Unit 6 When disaster strikes 过去进行时-【简语法-单元重点语法精练】英语八年级上册（外研版2024）

单元核心语法·精练 Unit 6 When disaster strikes （过去进行时） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 一、过去进行时的构成及句式 用法介绍 过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一时间段正在进行的动作，强调动作的持续性或正在进行的状态，基本结构为 “was/were + 动词 - ing 形式”。 句式类型 结构公式 示例 肯定句 主语 + was/were + 动词 - ing + 其他 She was reading at 8 p.m. last night.（昨晚 8 点她正在读书。） 否定句 主语 + was/were + not + 动词 - ing + 其他 They were not watching TV at that time.（那时他们没在看电视。） 一般疑问句 Was/Were + 主语 + 动词 - ing + 其他？ Were you listening to music just now?（刚才你在听音乐吗？） 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词 + was/were + 主语 + 动词 - ing + 其他？ What was he doing this morning?（今天早上他在做什么？） 注意事项 1. 主谓一致：主语为第一人称单数（I）和第三人称单数（he/she/it）时用 was，复数主语（we/you/they）用 were（如 He was sleeping. / They were talking.）。 2. 动词 - ing 形式变化：一般在动词后加 - ing（work→working）；以不发音的 e 结尾去 e 加 - ing（make→making）；重读闭音节双写尾字母加 - ing（run→running）。 3. 不可用于进行时的动词：表示心理状态（love, know）、感官（see, hear）、短暂性动作（decide, stop）等动词通常不用于进行时（错误：He was knowing the answer. 正确：He knew the answer.）。 二、过去进行时的时间标志及用法场景 用法介绍 过去进行时常与特定时间状语搭配，用于描述过去某一具体时间点或时间段内正在进行的动作，常见场景包括 “长动作被短动作打断”“两个同时进行的长动作” 等。 时间标志 / 场景 示例 具体时刻（at 8 o’clock last night） I was eating dinner at 7 p.m. yesterday.（昨天晚上 7 点我正在吃晚饭。） 时间段（from 3 to 5 yesterday） They were playing football from 3 to 5 yesterday afternoon.（昨天下午 3 到 5 点他们在踢足球。） 长动作被短动作打断（when 引导短动作） I was walking home when it started to rain.（我正走路回家，突然开始下雨了。） 两个同时进行的长动作（while 连接） While she was cooking, he was reading.（她做饭时，他在看书。） 注意事项 1. 与一般过去时的分工：过去进行时表 “持续的长动作”，一般过去时表 “短暂的短动作”，常用 “过去进行时 + when + 一般过去时” 结构（如 She was watching TV when the phone rang. 电话响时她正在看电视。）。 2. while 的用法限制：while 引导的从句谓语必须是延续性动词（如错误：While he arrived, I was busy. 正确：When he arrived, I was busy.）。 3. 语境中的隐含时间：若上下文明确指向过去某一时刻，可省略时间状语（如 “What were you doing?” “I was cleaning my room. ” 结合语境可知指过去某时刻）。 三、when, while, as 的用法辨析 用法介绍 三者均表示 “当…… 时”，但在时间范围、动词类型和语义侧重上有区别，常与过去进行时或一般过去时搭配使用。 连词 时间范围 动词类型（从句） 典型搭配句型 when 可指时间点或时间段 可接瞬间性或延续性动词 一般过去时（短动作）+ when + 过去进行时（长动作） 如：He came when I was cooking.（我做饭时他来了。） while 仅指时间段 必须接延续性动词 过去进行时 + while + 过去进行时（两个长动作同时进行） 如：I was reading while she was drawing.（我看书时她在画画。） as 可指时间点或时间段 可接瞬间性或延续性动词 强调 “一边…… 一边……” 或 “随着……” 如：She sang as she walked.（她边走边唱。） 注意事项 1. when 的灵活性：when 是使用最广泛的连词，可替代 while（当接延续性动词时），但 while 不能替代 when 接瞬间性动词（如正确：When he left, I cried. 错误：While he left, I cried.）。 2. as 的特殊含义：as 可表 “随着时间推移”，强调动作的同步性（如 As the sun rose, the fog disappeared. 随着太阳升起，雾散了。）。 3. 主从句时态一致性：描述同时进行的长动作时，主从句均用过去进行时，优先用 while 连接（如 While they were talking, the teacher came in. 他们聊天时，老师进来了。）。 一、单项选择 1．（24-25八年级上·安徽黄山·期末）—A nice pen! A present?   —Yes, it is. My sister________ it to me for my fifteenth birthday. A．will send B．sends C．was sending D．sent 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——一支漂亮的钢笔！是礼物吗？——是的，它是。我姐姐送我十五岁生日的礼物。 考查时态。根据“for my fifteenth birthday”可知，此处是在描述过去发生的事情，应该用一般过去时，表示“我姐姐在我十五岁生日时送给我一支钢笔”。故选D。 2．（24-25八年级上·江西吉安·期末）—You seem to know much about this museum. —That’s true. I ________ here with my parents once. A．come B．is coming C．will come D．came 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你似乎对这个博物馆很了解 。——那是真的。我曾经和父母来过这里。 考查一般过去时。come来，动词原形，一般现在时；is coming正在来，现在进行时；will come将会来，一般将来时；came来，动词过去式，一般过去时。根据“once”，意为“曾经”，本句应为一般过去时。故选D。 3．（24-25八年级上·江西抚州·期末）— Why didn’t you watch the football match last night, Eric? — Well, I ________ on the phone with my friends at that time. A．talked B．was talking C．am talking D．have talked 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——埃里克，昨晚你为什么没看足球赛？——嗯，我当时正在和朋友们通电话。 考查时态辨析。根据语境可知，此处是在描述埃里克昨晚没看足球赛的原因，即他当时正在和朋友们通电话，所以应该用过去进行时。故选B。 4．（24-25八年级上·北京丰台·期末）—Tom, what’s wrong with your leg? —I had an accident and ________ off my bike last Sunday. A．fell B．fall C．was falling D．will fall 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——Tom，你的腿怎么了？——上个星期天我出了事故，从自行车上摔下来了。 考查动词时态。fell过去式；fall原形；was falling过去进行时；will fall是一般将来时。根据“last Sunday”可知，时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式fell，和前面的had并列作谓语。故选A。 5．（24-25八年级上·江苏南京·期末）—Why didn’t you watch the women’s singles final between Zheng Qinwen and Coco Gauff? —Well, I ________ the geography project with my friends at that time. A．discuss B．discussed C．am discussing D．was discussing 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你为什么不看郑钦文和可可·高芙的女单决赛？——嗯，当时我正在和朋友讨论地理项目。 考查时态。根据“Why didn’t you watch the women’s singles final between Zheng Qinwen and Coco Gauff?”以及“at that time”可知，此处表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时。故选D。 6．（24-25八年级上·江西宜春·期末）We ________ the 75th birthday of our country through different activities in October, 2024. A．celebrate B．are celebrating C．celebrated D．will celebrate 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们在2024年10月通过不同的活动庆祝了我们国家的75岁生日。 考查动词时态。根据“in October, 2024”可知，这是一个过去的时间，所以句子要用一般过去时，谓语用动词过去式celebrated，故选C。 7．（24-25八年级上·四川泸州·期末）—What did you do last Sunday? —I ________ a movie with my friends. It was really exciting. A．watch B．watches C．watched D．am watching 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——上周日你做了什么？——我和我的朋友们看了一部电影。非常激动人心。 考查时态。根据“last Sunday”可知，要用一般过去时。故选C。 8．（24-25八年级上·北京顺义·期末）Last Saturday, I ________ my homework when you phoned me. A．am doing B．do C．was doing D．will do 【答案】C 【详解】句意：上周六，你打电话给我时，我正在做作业。 考查时态。根据“when you phoned me”可知此处表示当某事发生的时候，另一件事情正在进行，此处用过去进行时was doing。故选C。 9．（24-25八年级上·北京朝阳·期末）I ________ an online lesson when my mum came into the room. A．had B．will have C．was having D．