Unit 4 Space（知识清单）英语北师大版九年级全册

Unit4 Space 单词 Getting Ready 1. v. 盘旋，环行 2. adj. 国际的 3. v. 提起 n. 电梯 lift 4. adj. 载人的；有人控制的，需人操作 *5. n. 航天器，宇宙飞船 *6. n. 航行，飞行 7. n. 宇宙飞船 8. adj. 无 人 的 ； 无 人 控 制 的 9. n. 行星 Lesson 10 *10. n. 重力，地球引力 *11.v. 浮动，漂浮 12. n. 行动 13. v. (用绳、线等)系，拴，绑 14. v. 升起；提高 15. v. 落下；放置 *16. n. 闹钟 *17. n. 肌肉 Lesson 11 *18. v. 发射；发起 n.(航天器的)发射 *19. n. 人造卫星 20. n. 成就,成绩 *21. adv. 简短地；短暂地 *22. adj. 女性的 *23. v. 进步；前进 *24. n. 努力 *25. n. 公民, 市民 Lesson 12 *26. n. 外星人 adj. 外国的； 外星的 27. adj. 未知的,不详的 *28. n. 船长；机长 29. n. 航天服，宇航服 30. adj. 不舒服的 31. v. 挑选；摘 32. adj. 不幸的 *33. v. 攻击 34. n. 地球；世界 Communication Workshop *35. v. 钦佩，赞赏 36. conj. —……就 37. n. 物理学 38. n. 化学 *39. n. 太空飞行任务 40. v. 实现；意识到 *41. adv. 忠诚地 短语 1.international space 国际空间站 2.lift 发射，升空 3. in the air 悬在空中 4. of 代替，而不是 5. ...to…把⋯⋯系、拴、捆在…上 6.thank you . 感谢你 7.get of rest 获得充分的休息 8.make great 取得巨大成就 9.do science 做科学实验 10. all of one's 倾尽某人所有的努力 11. to the Internet 连接到互联网 12.take 脱去；去掉短 13.get to do sth. 准备好做某事 14. sb. on the head 击打某人的头部 15. sb. do sth． 让某人做某事 16. up 拾起，捡起 17.run 跑过；穿过 18.look to 期待着… 19.space 太空飞行 20.role 榜样 句型 1. These daily actions are you don't think about them much.这些日常行为是如此平常，以至于我们不会对它们想太多。 2. There is no gravity there, so weights are they are on Earth. 那里没有重力，所以（太空中物体的）重量不会和地球上一样重。 3. They have special plates their food doesn't ．他们使用特殊的盘子以便他们的食物不会飘走。 4. Dr Wang, thank you us. 王博士，感谢您和我们对话。 5. ． 某个东西出现故障了 。 6. My classmates and I were really excited to learn that you were the first Chinese woman in space the youngest astronaut from China.得知您不仅是中国第一位进人太空的女宇航员，而且还是中国最年轻的宇航员时，我和我的同学们真的很激动。 语法 So...that，so that状语从句 (Adverbial clause) 一、知识点清单 知识点1：These daily actions are so common that you don't think about them much. 这些日常行为是如此平常，以至于我们不会对它们想太多。 【详解】so…that 引导结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于”。常用的结构是 “so+形容词/副词+thar”。例如： Everything happened I had no time to think. 所有的事情都发生得大快了，以至于我都没有时间去思考。 It is we cannot see clearly． 天太黑了，以至于我们看不清楚。 知识点2：They have special plates so that their food doesn't float away。他们使用特殊的盘子，以便他们的食物不会飘走。 【详解】so that 引导目的状语从句，意为“为了，以便”。例如： Tom studies very hard he can pass the test. 汤姆为了能够通过考试学习非常努力。 I have to start off early every day I can catch the train. 我每天都要很早出发，以便能够赶上火车。 知识点3：Astronauts tie themselves to the wall so that they don't float around when they are sleeping.宇航员将他们自己固定在墙上，以便睡着时不会四处飘移。 【详解】 tie...to…意为“把…系、拴、捆在…上”。例如： He one of the trees near the canal just now. 他刚才把狗拴在运河边的一棵树上。 知识点4：He sent a message to his own planet and got ready to land. 他给自己的星球发了一条信息，并准备着陆。 【详解】get ready to 意为“准备好”to 是不定式符号，其后跟动词原形。 其与 get ready for 是同义短语，但介词 for 后通常接名词或代词。 It is time to go to school. 是准备上学的时候了。 He was busy ready for his speech他正忙于准备他的演讲。 知识点5：Suddenly, Billy and Oscar heard an unusual noise. 突然，比利和奥斯卡听到了一种不寻常的声音。 【详解】noise 是名词，意为“噪音;声音” There was a great noise over there. 那里有很大的噪音。 辨析noise，sound 与 voice noise 意为“噪音：声音“，通常指不悦耳的、不和谐的或令人讨厌的声音 sound 含义最广,泛指一切可以听到的“声音” voice 意为“嗓音°,指说话和唱歌的声音，也可以指鸟鸣声 There was a noise outside the classroom. The physics teacher had to raise his , " Light travels much faster than ."教室外一片嚐杂声。物理老师不得不提高了声音说：“光的传播速度比声音快得多。 链接中考(甘肃平凉中考) The boy didn't sleep well last night because of the _____ from the factory. A. voice B. noise C. music D. song 知识点6：I am alone, but I will find the strongest creature and control it. 我独自一人，但我将找到最强大的生物并控制它。 【详解】alone 是形容词，意为“单独的，独自的”。还可用作副词，意为“独自”。 Her parents were dead and she was alone.她父母双亡，只留下地独自一人。 辨析alone与lonely alone 可作形容词或副词，表示”(客观上的)单独，独自”，不含感情色彩。alone 不能用 very 修饰 lonely 只能作形容词，表示“(感情上的)孤独的，寂寞的”，有浓厚的感情色彩,可作定语和表语 The old man lives , but he doesn't feel .那位老人独自居住，但他并不感到孤独。 (贵州安顺中考) His grandparents live _____ in a small house, but they don't feel _____ . A. lonely; alone B. alone; lonely C. lonely; lonely D. alone；alone 知识点7：The air was fresh on this planet but he didn't take off his spacesuit. 