Unit 3 Safety 祈使句（单元核心语法精练）英语冀教版九年级全册

Unit 3 Safety 核心语法精练（祈使句） 目录 A考点概览·知识回顾 1 B考点夯基·专项突破 2 一、单项选择 3 二、完成句子 3 三、按要求完成句子 7 C综合攻坚·能力跃升 10 题型一 完形填空 13 题型二 短文填空 13 题型三 阅读表达 15 祈使句 （一）祈使句的肯定形式包括以下几种情况： 用法 例句 (Please+)动词原形+其他. Please sit down. 请坐。 Do+动词原形(加强语气，表“务必，一定”)+其他. Do put away your things. 务必收拾好你的东西。 Be+adj.(+其他). Be quiet. 请安静。 Let+宾语+动词原形+其他 Let’s have a rest. 让我们休息一会儿吧。 （二）祈使句的否定形式包括以下几种情况： 用法 例句 Don’t+动词原形+其他. Don’t open the window. 不要开窗户。 Let+宾语+not+动词原形+其他. =Don’t let+宾语+动词原形+其他. Let them not swim in the river.=Don’t let them swim in the river. 不要让他们在河里游泳。 Never+动词原形+其他. Never play soccer on theroad. 禁止在马路上踢足球。 No+名词/ 动名词. No smoking! 禁止吸烟！ （三）使用祈使句时需要注意的一些情况： 用法 例句 有时为了表示委婉的语气，可在句首或句尾加上please，但 please 加在句尾时，前面要用逗号隔开。 Please sit down. 请坐。 Stand up, please. 请起立。 在意思较为明显的情况下，可把谓语动词省去。 This way, please. 请这边走。 有时为了明确地向对方提出请求或发出命令，可加称呼语，但称呼语要与句子隔开。 Turn off the light, Jim. 吉姆，关灯。 某些名词、形容词或副词等后面加感叹号，也可作为祈使句使用。 Hands up! 请举手！ Taxi! 出租车！ 一、单项选择 1．—Jim, ________ read books while you are walking on the street. It’s very dangerous. —OK, thank you. A．don’t B．doesn’t C．won’t D．can’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——吉姆，在街上走路的时候不要看书。这很危险。——好的，谢谢你。 考查祈使句的否定形式。根据题干可知，叫吉姆在街上走路时不要看书，是对吉姆提出的警告，属于祈使句，通常以动词原形开头，其否定形式是在句首加“don’t”。故选A。 2．Your teachers are all friendly and helpful. Don’t ________ afraid of ________ close to them. A．/; be B．/; being C．be; being D．be; be 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你的老师都很友好和乐于助人。不要害怕靠近他们。 考查祈使句，形容词短语、动词短语和动名词作宾语。be afraid of“害怕”，祈使句用动词原形，排除AB；be close to“靠近”，of是介词，其后用动名词作宾语。故选C。 3．—Sam, ______ run in the hallways. It’s very dangerous. —Sorry, Ms. Black. A．do B．don’t C．not 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——Sam，不要在走廊里奔跑。很危险。——对不起，Black女士。 考查否定祈使句。根据“run in the hallways”可知此处应是否定祈使句，由“don’t+动词原形”构成。故选B。 4．—Let’s sing an English song here. —________ that. The kids are sleeping. Please keep quiet. A．Do B．Don’t do C．Doing D．Does 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——让我们在这里唱一首英文歌吧。——别这样做。孩子们在睡觉。请保持安静。 考查否定祈使句。根据“The kids are sleeping. Please keep quiet.”可知，对上文“Let’s sing an English song here.”的提议表示拒绝，用否定祈使句“Don’t+动词原形”，故选B。 5．__________ the animals food. It’s not good for them. A．Not feed B．Don’t feed C．Feeding D．Feed 【答案】B 【详解】句意：不要喂动物食物。这对它们不好。 考查祈使句。Feed为动词，此处空位于句首，句中“animals”和“food”都为名词，故本句为祈使句，根据“It’s not good for them”可知是不让喂动物食物，要用祈使句的否定形式，Don’t+动词原形。故选B。 6．________ worry if you ________ hungry. A．Not; are B．Don’t; will be C．Not, will be D．Don’t; are. 【答案】D 【详解】句意：如果你饿了，不要担心。 考查祈使句和条件状语从句的时态。第一空所在句子是祈使句，祈使句的否定形式是在动词原形前加Don’t，所以排除A和C选项；第二空所在句子是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来，这里从句用一般现在时，主语是you，be动词用are，所以排除B选项。故选D。 7．No ______ loudly in the museum! Please be quiet. A．talk B．talking C．talks D．talked 【答案】B 【详解】句意：博物馆禁止大声喧哗。请保持安静。 考查祈使句。英语中常用“No+动名词(-ing形式)”的结构来表达禁止。故选B。 8．Let’s ________ the Da Li this Sunday. A．go B．to go C．going D．go to 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这个星期天让我们去大理吧。 考查非谓语动词。句中Let’s是Let us的缩写，let是使役动词，let sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”，go to sp.“去某地”。故选D。 9．Ben, ________ off the tap while brushing your teeth. A．turn B．turns C．turning D．turned 【答案】A 【详解】句意：本，刷牙的时候关掉水龙头。 考查祈使句。根据“off the tap while brushing your teeth.”可知，该句为祈使句，祈使句通常以动词原形开头。故选A。 10．Growing up is not easy. ________ calm when you’re facing serious problems in life. A．Staying B．To stay C．Stay D．Stays 【答案】C 【详解】句意：长大不容易。当你面临生活中的严重问题时，要保持冷静。 考查祈使句。Staying保持，现在分词或动名词；To stay保持，动词不定式；Stay保持，动词原形；Stays保持，第三人称单数形式。分析句子结构以及选项可知，空处所在句为肯定的祈使句，以动词原形开头。故选C。 11．—Dad, have you got any advice for me before I leave for the match? —________ deep breaths if nervous, and believe in yourself! Good luck! A．Taking B．To take C．Take 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——爸爸，我去比赛前你有什么建议吗？