【黑龙江专用】Unit 3 Artificial Intelligence（Culture Understanding）-《英语 基础模块3》（高教版2023修订版）《一课一练》（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：基于中职学生英语知识能力普遍薄弱的学情特点，我们始终坚持“以生为本”的教育理念，深度融合支架式教学理论，深度解读最新的《中等职业学校英语课程标准》，匠心打造了契合职教高考命题特色的《英语 基础模块3》（高教版2023修订版）《一课一练》专辑，专辑共40练。 本卷为《英语 基础模块3》（高教版2023修订版） Unit 3 Artificial Intelligence （Culture Understanding）的课后作业。 《英语 基础模块3》（高教版2023修订版） Unit 3 Artificial Intelligence 一课一练（14） Culture Understanding 一、英汉互译（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 1.我不想过度依靠父母。 【答案】I don't want to depend too much on my parents. 【解析】考查 “want to do sth.” 结构，意为 “想要做某事”；“depend on” 是固定短语，意为 “依靠”；“too much” 修饰动词 “depend”，表示 “过度”。 2.这是阳光明媚、令人愉快的一天。 【答案】This is a sunny and pleasant day. 【解析】“sunny” 意为 “阳光明媚的”，“pleasant” 意为 “令人愉快的”，两者并列作定语修饰 “day”，符合英语中形容词修饰名词的表达习惯。 3.熟能生巧。 【答案】Practice makes perfect. 【解析】这是一句固定谚语，是英语中常用的表达，意为通过反复练习能提高技能，达到熟练的程度。 4.我们供应冷热午餐。 【答案】We serve hot and cold lunches. 【解析】“serve” 意为 “供应”，在句中作谓语；“hot and cold” 并列修饰 “lunches”，清晰表达 “冷热午餐” 的含义。 5.扫描二维码获取应用程序！ 【答案】Scan the QR code to get the app! 【解析】这是一个祈使句，以动词原形 “Scan” 开头；“to get” 为不定式作目的状语，说明扫描二维码的目的；“QR code” 意为 “二维码”，“app” 是 “application” 的缩写，意为 “应用程序”。 6.The new technology was applied to farming. 【答案】这项新技术被应用于农业。 【解析】句子使用被动语态 “was applied to”，意为 “被应用于”；“new technology” 意为 “新技术”，“farming” 意为 “农业”，准确传达句子含义。 7.His words had exactly the opposite effect. 【答案】他的话产生了完全相反的效果。 【解析】“His words” 意为 “他的话”；“had...effect” 意为 “产生…… 效果”；“exactly” 意为 “完全地”，修饰 “opposite”（相反的），强调程度。 8.You have no right to take risks with other people’s lives. 【答案】你没有权利拿别人的生命冒险。 【解析】“have no right to do sth.” 是固定短语，意为 “没有权利做某事”；“take risks with” 意为 “拿…… 冒险”；“other people’s lives” 意为 “别人的生命”。 9.Technological changes will inevitably lead to unemployment. 【答案】技术变革将不可避免地导致失业。 【解析】“Technological changes” 意为 “技术变革”；“inevitably” 意为 “不可避免地”，修饰动词短语 “lead to”（导致）；“unemployment” 意为 “失业”，是名词作宾语。 10.Thanks to mobile libraries, these people can still borrow books. 【答案】多亏了移动图书馆，这些人仍然可以借书。 【解析】“Thanks to” 是固定短语，意为 “多亏；由于”；“mobile libraries” 意为 “移动图书馆”；“borrow books” 意为 “借书”，句子清晰表达了因果关系。 二、阅读理解：阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项（共5小题，每小题1分，共5分） There is an old joke among pilots that says the ideal flight crew is a computer, a pilot and a dog. The computer's job is to fly the plane. The pilot is there to feed the dog. And the dog's job is to bite the pilot if he tries to touch the computer. Handling complex tasks to computers is not new. But recent progress in machine learning, a subfield of artificial intelligence (AI), has enabled computers to handle many problems which were previously beyond them. The result has been an AI boom, with computers moving into everything from medical diagnosis and insurance to self-driving cars. There is a problem, though: machine learning works by giving computers the ability to train themselves, which adapts their programming to the task at hand. People struggle to understand exactly how those self-written programs do what they do. When algorithms (计算程序) are doing small tasks, such as playing chess or recommending a film to watch, this “black box” problem can be safely ignored. When they are deciding who gets a loan, or how to drive a car through a crowded city, it is potentially harmful. And when things go wrong, then customers, regulators and the courts will want to know why. For some people this is a reason to hold back AI. France's digital-economy minister, Mounir Mahjoubi, has said that the government should not use any algorithm whose decisions cannot be explained. But that is an overreaction. The difficulties caused by clever computers are not unheard of. Society already has plenty of experience dealing with problematic black boxes; the most common are called human beings, who can't even figure out what's going on in a brain. In response