这颗星球上的空气是新鲜的，但他没有脱下他的航天服。 【详解】take off 意力“脱去：去掉” off your clothes. They are wet. 脱掉你的衣服。它们都湿了。 【小贴士】take off还可意为“起飞”。 The plane takes at five o'clock. 飞机在5点钟起飞。 知识点8：He picked up a metal object with his teeth.它用牙齿捡起了一块金属物体。 【详解】pick up意为“拾起，捡起”。pick 是动词,up是副词，代词作宾语时应置于 pick 与up 之同。 Your pen is on the floor. Pick it up.你的钢笔在地上。把它检起来。 （贵州安顺中考） ——Look! What's on the ground? ——Oh，it's my sweater. Please _____ . A. pick it up B. put it on C. give it out D. take it off 知识点9：The unlucky captain was dead. 不幸的船长死了。 【详解】unlucky 是形容词，意为“不幸的”，是在lucky 前加前级un-构成的派生词。形容词加前缀 un-，表示相反的意思。 successful(成功的）— （不成功的） common(普通的）— (不普通的） pleasant(愉快的）— (令人不快的） usual(平常的）— (不常见的） important(重要的）— （不重要的） 知识点10："My classmates and I were really excited to learn that you were not only the first Chinese woman in space but also the youngest astronaut from China. 得知你不仅是中国第一位进入太空的女宇航员,而且是中国最年轻的宇航员，我和我的同学们感到非常兴奋。 【详解】be excited to do sth. 意为“对做某事感到兴奋” I travel there by plane.我对乘飞机去那里旅游感到兴奋。 【知识拓展】 be excited about 意为“对⋯…感到兴奋” He was excited going to school. 去上学令他兴奋。 The children were excited about their presents.孩子们对打开礼物感到兴奋不已。 辨析excited 与 exciting excited (感到)兴奋澈动的°，通常用来修饰人 exciting “令人兴奋激动的”，通常用来修饰物 Are you about going to Hong Kong？ 你要去香港了,感到激动吗？ It's an movie. 这是一部激动人心的电影。 知识点11：That makes me admire you very much.那使我非常钦佩你。 【详解】admire 是及物动词，意为“钦佩，赞赏”,后接名词或代词。admire sb. for. ..意为“佩服某人的… I him for his courage. 我钦佩他的勇气。 【知识拓展】 admire 还可意为“欣賞”。 We stopped and the beautiful scenery.我们停下来欣賞美景。 知识点12：Life at school is busy, but once I get home, I like reading books, especially books about physics and chemistry. 在学校的生活是繁忙的，但我一到家，我就喜欢读书，尤其是关于物理和化学的书。 【详解】once 是连词，意为“一…就;一旦”，用于引导时间状语从句，相当于 as soon as。在含有 once 引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句中，从句要用一般现在时代替一般将来时。 you begin, you must continue.一旦开始，你就必须继续下去。 知识点13：When I read them, I imagine that I'm an astronaut and I'm on a space mission. 当我读它们的时候，我设想我是一名宇航员，我在执行太空飞行任务。 【详解】imagine 是及物动词，意为“想象，设想”，后接名词、动名词或宾语从句。 Can you imagine life electricity? 你能想象没有电的生活吗？ 【知识拓展】 imagine 的常见用法： ①imagine + n. / doing Can you imagine on the Moon? 你能想象生活在月球上吗？ ②imagine+宾语从句 Close your eyes and imagine you are in a forest. 闭上眼睛，设想自己在森林里。 知识点14：I want to be an astronaut in the future, too.将来我也想当一名宇航员。 【详解】in the future 意为“将来;未来”。 No one knows what he will look like in the future没有人知道他將来长什么样子。 辨析in the future 与 in future in the future 意为“特来，未来”，,指较远的将来 in future 意为“今后，从此以后”，指不久以后，相当于 from now on Do you know what will happen ?你知道将来会发生什么吗？ I hope you'll be more careful .我希望你今后更仔细一些。 知识点15：It must be very exciting to live in space.在太空生活一定是令人兴奋的。 【详解】must be 意为“一定是”。情态动词must 除表示“必领”外，还表示推断,通常与 be连用,意为“一定是，准是”。must 这种表推测的用法只用于肯定句中，通常指有根据的、比较有把握的推测。 He must be ill. He looks so pale. 他肯定是病了。他脸色那么苍白。 【知识拓展】 may 暗含的可能性较小；must 暗 含的可能性我大。若表示“不可能”用can't。can't be意为“不可能是”，表示有把握的否定推测。 The baby can't be ill. He is so active.那个婴儿不可能生病了，他那么活跃。 （湖北武汉中考) ——I still haven't found my pet dog. ——I'm sorry to hear that. You _____ be very sad. A. can B. should C. must D. will 知识点16：1'm looking forward to your reply.我盼望着你的回信。 【详解】look forward to 意为“期待，盼望”，其中to是介词，后面跟名词、代词或动词的-ing 形式作宾语， 不跟动词不定式。 I'm forward to the weekend. 我盼着过周末呢。 I'm looking forward to with you.我一直期盼着能和你一起工作。 二、语法点清单 状语从句 引导 状语从句 时间状语从句 （主将从现、 主过从过） when/while/as当...时候 I was sleeping when she came in. I was sleeping while she was running. I will tell her the news when she comes to see me next week. after在...之后 I went to bed after I finished my homework. before在...之前 I finished my homework before I went to bed. as soon as一...就... I’ll call you up as soon as I arrive in Beijing. until直到...为止 I won’t go home until ten o’clock. (not...until) since自...