——如果紧张就深呼吸，相信自己！祝你好运！ 考查祈使句的用法。Taking动名词或现在分词；To take动词不定式；Take动词原形。根据“...deep breaths if nervous, and believe in yourself!”可知，这是一个祈使句，空处需用动词原形开头。故选C。 12．—Dale, ________ to check your paper before you hand it in. —Sure, I will. A．remembers B．to remember C．remember 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——Dale，交卷前记得检查你的试卷。——当然，我会的。 考查祈使句。此处是对Dale提出要求，应用祈使句，以动词原形开头。故选C。 13．________ to turn off the lights when leaving the classroom. A．Remember B．To remember C．Remembered D．Remembering 【答案】A 【详解】句意：离开教室时要记得关灯。   考查祈使句。Remember记得，动词原形；To remember动词不定式；Remembered动词的过去式或过去分词；Remembering动名词或现在分词。根据句子结构可知，这里是一个祈使句，用来表达请求、命令或建议等语气，通常以动词原形开头。故选A。 14．Don’t use bad words. Be polite and _________ one another with respect. A．treats B．treat C．treating D．to treat 【答案】B 【详解】句意：不要说脏话。要有礼貌，互相尊重。 考查祈使句。分析句子可知，该句是祈使句，在祈使句中，动词需用原形treat。故选B。 15．Mary, ________ the door. Someone ________ at the door. A．open, is knocking B．opens, knows C．opens, is knocking 【答案】A 【详解】句意：玛丽，开门。有人在敲门。 考查祈使句和动词时态。根据“Mary…the door. ”可知，此处指的是让玛丽开门，句子为祈使句，动词原形开头；根据“Someone…at the door.”可知，此处强调动作正在发生，用现在进行时，其结构为am/is/are+doing。故选A。 16．Take off the wet clothes, ________ you’ll catch a cold. A．or B．so C．and D．but 【答案】A 【详解】句意：脱下湿衣服，否则你会感冒。 考查连词辨析。or否则；so所以；and和；but但是。分析“Take off the wet clothes,...you’ll catch a cold.”可知，此句是“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”结构，用or连接祈使句和负面结果。故选A。 17．Jenny, eat less rich food, ________ you’ll be healthier. A．but B．and C．or 【答案】B 【详解】句意：Jenny，少吃油腻的食物，你会更健康。 考查连词辨析。but但是，表示转折；and和，而且，表示并列或顺承；or或者，表示选择。“you’ll be healthier”和“eat less rich food”是顺承关系，应用“and”。故选B。 18．It’s raining outside. Take an umbrella, ________ you will get wet. A．and B．or C．so D．but 【答案】B 【详解】句意：外面正在下雨。带把伞，否则你会淋湿。 考查连词辨析。and和；or否则，或者；so所以；but但是。根据“Take an umbrella...you will get wet.”可知，前半句是建议带伞，后半句是未带伞的后果，即会淋湿，故此处需用表示“否则”的连词连接。故选B。 19．________ into the rock circle, and you can feel the energy from your feet move up your body. A．To walk B．Walking C．Walk 【答案】C 【详解】句意：走进岩石圈，你能感觉到能量从你的双脚上升到你的身体里。 考查祈使句。此处是结构：祈使句+and+陈述句，祈使句以动词原形开头，故选C。 20．Don’t drive after drinking, ________ you may be dangerous and fined. A．so B．but C．or D．and 【答案】C 【详解】句意：不要酒后驾车，否则你可能会陷入危险并被罚款。 考查并列连词辨析。so所以；but但是；or或者，否则；and和，又。根据“Don’t drive after drinking”和“you may be dangerous and fined”可知，面临危险和罚款是酒后驾车的负面结果，应用or表示“否则”。故选C。 二、完成句子 1．不要放弃尝试。我相信你会成功的。 Don’t . I’m sure you will succeed. 【答案】 give up trying 【详解】对比中英文可知，空处缺少“放弃尝试”；根据英文题干和汉语提示可知，此处考查give up doing sth.“放弃做某事”，动词短语；空前为“Don’t”，这里应用动词原形；try“尝试”，动词，其动名词形式为trying。故填give；up；trying。 2．下次别忘记带来你的新图画。 Don’t to bring your new picture next time. 【答案】forget 【详解】根据题干，缺少的信息为“忘记”，forget“忘记”，此处位于助动词后，动词用原形。故填forget。 3．玩耍之后不要把垃圾留在沙滩上。 Don’t rubbish on the beach after playing. 【答案】 leave behind 【详解】根据句意可知，此处表示“留下”，用动词短语“leave behind”，且“don’t”后接动词原形。故填leave；behind。 4．不要开他的玩笑，否则他会生气的。 Don’t him, or he’ll get angry. 【答案】 play/make/make jokes/jokes/fun on/about/of 【详解】根据中英文对比可知，此处缺的是“跟某人开玩笑”。“跟某人开玩笑”可以表达为play jokes on sb.，make jokes about sb.或make fun of sb.，don’t后接动词原形构成祈使句的否定式。故填play/make/make；jokes /jokes/fun；on/about/of。 5．当然，不要忘记看学校的每一场京剧表演哦！ Certainly, to watch every Beijing Opera show at school! 【答案】 don’t forget 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空格处需要翻译的是“不要忘记”，句子是否定祈使句，以don’t开头，后接动词原形；forget“忘记”。故填don’t；forget。 6．不要总是拿你的儿子和别的孩子进行比较。 Don’t always your son other children. 【答案】 compare with 【详解】compare...with...意为“把……与……相比较”，动词短语；分析句子可知，此处是祈使句的否定形式，compare用动词原形。故填compare；with。 7．请不要那么懒惰。 Please lazy. 【答案】don’t be so 【详解】此处是祈使句的否定形式，结构为don’t+动词原形；lazy是形容词，动词用be动词原形；so“这么”。故填don’t be so。 8．今日事今日毕。 (完成译句) Don’t what you can do today until tomorrow. 【答案】 put off 【详解】根据汉语提示可知，空格处需填写put off“推迟，拖延”，为动词短语；don’t为助动词否定式，后需跟动词原形。故填put；off。 9．不要把你的问题和朋友的作比较。倾听并互相支持！ Don’t your problems those of your friends. Listen and support each other! 【答案】 compare with 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，compare...with...把……和……比较，为固定短语。此处是祈使句的否定形式，Don’t后跟动词原形。故填compare；with。 10．放轻松，别担心会出错。 Relax and making mistakes. 【答案】don’t worry about 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“别担心”的表达，该句为祈使句的否定形式，助动词使用don’t，worry about意为“担心”。故填don’t worry about。 11．当你结交新朋友时，做你自己，你就会找到真正喜欢你的人。 When you make new friends, , and you’ll find those who truly like you. 【答案】 be yourself 【详解】根据中英文对照，空格处缺“做你自己”，对应英语为be yourself。此处为祈使句，用动词原形开头。故填be；yourself。 12．当你切碎西红柿时，请当心你的手指。 When you cut up the tomatoes, please your fingers. 【答案】 be careful with 【详解】根据中英文提示可知，此处使用be careful with“小心……；当心……”；句子为祈使句，以动词原形开头，故填be；careful；with。 13．如果有食物和健康饮食方面的问题，随时问我。 Please ask me about food and healthy diets. 【答案】 feel free to 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺少“随时”，feel free to do sth.“随便做某事”，是固定搭配，根据“Please”可知，此句是祈使句，所以动词用原形。故填feel；free；to。 14．如果你想要更多的信息，请及时与他们联系。 If you want much more information, please them in time. 【答案】 get in touch with 【详解】对照中英文可知，缺少“与……联系”，用动词短语get in touch with。后半句为祈使句的肯定形式，动词用原形。故填get；in；touch；with。 15．尝一尝，你会爱上这些陕西小吃的。 , and you’ll fall in love with these Shaanxi snacks. 【答案】Have a try 【详解】根据汉语提示以及英文句子的结构可知，这里考查“祈使句 + and + 陈述句”的句型，祈使句以动词原形开头。“尝一尝”have a try。故填Have a try。 三、按要求完成句子。 1．to, afraid, show, yourself, don’t, be (连词成句) . 【答案】Don’t be afraid to show yourself 【详解】根据所给词汇和标点符合可知，本句为否定祈使句。Don’t“不要”，否定祈使句的开头，句首首字母大写；be“be动词原形”，谓语；afraid“害怕的”，形容词，做表语；to无实义，构成不定式；show“展示”，动词；yourself“你自己”，反身代词，作宾语。故填Don’t be afraid to show yourself“不要害怕展示你自己”。 2．Do, with your mouth open, eat, with, not, food or, in your mouth, talk . 【答案】Do not eat with your mouth open or talk with food in your mouth/Do not talk with food in your mouth or eat with your mouth open 【详解】分析所给单词和标点可知，该句是祈使句。用“Do not”开头，后接动词原形；用“or”连接两个禁止的行为，eat with your mouth open“吃东西时张着嘴”；talk with food in your mouth“嘴里含着食物说话”。故填Do not eat with your mouth open or talk with food in your mouth/Do not talk with food in your mouth or eat with your mouth open“不要张着嘴吃东西或嘴里含着食物说话/不要嘴里含着食物说话或张开嘴吃东西”。 3．by, such heavy things, don’t, carry, yourself . 【答案】Don’t carry such heavy things by yourself 【详解】根据所给词和标点符号可知，此句是祈使句的否定形式，don’t carry作谓语；such heavy things作宾语；by yourself表示“独自”。故填Don’t carry such heavy things by yourself“不要独自搬如此重的东西”。 4．in class, the box, open, don’t . 【答案】Don’t open the box in class 【详解】本句应是否定祈使句（Don’t do sth.）。open和the box构成动宾短语open the box“打开盒子”，in class“在教室里”是介词短语，放在句尾。故填Don’t open the box in class“在课堂上别打开盒子”。 5．rubbish, the animals, don’t, to, throw . 【答案】Don’t throw rubbish to the animals 【详解】根据所给词可知，句子是祈使句的否定形式don’t+动词原形；throw rubbish to animals“向动物扔垃圾”。故填Don’t throw rubbish to animals“不要向动物扔垃圾”。 6．making, be, never, mistakes, afraid, of . 【答案】Never be afraid of making mistakes 【详解】根据说给标点可知应用否定祈使句形式，分析所给单词，never放句首，短语be afraid of放在其后，making mistakes作宾语。故答案为：Never be afraid of making mistakes“不要害怕犯错误”。 7．forget, don’t, to, best, your, do . 【答案】Don’t forget to do your best 【详解】根据所给标点及词汇可知句子为陈述句。Don’t用于构成否定的祈使句，表示“不要”，forget是动词，表示“忘记”，是句子的谓语动词。to do是动词不定式结构，在句中作宾语，说明不要忘记去做的具体事情。do one’s best表示“尽某人最大的努力”。故填Don’t forget to do your best“不要忘记尽你最大的努力”。 8．Don’t give up learning English.（改为同义句） Don’t English. 【答案】 stop learning 【详解】句意：不要放弃学英语。give up doing sth“放弃做某事”，此处可以用stop doing sth“停止做某事”来替换，句子是否定的祈使句，此处动词用原形，故填stop；learning。 9．If you move, you’ll die.（改为同义句） , or you’ll die. 【答案】 Don’t move 【详解】句意：如果你动了，你会死。此句也可以转换成祈使句形式，表示“不要动，否则你会死”。前句结构为：don’t+动词原形。故填Don’t；move。 10．Don’t shout, please.(改为同义句) , please. 【答案】 No shouting 【详解】句意：请不要大声喊叫。根据原句可知，应使用祈使句的否定形式，而表示禁止时，尤其是标语等可用“No+动名词”。故填No；shouting。 11．Shall we go to swim this afternoon? （改为同义句） swimming this afternoon, shall we? 【答案】Let’s go 【详解】句意：我们今天下午去游泳好吗？本句话还可以表示为“我们今天下午去游泳，好吗？”