to the weakness in humans, society has evolved a series of workable coping mechanisms, called laws, rules and regulations. Many of these can be applied to machines as well. Humans have worked with computers on complex tasks for decades. One lesson from such applications is that, wherever possible, people should supervise (监督) the machines. In that joke, lots are necessary in case something happens that is beyond the scope of artificial intelligence. As computers spread, companies and governments should ensure the first line of defense is a real person who can overrule the algorithms if necessary. AI is bound to suffer some troubles. But it also promises extraordinary benefits and the difficulties it poses are not unprecedented (无先例的). If the new black boxes prove tricky, there will be time to toughen the rules. 11. Why is the joke mentioned in Paragraph 1? A. To make people laugh. B. To predict future airplane industry. C. To introduce the latest model of airplanes. D. To raise people's awareness of computers performing complex tasks. 12. What has caused the increasing application of computers in various fields? A. The shortage of labor force. B. The rise of artificial intelligence. C. The encouragement of governments. D. The development of economy. 13. Why are some people opposed to AI according to the article? A. Black boxes always go wrong. B. AI may become too smart to be controlled by human beings. C. They don't understand how AI works. D. Computers are trying to replace human beings. 14. What does the author suggest people do with AI? A. Stop panic and welcome AI. B. Reduce the usage of algorithms. C. Supervise AI wherever possible. D. Deal with the “black box” problem. 15. What's the author's attitude towards the development of AI? A. Supportive. B. Indifferent. C. Pessimistic. D. Neutral. 【答案】11. D 12．B 13．C 14．C 15．A 【导语】本文围绕 AI（尤其是机器学习）展开，探讨了其发展使计算机能处理复杂任务并在各领域广泛应用，分析了 “黑箱” 问题（人们难以理解 AI 决策过程），提出应对方法（如人类监督），并表明 AI 虽有挑战但前景可期的观点。 【详解】 11．推理判断题。第一段的笑话提到计算机负责驾驶飞机，暗示计算机能处理复杂任务，其目的是引出 “计算机执行复杂任务” 这一话题，提高人们对该现象的关注，D 选项正确。A 选项 “让人发笑” 是笑话的表面作用，并非主要目的；B 选项 “预测未来航空业”、C 选项 “介绍最新飞机模型” 均与笑话意图无关，故选 D。 12．细节理解题。根据第三段中 “recent progress in machine learning, a subfield of artificial intelligence (AI), has enabled computers to handle many problems which were previously beyond them. The result has been an AI boom, with computers moving into everything from...” 可知，AI（尤其是机器学习）的发展使计算机能处理更多问题，从而在各领域应用增加，B 选项 “人工智能的兴起” 是主要原因。A 选项 “劳动力短缺”、C 选项 “政府鼓励”、D 选项 “经济发展” 在文中均未提及，故选 B。 13．细节理解题。根据第四段中 “People struggle to understand exactly how those self-written programs do what they do...When they are deciding who gets a loan...it is potentially harmful” 可知，一些人反对 AI 是因为他们难以理解 AI 的工作原理（即 “黑箱” 问题），C 选项正确。A 选项 “黑箱总是出错” 错误，文中说 “当出错时”，并非 “总是出错”；B 选项 “AI 太聪明而无法被控制”、D 选项 “计算机试图取代人类” 在文中均未提及，故选 C。 14．细节理解题。根据第六段中 “wherever possible, people should supervise (监督) the machines” 可知，作者建议人们尽可能监督 AI，C 选项正确。A 选项 “停止恐慌并欢迎 AI” 并非具体建议；B 选项 “减少算法使用” 文中未提及；D 选项 “处理‘黑箱’问题” 是面临的问题，而非作者建议的做法，故选 C。 15．推理判断题。最后一段提到 “AI is bound to suffer some troubles. But it also promises extraordinary benefits and the difficulties it poses are not unprecedented”，可见作者认为 AI 虽有挑战，但益处显著，对其发展持支持态度，A 选项正确。B 选项 “漠不关心”、C 选项 “悲观的”、D 选项 “中立的” 均不符合文意，故选 A。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 编写说明：基于中职学生英语知识能力普遍薄弱的学情特点，我们始终坚持“以生为本”的教育理念，深度融合支架式教学理论，深度解读最新的《中等职业学校英语课程标准》，匠心打造了契合职教高考命题特色的《英语 基础模块3》（高教版2023修订版）《一课一练》专辑，专辑共40练。 本卷为《英语 基础模块3》（高教版2023修订版） Unit 3 Artificial Intelligence （Culture Understanding）的课后作业。 《英语 基础模块3》（高教版2023修订版） Unit 3 Artificial Intelligence 一课一练（14） Culture Understanding 一、英汉互译（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 1.我不想过度依靠父母。 2.这是阳光明媚、令人愉快的一天。 3.熟能生巧。 4.我们供应冷热午餐。 5.扫描二维码获取应用程序！ 6.The new technology was applied to farming. 7.His words had exactly the opposite effect. 