Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals 形容词和副词的最高级-【简语法-单元重点语法精练】英语八年级上册（人教版2024）

单元核心语法·精练 Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals （形容词和副词的最高级） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 一、形容词和副词的最高级 用法介绍 最高级用于三者及以上的人或事物之间的比较，表示 “最……”。形容词最高级修饰名词，副词最高级修饰动词、形容词等，其构成需遵循规则，且使用时需明确比较范围。 构成规则 原级 最高级 示例句子 一般情况加 - est tall（高的） tallest He is the tallest in his class.（他是班上最高的。） 以 e 结尾加 - st late（晚的） latest This is the latest news.（这是最新的消息。） 重读闭音节双写尾字母加 - est big（大的） biggest It’s the biggest apple I’ve ever seen.（这是我见过最大的苹果。） 辅音 + y 结尾，变 y 为 i 加 - est easy（容易的） easiest This is the easiest question.（这是最简单的问题。） 多音节词前加 most beautiful（美丽的） most beautiful It’s the most beautiful city in China.（这是中国最美的城市。） 不规则变化（需特殊记忆） good/well（好的 / 好地） best She sings the best in our school.（她在我们学校唱得最好。） bad/badly（坏的 / 坏地） worst This is the worst movie this year.（这是今年最差的电影。） 注意事项 1. 定冠词 the 的使用：形容词最高级前必须加 the；副词最高级前的 the 可省略，如 “She runs (the) fastest.（她跑得最快。）” 2. 比较范围：最高级后常接 in/of 短语说明范围（in 后接场所 / 单位，of 后接群体），如 “He is the youngest in the team.（他是队里最年轻的。）”“She is the oldest of the three.（她是三个人中最大的。）” 3. 避免错误比较：比较对象需属于同一范畴，如错误：“She is taller than any student in her class.（她比班上任何学生都高。）” 正确：“She is taller than any other student in her class.（她比班上其他任何学生都高。）” 二、最高级的特殊句型 用法介绍 最高级有多种特殊句型，用于表达 “最…… 之一”“第几最……” 等含义，需根据语境灵活运用。 句型结构 含义 示例 主语 + be + one of the + 最高级 + 可数名词复数 + in/of 短语 …… 是…… 中最…… 之一 Beijing is one of the largest cities in China.（北京是中国最大的城市之一。） 主语 + be + the + 序数词 + 最高级 + 名词 + in/of 短语 …… 是…… 中第…… 最…… The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.（黄河是中国第二长河。） 注意事项 1. “one of + 最高级 + 复数名词”：谓语动词用单数（因 one 是主语），如 “One of the most popular sports is football.（最受欢迎的运动之一是足球。）” 2. 序数词与最高级搭配：序数词后必须接最高级，且名词用单数，如 “The first tallest building in the world is Burj Khalifa.（世界第一高楼是哈利法塔。）” 3. 避免重复范围：句中已有明确范围时，无需再用冗余表达，如正确：“He is the best player here.（他是这里最好的选手。）” 无需说 “He is the best player in here.” 一、单项选择 1．（24-25八年级上·四川遂宁·期中）Nowadays, China is one of the strongest ________ in the world. I believe it will be ________. A．countries,best and best B．country, better and better C．countries, better and better D．country, more and more better 【答案】C 【详解】句意：如今，中国是世界上最强大的国家之一。我相信它会越来越好。 考查“one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词的复数形式”结构和形容词比较级的用法。根据“one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词的复数形式”结构可知，第一空应用复数名词countries；分析“I believe it will be...”和选项可知，此处表示“我相信中国会越来越好”，“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”，better and better意为“越来越好”。故选C。 2．（24-25八年级上·江苏扬州·期中）—Which student made ________ mistakes in your class? —Li Ming did. A．few B．little C．the least D．the fewest 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你们班哪个学生犯错误最少？——李明。 考查形容词辨析。few几乎没有，修饰可数名词复数；little几乎没有，修饰不可数名词；the least最少，修饰不可数名词；the fewest最少，修饰可数名词复数。根据“mistakes”为可数名词复数可知，排除B、C项。根据语境可知，此处是询问犯错最少的学生，用最高级。故选D。 3．（24-25八年级上·江苏宿迁·期中）As the ________ swimmer in the team, she always spends as much time as she can ________ swimming. A．fastest, practising B．faster, practise C．fastest, practise D．faster, practising 【答案】A 【详解】句意：作为队里最快的游泳运动员，她总是尽可能多地练习游泳。 考查形容词最高级及非谓语动词。fastest最快的；faster更快的。根据第一个空空前的“the”及语境可知，此处含有最高级的含义，用最高级形式，fastest符合；spend time doing sth.“花时间做某事”，是固定词组。故选A。 4．（24-25八年级上·江苏淮安·期中）Peter is _________ of the five students. A．heavy B．heavier C．heaviest D．the heaviest 【答案】D 【详解】句意：彼得是五个学生中最重的。 考查形容词最高级。heavy重的，形容词原级；heavier更重，形容词比较级；heaviest最重的；the heaviest最重的。根据“Peter is…of the five students.”可知，此处指的是彼得是五个学生中最重的，the+形容词最高级+of+比较范围“……中最……”，固定用法。故选D。 5．（24-25八年级上·广东广州·期中）Canton Tower is ________ building in Guangzhou. A．tall B．taller C．tallest D．the tallest 【答案】D 【详解】句意：广州塔是广州最高的建筑。 考查最高级。tall高，原级；taller更高，比较级；tallest最高级，前面需加定冠词the；the tallest最高的，最高级。根据“in Guangzhou”可知，是最高的建筑。故选D。 6．（24-25八年级上·北京西城·期中）English is one of ________ subjects in our school. A．important B．more important C．most important D．the most important 【答案】D 【详解】句意：英语是我们学校最重要的科目之一。 考查形容词最高级。此处是“one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”，表示“最……之一”，important的最高级是most important，最高级前需要用定冠词the。故选D。 7．（24-25八年级上·北京海淀·期中）Of all the students in our class, Lucy is ________. A．the most careful B．more careful C．careful D．most careful 【答案】A 【详解】句意：在我们班所有的学生中，露西是最细心的。 考查形容词最高级。根据“Of all the students in our class”可知，此处应用形容词最高级形式，形容词最高级前要加定冠词the。故选A。 8．（24-25八年级上·江苏南京·期中）When we are in trouble, we should hope for the best but prepare for the ________. A．better B．best C．worse D．worst 【答案】D 【详解】句意：当我们遇到麻烦时，我们应该抱最好的希望，但也要做最坏的打算。 考查形容词最高级。better较好的，比较级；best最好的，最高级；worse较差的，比较级；worst最差的，最高级。根据“we should hope for the best but prepare for the...”可知，指的是为最坏的打算做准备，用最高级worst。故选D。 9．（24-25八年级上·四川遂宁·期中）—Which clothes store is ________, Miller’s or Blue Moon? —Miller’s, of course. And you can buy clothes ________ there in town. A．