以来 I have had it since I was ten years old. ha 地点状语从句 where Where there is a will,there is a way. Wherever you go,home is the best. wherever 原因状语从句 Because/as/since I was late for school this morning because I stayed up late last night. 比较状语从句 than比 I’m taller than you. as...as...与...一样 I am as tall as you. not as/so...as...不如 English is not as/so difficult as Math. 让步状语从句 although/though/while/even if/even though Although/Though/Even if/Even though he has a cold,he still goes to school. 条件状语从句 （主将从现、 主情从现、 主祈从现） if如果 We will stay at home tomorrow if it is rainy. unless除非 You will fail unless you work hard. as/so long as只要 You will get good grades as long as you study hard. 方式状语从句 as像/与...一样 We did as he told us. as if/as though好像 It seems as if it is going to rain. 目的状语从句 in order to/that目的是.../为了... I saved my money in order to buy a bike. I saved my money in order that I can buy a bike. I saved my money so that I can buy a bike. so that/so以便 结果状语从句 so/such...that...如此...以致于... It was so cold that we don’t want to go outside. It was such a cold day that we don’t want to go outside. 1．（2024·内蒙古呼和浩特·二模）My best friend is ________ a careful girl that she made ________ mistakes in her last exam. A．so; so little B．so; such little C．such; such few D．such; so few 2．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·三模）—Excuse me, do you know when Tom ________ tomorrow? —Sorry, I don’t know the exact time. When he ________ here, I will call you. A．will arrive; gets B．will arrive; will get C．arrives; will get 3．（2024·安徽宿州·二模）Li Tao is clever enough to help his elder sister’s lessons ______ he’s a schoolboy now. A．although B．after C．while D．since 4．（2024·河北衡水·一模）—Jack, how about going hiking tomorrow? —OK, ________ it rains heavily. A．unless B．until C．while D．if 5．（23-24九年级上·江苏宿迁·期末）—I think Paul is ________ a careful person that he seldom makes mistakes. —But this time he did. He was ________ nervous that he made a tiny mistake. A．so; such B．very; too C．quite; very D．such; so 6．（2023·湖北十堰·三模）—When shall we go and play basketball? —Not until the work ________ tomorrow. A．is finished B．have finished C．will be finished D．will finish 7．（2023·安徽六安·二模）—Labor（劳动）education is important for students’ development. —Yes. ________ schools put it into practice, students will be more independent and helpful. A．While B．Unless C．If D．And 8．（2023·江苏徐州·三模）You’d better ask others for advice ________ you made the final decision. A．unless B．because C．until D．before 9．（2023·云南昆明·三模）______ life is full of ups and downs, we still should face it with hope and courage. A．As long as B．Even though C．As soon as D．In order to 10．（2023·湖北十堰·二模）— Does Tom like running? — Yes. He keeps running every day ________ he can get the first place at the sports meeting. A．such that B．so that C．and to D．in order to 三、写作清单 本单元的主题是“太空”,写作任务是给自己最喜欢的宇航员写一封信。常见的写作话题有:①给自己最喜欢的宇航员写一封信;②根据所给提示信息介绍一位宇航员;③介绍未来的太空生活。 　　中考文段表达中和该话题有关的命题形式有很多,通常以记叙文、说明文或应用文的形式出现,常见的应用文种类有回复邮件或信件、给校报投稿等。 写作实例 中国航天日(Space Day of China),是为纪念中国航天事业取得的成就、向宇航员致敬的日子。你校英文报社开展了主题为“A Letter to Astronauts”的征文活动,假如你是李华,请你用英文写一篇不少于50词的短文投稿,说明写信的原因,询问太空站的生活如何,并说明自己对太空的看法。 提示词语:admiration, space station 　　内容提示:·Why do you write the letter? ·What questions do you want to ask astronauts? ·What are your ideas about space? Dear astronauts, 　　I'm Li Hua, a middle school student in Beijing.　 Yours, Li Hua 审题指导 1.体裁:应用文    2.时态:以一般现在时为主    3.人称:以第一人称为主 4.必备词句: （1）make attempts to do sth.尝试做某事（2）pay off成功;奏效  （3）thanks to由于（4）take action采取行动（5）inspire sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事（6）take over接替（7）make up one's mind to do sth.下定决心做某事（8）put forward提出（9）put sth. into practice将某事付诸实践　（10）have a hard time doing sth.做某事有困难   （11）carry out执行（12）come up即将到来　（13）heroic deeds英勇事迹    （14）be curious about...