am having 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当我妈妈走进房间时，我正在上网课。 考查过去进行时。根据“I…an online lesson when my mum came into the room.”可知，此处描述的是过去某一时刻正在发生的动作，应该用过去进行时，谓语动词构成是was/were+现在分词，主语是I，be动词用was。故选C。 10．（24-25八年级上·天津河北·期末）Our school team ________ for the football game from 7 a.m. to 10 a.m. last Sunday. A．will train B．trains C．is training D．was training 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们校队上周日上午7点到10点进行足球比赛训练。 考查动词时态。句中提及的时间是“last Sunday”，指过去的某个明确的时间，从7 a.m.到10 a.m.，因此用过去进行时态表示当时正在进行的动作，结构为was/were doing。故选D。 11．（24-25八年级上·天津和平·期末）—I didn’t find Sarah. Where was she? —She ________ for the coming football match on the playground. A．was training B．will train C．is training D．trained 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我没有找到莎拉。她在哪儿？——她在操场上为即将到来的足球比赛训练。 考查时态。根据“Where was she?”可知，此处是描述过去的某一时刻正发生的动作，用过去进行时was/were doing，主语是She，be用was。故选A。 12．（24-25八年级上·北京丰台·期末）I ________ a tea party with my friends when you called yesterday afternoon. A．have B．am having C．was having D．will have 【答案】C 【详解】句意：昨天下午你打来电话时，我正在和朋友们开茶话会。 考查动词时态。根据“when you called yesterday afternoon.”可知，设空处是在过去的某个时间正在发生的动作，因此该句是过去进行时，故选C。 13．（24-25八年级上·天津和平·期末）His mother ________ dinner when he got home yesterday. A．will cook B．was cooking C．is cooking D．cooks 【答案】B 【详解】句意：昨天他回家时，他妈妈正在做晚饭。 考查动词时态。根据“when he got home yesterday”可知，主句应该使用过去进行时（was/were doing），表示从句动作发生时，主句动作正在进行，故选B。 14．（24-25八年级上·上海松江·期末）When we heard a big argument, my dad and I ___________ for the ferry. A．waited B．are waiting C．were waiting D．had waited 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当我们听到一场激烈的争吵时，我和爸爸正在等渡船。 考查谓语动词时态。wait意为“等待”。waited一般过去时；am waiting现在进行时；were waiting过去进行时；had waited过去完成时。分析题干可知，本句是复合句，含有when引导的时间状语从句，且此处when表示当一个动作发生时，另一个动作正在进行；本句when引导时间状语从句时态为一般过去时，主句应用过去进行时，故选C。 15．（24-25八年级上·江苏扬州·期末）—Why didn’t you watch the final of the basketball match last night, Tom? —Well. I ______ the history project with Jack at that time. A．discuss B．discussed C．am discussing D．was discussing 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——汤姆，你昨晚为什么没看篮球比赛决赛？——嗯，当时我和杰克在讨论历史项目。 考查时态。根据“at that time”可知，此处是描述过去的某一时刻正进行的动作，用过去进行时，其结构为“was/were doing”，主语是I，be用was。故选D。 二、完成句子：根据句意在空格处填入一个合适的单词或者用括号所给单词的正确形式填空 1. （24-25八年级上·甘肃武威·期末）The old bridge (fall) down last week. The workers are building a new one. 【答案】fell 【详解】句意：那座旧桥上星期倒了。工人们正在建造一座新的。根据“last week”可知，动作发生在过去，因此应使用动词过去式fell。故填fell。 2. （24-25八年级上·江苏无锡·期末）When I asked her for a reason, she just (shake) her head and said nothing. 【答案】shook 【详解】句意：当我问她原因时，她只是摇头，什么都没有说。shake“握，摇”，动词；根据“When I asked her for a reason”可知，时态为一般过去时，动词使用过去式。故填shook。 3. （23-24八年级上·安徽·期末）While the mother (prepare) dinner, her son came back from school. 【答案】was preparing 【详解】句意：当母亲正在准备晚餐时，她的儿子从学校回来。根据时间状语“while”可知，主句“her son came back from school”用的是一般过去时，表示一个过去的动作；从句“the mother (prepare) dinner”应使用过去进行时，表示在过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，其构成为主语+was/were+doing，主语为the mother，此处be动词应使用was。故填was preparing。 4. （24-25八年级上·云南昆明·期末）Jenny felt sorry because she her friend’s glasses. (break) 【答案】broke 【详解】句意：珍妮感到很抱歉，因为她打碎了她朋友的眼镜。根据“Jenny felt sorry because she ... her friend’s glasses.”可知，本句时态为一般过去时，需填动词过去式。“break”意为“打烂”，动词，其过去式为broke。故填broke。 5. （24-25八年级上·云南昆明·期末）When I went to the Old Tea Forest of Jingmai Mountain in Pu’er last winter vacation, the fresh air there my heart. (touch) 【答案】touched 【详解】句意：去年寒假我去普洱的景迈山古茶林时，那里清新的空气触动了我的心。根据“last winter vacation”，可知句子描述的是去年寒假发生的事情，是过去的时间，要用一般过去时，空格处所填词在句中作谓语，“touch”的过去式是“touched”，故填touched。 6. （24-25八年级上·吉林长春·期末）Danny (fall) down and broke his leg last week. 【答案】fell 【详解】句意：丹尼上周摔倒了，摔断了腿。根据“last week”可知，句子时态应用一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式fell。故填fell。 7. （23-24八年级上·云南保山·期末）He TV at this time yesterday. (watch) 【答案】was watching 【详解】句意：昨天的这个时候他正在看电视。由“at this time yesterday”可知，句子应用过去进行时，其结构为was/were+动词ing，He是主语，be动词用was。故填was watching。 8. （22-23八年级上·福建三明·期末）They (watch) a World Cup football match on TV at 3:00 a.m. this morning. 【答案】were watching 【详解】句意：他们今天凌晨3点在电视上观看世界杯足球赛。根据“at 3:00 a.m. this morning”可知，时态为过去进行时，结构为：主语+was/were+doing，主语是they，be动词用were，watch的现在分词是watching。故填were watching。 9. （23-24八年级上·江苏无锡·期末）When I arrived at home, my mom (do) some cleaning while my dad was reading a book. 【答案】was doing 【详解】句意：当我到家时，我妈妈正在打扫卫生，而我爸爸正在看书。根据“When I arrived at home, my mom…some cleaning ”可知，指的是当我到家时，妈妈正在打扫卫生，时态是过去进行时，其结构为：主语+was/were+doing。主语是my mom，be动词用was；do的现在分词是doing。故填was doing。 10. （23-24八年级上·山东潍坊·期末）As all the doctors (check) the boy, his pain got worse. 【答案】were checking 【详解】句意：当所有的医生都在检查这个男孩时，他的疼痛加剧了。根据“As all the doctors...the boy, his pain got worse.”并结合“got”可知此处表示动作正在进行，用过去进行时，主语是名词复数，be动词用were。故填were checking。 11. （23-24八年级上·江苏扬州·期末）The bushes and trees were in the wind. (blow) 【答案】blowing 【详解】句意：灌木和树木在风中飞舞。根据语境和所给单词提示可知，此处考查过去进行时，其结构是was/were+doing，主语The bushes and trees为第三人称复数，be动词用were，动词blow“（被）刮动，吹动”的现在分词形式为blowing。故填blowing。 12. （23-24八年级上·山东德州·期末）The boys (not play) football at that time yesterday. 【答案】weren’t playing 【详解】句意：昨天那个时候男孩们没有踢足球。分析句子成分可知，空格处应用谓语动词，根据“at that time yesterday”可知，句子应用过去进行时，即was/were doing的结构，由于主语The boys为复数，故应用were doing结构。由所给单词可知，此处应用否定形式，即were not playing，此处were和not可缩写成weren’t。故填weren’t playing。 13. （23-24八年级上·江苏泰州·期末）—Hong Yuanyuan, I didn’t see your sister this afternoon. —She (practise) the whole afternoon to prepare for the dancing competition. 【答案】was practising 【详解】句意：——洪圆圆，我今天下午没看到你妹妹。——她整个下午都在练习为舞蹈比赛做准备。根据“the whole afternoon”可知此处表示过去某一阶段正在发生的事情，用过去进行时，主语“She”后用be动词was，practise的现在分词形式practising。