Unit 2 Books 被动语态（单元核心语法精练）英语北师大版九年级全册

Unit2 Books 核心语法精练（被动语态） 目录 一.被动语态定义 1 二.被动语态的构成 2 三．易错总结 2 一．单项选择 3 二．一般现在时的被动语态专题训练 7 三．一般过去时的被动语态专项训练 8 四．一般将来时的被动语态专项训练 9 五．含有情态动词的被动语态专项训练 10 一．语法选择 10 二．短文填空 12 一.被动语态定义 主语是动作的执行者(即某人做某事),便叫主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者(即某事被做),便叫被动语态。英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。在英语中只有及物动词和一些相当于及物动词的词组才有被动语态的形式。 主动语态改写为被动语态： 主动句： 主语(人/物) + 谓语(及物动词) + 宾语(人/物) + 其他 + 状语 (动作的执行者) (各种时态形式) (动作的承受者) 被动句： 主语(人/物) + 谓语(及物动词) + by +人 / 物 + 其他 + 状语 (动作的承受者) (be +过去分词) (动作的执行者) 主动语态： I play basketball. 被动语态：Basketball is played by me. 二.被动语态的构成 被动语态由“助动词be +动词的过去分词”构成。 助动词be有时态、人称和数的变化。被动语态后的by短语有时可省去。具体结构见下表： 时态 主动语态 被动语态 一般现在时 ①be ② do/does be(am,is,are)+done 一般过去时 ①was/were ②did be(was,were)+done 一般将来时 will + do be(am,is,are) going to + do will be done be(am is are) going to be done 过去将来时 would+do be(was,were) going to+do would be done be(was,were) going to be done 现在进行时 be(am,is,are) + doing be(am,is,are)+being done 过去进行时 be(was,were) +doing be(was,were)+being done 情态动词 情态动词 + do 情态动词 + be + done 不定时 to do to be done 三．易错总结 1.open,lock,write,read,sell,clean,wash,cut,drive等词作不及物动词时，它们的主语为物，可用主动语态表示被动意义。如： This kind of pen writes very smoothly.这种钢笔写起来很流畅。 The kind of shirts sells well here.这种样式的衬衫在这里卖得很好。 2.look,sound,taste,smell等系动词用主动形式表示被动意义。如： School uniforms look good on us.我们穿着校服很好看。 The cake smells delicious.蛋糕闻起来很香。 一．单项选择 1．（25-26九年级·全国·假期作业）Children should ________ to protect the environment from a young age. A．be told B．be telling C．have told D．tell 【答案】A 【详解】句意：应该告诉孩子们从小就保护环境。 考查被动语态。主语Children是tell的承受者，应用被动语态“be done”，所以空处应是be told。故选A。 2．（上海市松江区（五四制）2024-2025学年八年级下学期期末考试英语试题）The new library in our school ________ next month. A．builds B．will build C．is built D．will be built 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们学校的新图书馆下个月将被建成。 考查一般将来时的被动语态。主语“library”与动词“build”是被动关系（图书馆是被建造的），且时间状语“next month”表示将来，需用将来时的被动语态。故选D。 3．（25-26九年级·全国·假期作业）It is believed that tea ________ to Korea and Japan from China during 6th and 7th centuries. A．brought B．was brought C．is brought D．bring 【答案】B 【详解】句意：据信，茶是在6世纪和7世纪从中国带到韩国和日本的。 考查时态和语态。主语tea和动词bring之间是被动关系，根据“during 6th and 7th centuries.”可知此处用一般过去时的被动语态（was/were + 过去分词）。故选B。 4．（24-25九年级·全国·假期作业）—Would you like to go shopping with me after lunch? —I’d love to, but I ________ to go out this afternoon. A．don’t allow B．will allow C．won’t be allowed D．am not allowed 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——午饭后你愿意和我一起去购物吗？——我很想去，但今天下午我不被允许外出。 考查动词时态和语态。don’t allow不允许，一般现在时主动语态；will allow将会允许，一般将来时主动语态；won’t be allowed不会被允许，一般将来时被动语态；am not allowed不被允许，一般现在时被动语态。根据“—Would you like to go shopping with me after lunch? —I’d love to, but I…to go out this afternoon.”可知，“不被允许外出”是下午将要发生的事，应用一般将来时，且I与allow之间是被动关系，用被动语态will be done，否定形式为won’t be done。故选C。 5．（24-25九年级·全国·假期作业）A number of new houses _________ last year. A．built B．are built C．were built D．will be built 【答案】C 【详解】句意：去年建了许多新房子。     考查动词时态和语态。根据时间状语“last year”可知，句子应使用一般过去时；主语“houses”与动词“build”之间是被动关系，因此要用被动语态。