the better; the most cheaply B．better; the cheapest C．better; most cheaply D．more good; cheapest 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——哪家服装店更好，米勒还是蓝月？——当然是米勒服装店，并且你可以在那儿买到镇上最便宜的衣服。 考查比较级和最高级。第一句在两者中选择，因此需要用比较级，better意为“更好”，第二句在整个镇上做比较，因此应用最高级，此处还需修饰动词buy“买”，因此需用副词cheaply“便宜地”，最高级为(the) most cheaply，the可以省略。故选C。 10．（24-25八年级上·江苏南京·期中）Lucy dances ________ in her class, so we choose her to dance at the show. A．much better B．the most beautiful C．more beautifully D．the most beautifully 【答案】D 【详解】句意：Lucy在她班上跳得最漂亮，所以我们选她在舞会上跳舞。 考查副词最高级。此处修饰动词“dances”，应用副词。根据“in her class”可知，涉及三者以上的比较，应用最高级the most beautifully。故选D。 11．（24-25八年级上·天津河西·期中）Who does homework ________ in your class? A．the most careful B．the most carefully C．more careful D．more carefully 【答案】B 【详解】句意：谁在你们班做作业最认真？ 考查副词最高级。careful是形容词，carefully是副词。此处修饰动词does，需要用副词形式，排除A和C选项。根据“in your class”可知，涉及三者以上的比较，应用副词的最高级形式，故选B。 12．（23-24八年级上·河北石家庄·期中）—Our class did well in the school singing competition. —Yes, you sang ________ of all. A．beautifully B．more beautifully C．most beautiful D．most beautifully 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我们班在学校歌唱比赛中表现出色。 ——是的，你们唱得最动听。 考查副词最高级。beautifully“美好地；美妙地”，副词；more beautifully“更美妙地”，比较级；most beautiful“最美丽的”，形容词最高级；most beautifully“最美妙地”，副词最高级。根据“you sang … of all.”可知，此处是指在所有班级当中唱得最动听，应用副词“beautifully”的最高级，修饰动词“sang”。故选D。 13．（23-24八年级上·湖北十堰·期中）—Who jumps ________ in the high jump, Sam, Tom or Jim? —Tom. He won the first place. A．high B．higher C．the higher D．highest 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——在跳高比赛中谁跳得最高，萨姆、汤姆或者吉姆？——汤姆。他赢得了第一名。 考查副词最高级。high高；higher更高；highest最高。根据“Sam, Tom or Jim”可知，是三者之间的比较，要用最高级。故选D。 14．（23-24八年级上·湖北宜昌·期中）—Why is Danny so popular with his classmates? —Because he can sing ________ in his class. A．more beautifully B．most beautifully C．more beautiful D．less beautifully 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——为什么丹尼在同学中如此受欢迎？——因为他能在班上唱得最好。 考查副词最高级。根据“in his class”可知，空处应使用副词最高级，修饰动词sing，beautifully的最高级为most beautifully。故选B。 15．（23-24八年级上·湖北孝感·期中）—Who plays the piano _________, Jone, Sam or Jim? — Sam does. A．well B．best C．good D．better 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——谁弹钢琴弹得最好，Jone，Sam还是Jim? ——Sam弹得最好。 考查形容词辨析及形容词最高级。well好，副词；best最好的，最好地；good好的，形容词；better较好的，较好地。根据“play the piano”可知空内的词修饰动宾短语，需要用副词。well当形容词意为“身体好”。由后面举出的三者比较，可知用well的最高级best。故选B。 二、完成句子：根据句意在空格处填入一个合适的单词或者用括号所给单词的正确形式填空 1. （24-25八年级上·四川成都·期中）Which student takes his homework in your class? (seriously) 【答案】the most seriously/most seriously 【详解】句意：你们班哪个学生最认真地做作业？根据“in your class”可知是你班里最认真的，故此处用副词的最高级most seriously“最认真地”，最高级前的定冠词the可加可不加。故填(the) most seriously。 2. （24-25八年级上·四川达州·期中）Kelly writes the (careful) of all the students in our class. 【答案】most carefully 【详解】句意：在我们班所有学生中，凯莉写得最仔细。careful“仔细的”，形容词，空格前是动词writes，修饰动词需用副词carefully“仔细地”，由“of all the students in our class”可知，此处是在三者以上的范围内进行比较，表示“最仔细地”，需用最高级形式most carefully。故填most carefully。 3. （24-25八年级上·江苏扬州·期中）Lucy jumps of all in her class. (far) 【答案】farthest 【详解】句意：露西是班上跳得最远的。根据“of all in her class”可知，三者以上的比较要用最高级，表示距离上的远用最高级farthest，故填farthest。 4. （24-25八年级上·山东潍坊·期中）—Who jumps (high) in your class? —Lin Tao does. 【答案】highest 【详解】句意：——在你的班中谁跳得最高？——林涛。根据“in your class”可知，此处给出范围，需用副词最高级highest，表示“最高地”。故填highest。 5. （23-24八年级上·湖北武汉·期中）Which do you like (well) tea, milk or water? 【答案】best 【详解】句意：你最喜欢哪个，茶、牛奶还是水？根据“tea, milk or water”可知，三者相比较，用副词最高级，well的最高级best。故填best。 6. （23-24八年级上·甘肃兰州·期中）Sun Cinema is on Center Street and you can sit the (comfortably). 【答案】most comfortably 【详解】句意：太阳电影院在中央大街上，你可以坐得最舒服。根据空前定冠词“the”可知，此处应用副词comfortably的最高级形式most comfortably“最舒适地”，在句中作状语，修饰动词sit。故填most comfortably。 7. （23-24八年级上·江苏淮安·期中）Can you tell me who jumps the ________ (far) in your class? 【答案】farthest 【详解】句意：你能告诉我们你们班里谁跳的最远吗？ 根据句意和语境可知，横线处修饰前面的动词“jumps”，可知“far”是副词；根据比较范围“in your class”，结合题干，可知是问“你们班谁跳得最远?”，指跳跃的距离，因此要用far的最高级形式farthest。故填farthest。 8. （23-24八年级上·江苏南京·期中）Sam jumps (high) in his class. He once won a gold medal in the sports meeting. 【答案】highest 【详解】句意：萨姆在班上跳得最高。他曾经在运动会上赢得一枚金牌。high“高”，副词，修饰动词jump；根据“in his class”可知此处用副词最高级。故填highest。 9. （24-25八年级上·四川眉山·期中）Mo Yan is one of the (great) writers in China. 【答案】greatest 【详解】句意：莫言是中国最伟大的作家之一。此处是结构“one of the+最高级+复数名词”，表示“最……之一”，故填greatest。 10. （24-25八年级上·江苏无锡·期中）Friends are those who see you at your (bad), and still take you as you are. 【答案】worst 【详解】句意：朋友是那些看到你最不好的一面的人，仍然接纳你本来面目的人。根据“Friends are those who see you at your...(bad) , and still take you as you are.”可知，空处指“最坏的”，需形容词bad的最高级worst。故填worst。 11. （24-25八年级上·江苏淮安·期中）My brother is a Grade 9 student. He has (little) free time in my family. 【答案】the least 【详解】句意：我哥哥是一名九年级的学生。他是我们家空闲时间最少的人。根据“in my family”可知，此处应用little的最高级least，且与定冠词the连用，意为“最少的”。