对……感到好奇（15）as for至于;关于　（16）one day有朝一日　（17）thank sb. for... 因……感谢某人 （18）There is no doubt that space exploration has produced many benefits for humanity, with significant contributions to the fields of science and technology.毫无疑问,太空探索为人类带来了许多好处,对科学和技术领域做出了重大贡献。 （19）It's hard to balance one's studies and personal interests, but they have found a way to do it.在学业和个人兴趣之间找到平衡是很困难的,但他们找到了办法。 （20）With Space Day of China coming up, I'm writing to express my sincere respect and admiration for you.中国航天日即将到来,我写这封信是为了表达我对你真诚的尊重和钦佩。 （21）It holds countless secrets waiting to be discovered.它隐藏着无数等待被发现的秘密。 优秀范文 Dear astronauts, I'm Li Hua, a middle school student in Beijing. With Space Day of China coming up, I'm writing to express my sincere respect and admiration for you. Your heroic deeds in space have always inspired me.I'm really curious about your life on the space station. How did you sleep and eat there? Was it very different from life on Earth? As for space, I think it is a mysterious and boundless place. It holds countless secrets waiting to be discovered. I will study hard so that I could explore it like you one day. Thank you again for your contributions. Looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 写作实战 　　随着我国航天技术的发展和进步,实行太空移民可能不再是梦。请你用英语写一篇短文,谈谈对未来太空生活的畅想。不少于50词。 　　提示词语:robot, spaceship, solar power 　　内容提示:What will life be like in space? Space life in the future I would like to introduce the space life in the future. 1 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit4 Space 单词 Getting Ready 1. v. 盘旋，环行 circle 2. adj. 国际的 international 3. v. 提起 n. 电梯 lift 4. adj. 载人的；有人控制的，需人操作的 manned *5. n. 航天器，宇宙飞船 spacecraft *6. n. 航行，飞行 flight 7. n. 宇宙飞船 spaceship 8. adj. 无 人 的 ； 无 人 控 制 的unmanned 9. n. 行星 planet Lesson 10 *10. n. 重力，地球引力 gravity *11.v. 浮动，漂浮 float 12. n. 行动 action 13. v. (用绳、线等)系，拴，绑 tie 14. v. 升起；提高 rise 15. v. 落下；放置 set *16. n. 闹钟 alarm *17. n. 肌肉 muscle Lesson 11 *18. v. 发射；发起 n.(航天器的)发射launch *19. n. 人造卫星 satellite 20. n. 成就,成绩 achievement *21. adv. 简短地；短暂地 briefly *22. adj. 女性的female *23. v. 进步；前进 advance *24. n. 努力 effort *25. n. 公民, 市民 citizen Lesson 12 *26. n. 外星人 adj. 外国的； 外星的alien 27. adj. 未知的,不详的 unknown *28. n. 船长；机长 captain 29. n. 航天服，宇航服 spacesuit 30. adj. 不舒服的 uncomfortable 31. v. 挑选；摘pick 32. adj. 不幸的 unlucky *33. v. 攻击attack 34. n. 地球；世界 Earth Communication Workshop *35. v. 钦佩，赞赏 admire 36. conj. —……就 once 37. n. 物理学 physics 38. n. 化学 chemistry *39. n. 太空飞行任务 mission 40. v. 实现；意识到 realise *41. adv. 忠诚地 faithfully 短语 1.international space station 国际空间站 2.lift off 发射，升空 3.hang in the air 悬在空中 4.instead of 代替，而不是 5.tie...to…把⋯⋯系、拴、捆在…上 6.thank you for. 感谢你 7.get plenty of rest 获得充分的休息 8.make great achievements 取得巨大成就 9.do science experiments 做科学实验 10.put all of one's efforts 倾尽某人所有的努力 11.connect to the Internet 连接到互联网 12.take off 脱去；去掉短 13.get ready to do sth. 准备好做某事 14.hit sb. on the head 击打某人的头部 15.make sb. do sth． 让某人做某事 16.pick up 拾起，捡起 17.run across 跑过；穿过 18.look forward to 期待着… 19.space flight太空飞行 20.role model榜样 句型 1. These daily actions are so common that you don't think about them much.这些日常行为是如此平常，以至于我们不会对它们想太多。 2. There is no gravity there, so weights are not as heavy as they are on Earth. 那里没有重力，所以（太空中物体的）重量不会和地球上一样重。 3. They have special plates so that their food doesn't float away．他们使用特殊的盘子以便他们的食物不会飘走。 4. Dr Wang, thank you for talking with us. 王博士，感谢您和我们对话。 5. Something was wrong． 某个东西出现故障了 。 6. My classmates and I were really excited to learn that you were not only the first Chinese woman in space but also the youngest astronaut from China.得知您不仅是中国第一位进人太空的女宇航员，而且还是中国最年轻的宇航员时，我和我的同学们真的很激动。 语法 So...that，so that状语从句 (Adverbial clause) 一、知识点清单 知识点1：These daily actions are so common that you don't think about them much. 这些日常行为是如此平常，以至于我们不会对它们想太多。 