综合分析，此处应使用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。 6．（24-25九年级·全国·假期作业）I think teenagers ________ to make their own decisions. A．should allow B．should be allowed C．be allowed D．be allowing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我认为青少年应该被允许自己做决定。   考查含情态动词的被动语态。根据句意可知，主语“teenagers”与动词“allow”之间是被动关系，应使用被动语态，结构：be+动词过去分词，排除A和D；主语是复数，be动词应使用are，排除C；此处使用含有情态动词的被动语态“should be allowed”表示“应该被允许”。故选B。 7．（24-25九年级下·全国·课后作业）The ideas for the blackboard newspaper ________ by Xiao Ya. A．came up B．were come up C．came up with D．were come up with 【答案】D 【详解】句意：黑板报的点子是由小雅想出来的。 考查被动语态及短语搭配。“come up with”为固定短语，意为“提出（想法）”，主语“ideas”与动词之间为被动关系，需用被动语态（be done）。故选D。 8．（24-25八年级下·吉林长春·期末）—Excuse me, is it my turn to enter the doctor’s office now? —Not yet. Please wait here until your name ________. A．calls B．will call C．is called D．is calling 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——对不起，现在轮到我进医生的办公室了吗？——还没有。请在这里等候，直到有人叫你的名字。 考查时态语态。句子主语“your name”与动词call之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态，此处是until引导的时间状语从句，时态遵循“主将从现”的原则，空处所在的从句应用一般现在时的被动语态，故选C。 9．（2025·四川广元·中考真题）We should be honest to our friends, because it ________ to be our traditional value. A．is considered B．was considered C．considered D．considers 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们应该对朋友诚实，因为这被认为是我们的传统价值观。 考查时态和语态。此处是结构be considered to be“被认为是”，此处描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语是it，be动词用is。故选A。 10．（2025·北京·中考真题）Language learning apps ________ by more and more people these days. A．use B．used C．are used D．were used 【答案】C 【详解】句意：如今，越来越多的人在使用语言学习应用程序。 考查动词时态及被动语态。根据“these days”可知，时态是一般现在时。结合“by”可知，此处是被动语态，应用程序被人们使用。故选C。 11．（25-26八年级上·全国·单元测试）Most of the earth’s surface ________ by water. A．covers B．covered C．is covered D．was covered 【答案】C 【详解】句意：地球表面的大部分被水覆盖着。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“Most of the earth’s surface ... by water.”可知，主语Most of the earth’s surface与cover之间是被动关系，该句且陈述事实，所以用一般现在时的被动语态“am/is/are done”。故选C。 12．（2025九年级·全国·专题练习）A year ________ into four seasons and it has twelve months. A．is divided B．divides C．is dividing D．divided 【答案】A 【详解】句意：一年被分为四季，它有十二个月。 考查被动语态。主语A year与谓语divide之间是动宾关系，且此处是描述客观事实，因此用一般现在时的被动语态is divided。故选A。 13．（24-25八年级下·甘肃酒泉·期末）Look! Half of the hill ________ trees. A．cover B．covered with C．is covered with D．is cover with 【答案】C 【详解】句意：看！半座山都被树覆盖着。 考查被动语态。根据“Half of the hill”与“trees”之间的关系可知，此处指山被树覆盖，be covered with“被……覆盖”，主语为第三人称单数，be动词用is。故选C。 14．（23-24八年级下·全国·假期作业）The students _________ how to do eye exercises just now. A．was taught B．were taught C．is taught D．teaching 【答案】B 【详解】句意：学生们刚才被教怎么做眼保健操。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“just now”可知，本句时态为一般过去时，而主语The students和谓语teach为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态，其谓语结构为“was/were+done”，主语The students是复数，故选B。 15．（23-24八年级下·全国·假期作业）A great number of beautiful flowers ________ on the road in Chengdu these days. A．plant B．are planted C．are planting D．