故填the least。 12. （24-25八年级上·甘肃武威·期中）Which is (small), the sun, the earth or the moon? 【答案】the smallest 【详解】句意：哪一个是最小的，太阳、地球还是月亮？根据“the sun, the earth or the moon”可知三者作比较，用形容词最高级，small的最高级smallest，其前加the。故填the smallest。 13. （24-25八年级上·江苏盐城·期中）I have only half an hour for my hobbies at (many) every day. 【答案】most 【详解】句意：我每天最多只有半小时用于我的爱好。根据“at...”和所给词many可知，此处考查固定短语at most“至多”。故填most。 14. （24-25八年级上·广东东莞·期中）Brown’s serves the (fresh) food in town. But it’s a bit expensive. 【答案】freshest 【详解】句意：布朗餐厅提供镇上最新鲜的食物，但价格有点贵。结合“the”以及“in town”，可知此处需用形容词最高级，故填freshest。 15. （24-25八年级上·重庆沙坪坝·期中）Movie World has (comfortable) seats of all the movie theaters. That’s why few people choose to watch movies there. 【答案】the most uncomfortable/the least comfortable 【详解】句意：电影世界有所有电影院里最不舒服的座位。那就是几乎没有人选择在那里看电影的原因。根据“of all the movie theaters”可知，应用最高级；再根据“That’s why few people choose to watch movies there”和括号内所给单词可知，此空意为“最不舒服的”。the most uncomfortable/the least comfortable“最不舒服的”。故填the most uncomfortable/the least comfortable。 三、语法选择 Passage 1 （24-25八年级上·重庆沙坪坝·期中）Last month, my family moved to a house with 1 very big garden. I was very happy and always enjoyed 2 in the garden. Everything went on well until one afternoon we heard a noise from the windows. We went out and found a small bird dead. “It flew into the windows.” Dad said. We 3 that it was just an accident. However, in the following days, five more birds died 4 the same way. I wondered why the birds hit the windows one after another. Finally, I found out a 5 . When the birds were flying, they couldn’t 6 into the rooms. They could only see trees that were reflected (倒映) by the windows, so they thought they were flying into a forest. I decided to do something 7 the birds. At first, I tried to cover the windows with some old clothes, 8 it made the room dark. Then I cut some black paper into the shape of a cat. I made seven cats and stuck them to the windows. When the birds saw the paper cats, they would fly away. After that, there were 9 dead birds than before. How 10 I was! 1. A．a B．an C．the 2. A．me B．myself C．my 3. A．think B．thought C．thinks 4. A．in B．on C．about 5. A．reason’s B．reasons C．reason 6. A．saw B．see C．seeing 7. A．save B．to save C．saving 8. A．before B．or C．but 9. A．few B．fewer C．fewest 10. A．clever B．cleverly C．cleverer 【答案】 1. A 2. B 3. B 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. B 8. C 9. B 10. A 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者发现小鸟总是撞上他们家的窗户而死亡，为了拯救小鸟作者采取了一系列的行动。 1. 句意：上个月，我的家人搬到了一座带有一个非常大的花园的房子。 a一个，不定冠词，用在辅音音素前；an一个，不定冠词，用在元音音素前；the定冠词，表特指。此处泛指“一个非常的大花园”，“very”开头是辅音音素。故选A。 2. 句意：我非常高兴，总是喜欢在花园里玩。 me我，宾格；myself我自己，反身代词；my我的，形容词性物主代词。“enjoy oneself”意为“玩得高兴”，此处需要一个反身代词，表示“我自己”。故选B。 3. 句意：我们认为这只是个意外。 think认为；动词原形；thought认为，过去式；thinks认为，第三人称单数形式。根据“it was just an accident”可知，时态为一般过去时态，故选B。 4. 句意：然而，在接下来的几天里，又有五只鸟以同样的方式死去。 in在……里面；on在……上面；about关于。短语“in the same way”意为“用同样的方式”。故选A。 5. 句意：最后，我找到了一个原因。 reason’s原因的，名词所有格；reasons原因，复数；reason原因。根据a可知，此处需要一个名词单数形式，表示“一个原因”，所以用“reason”。故选C。 6. 句意：当鸟儿飞行时，它们看不见房间。 saw看见，过去式；see看见，动词原形；seeing看见，动名词或现在分词。此处前面是“couldn’t”，后面应该跟动词原形，故选B。 7. 句意：我决定做些事情来拯救这些鸟。 save拯救，动词原形；to save拯救，动词不定式；saving拯救，动名词或现在分词。此处用动词不定式，表示目的，所以用“to save”。故选B。 8. 句意：起初，我试图用一些旧衣服遮住窗户，但这使房间变暗。 before在……以前；or或者；but但是。此处表示转折关系，用连词“but”。故选C。 9. 句意：之后，死鸟比以前少了。 few少的，原级；fewer更少的，比较级；fewest最少的，最高级。根据“ than before”可知，“现在死鸟比以前少了”，用比较级，故选B。 10. 句意：我多么聪明啊！ clever聪明的，形容词；cleverly聪明地，副词；cleverer更聪明，比较级。本句是一个感叹句，结构为“How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语”，根据“I was”可知，应该用形容词，故选A。 Passage 2 （23-24八年级上·广东茂名·期中）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 Msituni is a young giraffe born on February 1st at the San Diego Zoo Safari Park. 1 Msituni was born, the zoo workers found that one of her front legs was bending (弯曲) the wrong way. This made it hard for 2 to stand or walk. The zoo workers 3 that Msituni might die, because the bent leg stopped her from getting milk from her mother. The zoo workers tried their best to ask 4 help. Finally workers in a company called Hanger Clinic 5 a special brace(矫正器) for Msituni after studying giraffes day and night. The brace allowed her 6 slowly. After 39 days in the zoo hospital, Msituni was able to walk easily on her own. With the brace, she quickly became much 7 and grew to a more normal size for a giraffe at her age. “It was the coolest thing to see 8 animal like that walk in a brace,” one of the 9 said. “I’m so excited to know that we saved a 10 life.” 1. A．When B．If C．Because 2. A．she B．her C．hers 3. A．worrying B．worried C．worriedly 4. A．of B．to C．for 5. A．made B．make C．makes 6. A．move B．moving C．to move 7. A．healthier B．healthy C．healthiest 8. A．a B．an C．the 9. A．work B．worker C．workers 10. A．giraffe B．