【详解】so…that 引导结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于”。常用的结构是 “so+形容词/副词+thar”。例如： Everything happened so quickly that I had no time to think. 所有的事情都发生得大快了，以至于我都没有时间去思考。 It is so dark that we cannot see clearly． 天太黑了，以至于我们看不清楚。 知识点2：They have special plates so that their food doesn't float away。他们使用特殊的盘子，以便他们的食物不会飘走。 【详解】so that 引导目的状语从句，意为“为了，以便”。例如： Tom studies very hard so that he can pass the test. 汤姆为了能够通过考试学习非常努力。 I have to start off early every day so that I can catch the train. 我每天都要很早出发，以便能够赶上火车。 知识点3：Astronauts tie themselves to the wall so that they don't float around when they are sleeping.宇航员将他们自己固定在墙上，以便睡着时不会四处飘移。 【详解】 tie...to…意为“把…系、拴、捆在…上”。例如： He tied the dog to one of the trees near the canal just now. 他刚才把狗拴在运河边的一棵树上。 知识点4：He sent a message to his own planet and got ready to land. 他给自己的星球发了一条信息，并准备着陆。 【详解】get ready to 意为“准备好”to 是不定式符号，其后跟动词原形。 其与 get ready for 是同义短语，但介词 for 后通常接名词或代词。 It is time to get ready to go to school. 是准备上学的时候了。 He was busy getting ready for his speech他正忙于准备他的演讲。 知识点5：Suddenly, Billy and Oscar heard an unusual noise. 突然，比利和奥斯卡听到了一种不寻常的声音。 【详解】noise 是名词，意为“噪音;声音” There was a great noise over there. 那里有很大的噪音。 辨析noise，sound 与 voice noise 意为“噪音：声音“，通常指不悦耳的、不和谐的或令人讨厌的声音 sound 含义最广,泛指一切可以听到的“声音” voice 意为“嗓音°,指说话和唱歌的声音，也可以指鸟鸣声 There was a loud noise outside the classroom. The physics teacher had to raise his voice, " Light travels much faster than sound."教室外一片嚐杂声。物理老师不得不提高了声音说：“光的传播速度比声音快得多。 链接中考(甘肃平凉中考) The boy didn't sleep well last night because of the _____ from the factory. A. voice B. noise C. music D. song 解析：voice 意为“嗓 音”，指人说话或唱歌时发出的声音;noise 意为“噪音”，指人们不愿听到的杂音或吵闻声;music意为“音乐";song意为“歌曲”。结合句意“这个男孩儿昨晚没睡好是因为工厂的噪音。”可知选B。 知识点6：I am alone, but I will find the strongest creature and control it. 我独自一人，但我将找到最强大的生物并控制它。 【详解】alone 是形容词，意为“单独的，独自的”。还可用作副词，意为“独自”。 Her parents were dead and she was alone.她父母双亡，只留下地独自一人。 辨析alone与lonely alone 可作形容词或副词，表示”(客观上的)单独，独自”，不含感情色彩。alone 不能用 very 修饰 lonely 只能作形容词，表示“(感情上的)孤独的，寂寞的”，有浓厚的感情色彩,可作定语和表语 The old man lives alone, but he doesn't feel lonely.那位老人独自居住，但他并不感到孤独。 (贵州安顺中考) His grandparents live _____ in a small house, but they don't feel _____ . A. lonely; alone B. alone; lonely C. lonely; lonely D. alone；alone 解析：alone 在此处是副词，意为“独自”，修饰 live;而lonely是形容词，意为“孤独的”句意：他的爷爷奶奶独自佳在一个小房子里,但是他们并不觉得孤独。B 知识点7：The air was fresh on this planet but he didn't take off his spacesuit. 这颗星球上的空气是新鲜的，但他没有脱下他的航天服。 【详解】take off 意力“脱去：去掉” Take off your clothes. They are wet. 脱掉你的衣服。它们都湿了。 【小贴士】take off还可意为“起飞”。 The plane takes off at five o'clock. 飞机在5点钟起飞。 知识点8：He picked up a metal object with his teeth.它用牙齿捡起了一块金属物体。 【详解】pick up意为“拾起，捡起”。pick 是动词,up是副词，代词作宾语时应置于 pick 与up 之同。 Your pen is on the floor. Pick it up.你的钢笔在地上。把它检起来。 （贵州安顺中考） ——Look! What's on the ground? ——Oh，it's my sweater. Please _____ . A. pick it up B. put it on C. give it out D. take it off 解析：pick up 意为“捡起”;put on 意为“穿上”;give out 意为“分发”;take off 意为“起飞;脱下”。句意：“看！地上是什么？”“噢，是我的毛衣。请把它捡起来。”根据各选项含义及句意可知选A。 知识点9：The unlucky captain was dead. 不幸的船长死了。 【详解】unlucky 是形容词，意为“不幸的”，是在lucky 前加前级un-构成的派生词。形容词加前缀 un-，表示相反的意思。 successful(成功的）—unsuccessful（不成功的） common(普通的）—uncommon(不普通的） pleasant(愉快的）—unpleasant(令人不快的） usual(平常的）—unusual(不常见的） important(重要的）—unimportant（不重要的） 知识点10："My classmates and I were really excited to learn that you were not only the first Chinese woman in space but also the youngest astronaut from China. 得知你不仅是中国第一位进入太空的女宇航员,而且是中国最年轻的宇航员，我和我的同学们感到非常兴奋。 【详解】be excited to do sth. 意为“对做某事感到兴奋” I was excited to travel there by plane.我对乘飞机去那里旅游感到兴奋。 【知识拓展】 be excited about 意为“对⋯…感到兴奋” He was excited about going to school. 去上学令他兴奋。 The children were excited about opening their presents.孩子们对打开礼物感到兴奋不已。 辨析excited 与 exciting excited (感到)兴奋澈动的°，通常用来修饰人 exciting “令人兴奋激动的”，通常用来修饰物 Are you excited about going to Hong Kong？ 