【云南专用】Unit 3 Artificial Intelligence（Culture Understanding）-《英语 基础模块3》（高教版2023修订版）《一课一练》（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：基于中职学生英语知识能力普遍薄弱的学情特点，我们始终坚持“以生为本”的教育理念，深度融合支架式教学理论，深度解读最新的《中等职业学校英语课程标准》，匠心打造了契合职教高考命题特色的《英语 基础模块3》（高教版2023修订版）《一课一练》专辑，专辑共40练。 本卷为《英语 基础模块3》（高教版2023修订版） Unit 3 Artificial Intelligence （Culture Understanding）的课后作业。 《英语 基础模块3》（高教版2023修订版） Unit 3 Artificial Intelligence 一课一练（14） Culture Understanding 一、完形填空：根据短文内容，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） Beginning of big data The term “big data” refers to data that is so large, fast or complex that it’s difficult or impossible to process using traditional methods. The act of accessing and storing 1 amounts of information for analytics has been around a long time. But the concept of big data 2 in 2000s. In 2005 Roger Mougalas coined the term big data for the first time and an industry analyst 3 the definition of big data as the three V’s: volume, velocity and variety. Big data in the future What will 4 to big data in the future? Will data continue to grow? What technologies will develop around it? Let’s 5 some of the predictions from about big data. Firstly, data volumes will 6 to grow. There’s no 7 that we will continue producing larger and larger volumes of 8 , with more and more use of the Internet and smart phones. Furthermore, ways to analyse data will 9 and more tools for analysis will appear. More importantly, there are sure to be more regulations to 10 companies from collecting personal data illegally. 1．A．large B．small C．little D．few 2．A．begin B．begins C．began D．begun 3．A．gave B．meant C．referred D．showed 4．A．start B．happen C．know D．process 5．A．see to B．hear about C．look at D．turn in 6．A．need B．continue C．stop D．run 7．A．ask B．answer C．information D．question 8．A．data B．problems C．ways D．difficulties 9．A．seem B．reduce C．disappear D．improve 10．A．use B．make C．enable D．prevent 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．B 7．D 8．A 9．D 10．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文中介绍了大数据的开始及未来。 【详解】 1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：访问和存储用于分析的大量信息的行为已经存在很长时间了。A. large大的；B. small小的；C. little少的；D. few少的。根据前文“The term “big data” refers to data that is so large, fast or complex that it’s difficult or impossible to process using traditional methods. (术语“大数据”指的是那些非常大、非常快或非常复杂的数据，以至于用传统方法很难或不可能处理它们。)”可知是大量的信息，横线后“amounts of”后面通常接表示数量大的词，应是large修饰。故选A。 2．考查过去时态。句意：但大数据的概念始于2000年代。A. begin开始，动词原形；B. begins开始，动词三单；C. began开始，动词过去式；D. begun开始，动词过去分词。根据时间词“in 2000s”可知，时间发生在过去，所以时态为一般过去时，谓语动词为一般过去式。故选C。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：2005年，Roger Mougalas首次创造了“大数据”这个词，一位行业分析师给出了“大数据”的定义，即三个“ V”：数量、速度和多样性。A. gave给；B. meant意思是；C. referred涉及；D. showed展示。根据后文“the definition of big data (大数据的定义)”可知，应是给出定义。故选A。 4．考查动词短语。句意：未来大数据会发生什么？A. start开始；B. happen发生；C. know知道；D. process处理，加工。根据“Will data continue to grow? What technologies will develop around it? (数据会继续增长吗？围绕数据会发展什么技术？)”可知，应是询问将来会发生什么。故选B。 5．考查动词短语。句意：让我们来看看一些关于大数据的预测。A. see to照料；B. hear about听说关于；C. look at看；D. turn in上缴。根据“ Let’s ... some of the predictions from about big data (让我们来看看一些关于大数据的预测)”及后文后文详细介绍大数据的预测，所以横线上应是表示具体观察或研究某些事情。故选C。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：首先，数据量将继续增长。A. need需要；B. continue继续；C. stop阻止；D. run跑步。根据后文“ There’s no ... that we will continue producing larger and larger volumes of ..., with more and more use of the Internet and smart phones. (毫无疑问，随着互联网和智能手机的使用越来越多，我们将继续生产越来越多的数据。)”可知，数据越来越多，所以数据量将继续增长。故选B。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：毫无疑问，随着互联网和智能手机的使用越来越多，我们将继续生产越来越多的数据。A. ask问；B. answer答案；C. information信息；D. question问题。“There’s no question that ...”