，英文表达为let’s引导的祈使句：Let’s go swimming this afternoon, shall we?。故填Let’s go。 12．Look at the map. (同义句转换) at the map. 【答案】 Take/Have a look 【详解】句意：看那张地图。原题干中的“Look”意为“看”，可以改为take a look或have a look；根据“Look at the map.”可知，本句是祈使句，需要动词原形；位于句首时首字母要大写。故填Take/Have；a；look。 13．Shall we go to the new zoo this weekend? to the new zoo this weekend. 【答案】Let’s go 【详解】句意：我们这个周末去新动物园好吗？根据题干的要求，需要写出原句的同义句，shall we用在问句中，多表示一起做某事的建议，等于“let’s do sth.”表示“让我们做某事”，句首首字母需要大写，故填Let’s go。 14．When you finish reading the book, just give it back to the library.（改为同义句） When you finish reading the book, just it the library. 【答案】 return to 【详解】句意：你读完这本书后，就把它还给图书馆。根据题目要求可知，give sth back to sb=return sth to sb“把某物还给某人”；故填return；to。 15．If you don’t work hard, you’ll fail the exam.（改为同义句） Work hard, or you the exam. 【答案】 will/won’t fail/pass 【详解】句意：如果你不努力学习，你会考不及格的。根据题干可知，同义句可表达为“努力学习，不然你会考试不及格/不会通过考试”；后半句时态应为一般将来时，will“会”，fail“不及格”；won’t“不会”；pass“通过”。故填will/won’t；fail/pass。 题型一 完形填空 Many years ago, a 10—year—old boy walked into a soda shop. He asked the 1 , "How much is an ice cream sundae(圣代) ?" "Fifty cents," the waitress replied. The boy 2 into his pockets, pulled out a handful of change and began counting. The waitress looked at the boy impatiently 3 , she had other customers to wait on. After counting, the boy asked the waitress again, " How much is a dish of plain(普通的) ice cream? " "Thirty-five cents, " the waitress said a little 4 Again the boy counted his coins. At last, he said, "I'II have the plain ice cream please. " He put 35 cents 5 the counter(柜台). The waitress took the coins, brought the ice cream and walked away. About ten minutes later, she returned and found the ice cream dish 6 The boy was gone. She 7 the empty dish—then she was surprised. There on the counter, next to the wet spot where the dish had been, were 15 cents. The boy had 8 money for a sundae, but he had ordered plain ice cream 9 he could leave her a tip. In a world that tells us to "get 10 we can" , every so often it's good to be reminded to "give something. away". 1．A．woman B．waitress C．waiter D．man 2．A．reached B．took C．moved D．looked 3．A．After all B．In the end C．To be honest D．At last 4．A．happily B．angrily C．patiently D．worriedly 5．A．In B．under C．on D．over 6．A．dirty B．empty C．broken D．gone 7．A．picked up B．put up C．cut up D．ate up 8．A．a lot of B．enough C．much D．a little 9．A．so B．or C．and D．but 10．A．all B．nothing C．someyhing D．any 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．B 9．A 10．A 【详解】试题分析：这篇短文主要讲述了一个小男孩到一家汽水店里买“圣代”冰激凌，他向服务员询问了价格后便在柜台前数他的零钱，随后他又询问了普通冰激凌的价格，服务员的态度有点不耐烦。然后小男孩再一次数他的零钱。最后他决定买普通的冰激凌。小男孩走后，服务员发现他有足够的钱买“圣代”冰激凌，但是他却买了普通的，多余的钱作为小费留给了服务员。 1．考查名词及语境的理解。根据下文"Fifty cents," the waitress replied.的描述可知，这里是小男孩询问女服务员“圣代”冰激凌多少钱。故选B。 2．考查动词及语境的理解。reached：伸进、够得着，took：拿，moved：移动，looked：看。根据语境，这里是指小男孩把手伸进口袋，并掏出一把零钱。故选A。 3．考查介词短语及语境的理解。After all：毕竟、终究，in the end：最终，to be honest：说实话，at last：最后。根据语境，这里是指“毕竟后面还有其他客人等着。故选A。 4．考查副词及语境的理解。Happily：开心地，angrily：生气地，patiently：耐心地，worriedly：担心地。根据前文The waitress looked at the boy impatiently.的描述可知，这里是指服务员有点生气了。故选B。 5．考查介词及语境的理解。in：在……里面，under：在……下面，on：在……上面，over：在……上空。根据语境，这里是指小男孩把钱放在柜台上。故选C。 6．考查形容词及语境的理解。dirty：脏的， empty：空的， broken ：打烂的，gone：走去的。根据下文She ---the empty dish的描述可知，这里是指服务员发现冰激凌碟子已经空了。故选B。 7．考查动词短语及语境的理解。picked up：收拾、捡起， put up ：张贴，cut up ：切开、割开，ate up：吃完。根据语境，这里是指男孩走了，服务员收拾空碟子。故选A。 8．考查形容词名词及语境的理解。联系上文的描述可知，“圣代”冰激凌50便士，普通冰激凌35便士，在柜台上碟子放过的潮湿的地方留有15便士，可知小男孩有足够的钱买”圣代“冰激凌。故选B。 9．考查连词及语境的理解。so表示顺承， or 表示选择，and表示并列， but表示转折。根据语境，这里表示顺承，即这样一来小男孩就可以给服务员一点小费。故选A。 10．考查不定代词及语境的理解。根据下文give something. away"的描述可知，这里指的是在这个信奉“雁过拔毛”的世界里。故选A。 考点：故事类短文。 题型二 短文填空 根据短文内容及所给提示，在文中的空白处填写一个正确的单词。 