你要去香港了,感到激动吗？ It's an exciting movie. 这是一部激动人心的电影。 知识点11：That makes me admire you very much.那使我非常钦佩你。 【详解】admire 是及物动词，意为“钦佩，赞赏”,后接名词或代词。admire sb. for. ..意为“佩服某人的… I admired him for his courage. 我钦佩他的勇气。 【知识拓展】 admire 还可意为“欣賞”。 We stopped and admired the beautiful scenery.我们停下来欣賞美景。 知识点12：Life at school is busy, but once I get home, I like reading books, especially books about physics and chemistry. 在学校的生活是繁忙的，但我一到家，我就喜欢读书，尤其是关于物理和化学的书。 【详解】once 是连词，意为“一…就;一旦”，用于引导时间状语从句，相当于 as soon as。在含有 once 引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句中，从句要用一般现在时代替一般将来时。 Once you begin, you must continue.一旦开始，你就必须继续下去。 知识点13：When I read them, I imagine that I'm an astronaut and I'm on a space mission. 当我读它们的时候，我设想我是一名宇航员，我在执行太空飞行任务。 【详解】imagine 是及物动词，意为“想象，设想”，后接名词、动名词或宾语从句。 Can you imagine life without electricity? 你能想象没有电的生活吗？ 【知识拓展】 imagine 的常见用法： ①imagine + n. / doing Can you imagine living on the Moon? 你能想象生活在月球上吗？ ②imagine+宾语从句 Close your eyes and imagine that you are in a forest. 闭上眼睛，设想自己在森林里。 知识点14：I want to be an astronaut in the future, too.将来我也想当一名宇航员。 【详解】in the future 意为“将来;未来”。 No one knows what he will look like in the future没有人知道他將来长什么样子。 辨析in the future 与 in future in the future 意为“特来，未来”，,指较远的将来 in future 意为“今后，从此以后”，指不久以后，相当于 from now on Do you know what will happen in the future?你知道将来会发生什么吗？ I hope you'll be more careful in future.我希望你今后更仔细一些。 知识点15：It must be very exciting to live in space.在太空生活一定是令人兴奋的。 【详解】must be 意为“一定是”。情态动词must 除表示“必领”外，还表示推断,通常与 be连用,意为“一定是，准是”。must 这种表推测的用法只用于肯定句中，通常指有根据的、比较有把握的推测。 He must be ill. He looks so pale. 他肯定是病了。他脸色那么苍白。 【知识拓展】 may 暗含的可能性较小；must 暗 含的可能性我大。若表示“不可能”用can't。can't be意为“不可能是”，表示有把握的否定推测。 The baby can't be ill. He is so active.那个婴儿不可能生病了，他那么活跃。 （湖北武汉中考) ——I still haven't found my pet dog. ——I'm sorry to hear that. You _____ be very sad. A. can B. should C. must D. will 解析:can 意为“能”;should 意为“应该”，must意为“一定”;will 意为“将;会”。由第一句句意“我仍然没有找到我的宠物狗”可推知空格所在句句意为“你(现在）一定很伤心”。C 知识点16：1'm looking forward to your reply.我盼望着你的回信。 【详解】look forward to 意为“期待，盼望”，其中to是介词，后面跟名词、代词或动词的-ing 形式作宾语， 不跟动词不定式。 I'm looking forward to the weekend. 我盼着过周末呢。 I'm looking forward to working with you.我一直期盼着能和你一起工作。 二、语法点清单 状语从句 引导 状语从句 时间状语从句 （主将从现、 主过从过） when/while/as当...时候 I was sleeping when she came in. I was sleeping while she was running. I will tell her the news when she comes to see me next week. after在...之后 I went to bed after I finished my homework. before在...之前 I finished my homework before I went to bed. as soon as一...就... I’ll call you up as soon as I arrive in Beijing. until直到...为止 I won’t go home until ten o’clock. (not...until) since自...以来 I have had it since I was ten years old. ha 地点状语从句 where Where there is a will,there is a way. Wherever you go,home is the best. wherever 原因状语从句 Because/as/since I was late for school this morning because I stayed up late last night. 比较状语从句 than比 I’m taller than you. as...as...与...一样 I am as tall as you. not as/so...as...不如 English is not as/so difficult as Math. 让步状语从句 although/though/while/even if/even though Although/Though/Even if/Even though he has a cold,he still goes to school. 条件状语从句 （主将从现、 主情从现、 主祈从现） if如果 We will stay at home tomorrow if it is rainy. unless除非 You will fail unless you work hard. as/so long as只要 You will get good grades as long as you study hard. 方式状语从句 as像/与...一样 We did as he told us. as if/as though好像 It seems as if it is going to rain. 目的状语从句 in order to/that目的是.../为了... I saved my money in order to buy a bike. I saved my money in order that I can buy a bike. I saved my money so that I can buy a bike. so that/so以便 结果状语从句 so/such...that...如此...以致于... It was so cold that we don’t want to go outside. It was such a cold day that we don’t want to go outside. 