是一个固定短语，表示“毫无疑问”。故选D。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：毫无疑问，随着互联网和智能手机的使用越来越多，我们将继续生产越来越多的数据。A. data数据；B. problems问题；C. ways方式；D. difficulties困难。根据前文“data volumes will ... to grow (数据量将继续增长)”，指的是将继续产生更多的数据。故选A。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，分析数据的方法将得到改进，将出现更多的分析工具。A. seem似乎；B. reduce减少；C. disappear消失；D. improve提升。根据后文介绍将来能阻止非法收集个人数据，所以方法得到改进。故选D。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：更重要的是，肯定会出台更多法规，防止企业非法收集个人数据。A. use使用；B. make制造；C. enable使能够；D. prevent阻止。根据“... companies from collecting personal data illegally (防止企业非法收集个人数据)”可知，是阻止企业非法收集个人数据。故选D。 二、阅读理解：阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项（共5小题，每小题1分，共5分） There is an old joke among pilots that says the ideal flight crew is a computer, a pilot and a dog. The computer's job is to fly the plane. The pilot is there to feed the dog. And the dog's job is to bite the pilot if he tries to touch the computer. Handling complex tasks to computers is not new. But recent progress in machine learning, a subfield of artificial intelligence (AI), has enabled computers to handle many problems which were previously beyond them. The result has been an AI boom, with computers moving into everything from medical diagnosis and insurance to self-driving cars. There is a problem, though: machine learning works by giving computers the ability to train themselves, which adapts their programming to the task at hand. People struggle to understand exactly how those self-written programs do what they do. When algorithms (计算程序) are doing small tasks, such as playing chess or recommending a film to watch, this “black box” problem can be safely ignored. When they are deciding who gets a loan, or how to drive a car through a crowded city, it is potentially harmful. And when things go wrong, then customers, regulators and the courts will want to know why. For some people this is a reason to hold back AI. France's digital-economy minister, Mounir Mahjoubi, has said that the government should not use any algorithm whose decisions cannot be explained. But that is an overreaction. The difficulties caused by clever computers are not unheard of. Society already has plenty of experience dealing with problematic black boxes; the most common are called human beings, who can't even figure out what's going on in a brain. In response to the weakness in humans, society has evolved a series of workable coping mechanisms, called laws, rules and regulations. Many of these can be applied to machines as well. Humans have worked with computers on complex tasks for decades. One lesson from such applications is that, wherever possible, people should supervise (监督) the machines. In that joke, lots are necessary in case something happens that is beyond the scope of artificial intelligence. As computers spread, companies and governments should ensure the first line of defense is a real person who can overrule the algorithms if necessary. AI is bound to suffer some troubles. But it also promises extraordinary benefits and the difficulties it poses are not unprecedented (无先例的). If the new black boxes prove tricky, there will be time to toughen the rules. 11. Why is the joke mentioned in Paragraph 1? A. To make people laugh. B. To predict future airplane industry. C. To introduce the latest model of airplanes. D. To raise people's awareness of computers performing complex tasks. 12. What has caused the increasing application of computers in various fields? A. The shortage of labor force. B. The rise of artificial intelligence. C. The encouragement of governments. D. The development of economy. 