Traffic rules help to keep order on the road. They also help to keep people 1 (safe). The pedestrian(行人) has as many 2 (rule) to follow as the driver of a car. You should walk on the sidewalk(人行道) or at the side of the road. Always look 3 (careful) before you walk across the street. If you like riding 4 bike, don’t ride in the middle of the road or run through red traffic lights. When you ride a bike 5 a friend, don’t look around or talk. If you drive a car, you should 6 (slow) down at the traffic lights. You must always wear a seat belt(安全带). Without belts both the driver and the passenger may be 7 (bad) hurt in a sudden accident. You may not need to take a bus, but look out if you have to travel on one. Get on or get off a bus only when it 8 (come) to a stop. When it is full, don’t try to get inside, 9 you may fall over. Traffic rules are also 10 (call) road safety rules. The maxim(格言) for all road users is thinking about others. 【答案】 1．safe 2．rules 3．carefully 4．a 5．with 6．slow 7．badly 8．comes 9．or 10．called 【详解】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了交通规则有助于维持道路秩序，同时也有助于保证人们的安全。无论是行人还是驾车者都有一些规则需要遵守，以确保自己和他人的安全。 1．句意：他们也有助于保证人们的安全。根据“keep people…”可知，空处应该填写形容词作宾补，故填safe。 2．句意：行人和开车者都需要遵循许多规则。根据“many”可知，many修饰可数名词复数，故填rules。 3．句意：在穿越马路之前总是要小心看好。根据“look…”可知，修饰动词look使用副词，故填carefully。 4．句意：如果你喜欢骑自行车，不要在马路中间骑行，也不要闯红灯。根据“riding…bike”可知，ride a bike“骑自行车”，故填a。 5．句意：当你和朋友一起骑车时，不要四处张望或交谈。根据“When you ride a bike…a friend”可知，此处表示“和朋友一起”。填写介词with“和……一起”，故填with。 6．句意：如果你驾车，应该在交通信号灯处减速。情态动词should后接动词原形，故填slow。 7．句意：没有安全带驾驶员和乘客都可能在突发事故中受到严重伤害。此处修饰形容词hurt使用副词badly，故填badly。 8．句意：只在车停下来时上下车。根据“Get on or get off a bus only when it…to a stop”可知，该句是when引导的时间状语从句，从句使用一般现在时，主语是it，谓语使用动词三单形式，故填comes。 9．句意：车辆满载时，不要试图挤上去，否则你可能会摔倒。根据“When it is full, don’t try to get inside…you may fall over”可知，此处表示“否则”，故填or。 10．句意：交通规则也被称为道路安全规则。根据“Traffic rules are also…road safety rules”可知，该句是被动语态，表示“被称为”，使用结构be done，空处填写动词的过去分词，故填called。 题型三 阅读表达 阅读下文并回答问题． Playgrounds offer kids fresh air, friends, and exercise. However, each year, more than 200,000 kids go to hospital because they are hurt in one way or another when playing on the playground. So what can we do to improve the situation?        We should make sure the playground is safe for the children. It should be soft and thick enough, so when the children fall, they won't hurt too much. Things like water, rocks or broken glass might cause danger to the kids. Cleaners should check the playground from time to time and clear away these dangerous things. In fact, children themselves also need to help keep the playground clean and safe. That means each time after playing they should pick up the rubbish they've produced. If someone finds there is something wrong with the equipment(设施), he should report to the keeper of the playground, so people will come to fix it.         Teaching kids how to play safely is also very important. If they know the rules of the playground, they won't get hurt easily. For example, they should never push when others are on seesaws or swings. If someone is going to jump off some equipment, he should first look down to make sure no other kids are in the way. Of course, wearing right clothes may also help to keep safe. Clothes with strings(绳) can get caught on equipment which may hurt the kid badly.         In short, our kids can both enjoy themselves and be safe if we are working together to improve the situation. 根据短文内容，完成下列小题。 1．Do many kids get hurt while playing on the playground every year? ____________________________________________________ 2．What things might cause danger to the kids on the playground? ________________________________________________________ 3．Why should we teach kids how to play safely on the playground? ________________________________________________________ 4．Who need to work together to improve the situation of the playground? ________________________________________________________ 5．