giraffe’s C．giraffes 【答案】 1. A 2. B 3. B 4. C 5. A 6. C 7. A 8. B 9. C 10. B 【导语】本文讲述了圣地亚哥野生动物园出生的一只小长颈鹿Msituni被救助的故事。 1. 句意：当Msituni出生时，动物园工作人员发现她的一条前腿弯曲得不对。 When何时；If如果；Because因为。此处指“当Msituni出生时”，when引导的时间状语从句，符合题意。故选A。 2. 句意：这使她很难站立或行走。 she她（主格）；her她的（形容词性物主代词/宾格）；hers她的（名词性物主代词）。根据前文“her”可知Msituni是雌性；此处作for介词的宾语，选宾格形式。故选B。 3. 句意：动物园的工作人员担心Msituni可能会死，因为弯曲的腿使她无法从母亲那里得到牛奶。 worrying担心（动名词/现在分词）；worried担心（过去式/过去分词）；worriedly担心地（副词）。此处缺谓语；根据might、stopped可知是一般过去时。故选B。 4. 句意：动物园的工作人员尽力寻求帮助。 of关于；to去；for对于。ask for help“寻求帮助”，固定搭配。故选C。 5. 句意：最后，一家名为Hanger Clinic的公司的工作人员在夜以继日地研究长颈鹿后，为Msituni制作了一个特殊的支架。 made制造（过去式/过去分词）make制造；makes制造（第三人称单数）。此处缺谓语；根据前句tried可知是一般过去时。故选A。 6. 句意：支架使她能够慢慢移动。 move移动；moving移动（动名词/现在分词）；to move移动（动词不定式）。allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”，不定式作宾语补足语。故选C。 7. 句意：有了这个支架，她很快变得更健康，并长到了她这个年龄长颈鹿的正常体型。 healthier更健康（比较级）；healthy健康的；healthiest最健康（最高级）。much修饰比较级，故选A。 8. 句意：看到这样的动物戴着支架行走是最酷的事情。 a不定冠词，表泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；an不定冠词，表泛指，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词，表特指。此处指“一个像那样戴着支架走路的动物”，表示泛指，排除C；animal是首个发音字母为元音的单词，an符合题意。故选B。 9. 句意：其中一名工人说：“看到这样的动物戴着支架行走是最酷的事情。”。 work工作；worker工人；workers工人（名词复数）。“one of+名词复数”，故选C。 10. 句意：我很高兴知道我们救了一只长颈鹿的命。 giraffe长颈鹿；giraffe’s长颈鹿的；giraffes长颈鹿（名词复数）。此处需名词所有格修饰life，作定语，及save one’s life“拯救……的生命”。故选B。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级上·重庆九龙坡·期中）从A，B，C三个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。 Do you have a pet cat at home? Many cats love to run around and play 1 when it gets dark. Why are some pet cats so busy at night? A．Because 2 feel safer at night. B．Because it’s 3 for them to catch mice in the dark than in the daytime. C． Because they feel the room is too hot or too cold. D．Because they are worried or have 4 problems. The right answer is D．Many people think that cats are night animals, but this is not true. Most cats make their sleep time the same 5 their owners’(主人的). So, pet cats aren’t usually busy at night. Some cats 6 busy because they are in heat (在发情期). This can make them meow more. When a quiet cat feels worried, it may also make noise and run around. This may happen because of changes (改变)in 7 home life. Problems like high blood pressure (高血压) may also make cats 8 bad at night. 9 reason for the cat to be busy at night is that it still has a lot of energy (能量). 10 owner can play with the cat more before going to bed. It also helps cats to be healthy. 1. A．excited B．excitedly C．exciting 2. A．it B．they C．them 3. A．easier B．easy C．the easiest 4. A．health B．healthy C．healthily 5. A．to B．for C．as 6. A．may B．maybe C．may be 7. A．cat’s B．cats’ C．cats 8. A．to feel B．feel C．feeling 9. A．Other B．Others C．Another 10. A．A B．An C．The 【答案】 1. B 2. B 3. A 4. A 5. C 6. C 7. B 8. B 9. C 10. C 【导语】本文主要讲述了宠物猫在晚上跑来跑去可能的原因。 1. 句意：许多猫喜欢在天黑时到处乱跑、兴奋地玩耍。 excited兴奋的，形容词，指人；excitedly兴奋地，副词；exciting令人兴奋的。play为动词，需副词修饰。故选B。 2. 句意：因为它们在晚上感觉更安全。 it它，主格；they它们，主格；them它们，宾格。根据“Why are some pet cats so busy at night?”可知，空处指“一些宠物猫”，需代词they来替代，在句中作主语。故选B。 3. 句意：因为它们在黑暗中捉老鼠比在白天更容易。 easier更容易的，比较级；easy容易的，原级；the easiest最容易的，最高级。根据“than”可知，空处需比较级。故选A。 4. 句意：因为它们很担心或者有健康问题。 health健康，名词；healthy健康的，形容词；healthily健康地，副词。根据“have...problems.”可知，空处指“健康问题”，需名词health修饰名词problems。故选A。 5. 句意：大多数猫使它们的睡眠时间与它们的主人相同。 to到；for为；as像。the same as表示“和……一样”，故选C。 6. 句意：一些猫可能很忙因为它们在发情期。 may可能，情态动词；maybe可能；may be可能是。根据“Some cats... busy”可知，空处指“可能是”，形容词busy前缺be动词，情态动词may后加be动词原形。故选C。 7. 句意：这可能也会发生，因为猫的家庭生活发生了改变。 cat’s猫的，名词单数所有格；cats’猫的，名词复数所有格；cats猫，名词复数。猫与home life之间是所属关系，需名词所有格，因是泛指猫，需名词复数的所有格。故选B。 8. 句意：一些像高血压的问题可能也会使猫晚上感到不好。 to feel感觉，动词不定式；feel动词原形；feeling现在分词或动名词。make sb. do sth.表示“使某人做某事”，空处需动词原形。故选B。 9. 句意：另一个晚上猫很忙的原因是它仍然能力满满。 Other其他的，其后跟名词复数；Others其他，其后不跟名词；Another另一个。根据“This may happen because of changes...”以及“reason for the cat to be busy at night is that it still has a lot of energy...”可知，列举了一个原因后，又指出了另一个原因。故选C。 10. 句意：主人可以在睡觉前多陪猫玩耍。 A一个，用于以辅音音素开头的单词；An一个，用于以元音音素开头的单词；The这个，表特指。根据“...owner can play with the cat more before going to bed.”可知，猫的主人可以在睡觉前多陪猫玩耍，“The owner”与句中“the cat”相对应，表特指。故选C。 四、语法填空 Passage 1 （24-25八年级上·浙江温州·期中）My name is Pingo. I am a two-year-old emperor penguin (帝企鹅). I live 1 Antarctica (南极洲) with all the other emperor penguins. There are no emperor penguins anywhere else in the world. Together with many other penguins, we make up a group. We spend 2 (we) whole lives here and the temperature can drop to -75℉. We have special 3 (way) of keeping warm. Emperor penguins are 4 (large) penguins in the world. In our group, 5 an emperor penguin is 9 months old, he is fully grown (成年). The tallest in my group is Pablo—4 feet tall. Emperor penguins are heavy too. Pablo is more than 100 pounds. I’m not as tall as Pablo. A funny thing about us is that we are birds with wings (翅膀), 6 we can’t fly. We use our wings 7 (help) us swim faster under water. Most emperor penguins live for 15 to 20 years. Polly, a member of our group, will be 38 this year. She’s 8 (real) old as a penguin. I am getting a little worried about 9 future of emperor penguins. The weather is changing in the Antarctic sea and that could greatly hurt us. Scientists say we could all 10 (die) by the year 2100 if it keeps getting warmer and warmer. That’s too bad. 