故填was practising。 14. （23-24八年级上·山东德州·期末）While the lights (change) to red, a car suddenly appeared round the corner. 【答案】were changing 【详解】句意：当交通灯正变成红色时，一辆汽车突然出现在拐角处。根据“While”和“a car suddenly appeared round the corner.”可知，此处是while引导的时间状语从句，从句强调过去正在发生的动作，应用过去进行时was/were doing，主语是复数，be动词用were。故填were changing。 15. （21-22八年级上·河南商丘·期末）When he woke up, his son was (take) a shower by himself. 【答案】taking 【详解】句意：当他醒来时，他的儿子正在自己洗澡。根据“When he woke up, his son was”可知，时态为过去进行时。故填taking。 三、选词填空 Passage 1 （23-24八年级上·陕西渭南·期末）用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。（每个单词限用一次。每空限填一词。） help    they    work    usual    be    teach    if    two    building    know People think earthquakes are terrible. No one 1 when an earthquake will happen. But we can do something 2 to protect ourselves. First, governments should 3 people about what earthquakes are and where earthquakes easily happen in the country. Then people can know more about earthquakes. Governments should also make sure that some places like fire stations, police stations and hospitals are 4 well when emergencies (突发情况) happen. 5 , when an earthquake happens, people should try to move into the open places. Try to stay away from things like 6 , trees and so on. Go out of the building quickly 7 possible, because the building may fall down. At last, there are 8 some aftershocks (余震) after a main earthquake. Try to be careful and pay attention to 9 . In a word, don’t 10 afraid of earthquakes. Try to protect yourselves well when the earthquake comes. 【答案】 1. knows 2. helpful 3. teach 4. working 5. Second 6. buildings 7. if 8. usually 9. them 10. be 【导语】本文介绍了地震发生时我们应该如何做来保护好自己的一些方法。 1. 句意：没有人知道地震什么时候会发生。根据“No one ... when an earthquake will happen.”及备选词可知，know“知道”，符合语境；时态为一般现在时，“No one”作主语，谓语动词用单数。故填knows。 2. 句意：但我们可以做一些有益的事情来保护自己。根据“But we can do something ... to protect ourselves.”及备选词可知，help“帮助”，符合语境；修饰复合不定代词应用形容词helpful“有帮助的”。故填helpful。 3. 句意：首先，政府应该教人们什么是地震以及地震容易发生的地方。根据“First, governments should ... people about what earthquakes are and where earthquakes easily happen in the country.”及备选词可知，teach“教”，符合语境；情态动词should后接动词原形。故填teach。 4. 句意：政府还应确保消防站、警察局和医院等一些地方在紧急情况发生时运转良好。根据“fire stations, police stations and hospitals are ... well when emergencies (突发情况) happen”及备选词可知，work“工作，运行”，符合语境，此处应用现在分词working，与are构成现在进行时。故填working。 5. 句意：第二，当地震发生时，人们应该尽量转移到开阔的地方。根据上文“First, governments should ... people about ...”可知，此处是第二点，应用two的序数词second“第二”，句首首字母大写。故填Second。 6. 句意：尽量远离建筑物、树木之类的东西。根据“Try to stay away from things like ..., trees and so on.”及备选词可知，building“建筑物”，符合语境，此处应用复数表示泛指。故填buildings。 7. 句意：如果可能的话，赶快离开大楼，因为大楼可能会倒塌。根据“the building may fall down”可知，地震中大楼会倒塌，如果可能的话，要尽快离开大楼；if“如果”，符合语境。故填if。 8. 句意：最后，在主震之后通常会有一些余震。根据“At last, there are ... some aftershocks (余震) after a main earthquake.”及备选词可知，usual“通常的”，符合语境，此处应用副词usually。故填usually。 9. 句意：尽量小心并注意它们。根据“some aftershocks (余震) after a main earthquake”可知，此处指小心余震；they“它们”，指代余震；pay attention to“注意”，to为介词，后接宾格代词。故填them。 10. 句意：总之，不要害怕地震。根据“In a word, don’t ... afraid of earthquakes.”及备选词可知，此处是短语be afraid of“害怕”。故填be。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级上·宁夏石嘴山·期末）从下面方框中选择恰当的词或短语并用其正确形式填入短文中，使短文通顺正确。每词只用一次，有些词要用适当的形式。 protect    keep calm    from    quick    window get    warn    dangerous    inside    for example What should you do if an earthquake happens to you? Earthquakes usually come without 1 , but there are still things you can do to protect yourself. ·Stay calm as the earth begins to shake. Your chance of survival (幸存) in an earthquake will increase if you can 2 . Staying calm is not easy, but it can save your life. ·If you are 3 when the earthquake starts, get under a table or a bed. You need to have something strong around you to 4 you from falling objects. Do not stand near walls or 5 and stay out of the kitchen. The kitchen is 6 because of many glass objects. ·If you are outside, get to an open area as fast as you can. Stay away 7 buildings and trees. If you are in a car, pull over to a place where there are no trees or tall buildings and stay in the car. If you are close to the sea, try 8 as far away from the water as possible. Earthquakes can cause huge waves (浪) that can harm the people nearby. ·When the earthquake is over, there is still plenty of danger. 9 , fire often comes with an earthquake. If you see a fire, move outdoors 10 to an open area. Always remember to hope for the best but prepare for the worst. 【答案】 1. warning 2. keep calm 3. inside 4. protect 5. windows 6. dangerous 7. from 8. to get 9. For example 10. quickly 【导语】本文主要介绍了地震时我们应该怎么做以进行自我保护远离危害。 1. 句意：地震通常没有预警，但你仍然可以做一些事情来保护自己。根据“Earthquakes usually come without”和备选词可知，地震通常是没有预警的，warn“警告”符合，此处应用其动名词形式作宾语。故填warning。 2. 句意：如果在地震中你能保持冷静，你幸存的几率将会增加。根据“Stay calm as the earth begins to shake.”和备选词可知，在地震中能保持冷静，幸存的几率将会增加，keep calm“保持冷静”符合语境，情态动词can后接动词原形。故填keep calm。 3. 句意：如果地震开始的时候你在室内，躲到桌子或床下面去。根据“get under a table or a bed”和备选词可知，躲到桌子或床下，说明这是在室内，inside“在里面，在室内”符合语境。故填inside。 4. 句意：你需要有坚固的东西在你周围来保护你免受掉落物体的伤害。根据“You need to have something strong around you to...you from falling objects”和备选词可知，你周围坚固的东西应是用来保护你免受掉落物体的伤害，protect sb. from sth.“保护某人免受某物伤害”，根据“to”可知，此处应用动词原形。故填protect。 5. 句意：不要站在靠近墙和窗户的地方，并且远离厨房。根据“walls or”和备选词可知，此处应是指不要靠近墙和窗户，window“窗户”符合语境，此处应用其复数形式。故填windows。 6. 句意：因为有很多玻璃制品，所以厨房是危险的。根据“because of many glass objects”和备选词可知，厨房应是危险的，dangerous“危险的”符合语境。故填dangerous。 7. 句意：远离建筑物和树木。根据“Stay away...buildings and trees”和备选词可知，地震时要远离建筑物和树木，stay away from“远离……”。故填from。 8. 句意：如果你靠近大海，尽量离水远一些。