8.You have no right to take risks with other people’s lives. 9.Technological changes will inevitably lead to unemployment. 10.Thanks to mobile libraries, these people can still borrow books. 二、阅读理解：阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项（共5小题，每小题1分，共5分） There is an old joke among pilots that says the ideal flight crew is a computer, a pilot and a dog. The computer's job is to fly the plane. The pilot is there to feed the dog. And the dog's job is to bite the pilot if he tries to touch the computer. Handling complex tasks to computers is not new. But recent progress in machine learning, a subfield of artificial intelligence (AI), has enabled computers to handle many problems which were previously beyond them. The result has been an AI boom, with computers moving into everything from medical diagnosis and insurance to self-driving cars. There is a problem, though: machine learning works by giving computers the ability to train themselves, which adapts their programming to the task at hand. People struggle to understand exactly how those self-written programs do what they do. When algorithms (计算程序) are doing small tasks, such as playing chess or recommending a film to watch, this “black box” problem can be safely ignored. When they are deciding who gets a loan, or how to drive a car through a crowded city, it is potentially harmful. And when things go wrong, then customers, regulators and the courts will want to know why. For some people this is a reason to hold back AI. France's digital-economy minister, Mounir Mahjoubi, has said that the government should not use any algorithm whose decisions cannot be explained. But that is an overreaction. The difficulties caused by clever computers are not unheard of. Society already has plenty of experience dealing with problematic black boxes; the most common are called human beings, who can't even figure out what's going on in a brain. In response to the weakness in humans, society has evolved a series of workable coping mechanisms, called laws, rules and regulations. Many of these can be applied to machines as well. Humans have worked with computers on complex tasks for decades. One lesson from such applications is that, wherever possible, people should supervise (监督) the machines. In that joke, lots are necessary in case something happens that is beyond the scope of artificial intelligence. As computers spread, companies and governments should ensure the first line of defense is a real person who can overrule the algorithms if necessary. AI is bound to suffer some troubles. But it also promises extraordinary benefits and the difficulties it poses are not unprecedented (无先例的). If the new black boxes prove tricky, there will be time to toughen the rules. 11. Why is the joke mentioned in Paragraph 1? A. To make people laugh. B. To predict future airplane industry. C. To introduce the latest model of airplanes. D. To raise people's awareness of computers performing complex tasks. 12. What has caused the increasing application of computers in various fields? A. The shortage of labor force. B. The rise of artificial intelligence. C. The encouragement of governments. D. The development of economy. 13. Why are some people opposed to AI according to the article? A. Black boxes always go wrong. B. AI may become too smart to be controlled by human beings. C. They don't understand how AI works. D. Computers are trying to replace human beings. 14. What does the author suggest people do with AI? A. Stop panic and welcome AI. B. Reduce the usage of algorithms. C. Supervise AI wherever possible. D. Deal with the “black box” problem. 15. What's the author's attitude towards the development of AI? A. Supportive. B. Indifferent. C. Pessimistic. D. Neutral. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$