【答案】 1. in 2. our 3. ways 4. the largest 5. when 6. but 7. to help 8. really 9. the 10. have died 【导语】文章主要介绍了作者作为一只两岁大的帝企鹅在南极洲的生活情况。 1. 句意：我和所有其他的帝企鹅一起生活在南极洲。live in+地点名词，表示“住在……地方”。故填in。 2. 句意：我们一生都生活在这里，温度可以降到零下75华氏度。此处修饰名词短语“whole lives”，应用形容词性物主代词our。故填our。 3. 句意：我们有特殊的保暖方式。根据“We have special … of keeping warm.”可知，谓语动词“have”缺少宾语，因此用复数名词ways作宾语，表示“方式”。故填ways。 4. 句意：帝企鹅是世界上最大的企鹅。根据“in the world”可知，此处用形容词最高级the largest修饰名词“penguins”。故填the largest。 5. 句意：在我们的群体中，当一只帝企鹅9个月大时，它就完全长大了。根据主句“he is fully grown (成年)”和从句“an emperor penguin is 9 months old”可知，从句表示时间，应用连词when引导时间状语从句。故填when。 6. 句意：关于我们的一件有趣的事情是，我们是有翅膀的鸟，但我们不能飞。根据“we are birds with wings”和“we can’t fly”可知，前后句之间是转折关系，应用连词but连接两个句子。故填but。 7. 句意：我们用翅膀来帮助我们在水下游得更快。use sth. to do sth.“用某物做某事”，是固定搭配，此处用不定式to help作目的状语。故填to help。 8. 句意：作为一只企鹅，她真的很老了。修饰形容词“old”，应用副词really。故填really。 9. 句意：我开始有点儿担心帝企鹅的未来。根据空后的“future of emperor penguins”可知，此处表示“帝企鹅的未来”，特指，用定冠词the。故填the。 10. 句意：科学家说，如果天气继续变暖，我们可能会在2100年前全部死亡。根据“by the year 2100”可知，此处用完成时have done结构，情态动词“could”后接动词原形。故填have died。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级上·浙江杭州·期中）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 When I turned nine, my parents surprised me with a bird from a pet shop. I named him Bubba, and I was 1 (excite) to have a new friend. But soon, the excitement went away. As a kid, I didn’t know how much work it takes 2 (look) after a bird. My parents didn’t know, either. Bubba lived in 3 small, dirty cage. He couldn’t fly around as he wanted. The bird ended up living a much 4 (short) life than living in the wild. It’s a sad story. 5 (unlucky), it’s a common story. Birds shouldn’t be living in cages, but lots 6 them do. Many people don’t look after these birds 7 (good) and they die young. A lot of people buy birds without thinking too much, just like my family did. Birds can get really sad and lonely in cages, and sometimes they even hurt 8 (them) by pulling out their feathers. So, 9 can we help? It’s easy! Please don’t go to the stores that just put birds in cages as 10 (pet). And tell your friends and family that birds are for the sky, not for cages. 【答案】 1. excited 2. to look 3. a 4. shorter 5. Unluckily 6. of 7. well 8. themselves 9. how 10. pets 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者小时候养鸟的经历，以及鸟在笼子里生活的悲惨现状。作者呼吁人们不要把鸟关在笼子里当宠物，而是应该让它们自由飞翔在天空。 1. 句意：我给他起名叫Bubba，能有一个新朋友我很兴奋。根据句式结构可知。此处需要形容词作表语，表示“我”感到兴奋。“excite”的形容词形式是“excited”，表示“感到兴奋的”。故填excited。 2. 句意：小时候，我不知道照顾一只鸟需要多少工作。根据句式结构It takes + 时间/精力+to do sth可知，此处需要不定式作主语，表示“照顾一只鸟需要多少工作”，“照顾”即“look after”，所以该空应填“to look”。故填to look。 3. 句意：Bubba住在一个又小又脏的笼子里。根据空后“ small, dirty cage”可知，该空应用冠词“a”或“an”表示一个，结合“small”辅音因素开头，应用“a”。故填a。 4. 句意：这只鸟最终活得比生活在野外短得多。根据空后“than”可知，该空应用比较级形式，“short”变为比较级“shorter”。故填shorter。 5. 句意：不幸的是，这是一个常见的故事。根据前句“It’s a sad story.”以及后半句“it’s a common story.”可知，此处需要副词作状语，修饰整个句子，表示“不幸的是”。 “unlucky”的副词形式是“unluckily”，句首首字母大写。故填Unluckily。 6. 句意：鸟不应该生活在笼子里，但很多鸟确实如此。根据句式结构可知，此处需要介词与空前“lots”组成短语，表示“很多”即“lots of”。故填of。 7. 句意：很多人没有好好照顾这些鸟，它们很早就死了。根据句式结构可知，该空应填副词修饰空前动词“look after”，“good”变为副词形式“well”。故填well。 8. 句意：有时它们甚至通过拔掉自己的羽毛来伤害自己。根据知识结构可知，该空应用反身代词，表示伤害某人自己即“hurt oneself”，“them”变为反身代词“themselves”。故填themselves。 9. 句意：那么，我们该如何帮助呢？根据句式结构可知，此处需要疑问副词作状语，引导特殊疑问句，表示“如何”即“how”。故填how。 10. 句意：请不要去那些只是把鸟关在笼子里当宠物卖的商店。根据句式结构可知，此处需要名词复数作宾语补足语，表示“宠物”。“pet”的复数形式是“pets”。故填pets。 Passage 3 （23-24八年级上·湖南长沙·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 We usually think fish can’t talk. But there are a lot of sounds under the sea. In fact, scientists believe that all sea animals, or more than 250,000 1 (kind), can “speak”! “We can hear animals all around us,” UK scientist Steve Simpson told the BBC． Recorders (录音机) help scientists match sounds with sea life. Of all the sea animals, coral reefs (珊瑚礁) are the 2 (loud) in the ocean. Scientists can tell if it’s healthy after 3 (listen) to it. When some coral reefs 4 (die) in 2015 and 2016, they became quiet. Clownfish (小丑鱼) make short sounds when going after small clownfish, because they want to show they are strong. Damselfish (小热带鱼) surprise other fish by 5 (quick) opening and closing its mouth. Mother dolphins (海豚) can use a special sound to talk to 6 (they) babies. The sound is just the same 7 “I’m here”. Now scientists are building 8 online library to get sounds from all over the world. They plan   9 (study) the sounds. Humans also need to understand the sounds from underwater animals 10 they die out (灭绝). 