根据“If you are close to the sea, try...as far away from the water as possible”和备选词可知，如果靠近大海，要尽可能的远离水，get away from“远离”，try to do sth.“尽力做某事”，故此处应用动词不定式。故填to get。 9. 句意：例如，火灾经常伴随地震而来。根据“When the earthquake is over, there is still plenty of danger.”和备选词可知，地震结束后，仍然存在很多危险，而后面举例说明火灾就是地震后存在的危险之一，for example“例如”符合语境。故填For example。 10. 句意：如果你看到火灾，迅速移动到户外空旷的地方。根据“If you see a fire, move outdoors...to an open area”和备选词可知，看到火灾，应该迅速移动到户外空旷的地方，quick“快速的”符合语境，此处应用其副词形式修饰动词move。故填quickly。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级上·河南南阳·期末）阅读短之，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺意思完整、每空限填一词，每词限用一次。     call,    to,    someone,     but,     happen,    be,    safe,    out,    way,    shock How to Protect Yourself in the Earthquake Many earthquakes happen every year. Some of these earthquakes 1 very strong. When they happen in cites, they can be very serious, Many people will be hurt or die in the earthquakes. Knowing some 2 to protect yourself will help to keep you safe in the earthquake. If you are indoors when the earthquake 3 , the safest place is under a strong table or desk. Sitting on the floor in a doorway or clone to a wall is 4 than standing in the middle of a room. Remember 5 protect your head and neck with your arms. Stay away from windows, tall furniture and pictures or anything that may fall on you. Do not try to run 6 of the building. If you are out of doors, move to clear areas. Get away from buildings and trees. Be very careful of fallen power lines. The danger is not over when the strong shaking stops. There will be some 7 after most earthquakes. We 8 them after shocks and they sometimes can be more dangerous than the first earthquake. When it is safe for you to move around, check the people near you. 9 may need help. You may feel afraid, 10 you should try to stay calm. That is the most important thing to do in the earthquake. 【答案】 1. are 2. ways 3. happens 4. safer 5. to 6. out 7. shocks 8. call 9. Someone 10. but 【导语】本文介绍了在地震中自我保护的方法。 1. 句意：这些地震中有一些非常强烈。根据“Some of these earthquakes...very strong.”可知，此处是主系表结构，主语“Some of these earthquakes”为复数，时态是一般现在时，be动词用are。故填are。 2. 句意：了解一些保护自己的方法将有助于你在地震中保持安全。根据“Knowing some...to protect yourself”可知，指的是保护自己的方法，way“方法”，some后接可数名词复数。故填ways。 3. 句意：如果地震发生时你在室内，最安全的地方是在坚固的桌子或书桌下面。根据“when the earthquake...”可知，指的是地震发生的时候，happen“发生”，此处主语“earthquake”为单数，故谓语动词用单三形式。故填happens。 4. 句意：坐在门口的地板上或靠近墙壁，比站在房间中央更安全。根据“Sitting on the floor in a doorway or clone to a wall is...than”和常识可知，在地震中，坐在门口的地板上或靠近墙壁更安全，safer“更安全的”，形容词比较级符合语境。故填safer。 5. 句意：记得用手臂保护好你的头部和颈部。根据“Remember...protect your head”可知，此处指记得保护好头部，remember to do sth. 表示“记得做某事”。故填to。 6. 句意：不要试图跑出大楼。run out of...表示 “从……跑出去”，此处指不要从楼里跑出去。故填out。 7. 句意：大多数地震之后会有余震。根据“after most earthquakes”及常识可知，大地震之后会有余震，shock“震动”，可数名词，此处用复数表泛指。故填shocks。 8. 句意：我们称它们为余震，有时余震可能比第一次地震更危险。根据“We ... them after shocks”可知，call“称作”，此处主语“We”是复数，所以动词用原形。故填call。 9. 句意：可能有人需要帮助。根据“When it is safe for you to move around, check the people near you. ”可知，此处建议查看周围的人是否需要帮助，someone“某人”，符合语境，句首开头字母要大写。故填Someone。 10. 句意：你可能会感到害怕，但你应尽量保持冷静。根据“You may feel afraid, ...you should try to stay calm.”可知，虽然害怕，但也要保持冷静，句子前后是转折关系。故填but。 Passage 4 （23-24八年级上·广西梧州·期末）根据语篇内容，从方框中选择恰当的单词，并用其正确形式填空。将单词填写在答题卡对应的横线上。每个单词只能用一次。 shake, quick, help, he, hear, good, some, nervous, wall, on, It was about two o’clock in the early morning 1 21 September, 1999. Tommy was sleeping when the earthquake started. He felt a slight shake, then he 2 a loud noise like thunder. Soon the real noise came, like bombs under the ground. The earth started to 3 . People screamed in fear. Some ran out of the building. He tried his 4 to run out too, but he couldn’t. Outside, people were running in all directions while pieces of glass and bricks were falling down. Then the 5 began to come down too! Finally, the noise and shaking ended. It was dark and silent around him. He could not see anything at all, and he did not know if anyone else was near him. He felt 6 and his heart was beating fast. A moment of fear went through his mind, but he told 7 to calm down since he was still alive. He shouted for 8 , but no one came. He started to move slowly in the darkness. Luckily, there was just enough space for him to move. Hours later, Tommy heard 9 noise above him. He screamed, “Help! Please help! I’m here!” Then he heard shouts from excited people. They 10 moved away the bricks. At last, Tommy was safe. 【答案】 1. on 2. heard 3. shake 4. best 5. walls 6. nervous 7. himself 8. help 9. some 10. quickly 【导语】本文讲述了作者在地震发生后战胜害怕的情绪使自己平静下来，最后救援人员来了以后被救出的故事。 1. 句意：那是1999年9月21日凌晨两点左右。根据“21 September, 1999.”可知，具体的时间用介词on。故填on。 2. 句意：他感到一阵轻微的摇晃，然后他听到一声雷鸣般的巨响。根据“a loud noise like thunder.”可知，这里是听到一声雷鸣般的巨响，hear意为“听见”，这里用过去式。故填heard。 3. 句意：大地开始摇动。根据“Tommy was sleeping when the earthquake started.”可知，这里是大地开始震动，shake意为“摇动”，to后跟动词原形。故填shake。 4. 句意：他也尽力往外跑，但他跑不出去。根据“He tried his…to run out too”可知，这里是 try one’s best to do sth.尽力做某事，因此用good的最高级best。故填best。 5. 句意：然后墙也开始倒塌了！根据“began to come down too!”可知，这里指墙也开始倒塌了，wall意为“墙”，这里用复数形式。故填walls。 6. 句意：他感到紧张，心跳加速。根据“He could not see anything at all, and he did not know if anyone else was near him.”可知，这里是他感到紧张，nervous意为“紧张的”，形容词作表语。故填nervous。 7. 句意：一瞬间的恐惧掠过他的脑海，但他告诉自己要冷静下来，因为他还活着。根据“to calm down since he was still alive.”可知，这里指他告诉自己，用he的反身代词himself。故填himself。 8. 句意：他大声呼救，但没有人来。根据“but no one came.”可知，这里是呼救，help意为“帮助”，不可数名词。故填help。 9. 句意：几个小时后，汤米听到头顶上有声音。根据“noise above him.”可知，这里是听到头顶上有声音，some意为“一些”。故填some。 10. 句意：他们迅速搬走了砖块。根据“moved away the bricks.”可知，这里是迅速搬走了砖块，quick意为“快速地”，这里用副词quickly修饰动词。故填quickly。 