1．（2024·内蒙古呼和浩特·二模）My best friend is ________ a careful girl that she made ________ mistakes in her last exam. A．so; so little B．so; such little C．such; such few D．such; so few 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我的好朋友是个非常细心的女孩，在上次考试中她几乎没犯什么错误。 考查such...that引导的结果状语从句及few的用法。so+形容词+that从句，表示“如此……以至于……”；such+a/an+形容词+名词单数+that从句，表示“如此一个……以至于……”。girl是名词单数，用such...that引导结果状语从句，排除AB；little很少，修饰不可数名词；few很少，修饰可数名词复数，表示否定意义。so few+可数名词复数，排除C，故选D。 2．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·三模）—Excuse me, do you know when Tom ________ tomorrow? —Sorry, I don’t know the exact time. When he ________ here, I will call you. A．will arrive; gets B．will arrive; will get C．arrives; will get 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——打扰一下，你知道汤姆明天将在什么时候到吗？ ——对不起，我不知道确切的时间。当他到了这里我就给你打电话。 考查动词时态。第一句为宾语从句，主句时态为一般现在时，根据“tomorrow”可知，从句应用一般将来时will do结构，排除C；答句为when引导的时间状语从句，符合“主将从现”原则，从句为一般现在时，主语he为第三人称单数，谓语动词get应用三单形式gets，排除B。故选A。 3．（2024·安徽宿州·二模）Li Tao is clever enough to help his elder sister’s lessons ______ he’s a schoolboy now. A．although B．after C．while D．since 【答案】A 【详解】句意：尽管林涛现在是一个小学生，他足够聪明能帮助他姐姐完成功课。 考查连词辨析。although尽管；after在……之后；while当……时；since自从。根据“Li Tao is clever enough to help his elder sister’s lessons ...he’s a schoolboy now.”可知空前后有让步关系，尽管是小学生，但是能帮助姐姐做功课。故选A。 4．（2024·河北衡水·一模）—Jack, how about going hiking tomorrow? —OK, ________ it rains heavily. A．unless B．until C．while D．if 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——杰克，明天去远足怎么样？——好的，除非下大雨。 考查连词词义辨析。unless除非，引导条件状语从句；until直到，引导时间状语从句；while当……时候，引导时间状语从句；if如果，引导条件状语从句。根据“...it rains heavily”可知，是一个条件状语从句，意思是“下大雨就不去了”，空格处表示“除非”，故选A。 5．（23-24九年级上·江苏宿迁·期末）—I think Paul is ________ a careful person that he seldom makes mistakes. —But this time he did. He was ________ nervous that he made a tiny mistake. A．so; such B．very; too C．quite; very D．such; so 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我认为保罗是一个非常细心的人，他很少犯错误。  ——但这次他犯错了。他太紧张了，以致犯了一个小错误。 考查副词词义辨析和固定句型。so那么，修饰形容词或副词；such那么，修饰形容词和名词构成的名词短语；very很，修饰形容词或副词，置于不定冠词a或an后面；too太，修饰形容词或副词；quite非常，修饰形容词或副词，置于不定冠词a或an前面；such/so...that...如此……以至于……。第一空“a careful person”为形容词和名词构成的名词短语，且由句中“that he seldom makes mistakes”可知，此处用such....that...，表示保罗是如此细心的一个人，以至于很少犯错误；第二空“nervous”为形容词，且由“that he made a tiny mistake”可知，此句是说他如此紧张，以至于犯了一个小错误，应用so...that...。故选D。 6．（2023·湖北十堰·三模）—When shall we go and play basketball? —Not until the work ________ tomorrow. A．is finished B．have finished C．will be finished D．will finish 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我们将什么时候去打篮球？——直到明天工作被完成。 考查主将从现。分析答语可知句子为含有until引导时间状语从句的复合句，遵循“主将从现”的原则，此处从句时态为一般现在时，而主语work和谓语动词finish之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，其谓语结构为“be+done”，故选A。 7．（2023·安徽六安·二模）—Labor（劳动）education is important for students’ development. —Yes. ________ schools put it into practice, students will be more independent and helpful. A．While B．Unless C．If D．And 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——劳动教育对学生的发展是很重要的。——是的。如果学校把它付诸实践，学生会更加独立和乐于助人。 考查连词用法。While当……时；Unless除非；If如果；And和。根据“schools put it into practice, students will be more independent and helpful.”可知，句子前后是条件关系，则应用连词if。故选C。 8．（2023·江苏徐州·三模）You’d better ask others for advice ________ you made the final decision. A．unless B．because C．until D．before 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在你做最后决定之前，你最好向父母征求一些建议。 考查连词辨析。because因为，引导原因状语从句；unless除非，引导条件状语从句；until直到，引导时间状语从句；before在……之前，引导时间状语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处是时间状语从句，空处表示“在……之前”。故选C。 9．（2023·云南昆明·三模）______ life is full of ups and downs, we still should face it with hope and courage. A．As long as B．Even though C．As soon as D．In order to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：即使生活充满了起起落落，我们仍然应该满怀希望和勇气面对它。 