【答案】 1. kinds 2. loudest 3. listening 4. died 5. quickly 6. their 7. as 8. an 9. to study 10. before 【导语】本文主要讲了科学家发现海洋生物也有自己的语言并开始研究他们的语言。 1. 句意：事实上，科学家相信所有的海洋动物、或者多于25万的品种能“讲话”。根据“can ‘speak’”可知，句子缺主语，故此空需kind的名词形式，又因“more than 250,000”来修饰名词，需用名词复数。故填kind的名词复数形式kinds“种类、品种”。故填kinds。 2. 句意：在所有的海洋动物中，珊瑚礁是海洋里声音最大的。根据“are the ... in the ocean.”可知，是三者以上范围比较，需用最高级，loud的最高级是loudest。故填loudest。 3. 句意：科学家在听到声音之后，能判断是否它是健康的。根据“after”一词，介词后跟动词ing形式。故填listening。 4. 句意：当一些珊瑚礁在2015年和2016年死亡时，它们变得很安静。根据“in 2015 and 2016”可知，时态是一般过去时，需填动词die的过去式died。故填died。 5. 句意：小热带鱼通过快速张开和闭上它们的嘴来让其他鱼类吃惊。根据“opening and closing ...”可知，需副词来修饰，故需用形容词quick“快速的”的副词形式quickly。故填quickly。 6. 句意：海豚妈妈能用一种特殊的声音来和它们的孩子说话。根据“to ... babies.”可知，需用形容词性物主代词来修饰babies，they的形容词性物主代词是their，their babies表示“它们的孩子”。故填their。 7. 句意：这种声音仅仅和“我在这里”很一样。根据“the same...”可知，the same as表示“和……一样”，是固定短语，故填as。 8. 句意：现在科学家们正在建造一个线上图书馆来收集全世界的声音。分析句子成分可知，scientists作主语，are building作谓语；... online library作宾语。缺冠词，表泛指，online是以元音音素开头的单词，需用an。故填an。 9. 句意：他们计划要研究声音。根据“plan”一词可知，plan to do sth.表示“计划做某事”，需填动词study“研究”的不定式to study。故填to study。 10. 句意：人类也需要了解水下动物在灭绝之前的声音。根据“understand the sounds from underwater animals”和“they die out (灭绝).”可知，这两句是表示时间上的先后顺序，应该是在灭绝前。需用before“在……之前”。故填before。 20 / 20 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$单元核心语法·精练 Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals （形容词和副词的最高级） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 一、形容词和副词的最高级 用法介绍 最高级用于三者及以上的人或事物之间的比较，表示 “最……”。形容词最高级修饰名词，副词最高级修饰动词、形容词等，其构成需遵循规则，且使用时需明确比较范围。 构成规则 原级 最高级 示例句子 一般情况加 - est tall（高的） tallest He is the tallest in his class.（他是班上最高的。） 以 e 结尾加 - st late（晚的） latest This is the latest news.（这是最新的消息。） 重读闭音节双写尾字母加 - est big（大的） biggest It’s the biggest apple I’ve ever seen.（这是我见过最大的苹果。） 辅音 + y 结尾，变 y 为 i 加 - est easy（容易的） easiest This is the easiest question.（这是最简单的问题。） 多音节词前加 most beautiful（美丽的） most beautiful It’s the most beautiful city in China.（这是中国最美的城市。） 不规则变化（需特殊记忆） good/well（好的 / 好地） best She sings the best in our school.（她在我们学校唱得最好。） bad/badly（坏的 / 坏地） worst This is the worst movie this year.（这是今年最差的电影。） 注意事项 1. 定冠词 the 的使用：形容词最高级前必须加 the；副词最高级前的 the 可省略，如 “She runs (the) fastest.（她跑得最快。）” 2. 比较范围：最高级后常接 in/of 短语说明范围（in 后接场所 / 单位，of 后接群体），如 “He is the youngest in the team.（他是队里最年轻的。）”“She is the oldest of the three.（她是三个人中最大的。）” 3. 避免错误比较：比较对象需属于同一范畴，如错误：“She is taller than any student in her class.（她比班上任何学生都高。）” 正确：“She is taller than any other student in her class.（她比班上其他任何学生都高。）” 二、最高级的特殊句型 用法介绍 最高级有多种特殊句型，用于表达 “最…… 之一”“第几最……” 等含义，需根据语境灵活运用。 句型结构 含义 示例 主语 + be + one of the + 最高级 + 可数名词复数 + in/of 短语 …… 是…… 中最…… 之一 Beijing is one of the largest cities in China.（北京是中国最大的城市之一。） 主语 + be + the + 序数词 + 最高级 + 名词 + in/of 短语 …… 是…… 中第…… 最…… The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.（黄河是中国第二长河。） 注意事项 1. “one of + 最高级 + 复数名词”：谓语动词用单数（因 one 是主语），如 “One of the most popular sports is football.（最受欢迎的运动之一是足球。）” 2. 序数词与最高级搭配：序数词后必须接最高级，且名词用单数，如 “The first tallest building in the world is Burj Khalifa.（世界第一高楼是哈利法塔。）” 3. 避免重复范围：句中已有明确范围时，无需再用冗余表达，如正确：“He is the best player here.（他是这里最好的选手。）” 无需说 “He is the best player in here.” 一、单项选择 1．（24-25八年级上·四川遂宁·期中）Nowadays, China is one of the strongest ________ in the world. I believe it will be ________. A．countries,best and best B．country, better and better C．countries, better and better D．country, more and more better 2．（24-25八年级上·江苏扬州·期中）—Which student made ________ mistakes in your class? —Li Ming did. A．few B．little C．the least D．the fewest 3．（24-25八年级上·江苏宿迁·期中）As the ________ swimmer in the team, she always spends as much time as she can ________ swimming. A．fastest, practising B．faster, practise C．fastest, practise D．faster, practising 4．（24-25八年级上·江苏淮安·期中）Peter is _________ of the five students. A．heavy B．heavier C．heaviest D．the heaviest 5．（24-25八年级上·广东广州·期中）Canton Tower is ________ building in Guangzhou. A．tall B．taller C．tallest D．the tallest 6．（24-25八年级上·北京西城·期中）English is one of ________ subjects in our school. A．important B．more important C．most important D．the most important 7．（24-25八年级上·北京海淀·期中）Of all the students in our class, Lucy is ________. A．the most careful B．more careful C．careful D．most careful 8．（24-25八年级上·江苏南京·期中）When we are in trouble, we should hope for the best but prepare for the ________. A．better B．best C．worse D．worst 9．（24-25八年级上·四川遂宁·期中）—Which clothes store is ________, Miller’s or Blue Moon? —Miller’s, of course. And you can buy clothes ________ there in town. A．the better; the most cheaply B．better; the cheapest C．better; most cheaply D．more good; cheapest 10．