四、语法填空 Passage 1 （22-23八年级上·辽宁阜新·期末）用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 A ten-year-old girl saved about one hundred other tourists in 2004 by warning 1 (they) that a tsunami, a huge ocean wave, was on its 2 (way) across the sea. She knew what 3 (happen) because she learned about underwater earthquakes at school only a few weeks earlier, a newspaper reported. “I was 4 the beach and the water started to go funny,” Tilly Smith told the 5 (report) from the newspaper. “There 6 (be) bubbles and the water went back suddenly. I knew there was going to be a tsunami. I told Mum,” she said. Tilly’s mother and the hotel workers acted 7 (quick). They cleared people from the beach just minutes 8 a huge wave reached the land. Luckily, no one died. Tilly’s teacher was very proud 9 her. “She’s a very clever girl. It is very 10 (luck) that our class were learning about this kind of tsunami just two weeks before Christmas,” he told the newspaper. 【答案】 1. them 2. way 3. was happening 4. on 5. reporter 6. were 7. quickly 8. before 9. of 10. lucky 【导语】本文要讲述了一个10岁的小女孩利用自己所学的知识预知海啸要到来，拯救了很多游客生命的故事。 1. 句意：2004年，一名10岁的女孩通过警告他们海啸来袭，拯救了大约100名其他游客。根据“by warning ...that a tsunami”可知，是通过警告游客的方式救了他们，warning是动名词，后面应该接宾语。故填them。 2. 句意：一个巨大的海浪，正在横跨大海。根据“was on its...across the sea”可知，on its way表示“在路上”，此处指的是海浪在横跨大海的途中。故填way。 3. 句意：她知道当时正在发生什么事，因为她几周前才在学校学过水下地震。根据“She knew what ...”和前文可知，此种情况是当时正在发生的事情，时态用过去进行时。故填was happening。 4. 句意：“我在海滩上，海水开始变得奇怪”，Tilly Smith告诉报社的记者。根据“I was...the beach and the water started to go funny；There... bubbles and the water went back suddenly”可知，Tilly Smith应该是在沙滩上看到水里有气泡和水倒流的现象。on the beach表示“在沙滩上”。故填on。 5. 句意：Tilly Smith告诉报社的记者。根据“ the...from the newspaper”可知，是Tilly Smith把这件事告诉了记者，且the是定冠词，后面需要接名词。故填reporter。 6. 句意：有气泡，水突然倒流。根据“There...bubbles and the water went back”可知，考查there be句型的be动词用法，bubbles表示“气泡”，可数名词复数形式，且事情发生在过去，因此时态用一般过去时。故填were。 7. 句意：Tilly的母亲和酒店工作人员迅速采取了行动。根据“Tilly’s mother and the hotel workers acted .... ”可知，答题空内的词修饰动词acted，因此是一个副词。故填quickly。 8. 句意：就在巨浪到达陆地前几分钟，他们撤离了海滩上的人们。根据后文“Luckily, no one died.”可知，人们都得救了，因此是在巨浪抵达之前，他们疏散了游客。故填before。 9. 句意：Tilly的老师为她感到骄傲。be proud of表示“为……骄傲”。故填of。 10. 句意：非常幸运的是，我们班在圣诞节前两周就开始学习这种海啸。根据“It is very... ”可知，此处指的是“幸运的”，应该填形容词，且is是系动词，后面应该接形容词作表语。故填lucky。 Passage 2 （23-24八年级上·江苏常州·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 This is a story about what a father did in an earthquake. An 8.2 earthquake 1 (hit) the city in 1989. In less than four minutes, it killed 2 (thousand) of people. Right away, a father rushed to his son’s school, 3 he sadly found the building had come down. The man almost broke down. He remembered what he always said to his son, “No matter what happens, I’ll always be there for you!” And tears began to fill his eyes. He rushed to the back right corner of the building and started digging (挖) through the stones. As he 4 (work) in piles of stones, other helpless parents arrived. They said, “It’s too late! They’re all dead! Go home! It’s 5 (possible) for you to save him!” To each parent, he answered, “Are you going to help me or not?” No one joined him. The firemen and police also came and told him 6 (stop), “There are big fires. You’re in great 7 (dangerous). We’ll take care of it. Go home.” To them, he said again, “Are you going to help me now?” No one knew what to say. His fingers were hurt badly, but he dug even 8 (quick). For a long time, he kept digging for his son, stone by stone. Then, in the 38th hour, he pulled back a large stone and heard his son 9 (shout) for help. The man called his son’s name excitedly, “Peter!” Soon he heard back, “Dad? It’s me, Dad! I knew you would save me! You said that no matter what happened, you would always be there for me! You did it, Dad!” Everyone was surprised and moved. They said to 10 (they), “Nothing is too hard for a loving father.” Sometimes, love can help us complete the most difficult work. 【答案】 1. hit 2. thousands 3. but 4. was working 5. impossible 6. to stop 7. danger 8. more quickly 9. shouting 10. themselves 【导语】本文讲述了在一次地震中一位伟大的父亲凭借坚定的信念和勇气救出了儿子的故事，展示了父爱的伟大。 1. 句意：1989年，这座城市发生了8.2级地震。根据“in 1989”可知，此句是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填hit。 2. 句意：在不到四分钟的时间里，它杀死了数千人。此处表示概数，数词用复数形式+of，故填thousands。 3. 句意：一位父亲马上赶到儿子的学校，但他悲伤地发现大楼倒塌了。空格前后是转折关系，应填but，故填but。 4. 句意：当他在成堆的石头中工作时，其他无助的父母来了。根据“As he… in piles of stones, other helpless parents arrived”可知，在他开始挖的时候，其他父母来了，此处表示在过去某个时段正在发生的事情，用过去进行时was/were doing的结构，根据he可知，助动词用was，故填was working。 5. 句意：你救不了他了。is后接形容词作表语，根据“It’s too late! They’re all dead”可知，太迟了，孩子们都死了，所以不可能救得了他，impossible“不可能的”，故填impossible。 6. 句意：消防队员和警察也来了，叫他停下来。tell sb to do sth“告诉某人去做某事”，动词不定式作宾补，故填to stop。 7. 句意：你现在很危险。in danger“处于危险之中”，名词作宾语，故填danger。 8. 句意：他的手指伤得很重，但他挖得更快了。此空修饰动词dug，应填副词quickly，even修饰副词，故填more quickly。 9. 句意：然后，在第38个小时，他拉开了一块大石头，听到儿子大声呼救。根据“heard his son… for help”可知，此处指听到儿子正在呼救，hear sb doing sth“听到某人正在做某事”，故填shouting。 10. 句意：他们自言自语“对一个慈爱的父亲来说，没有什么是办不到的。”say to oneself“自言自语”，此空应填反身代词，故填themselves。 Passage 3 （23-24八年级上·黑龙江牡丹江·期末）Kelly, an Englishwoman with her six children, lived in a small village. One winter, a lot of people 1 (become) homeless when there was a big flood (洪水) . The flood was 2 terrible that many people lost their homes. Kelly felt very 3 (luck) to live in a high place. 