考查短语辨析。As long as只要； Even though即使；As soon as一……就；In order to为了。根据“... life is full of ups and downs, we still should face it with hope and courage.”可知“生活充满了起起落落”表示让步，用Even though引导让步状语从句。故选B。 10．（2023·湖北十堰·二模）— Does Tom like running? — Yes. He keeps running every day ________ he can get the first place at the sports meeting. A．such that B．so that C．and to D．in order to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——汤姆喜欢跑步吗？——是的。他每天坚持跑步，以便在运动会上获得第一名。 考查连词。such that以至于、结果是，表示某种情况或条件的结果，其后接的是结果状语从句；so that以便，为了，引导目的状语从句；and to和；in order to为了，表目的，后面接动词短语。根据“He keeps running every day”和“he can get the first place at the sports meeting”可知，Tom每天都在跑步，目的是为了在运动会上获得第一名，空处表目的，so that 符合题意。故选B。 三、写作清单 本单元的主题是“太空”,写作任务是给自己最喜欢的宇航员写一封信。常见的写作话题有:①给自己最喜欢的宇航员写一封信;②根据所给提示信息介绍一位宇航员;③介绍未来的太空生活。 　　中考文段表达中和该话题有关的命题形式有很多,通常以记叙文、说明文或应用文的形式出现,常见的应用文种类有回复邮件或信件、给校报投稿等。 写作实例 中国航天日(Space Day of China),是为纪念中国航天事业取得的成就、向宇航员致敬的日子。你校英文报社开展了主题为“A Letter to Astronauts”的征文活动,假如你是李华,请你用英文写一篇不少于50词的短文投稿,说明写信的原因,询问太空站的生活如何,并说明自己对太空的看法。 提示词语:admiration, space station 　　内容提示:·Why do you write the letter? ·What questions do you want to ask astronauts? ·What are your ideas about space? Dear astronauts, 　　I'm Li Hua, a middle school student in Beijing.　 Yours, Li Hua 审题指导 1.体裁:应用文    2.时态:以一般现在时为主    3.人称:以第一人称为主 4.必备词句: （1）make attempts to do sth.尝试做某事（2）pay off成功;奏效  （3）thanks to由于（4）take action采取行动（5）inspire sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事（6）take over接替（7）make up one's mind to do sth.下定决心做某事（8）put forward提出（9）put sth. into practice将某事付诸实践　（10）have a hard time doing sth.做某事有困难   （11）carry out执行（12）come up即将到来　（13）heroic deeds英勇事迹    （14）be curious about...对……感到好奇（15）as for至于;关于　（16）one day有朝一日　（17）thank sb. for... 因……感谢某人 （18）There is no doubt that space exploration has produced many benefits for humanity, with significant contributions to the fields of science and technology.毫无疑问,太空探索为人类带来了许多好处,对科学和技术领域做出了重大贡献。 （19）It's hard to balance one's studies and personal interests, but they have found a way to do it.在学业和个人兴趣之间找到平衡是很困难的,但他们找到了办法。 （20）With Space Day of China coming up, I'm writing to express my sincere respect and admiration for you.中国航天日即将到来,我写这封信是为了表达我对你真诚的尊重和钦佩。 （21）It holds countless secrets waiting to be discovered.它隐藏着无数等待被发现的秘密。 优秀范文 Dear astronauts, I'm Li Hua, a middle school student in Beijing. With Space Day of China coming up, I'm writing to express my sincere respect and admiration for you. Your heroic deeds in space have always inspired me.I'm really curious about your life on the space station. How did you sleep and eat there? Was it very different from life on Earth? As for space, I think it is a mysterious and boundless place. It holds countless secrets waiting to be discovered. I will study hard so that I could explore it like you one day. Thank you again for your contributions. Looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 写作实战 　　随着我国航天技术的发展和进步,实行太空移民可能不再是梦。请你用英语写一篇短文,谈谈对未来太空生活的畅想。不少于50词。 　　提示词语:robot, spaceship, solar power 　　内容提示:What will life be like in space? Space life in the future I would like to introduce the space life in the future. Space life in the future I would like to introduce the space life in the future. In the future, the clothes we wear can detect our physical health so that we can know our health at any time. Our homes will change a lot too. We'll live in smart houses where robots will do all the housework. Therefore, we'll have much more free time to do what we love. When it comes to traveling in space, we'll fly solar-powered spaceships which are environmentally-friendly. At last, there will be much better living environment. 　　I think this kind of life is very wonderful. I'm looking forward to it. 1 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$