was planted 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这些天在成都的路上种了许多美丽的花。 考查句子时态和语态。plant动词原形；are planted一般现在时的被动语态；are planting现在进行时；was planted一般过去时的被动语态。主语flowers和动词plant之间是动宾关系，结合“these days”可知，时态为一般现在时，所以此处应用一般现在时的被动语态（结构：be+动词过去分词），主语是复数，be动词用are。故选B。 16．（24-25八年级下·上海·期中）The national flag  ________  by us every morning. A．raises B．rises C．is raised D．is risen 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们每天早晨都升起国旗。 考查一般现在时被动语态。raises升起，及物动词；rises上升，不及物动词；is raised被升起；is risen错误表达。根据“The national flag...by us ”以及选项可知，此处须用被动语态，表示国旗被我们升起。故选C。 17．（24-25八年级下·甘肃白银·期末）The 2028 Los Angeles Olympic Games _________ on July 14th. A．holds B．will hold C．is held D．will be held 【答案】D 【详解】句意：2028年洛杉矶奥运会将于7月14日举行。 考查被动语态。根据“The 2028”可知，时态是一般将来时，主语和动词hold是被动关系，所以需要用一般将来时的被动语态。故选D。 18．（24-25八年级下·安徽芜湖·期末）It is said that Wuhu Longwan Yangtze River Tunnel (隧道) ________ in July, 2025. A．will use B．is used C．will be used D．has used 【答案】C 【详解】句意：据说芜湖龙湾长江隧道将于2025年7月投入使用。 考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据“in July，2025”可知，句子应该用一般将来时，排除选项B和D；又因为主语“Wuhu Longwan Yangtze River Tunnel”和谓语动词“use”之间是被动关系，表示隧道被使用，所以应该用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构是“will be+动词的过去分词”。故选C。 19．（24-25八年级下·北京·期末）The new policy _________ by most people in the city now. A．supports B．is supported C．supported D．was supported 【答案】B 【详解】句意：现在这项新政策受到城市里大多数人的支持。 考查动词时态和语态辨析。supports支持，一般现在时，主动语态；is supported被支持，一般现在时，被动语态；supported支持，一般过去时，主动语态；was supported被支持，一般过去时，被动语态。根据“The new policy…by most people in the city now.”可知，句子用一般现在时，且政策是被支持，要用被动语态，is supported符合语境。故选B。 20．（2025·甘肃平凉·二模）—Do you know the Spring Festival became a UN Floating Holiday in 2024? —Yes. The Spring Festival ________ widely in the world nowadays. A．celebrate B．celebrated C．is celebrated D．was celebrated 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你知道春节在2024年成为联合国的浮动节日了吗？——是的，如今春节在全世界广泛地被庆祝。 考查动词的时态和语态。主语“The Spring Festival”是节日，与celebrate之间是被动关系，表示“被庆祝”；根据时间状语“nowadays”可知用一般现在时的被动语态，结构为“is/am/are + 过去分词”。故选C。 二．一般现在时的被动语态专题训练 1.Every year in early October, Albuquerque International Balloon Festival is h　　　in Albuquerque, the biggest city in New Mexico.  答案　held　句意:每年10月初,阿尔伯克基国际热气球节在新墨西哥州最大的城市阿尔伯克基举行。本题考查动词的语态。根据句意可知,此处意思是“举行”,且表示被动,故填held。 2.There is also Hershey, which is well　　　(know)as the chocolate company.  答案　known　短语be well known as...意为“作为……而著名”。 3.It’s also 　　　(call)the Double Ninth Festival.  答案　called　它又被称作重阳节。根据语义可知本句应为被动语态,应用过去分词called。 4.—How clean your car is! —Thank you.It　　　 (wash)very often.  答案　is washed　句意:——你的汽车多干净啊!——谢谢你。它常常被清洗。考查被动语态。It指汽车,动词wash和It之间是被动关系,故用被动语态,由very often可知应用一般现在时。 5.When you　　　 (give)a difficult task,try to continue with it and finish it.  答案　are given　句意:当给你一项困难的任务时,要尽力继续做并且完成它。由句意可知主语you为动作give的承受者,又根据主句为祈使句,可知从句应用一般现在时的被动语态。 6.Qian Xuesen 　　　(consider)as “Father of Missile(导弹) in China”.  答案　is considered　句意:钱学森被认为是“中国的导弹之父”。设空处与主语Qian Xuesen是被动关系,因此使用一般现在时的被动语态。 7.In Switzerland, some of the old clothes are 　　　(卖)in charity shops.  答案　sold　句意:在瑞士,一些旧衣物在慈善商店里售卖。主语是some of the old clothes, be 动词后用过去分词构成被动语态。 