13. Why are some people opposed to AI according to the article? A. Black boxes always go wrong. B. AI may become too smart to be controlled by human beings. C. They don't understand how AI works. D. Computers are trying to replace human beings. 14. What does the author suggest people do with AI? A. Stop panic and welcome AI. B. Reduce the usage of algorithms. C. Supervise AI wherever possible. D. Deal with the “black box” problem. 15. What's the author's attitude towards the development of AI? A. Supportive. B. Indifferent. C. Pessimistic. D. Neutral. 【答案】11. D 12．B 13．C 14．C 15．A 【导语】本文围绕 AI（尤其是机器学习）展开，探讨了其发展使计算机能处理复杂任务并在各领域广泛应用，分析了 “黑箱” 问题（人们难以理解 AI 决策过程），提出应对方法（如人类监督），并表明 AI 虽有挑战但前景可期的观点。 【详解】 11．推理判断题。第一段的笑话提到计算机负责驾驶飞机，暗示计算机能处理复杂任务，其目的是引出 “计算机执行复杂任务” 这一话题，提高人们对该现象的关注，D 选项正确。A 选项 “让人发笑” 是笑话的表面作用，并非主要目的；B 选项 “预测未来航空业”、C 选项 “介绍最新飞机模型” 均与笑话意图无关，故选 D。 12．细节理解题。根据第三段中 “recent progress in machine learning, a subfield of artificial intelligence (AI), has enabled computers to handle many problems which were previously beyond them. The result has been an AI boom, with computers moving into everything from...” 可知，AI（尤其是机器学习）的发展使计算机能处理更多问题，从而在各领域应用增加，B 选项 “人工智能的兴起” 是主要原因。A 选项 “劳动力短缺”、C 选项 “政府鼓励”、D 选项 “经济发展” 在文中均未提及，故选 B。 13．细节理解题。根据第四段中 “People struggle to understand exactly how those self-written programs do what they do...When they are deciding who gets a loan...it is potentially harmful” 可知，一些人反对 AI 是因为他们难以理解 AI 的工作原理（即 “黑箱” 问题），C 选项正确。A 选项 “黑箱总是出错” 错误，文中说 “当出错时”，并非 “总是出错”；B 选项 “AI 太聪明而无法被控制”、D 选项 “计算机试图取代人类” 在文中均未提及，故选 C。 14．细节理解题。根据第六段中 “wherever possible, people should supervise (监督) the machines” 可知，作者建议人们尽可能监督 AI，C 选项正确。A 选项 “停止恐慌并欢迎 AI” 并非具体建议；B 选项 “减少算法使用” 文中未提及；D 选项 “处理‘黑箱’问题” 是面临的问题，而非作者建议的做法，故选 C。 15．推理判断题。最后一段提到 “AI is bound to suffer some troubles. But it also promises extraordinary benefits and the difficulties it poses are not unprecedented”，可见作者认为 AI 虽有挑战，但益处显著，对其发展持支持态度，A 选项正确。B 选项 “漠不关心”、C 选项 “悲观的”、D 选项 “中立的” 均不符合文意，故选 A。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 编写说明：基于中职学生英语知识能力普遍薄弱的学情特点，我们始终坚持“以生为本”的教育理念，深度融合支架式教学理论，深度解读最新的《中等职业学校英语课程标准》，匠心打造了契合职教高考命题特色的《英语 基础模块3》（高教版2023修订版）《一课一练》专辑，专辑共40练。 本卷为《英语 基础模块3》（高教版2023修订版） Unit 3 Artificial Intelligence （Culture Understanding）的课后作业。 《英语 基础模块3》（高教版2023修订版） Unit 3 Artificial Intelligence 一课一练（14） Culture Understanding 一、完形填空：根据短文内容，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） Beginning of big data The term “big data” refers to data that is so large, fast or complex that it’s difficult or impossible to process using traditional methods. The act of accessing and storing 1 amounts of information for analytics has been around a long time. But the concept of big data 2 in 2000s. In 2005 Roger Mougalas coined the term big data for the first time and an industry analyst 3 the definition of big data as the three V’s: volume, velocity and variety. Big data in the future What will 4 to big data in the future? Will data continue to grow? What technologies will develop around it? Let’s 5 some of the predictions from about big data. Firstly, data volumes will 6 to grow. There’s no 7 that we will continue producing larger and larger volumes of 8 , with more and more use of the Internet and smart phones. Furthermore, ways to analyse data will 9 and more tools for analysis will appear. More importantly, there are sure to be more regulations to 10 companies from collecting personal data illegally. 1．A．large B．small C．little D．few 2．A．begin B．begins C．began D．begun 3．A．gave B．meant C．referred D．showed 4．A．start B．happen C．know D．process 5．A．see to B．hear about C．look at D．turn in 6．A．need B．continue C．stop D．run 7．A．ask B．answer C．information D．question 8．A．data B．problems C．ways D．difficulties 9．A．seem B．