（24-25八年级上·江苏南京·期中）Lucy dances ________ in her class, so we choose her to dance at the show. A．much better B．the most beautiful C．more beautifully D．the most beautifully 11．（24-25八年级上·天津河西·期中）Who does homework ________ in your class? A．the most careful B．the most carefully C．more careful D．more carefully 12．（23-24八年级上·河北石家庄·期中）—Our class did well in the school singing competition. —Yes, you sang ________ of all. A．beautifully B．more beautifully C．most beautiful D．most beautifully 13．（23-24八年级上·湖北十堰·期中）—Who jumps ________ in the high jump, Sam, Tom or Jim? —Tom. He won the first place. A．high B．higher C．the higher D．highest 14．（23-24八年级上·湖北宜昌·期中）—Why is Danny so popular with his classmates? —Because he can sing ________ in his class. A．more beautifully B．most beautifully C．more beautiful D．less beautifully 15．（23-24八年级上·湖北孝感·期中）—Who plays the piano _________, Jone, Sam or Jim? — Sam does. A．well B．best C．good D．better 二、完成句子：根据句意在空格处填入一个合适的单词或者用括号所给单词的正确形式填空 1. （24-25八年级上·四川成都·期中）Which student takes his homework in your class? (seriously) 2. （24-25八年级上·四川达州·期中）Kelly writes the (careful) of all the students in our class. 3. （24-25八年级上·江苏扬州·期中）Lucy jumps of all in her class. (far) 4. （24-25八年级上·山东潍坊·期中）—Who jumps (high) in your class? —Lin Tao does. 5. （23-24八年级上·湖北武汉·期中）Which do you like (well) tea, milk or water? 6. （23-24八年级上·甘肃兰州·期中）Sun Cinema is on Center Street and you can sit the (comfortably). 7. （23-24八年级上·江苏淮安·期中）Can you tell me who jumps the ________ (far) in your class? 8. （23-24八年级上·江苏南京·期中）Sam jumps (high) in his class. He once won a gold medal in the sports meeting. 9. （24-25八年级上·四川眉山·期中）Mo Yan is one of the (great) writers in China. 10. （24-25八年级上·江苏无锡·期中）Friends are those who see you at your (bad), and still take you as you are. 11. （24-25八年级上·江苏淮安·期中）My brother is a Grade 9 student. He has (little) free time in my family. 12. （24-25八年级上·甘肃武威·期中）Which is (small), the sun, the earth or the moon? 13. （24-25八年级上·江苏盐城·期中）I have only half an hour for my hobbies at (many) every day. 14. （24-25八年级上·广东东莞·期中）Brown’s serves the (fresh) food in town. But it’s a bit expensive. 15. （24-25八年级上·重庆沙坪坝·期中）Movie World has (comfortable) seats of all the movie theaters. That’s why few people choose to watch movies there. 三、语法选择 Passage 1 （24-25八年级上·重庆沙坪坝·期中）Last month, my family moved to a house with 1 very big garden. I was very happy and always enjoyed 2 in the garden. Everything went on well until one afternoon we heard a noise from the windows. We went out and found a small bird dead. “It flew into the windows.” Dad said. We 3 that it was just an accident. However, in the following days, five more birds died 4 the same way. I wondered why the birds hit the windows one after another. Finally, I found out a 5 . When the birds were flying, they couldn’t 6 into the rooms. They could only see trees that were reflected (倒映) by the windows, so they thought they were flying into a forest. I decided to do something 7 the birds. At first, I tried to cover the windows with some old clothes, 8 it made the room dark. Then I cut some black paper into the shape of a cat. I made seven cats and stuck them to the windows. When the birds saw the paper cats, they would fly away. After that, there were 9 dead birds than before. How 10 I was! 1. A．a B．an C．the 2. A．me B．myself C．my 3. A．think B．thought C．thinks 4. A．in B．on C．about 5. A．reason’s B．reasons C．reason 6. A．saw B．see C．seeing 7. A．save B．to save C．saving 8. A．before B．or C．but 9. A．few B．fewer C．fewest 10. A．clever B．cleverly C．cleverer Passage 2 （23-24八年级上·广东茂名·期中）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 Msituni is a young giraffe born on February 1st at the San Diego Zoo Safari Park. 1 Msituni was born, the zoo workers found that one of her front legs was bending (弯曲) the wrong way. This made it hard for 2 to stand or walk. The zoo workers 3 that Msituni might die, because the bent leg stopped her from getting milk from her mother. The zoo workers tried their best to ask 4 help. Finally workers in a company called Hanger Clinic 5 a special brace(矫正器) for Msituni after studying giraffes day and night. The brace allowed her 6 slowly. After 39 days in the zoo hospital, Msituni was able to walk easily on her own. With the brace, she quickly became much 7 and grew to a more normal size for a giraffe at her age. “It was the coolest thing to see 8 animal like that walk in a brace,” one of the 9 said. “I’m so excited to know that we saved a 10 life.” 1. A．When B．If C．Because 2. A．she B．her C．hers 3. A．worrying B．worried C．worriedly 4. A．of B．to C．for 5. A．made B．make C．makes 6. A．move B．moving C．to move 7. A．healthier B．healthy C．healthiest 8. A．a B．an C．the 9. A．work B．worker C．workers 10. A．giraffe B．giraffe’s C．