What's the passage mainly about? ___________________________________ 【答案】1．Yes, they do. 2．Things like water, rocks or broken glass. 3．Because if they know the rules of the playground, they won't get hurt easily. 4．Cleaners, parents (teachers) and children themselves. 5．What we can do to keep the children safe on the playground. /to improve the situation of the playground. 【详解】本文讲述操场为孩子们提供新鲜空气、朋友和锻炼。然而，每年有超过20万的孩子因为在操场上玩耍时受到这样或那样的伤害而住院。那么我们能做些什么来改善这种情况，让我们的孩子既能享受生活，又能保证安全呢？ 1．题干问：每年有很多孩子在操场上玩耍时受伤吗？ 根据文中“each year, more than 200,000 kids go to hospital because they are hurt in one way or another when playing on the playground”可知，每年有超过20万的孩子因为在操场上玩耍时受到这样或那样的伤害而住院。故答案为Yes, they do. 2．题干问：什么事情可能会对操场上的孩子造成危险？ 根据文中“Things like water, rocks or broken glass might cause danger to the kids.”可知，像水、石头和碎玻璃可能会对孩子造成危险。故答案为Things like water, rocks or broken glass. 3．题干问：为什么我们应该教孩子们如何在操场上安全玩耍？ 根据文中“If they know the rules of the playground, they won't get hurt easily.”可知，如果孩子们知道操场规则，那么他们就不会轻易受伤。故答案为Because if they know the rules of the playground, they won't get hurt easily. 4．题干问：谁需要共同努力来改善操场的情况？ 根据文中“Cleaners should check the playground from time to time and clear away these dangerous things.（清洁人员应该时不时地检查操场并清理这些危险的东西。）”、“We should make sure the playground is safe for the children. It should be soft and thick enough（我们——应该确保操场是安全的，操场应该是柔软又结实的。）”和“children themselves also need to help keep the playground clean and safe.（孩子们自己也需要去帮助保持操场清洁和安全。）”和可知，改善操场的情况需要清洁人员、家长或老师及孩子自己一起来行动。故答案为Cleaners, parents (teachers) and children themselves. 5．题干问：这篇文章主要讲了什么？ 根据对全文的理解可知，文章是在说我们可以做什么来保证孩子们在操场上的安全或如何改善操场的情况。故答案为What we can do to keep the children safe on the playground. /to improve the situation of the playground. 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 3 Safety 核心语法精练（祈使句） 目录 A考点概览·知识回顾 1 B考点夯基·专项突破 2 一、单项选择 3 二、完成句子 3 三、按要求完成句子 4 C综合攻坚·能力跃升 5 题型一 完形填空 7 题型二 短文填空 7 题型三 阅读表达 8 祈使句 （一）祈使句的肯定形式包括以下几种情况： 用法 例句 (Please+)动词原形+其他. Please sit down. 请坐。 Do+动词原形(加强语气，表“务必，一定”)+其他. Do put away your things. 务必收拾好你的东西。 Be+adj.(+其他). Be quiet. 请安静。 Let+宾语+动词原形+其他 Let’s have a rest. 让我们休息一会儿吧。 （二）祈使句的否定形式包括以下几种情况： 用法 例句 Don’t+动词原形+其他. Don’t open the window. 不要开窗户。 Let+宾语+not+动词原形+其他. =Don’t let+宾语+动词原形+其他. Let them not swim in the river.=Don’t let them swim in the river. 不要让他们在河里游泳。 Never+动词原形+其他. Never play soccer on theroad. 禁止在马路上踢足球。 No+名词/ 动名词. No smoking! 禁止吸烟！ （三）使用祈使句时需要注意的一些情况： 用法 例句 有时为了表示委婉的语气，可在句首或句尾加上please，但 please 加在句尾时，前面要用逗号隔开。 Please sit down. 请坐。 Stand up, please. 请起立。 在意思较为明显的情况下，可把谓语动词省去。 This way, please. 请这边走。 有时为了明确地向对方提出请求或发出命令，可加称呼语，但称呼语要与句子隔开。 Turn off the light, Jim. 吉姆，关灯。 某些名词、形容词或副词等后面加感叹号，也可作为祈使句使用。 Hands up! 请举手！ Taxi! 出租车！ 一、单项选择 1．—Jim, ________ read books while you are walking on the street. It’s very dangerous. —OK, thank you. A．don’t B．doesn’t C．won’t D．can’t 2．Your teachers are all friendly and helpful. Don’t ________ afraid of ________ close to them. A．/; be B．/; being C．be; being D．be; be 3．—Sam, ______ run in the hallways. It’s very dangerous. —Sorry, Ms. Black. A．do B．don’t C．not 4．—Let’s sing an English song here. —________ that. The kids are sleeping. Please keep quiet. A．Do B．Don’t do C．Doing D．Does 5．__________ the animals food. It’s not good for them. A．Not feed B．Don’t feed C．Feeding D．Feed 6．________ worry if you ________ hungry. A．Not; are B．Don’t; will be C．Not, will be D．Don’t; are. 7．No ______ loudly in the museum! Please be quiet. A．talk B．talking C．talks D．talked 8．Let’s ________ the Da Li this Sunday. A．go B．to go C．going D．go to 9．Ben, ________ off the tap while brushing your teeth. A．turn B．turns C．turning D．turned 10．Growing up is not easy. ________ calm when you’re facing serious problems in life. A．Staying B．To stay C．Stay D．Stays 11．