4 Kelly’s house was small, she shared her home 5 them before they could build a new house. At first, Kelly’s family 6 (disagree) with her and she told them a story. It happened in the war, a poor woman had to take care of her children by 7 (she), just like Kelly. The day before Christmas, the woman told her children she was going to get a present for them all. After about 8 hour, she came back with a little girl who had no parents. She said the little girl was the present. Her children were 9 (excited) to see the girl than to get another present.From then on the girl lived happily because they 10 (true) cared about her. The girl grew up as their sister and Kelly was the present. 【答案】 1. became 2. so 3. lucky 4. Though/Although 5. with 6. disagreed 7. herself 8. an 9. more excited 10. truly 【导语】本文主要讲述了在一个冬天的大洪水中，很多人变得无家可归，Kelly帮助了这些人。 1. 句意：一年冬天，一场大洪水，很多人无家可归。根据“when there was a big flood”可知，句子时态是一般过去时，此处用过去式，故填became。 2. 句意：洪水是如此可怕，许多人失去了家园。根据“that many people lost their homes”可知，so...that...引导结果状语从句，故填so。 3. 句意：凯莉觉得自己住在高处非常幸运。根据“live in a high place”可知，感到幸运，需要形容词，lucky符合句意，故填lucky。 4. 句意：尽管凯莉的房子很小，但在他们建造新房子之前，她就和他们分享了自己的家。根据“Kelly’s house was small”可知，房子虽小，although/though符合句意，句首首字母大写，故填Though/Although。 5. 句意：尽管凯莉的房子很小，但在他们建造新房子之前，她就和他们分享了自己的家。根据“she shared her home”可知，share sb with sth“和某人分享某物”，with符合句意，故填with。 6. 句意：起初，凯利的家人不同意她的说法，她给他们讲了一个故事。根据“and she told them a story”可知，句子时态是一般过去时，此处用过去式，故填disagreed。 7. 句意：事情发生在战争期间，一位贫穷的妇女必须像凯利一样独自照顾孩子。by oneself“独自”，she的反身代词是herself，故填herself。 8. 句意：大约一个小时后，她带着一个没有父母的小女孩回来了。根据“hour”可知，需要不定冠词表示泛指，hour是元音音素开头，an符合句意，故填an。 9. 句意：她的孩子们看到这个女孩比收到另一件礼物更兴奋。根据“than to get another present.”可知，此处需要比较级，more excited符合句意，故填more excited。 10. 句意：从此女孩过上了幸福的生活，因为他们真心关心她。根据“cared about”可知，副词修饰动词，truly符合句意，故填truly。 3 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$单元核心语法·精练 Unit 6 When disaster strikes （过去进行时） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 一、过去进行时的构成及句式 用法介绍 过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一时间段正在进行的动作，强调动作的持续性或正在进行的状态，基本结构为 “was/were + 动词 - ing 形式”。 句式类型 结构公式 示例 肯定句 主语 + was/were + 动词 - ing + 其他 She was reading at 8 p.m. last night.（昨晚 8 点她正在读书。） 否定句 主语 + was/were + not + 动词 - ing + 其他 They were not watching TV at that time.（那时他们没在看电视。） 一般疑问句 Was/Were + 主语 + 动词 - ing + 其他？ Were you listening to music just now?（刚才你在听音乐吗？） 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词 + was/were + 主语 + 动词 - ing + 其他？ What was he doing this morning?（今天早上他在做什么？） 注意事项 1. 主谓一致：主语为第一人称单数（I）和第三人称单数（he/she/it）时用 was，复数主语（we/you/they）用 were（如 He was sleeping. / They were talking.）。 2. 动词 - ing 形式变化：一般在动词后加 - ing（work→working）；以不发音的 e 结尾去 e 加 - ing（make→making）；重读闭音节双写尾字母加 - ing（run→running）。 3. 不可用于进行时的动词：表示心理状态（love, know）、感官（see, hear）、短暂性动作（decide, stop）等动词通常不用于进行时（错误：He was knowing the answer. 正确：He knew the answer.）。 二、过去进行时的时间标志及用法场景 用法介绍 过去进行时常与特定时间状语搭配，用于描述过去某一具体时间点或时间段内正在进行的动作，常见场景包括 “长动作被短动作打断”“两个同时进行的长动作” 等。 时间标志 / 场景 示例 具体时刻（at 8 o’clock last night） I was eating dinner at 7 p.m. yesterday.（昨天晚上 7 点我正在吃晚饭。） 时间段（from 3 to 5 yesterday） They were playing football from 3 to 5 yesterday afternoon.（昨天下午 3 到 5 点他们在踢足球。） 长动作被短动作打断（when 引导短动作） I was walking home when it started to rain.（我正走路回家，突然开始下雨了。） 两个同时进行的长动作（while 连接） While she was cooking, he was reading.（她做饭时，他在看书。） 注意事项 1. 与一般过去时的分工：过去进行时表 “持续的长动作”，一般过去时表 “短暂的短动作”，常用 “过去进行时 + when + 一般过去时” 结构（如 She was watching TV when the phone rang. 电话响时她正在看电视。）。 2. while 的用法限制：while 引导的从句谓语必须是延续性动词（如错误：While he arrived, I was busy. 正确：When he arrived, I was busy.）。 3. 语境中的隐含时间：若上下文明确指向过去某一时刻，可省略时间状语（如 “What were you doing?” “I was cleaning my room. ” 结合语境可知指过去某时刻）。 三、when, while, as 的用法辨析 用法介绍 三者均表示 “当…… 时”，但在时间范围、动词类型和语义侧重上有区别，常与过去进行时或一般过去时搭配使用。 连词 时间范围 动词类型（从句） 典型搭配句型 when 可指时间点或时间段 可接瞬间性或延续性动词 一般过去时（短动作）+ when + 过去进行时（长动作） 如：He came when I was cooking.（我做饭时他来了。） while 仅指时间段 必须接延续性动词 过去进行时 + while + 过去进行时（两个长动作同时进行） 如：I was reading while she was drawing.（我看书时她在画画。） as 可指时间点或时间段 可接瞬间性或延续性动词 强调 “一边…… 一边……” 或 “随着……” 如：She sang as she walked.（她边走边唱。） 注意事项 1. when 的灵活性：when 是使用最广泛的连词，可替代 while（当接延续性动词时），但 while 不能替代 when 接瞬间性动词（如正确：When he left, I cried. 错误：While he left, I cried.）。 2. as 的特殊含义：as 可表 “随着时间推移”，强调动作的同步性（如 As the sun rose, the fog disappeared. 随着太阳升起，雾散了。）。 3. 主从句时态一致性：描述同时进行的长动作时，主从句均用过去进行时，优先用 while 连接（如 While they were talking, the teacher came in. 他们聊天时，老师进来了。）。 一、单项选择 1．（24-25八年级上·安徽黄山·期末）—A nice pen! A present?   —Yes, it is. My sister________ it to me for my fifteenth birthday. A．will send B．sends C．was sending D．sent 2．（24-25八年级上·江西吉安·期末）—You seem to know much about this museum. —That’s true. I ________ here with my parents once. A．come B．is coming C．will come D．came 3．（24-25八年级上·江西抚州·期末）— Why didn’t you watch the football match last night, Eric? — Well, I ________ on the phone with my friends at that time. A．talked B．was talking C．am talking D．have talked 4．（24-25八年级上·北京丰台·期末）—Tom, what’s wrong with your leg? —I had an accident and ________ off my bike last Sunday. A．fell B．fall C．was falling D．will fall 5．（24-25八年级上·江苏南京·期末）—Why didn’t you watch the women’s singles final between Zheng Qinwen and Coco Gauff? —Well, I ________ the geography project with my friends at that time. A．discuss B．discussed C．am discussing D．was discussing 6．（24-25八年级上·江西宜春·期末）We ________ the 75th birthday of our country through different activities in October, 2024. A．celebrate B．are celebrating C．celebrated D．will celebrate 7．（24-25八年级上·四川泸州·期末）—What did you do last Sunday? —I ________ a movie with my friends. It was really exciting. A．watch B．watches C．watched D．am watching 8．（24-25八年级上·北京顺义·期末）Last Saturday, I ________ my homework when you phoned me. A．am doing B．do C．was doing D．will do 9．（24-25八年级上·北京朝阳·期末）I ________ an online lesson when my mum came into the room. A．