8.It　　　(believe) that tea was brought to Korea and Japan during the 6th and 7th centuries.  答案　is believed　It is believed that...人们认为……。 9.You can􀆳t wear shoes inside this place.It　　　 (not allow).  答案　isn’t allowed　句意:你不能在这里面穿鞋。(这里)不允许。本题考查被动语态。根据句意可知,“穿鞋”是不被允许,且这是现存的规定,故应该用一般现在时的被动语态。 10.Chengdu is a greener city now because more and more trees　　　 (plant)every spring.  答案　are planted　句意:成都现在是一座更绿的城市,因为每年春天都有越来越多的树被种植。本题考查被动语态。根据every spring可知应用一般现在时态;树是被种植的,应用被动语态。 三．一般过去时的被动语态专项训练 1.Last week Professor Li was　　　(邀请)to make a speech on Chinese traditional festivals.  答案　invited　句意:上周李教授受邀就中国传统节日发表了演讲。本题考查动词。根据句中的was和中文提示可知此处应填invited。 2.Pennsylvania　　　(give)to the Penn family later. That is how Pennsylvania got its name.  答案　was given　句意:宾夕法尼亚后来被授予Penn家族。此处应用一般过去时的被动语态。 3.Emily is glad that she 　　　(praise) for her honesty at that meeting.  答案　was praised　句意:Emily很高兴,在那次会议上她因为她的诚实受到了表扬。本题考查被动语态。she 和praise之间是被动关系。由at that meeting可知,从句应用一般过去时,故使用一般过去时的被动语态。 4.These model cars　　　 (make)in China in 2013.  答案　were made　本题考查动词的被动语态。根据时间状语in 2013可知,此处应用一般过去时;model cars 应是“被制作”,故用被动语态。 5.Everybody　　　 (move)deeply after they heard the story.  答案　was moved　句意:每个人听了这个故事之后都被深深地感动了。本题考查动词的被动语态。由heard可知本空应用一般过去时。everybody和move之间是被动关系,所以要用一般过去时的被动语态。 6.The Belt and Road Forum(“一带一路”高峰论坛)　　　(hold)successfully in Beijing last month.  答案　was held　句意:“一带一路”高峰论坛上个月在北京成功召开。本题考查被动语态。设空处与主语The Belt and Road Forum是被动关系,根据last month可知是一般过去时的被动语态。 7.When the baby dog 　　　(find), it was very hungry. So we gave it some food.  答案　was found　句意:当这只小狗被发现的时候,它很饿。因此我们喂了它一些食物。本题考查动词的时态和语态。由dog和谓语动词find之间是被动关系可知应用被动语态,又根据it was very hungry可知设空处应用一般过去时的被动语态,即was/were+动词过去分词。 8.Over $30,000　　　 (raise)for a children’s hospital by a British girl several months ago.  答案　was raised　句意:几个月前一个英国女孩为一家儿童医院筹集了3万多美元。本题考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据several months ago可知用一般过去时,因为本句主语与谓语动词之间为被动关系,故用被动语态。 四．一般将来时的被动语态专项训练 1.—Which sport are you in at the school sports meeting? —No decision yet. I think it 　　　(decide) after discussing with my PE teacher.  答案　will be decided　此处表示“我认为在和体育老师讨论之后这件事就会被定下来”。逻辑主语it和decide之间存在被动关系且是还未决定的事,所以用一般将来时的被动语态。 2.You’ll be p　　　 if you break the traffic rules.  答案　punished　句意:如果你违反交通规则,你将要受到惩罚。本句是含if 引导的条件状语从句的复合句,主句是一般将来时,从句用一般现在时。主句中主语与punish为被动关系,所以应用一般将来时的被动语态,故填punished。 3.A new road　　　(build)near my school next year.  答案　will be built　句意:在我的学校附近有一条新路明年将被建成。本题考查被动语态和时态。句子主语为A new road,它与build之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态,时间状语为next year,所以用一般将来时的被动语态。 4.Now it’s much easier to shop online.When your order is ready,the things you want to buy will　　　 (send)to you soon.  答案　be sent　句意:现在网上购物容易多了。在你下单后,你想买的东西很快就会邮寄给你。本题考查一般将来时的被动语态。things和send之间是被动关系,应用被动语态;when引导的时间状语从句是一般现在时,主句要用一般将来时。 5.A new airport will be 　　　(build)in Antarctica(南极洲)by Chinese.  答案　built 　本题考查被动语态。空前的主语A new airport和动词build之间存在被动关系。根据一般将来时的被动语态的结构will be+done可知,此处应填build的过去分词形式built。 6.Libraries or reading corners 　　　(build) in hope primary schools along the way of Long March in a few years.  