reduce C．disappear D．improve 10．A．use B．make C．enable D．prevent 二、阅读理解：阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项（共5小题，每小题1分，共5分） There is an old joke among pilots that says the ideal flight crew is a computer, a pilot and a dog. The computer's job is to fly the plane. The pilot is there to feed the dog. And the dog's job is to bite the pilot if he tries to touch the computer. Handling complex tasks to computers is not new. But recent progress in machine learning, a subfield of artificial intelligence (AI), has enabled computers to handle many problems which were previously beyond them. The result has been an AI boom, with computers moving into everything from medical diagnosis and insurance to self-driving cars. There is a problem, though: machine learning works by giving computers the ability to train themselves, which adapts their programming to the task at hand. People struggle to understand exactly how those self-written programs do what they do. When algorithms (计算程序) are doing small tasks, such as playing chess or recommending a film to watch, this “black box” problem can be safely ignored. When they are deciding who gets a loan, or how to drive a car through a crowded city, it is potentially harmful. And when things go wrong, then customers, regulators and the courts will want to know why. For some people this is a reason to hold back AI. France's digital-economy minister, Mounir Mahjoubi, has said that the government should not use any algorithm whose decisions cannot be explained. But that is an overreaction. The difficulties caused by clever computers are not unheard of. Society already has plenty of experience dealing with problematic black boxes; the most common are called human beings, who can't even figure out what's going on in a brain. In response to the weakness in humans, society has evolved a series of workable coping mechanisms, called laws, rules and regulations. Many of these can be applied to machines as well. Humans have worked with computers on complex tasks for decades. One lesson from such applications is that, wherever possible, people should supervise (监督) the machines. In that joke, lots are necessary in case something happens that is beyond the scope of artificial intelligence. As computers spread, companies and governments should ensure the first line of defense is a real person who can overrule the algorithms if necessary. AI is bound to suffer some troubles. But it also promises extraordinary benefits and the difficulties it poses are not unprecedented (无先例的). If the new black boxes prove tricky, there will be time to toughen the rules. 11. Why is the joke mentioned in Paragraph 1? A. To make people laugh. B. To predict future airplane industry. C. To introduce the latest model of airplanes. D. To raise people's awareness of computers performing complex tasks. 12. What has caused the increasing application of computers in various fields? A. The shortage of labor force. B. The rise of artificial intelligence. C. The encouragement of governments. D. The development of economy. 13. Why are some people opposed to AI according to the article? A. Black boxes always go wrong. B. AI may become too smart to be controlled by human beings. C. They don't understand how AI works. D. Computers are trying to replace human beings. 14. What does the author suggest people do with AI? A. Stop panic and welcome AI. B. Reduce the usage of algorithms. C. Supervise AI wherever possible. D. Deal with the “black box” problem. 15. What's the author's attitude towards the development of AI? A. Supportive. B. Indifferent. C. Pessimistic. D. Neutral. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$