had B．will have C．was having D．am having 10．（24-25八年级上·天津河北·期末）Our school team ________ for the football game from 7 a.m. to 10 a.m. last Sunday. A．will train B．trains C．is training D．was training 11．（24-25八年级上·天津和平·期末）—I didn’t find Sarah. Where was she? —She ________ for the coming football match on the playground. A．was training B．will train C．is training D．trained 12．（24-25八年级上·北京丰台·期末）I ________ a tea party with my friends when you called yesterday afternoon. A．have B．am having C．was having D．will have 13．（24-25八年级上·天津和平·期末）His mother ________ dinner when he got home yesterday. A．will cook B．was cooking C．is cooking D．cooks 14．（24-25八年级上·上海松江·期末）When we heard a big argument, my dad and I ___________ for the ferry. A．waited B．are waiting C．were waiting D．had waited 15．（24-25八年级上·江苏扬州·期末）—Why didn’t you watch the final of the basketball match last night, Tom? —Well. I ______ the history project with Jack at that time. A．discuss B．discussed C．am discussing D．was discussing 二、完成句子：根据句意在空格处填入一个合适的单词或者用括号所给单词的正确形式填空 1. （24-25八年级上·甘肃武威·期末）The old bridge (fall) down last week. The workers are building a new one. 2. （24-25八年级上·江苏无锡·期末）When I asked her for a reason, she just (shake) her head and said nothing. 3. （23-24八年级上·安徽·期末）While the mother (prepare) dinner, her son came back from school. 4. （24-25八年级上·云南昆明·期末）Jenny felt sorry because she her friend’s glasses. (break) 5. （24-25八年级上·云南昆明·期末）When I went to the Old Tea Forest of Jingmai Mountain in Pu’er last winter vacation, the fresh air there my heart. (touch) 6. （24-25八年级上·吉林长春·期末）Danny (fall) down and broke his leg last week. 7. （23-24八年级上·云南保山·期末）He TV at this time yesterday. (watch) 8. （22-23八年级上·福建三明·期末）They (watch) a World Cup football match on TV at 3:00 a.m. this morning. 9. （23-24八年级上·江苏无锡·期末）When I arrived at home, my mom (do) some cleaning while my dad was reading a book. 10. （23-24八年级上·山东潍坊·期末）As all the doctors (check) the boy, his pain got worse. 11. （23-24八年级上·江苏扬州·期末）The bushes and trees were in the wind. (blow) 12. （23-24八年级上·山东德州·期末）The boys (not play) football at that time yesterday. 13. （23-24八年级上·江苏泰州·期末）—Hong Yuanyuan, I didn’t see your sister this afternoon. —She (practise) the whole afternoon to prepare for the dancing competition. 14. （23-24八年级上·山东德州·期末）While the lights (change) to red, a car suddenly appeared round the corner. 15. （21-22八年级上·河南商丘·期末）When he woke up, his son was (take) a shower by himself. 三、选词填空 Passage 1 （23-24八年级上·陕西渭南·期末）用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。（每个单词限用一次。每空限填一词。） help    they    work    usual    be    teach    if    two    building    know People think earthquakes are terrible. No one 1 when an earthquake will happen. But we can do something 2 to protect ourselves. First, governments should 3 people about what earthquakes are and where earthquakes easily happen in the country. Then people can know more about earthquakes. Governments should also make sure that some places like fire stations, police stations and hospitals are 4 well when emergencies (突发情况) happen. 5 , when an earthquake happens, people should try to move into the open places. Try to stay away from things like 6 , trees and so on. Go out of the building quickly 7 possible, because the building may fall down. At last, there are 8 some aftershocks (余震) after a main earthquake. Try to be careful and pay attention to 9 . In a word, don’t 10 afraid of earthquakes. Try to protect yourselves well when the earthquake comes. Passage 2 （24-25八年级上·宁夏石嘴山·期末）从下面方框中选择恰当的词或短语并用其正确形式填入短文中，使短文通顺正确。每词只用一次，有些词要用适当的形式。 protect    keep calm    from    quick    window get    warn    dangerous    inside    for example What should you do if an earthquake happens to you? Earthquakes usually come without 1 , but there are still things you can do to protect yourself. ·Stay calm as the earth begins to shake. Your chance of survival (幸存) in an earthquake will increase if you can 2 . Staying calm is not easy, but it can save your life. ·If you are 3 when the earthquake starts, get under a table or a bed. You need to have something strong around you to 4 you from falling objects. Do not stand near walls or 5 and stay out of the kitchen. The kitchen is 6 because of many glass objects. ·If you are outside, get to an open area as fast as you can. Stay away 7 buildings and trees. If you are in a car, pull over to a place where there are no trees or tall buildings and stay in the car. If you are close to the sea, try 8 as far away from the water as possible. Earthquakes can cause huge waves (浪) that can harm the people nearby. ·When the earthquake is over, there is still plenty of danger. 9 , fire often comes with an earthquake. If you see a fire, move outdoors 10 to an open area. Always remember to hope for the best but prepare for the worst. Passage 3 （24-25八年级上·河南南阳·期末）阅读短之，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺意思完整、每空限填一词，每词限用一次。     