—Dad, have you got any advice for me before I leave for the match? —________ deep breaths if nervous, and believe in yourself! Good luck! A．Taking B．To take C．Take 12．—Dale, ________ to check your paper before you hand it in. —Sure, I will. A．remembers B．to remember C．remember 13．________ to turn off the lights when leaving the classroom. A．Remember B．To remember C．Remembered D．Remembering 14．Don’t use bad words. Be polite and _________ one another with respect. A．treats B．treat C．treating D．to treat 15．Mary, ________ the door. Someone ________ at the door. A．open, is knocking B．opens, knows C．opens, is knocking 16．Take off the wet clothes, ________ you’ll catch a cold. A．or B．so C．and D．but 17．Jenny, eat less rich food, ________ you’ll be healthier. A．but B．and C．or 18．It’s raining outside. Take an umbrella, ________ you will get wet. A．and B．or C．so D．but 19．________ into the rock circle, and you can feel the energy from your feet move up your body. A．To walk B．Walking C．Walk 20．Don’t drive after drinking, ________ you may be dangerous and fined. A．so B．but C．or D．and 二、完成句子 1．不要放弃尝试。我相信你会成功的。 Don’t . I’m sure you will succeed. 2．下次别忘记带来你的新图画。 Don’t to bring your new picture next time. 3．玩耍之后不要把垃圾留在沙滩上。 Don’t rubbish on the beach after playing. 4．不要开他的玩笑，否则他会生气的。 Don’t him, or he’ll get angry. 5．当然，不要忘记看学校的每一场京剧表演哦！ Certainly, to watch every Beijing Opera show at school! 6．不要总是拿你的儿子和别的孩子进行比较。 Don’t always your son other children. 7．请不要那么懒惰。 Please lazy. 8．今日事今日毕。 (完成译句) Don’t what you can do today until tomorrow. 9．不要把你的问题和朋友的作比较。倾听并互相支持！ Don’t your problems those of your friends. Listen and support each other! 10．放轻松，别担心会出错。 Relax and making mistakes. 11．当你结交新朋友时，做你自己，你就会找到真正喜欢你的人。 When you make new friends, , and you’ll find those who truly like you. 12．当你切碎西红柿时，请当心你的手指。 When you cut up the tomatoes, please your fingers. 13．如果有食物和健康饮食方面的问题，随时问我。 Please ask me about food and healthy diets. 14．如果你想要更多的信息，请及时与他们联系。 If you want much more information, please them in time. 15．尝一尝，你会爱上这些陕西小吃的。 , and you’ll fall in love with these Shaanxi snacks. 三、按要求完成句子。 1．to, afraid, show, yourself, don’t, be (连词成句) . 2．Do, with your mouth open, eat, with, not, food or, in your mouth, talk . 3．by, such heavy things, don’t, carry, yourself . 4．in class, the box, open, don’t . 5．rubbish, the animals, don’t, to, throw . 6．making, be, never, mistakes, afraid, of . 7．forget, don’t, to, best, your, do . 8．Don’t give up learning English.（改为同义句） Don’t English. 9．If you move, you’ll die.（改为同义句） , or you’ll die. 10．Don’t shout, please.(改为同义句) , please. 11．Shall we go to swim this afternoon? （改为同义句） swimming this afternoon, shall we? 12．Look at the map. (同义句转换) at the map. 13．Shall we go to the new zoo this weekend? to the new zoo this weekend. 14．When you finish reading the book, just give it back to the library.（改为同义句） When you finish reading the book, just it the library. 15．If you don’t work hard, you’ll fail the exam.（改为同义句） Work hard, or you the exam. 题型一 完形填空 Many years ago, a 10—year—old boy walked into a soda shop. He asked the 1 , "How much is an ice cream sundae(圣代) ?" "Fifty cents," the waitress replied. The boy 2 into his pockets, pulled out a handful of change and began counting. The waitress looked at the boy impatiently 3 , she had other customers to wait on. After counting, the boy asked the waitress again, " How much is a dish of plain(普通的) ice cream? " "Thirty-five cents, " the waitress said a little 4 Again the boy counted his coins. At last, he said, "I'II have the plain ice cream please. " He put 35 cents 5 the counter(柜台). The waitress took the coins, brought the ice cream and walked away. About ten minutes later, she returned and found the ice cream dish 6 The boy was gone. She 7 the empty dish—then she was surprised. There on the counter, next to the wet spot where the dish had been, were 15 cents. The boy had 8 money for a sundae, but he had ordered plain ice cream 9 he could leave her a tip. In a world that tells us to "get 10 we can" , every so often it's good to be reminded to "give something. away". 