giraffes Passage 3 （24-25八年级上·重庆九龙坡·期中）从A，B，C三个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。 Do you have a pet cat at home? Many cats love to run around and play 1 when it gets dark. Why are some pet cats so busy at night? A．Because 2 feel safer at night. B．Because it’s 3 for them to catch mice in the dark than in the daytime. C． Because they feel the room is too hot or too cold. D．Because they are worried or have 4 problems. The right answer is D．Many people think that cats are night animals, but this is not true. Most cats make their sleep time the same 5 their owners’(主人的). So, pet cats aren’t usually busy at night. Some cats 6 busy because they are in heat (在发情期). This can make them meow more. When a quiet cat feels worried, it may also make noise and run around. This may happen because of changes (改变)in 7 home life. Problems like high blood pressure (高血压) may also make cats 8 bad at night. 9 reason for the cat to be busy at night is that it still has a lot of energy (能量). 10 owner can play with the cat more before going to bed. It also helps cats to be healthy. 1. A．excited B．excitedly C．exciting 2. A．it B．they C．them 3. A．easier B．easy C．the easiest 4. A．health B．healthy C．healthily 5. A．to B．for C．as 6. A．may B．maybe C．may be 7. A．cat’s B．cats’ C．cats 8. A．to feel B．feel C．feeling 9. A．Other B．Others C．Another 10. A．A B．An C．The 四、语法填空 Passage 1 （24-25八年级上·浙江温州·期中）My name is Pingo. I am a two-year-old emperor penguin (帝企鹅). I live 1 Antarctica (南极洲) with all the other emperor penguins. There are no emperor penguins anywhere else in the world. Together with many other penguins, we make up a group. We spend 2 (we) whole lives here and the temperature can drop to -75℉. We have special 3 (way) of keeping warm. Emperor penguins are 4 (large) penguins in the world. In our group, 5 an emperor penguin is 9 months old, he is fully grown (成年). The tallest in my group is Pablo—4 feet tall. Emperor penguins are heavy too. Pablo is more than 100 pounds. I’m not as tall as Pablo. A funny thing about us is that we are birds with wings (翅膀), 6 we can’t fly. We use our wings 7 (help) us swim faster under water. Most emperor penguins live for 15 to 20 years. Polly, a member of our group, will be 38 this year. She’s 8 (real) old as a penguin. I am getting a little worried about 9 future of emperor penguins. The weather is changing in the Antarctic sea and that could greatly hurt us. Scientists say we could all 10 (die) by the year 2100 if it keeps getting warmer and warmer. That’s too bad. Passage 2 （24-25八年级上·浙江杭州·期中）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 When I turned nine, my parents surprised me with a bird from a pet shop. I named him Bubba, and I was 1 (excite) to have a new friend. But soon, the excitement went away. As a kid, I didn’t know how much work it takes 2 (look) after a bird. My parents didn’t know, either. Bubba lived in 3 small, dirty cage. He couldn’t fly around as he wanted. The bird ended up living a much 4 (short) life than living in the wild. It’s a sad story. 5 (unlucky), it’s a common story. Birds shouldn’t be living in cages, but lots 6 them do. Many people don’t look after these birds 7 (good) and they die young. A lot of people buy birds without thinking too much, just like my family did. Birds can get really sad and lonely in cages, and sometimes they even hurt 8 (them) by pulling out their feathers. So, 9 can we help? It’s easy! Please don’t go to the stores that just put birds in cages as 10 (pet). And tell your friends and family that birds are for the sky, not for cages. Passage 3 （23-24八年级上·湖南长沙·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 We usually think fish can’t talk. But there are a lot of sounds under the sea. In fact, scientists believe that all sea animals, or more than 250,000 1 (kind), can “speak”! “We can hear animals all around us,” UK scientist Steve Simpson told the BBC． Recorders (录音机) help scientists match sounds with sea life. Of all the sea animals, coral reefs (珊瑚礁) are the 2 (loud) in the ocean. Scientists can tell if it’s healthy after 3 (listen) to it. When some coral reefs 4 (die) in 2015 and 2016, they became quiet. Clownfish (小丑鱼) make short sounds when going after small clownfish, because they want to show they are strong. Damselfish (小热带鱼) surprise other fish by 5 (quick) opening and closing its mouth. Mother dolphins (海豚) can use a special sound to talk to 6 (they) babies. The sound is just the same 7 “I’m here”. Now scientists are building 8 online library to get sounds from all over the world. They plan   9 (study) the sounds. Humans also need to understand the sounds from underwater animals 10 they die out (灭绝). 9 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$