call,    to,    someone,     but,     happen,    be,    safe,    out,    way,    shock How to Protect Yourself in the Earthquake Many earthquakes happen every year. Some of these earthquakes 1 very strong. When they happen in cites, they can be very serious, Many people will be hurt or die in the earthquakes. Knowing some 2 to protect yourself will help to keep you safe in the earthquake. If you are indoors when the earthquake 3 , the safest place is under a strong table or desk. Sitting on the floor in a doorway or clone to a wall is 4 than standing in the middle of a room. Remember 5 protect your head and neck with your arms. Stay away from windows, tall furniture and pictures or anything that may fall on you. Do not try to run 6 of the building. If you are out of doors, move to clear areas. Get away from buildings and trees. Be very careful of fallen power lines. The danger is not over when the strong shaking stops. There will be some 7 after most earthquakes. We 8 them after shocks and they sometimes can be more dangerous than the first earthquake. When it is safe for you to move around, check the people near you. 9 may need help. You may feel afraid, 10 you should try to stay calm. That is the most important thing to do in the earthquake. Passage 4 （23-24八年级上·广西梧州·期末）根据语篇内容，从方框中选择恰当的单词，并用其正确形式填空。将单词填写在答题卡对应的横线上。每个单词只能用一次。 shake, quick, help, he, hear, good, some, nervous, wall, on, It was about two o’clock in the early morning 1 21 September, 1999. Tommy was sleeping when the earthquake started. He felt a slight shake, then he 2 a loud noise like thunder. Soon the real noise came, like bombs under the ground. The earth started to 3 . People screamed in fear. Some ran out of the building. He tried his 4 to run out too, but he couldn’t. Outside, people were running in all directions while pieces of glass and bricks were falling down. Then the 5 began to come down too! Finally, the noise and shaking ended. It was dark and silent around him. He could not see anything at all, and he did not know if anyone else was near him. He felt 6 and his heart was beating fast. A moment of fear went through his mind, but he told 7 to calm down since he was still alive. He shouted for 8 , but no one came. He started to move slowly in the darkness. Luckily, there was just enough space for him to move. Hours later, Tommy heard 9 noise above him. He screamed, “Help! Please help! I’m here!” Then he heard shouts from excited people. They 10 moved away the bricks. At last, Tommy was safe. 四、语法填空 Passage 1 （22-23八年级上·辽宁阜新·期末）用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 A ten-year-old girl saved about one hundred other tourists in 2004 by warning 1 (they) that a tsunami, a huge ocean wave, was on its 2 (way) across the sea. She knew what 3 (happen) because she learned about underwater earthquakes at school only a few weeks earlier, a newspaper reported. “I was 4 the beach and the water started to go funny,” Tilly Smith told the 5 (report) from the newspaper. “There 6 (be) bubbles and the water went back suddenly. I knew there was going to be a tsunami. I told Mum,” she said. Tilly’s mother and the hotel workers acted 7 (quick). They cleared people from the beach just minutes 8 a huge wave reached the land. Luckily, no one died. Tilly’s teacher was very proud 9 her. “She’s a very clever girl. It is very 10 (luck) that our class were learning about this kind of tsunami just two weeks before Christmas,” he told the newspaper. Passage 2 （23-24八年级上·江苏常州·期末）This is a story about what a father did in an earthquake. An 8.2 earthquake 1 (hit) the city in 1989. In less than four minutes, it killed 2 (thousand) of people. Right away, a father rushed to his son’s school, 3 he sadly found the building had come down. The man almost broke down. He remembered what he always said to his son, “No matter what happens, I’ll always be there for you!” And tears began to fill his eyes. He rushed to the back right corner of the building and started digging (挖) through the stones. As he 4 (work) in piles of stones, other helpless parents arrived. They said, “It’s too late! They’re all dead! Go home! It’s 5 (possible) for you to save him!” To each parent, he answered, “Are you going to help me or not?” No one joined him. The firemen and police also came and told him 6 (stop), “There are big fires. You’re in great 7 (dangerous). We’ll take care of it. Go home.” To them, he said again, “Are you going to help me now?” No one knew what to say. His fingers were hurt badly, but he dug even 8 (quick). For a long time, he kept digging for his son, stone by stone. Then, in the 38th hour, he pulled back a large stone and heard his son 9 (shout) for help. The man called his son’s name excitedly, “Peter!” Soon he heard back, “Dad? It’s me, Dad! I knew you would save me! You said that no matter what happened, you would always be there for me! You did it, Dad!” Everyone was surprised and moved. They said to 10 (they), “Nothing is too hard for a loving father.” Sometimes, love can help us complete the most difficult work. Passage 3 （23-24八年级上·黑龙江牡丹江·期末）Kelly, an Englishwoman with her six children, lived in a small village. One winter, a lot of people 1 (become) homeless when there was a big flood (洪水) . The flood was 2 terrible that many people lost their homes. Kelly felt very 3 (luck) to live in a high place. 4 Kelly’s house was small, she shared her home 5 them before they could build a new house. At first, Kelly’s family 6 (disagree) with her and she told them a story. It happened in the war, a poor woman had to take care of her children by 7 (she), just like Kelly. The day before Christmas, the woman told her children she was going to get a present for them all. After about 8 hour, she came back with a little girl who had no parents. She said the little girl was the present. Her children were 9 (excited) to see the girl than to get another present.From then on the girl lived happily because they 10 (true) cared about her. The girl grew up as their sister and Kelly was the present. 10 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$