1．A．woman B．waitress C．waiter D．man 2．A．reached B．took C．moved D．looked 3．A．After all B．In the end C．To be honest D．At last 4．A．happily B．angrily C．patiently D．worriedly 5．A．In B．under C．on D．over 6．A．dirty B．empty C．broken D．gone 7．A．picked up B．put up C．cut up D．ate up 8．A．a lot of B．enough C．much D．a little 9．A．so B．or C．and D．but 10．A．all B．nothing C．someyhing D．any 题型二 短文填空 根据短文内容及所给提示，在文中的空白处填写一个正确的单词。 Traffic rules help to keep order on the road. They also help to keep people 1 (safe). The pedestrian(行人) has as many 2 (rule) to follow as the driver of a car. You should walk on the sidewalk(人行道) or at the side of the road. Always look 3 (careful) before you walk across the street. If you like riding 4 bike, don’t ride in the middle of the road or run through red traffic lights. When you ride a bike 5 a friend, don’t look around or talk. If you drive a car, you should 6 (slow) down at the traffic lights. You must always wear a seat belt(安全带). Without belts both the driver and the passenger may be 7 (bad) hurt in a sudden accident. You may not need to take a bus, but look out if you have to travel on one. Get on or get off a bus only when it 8 (come) to a stop. When it is full, don’t try to get inside, 9 you may fall over. Traffic rules are also 10 (call) road safety rules. The maxim(格言) for all road users is thinking about others. 题型三 阅读表达 阅读下文并回答问题． Playgrounds offer kids fresh air, friends, and exercise. However, each year, more than 200,000 kids go to hospital because they are hurt in one way or another when playing on the playground. So what can we do to improve the situation?        We should make sure the playground is safe for the children. It should be soft and thick enough, so when the children fall, they won't hurt too much. Things like water, rocks or broken glass might cause danger to the kids. Cleaners should check the playground from time to time and clear away these dangerous things. In fact, children themselves also need to help keep the playground clean and safe. That means each time after playing they should pick up the rubbish they've produced. If someone finds there is something wrong with the equipment(设施), he should report to the keeper of the playground, so people will come to fix it.         Teaching kids how to play safely is also very important. If they know the rules of the playground, they won't get hurt easily. For example, they should never push when others are on seesaws or swings. If someone is going to jump off some equipment, he should first look down to make sure no other kids are in the way. Of course, wearing right clothes may also help to keep safe. Clothes with strings(绳) can get caught on equipment which may hurt the kid badly.         In short, our kids can both enjoy themselves and be safe if we are working together to improve the situation. 根据短文内容，完成下列小题。 1．Do many kids get hurt while playing on the playground every year? ____________________________________________________ 2．What things might cause danger to the kids on the playground? ________________________________________________________ 3．Why should we teach kids how to play safely on the playground? ________________________________________________________ 4．Who need to work together to improve the situation of the playground? ________________________________________________________ 5．What's the passage mainly about? ________________________________________________________ 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$