答案　will be built　句意:在几年后图书馆或者图书角将在长征沿途的希望小学中建成。in a few years几年后,表示将来的时间状语;libraries or reading corners与build之间为被动关系,故用一般将来时的被动语态。 五．含有情态动词的被动语态专项训练 1.Children should　　　(educate)to be honest from a young age.  答案　be educated　句意:孩子应该从小被教育要诚实。本题考查动词的被动语态。children和educate之间是被动关系,应用被动语态;又因设空处前有情态动词,故应用含有情态动词的被动语态:情态动词+be+动词过去分词。 2.Teenagers should 　　　 to take care of themselves from a young age.  A.educate B.be educating C.have educated D.be educated 答案　D　句意:青少年应该从小时候就被教导自己照顾自己。本题考查被动语态。由于本句中主语与谓语构成被动关系,故要用被动语态。故选D项。 一．语法选择 A I knocked into a stranger as he walked by me.“Oh, excuse me,” I said.He 　1　 with a smile and said, “Please excuse me too. I wasn't watching out for you.” We apologized and left.  Later that day, when I 　2　, my daughter was standing too close to me. When I turned to reach for some milk, I nearly knocked her over. “You should 　3　 out of the way!” I shouted. She walked away sadly. But I 　4　 feel that I had to apologize to her.  While I was in bed that evening, my husband said to me, “While dealing with a stranger, you were polite, but with the one you 　5　, you were unkind. Your daughter brought you some flowers that she picked herself this afternoon. You 　6　 them in the kitchen by the door. Have you 　7　 the tears in her eyes?”  I quietly went and knelt down by my daughter's bed.“Honey, I am so sorry. Are these the flowers you picked for me?” I said. “I found them by the tree. I picked them for you. I knew you 　8　 like them, especially the blue ones,” she said.  I tearfully replied, “Sweetie, I'm really sorry for the way I 　9　 today. I shouldn't have shouted at you.”  “It's okay. I love you anyway,” she said as she kissed me on my cheek. If we 　10　 be polite to strangers, why can't we do the same for the ones we love?  1.A.reply　　　 B.replies C.replied　　　 D.is replying 2.A.cook　　　 B.cooks C.cooked　　　 D.was cooking 3.A.move　　　 B.moving C.moves　　　 D.moved 4.A.weren't　　　 B.don't　　　 C.won't　　　 D.didn't 5.A.love　　　 B.loves C.loved　　　 D.will love 6.A.find　　　 B.finds　　　 C.will find　　　 D.found 7.A.see　　　 B.seen　　　 C.sees　　　 D.saw 8.A.did　　　 B.would　　　 C.could　　　 D.had 9.A.act　　　 B.acted C.am acting　　　 D.was acting 10.A.can　　　 B.could　　　 C.may　　　 D.might 文章讲述作者路上撞到陌生人时,尚能够做到诚恳道歉,但差点撞倒女儿时自己却表现得十分不友好。后来在丈夫的提醒下作者意识到了自己的错误并向女儿道歉,得到了女儿的谅解。 1.C　根据前文中的said可知,此处应用一般过去时态,故选C。 2.D　根据语境可知,事情发生在那天的晚些时候,在作者做饭的过程中,应用过去进行时。故选D。 3.A　should后应用动词原形,故选A。 4.D　根据后面的had可知,此处应用一般过去时,故选D。 5.A　在本句中,you love是定语从句,修饰先行词the one。此处丈夫所说的话是对平时事实的描述,应用一般现在时。故选A。 6.C　丈夫告诉作者时,作者还没有发现,所以用一般将来时态。故选C。 7.B　本句是丈夫问作者是否已经看到了女儿的眼泪,故用现在完成时态。故选B。 8.B　此处表示“你会喜欢它们”原本应该用you will like them,但因为主句I knew用的是一般过去时,因此这里应该把will变成would, 故选B。 9.B　由上下文可知,此处是作者为自己之前的行为感到抱歉,故选B。 10.A　根据下文的why can't we...可知,选A。此处can表能够。 B I live in a very old town which 　1　 by beautiful woods. It's a scenic spot.  On Sundays, hundreds of people come from the city to see our town and to walk through the woods. Visitors are asked to keep the woods clean. Litter baskets 　2　 under the trees, but rubbish 　3　 everywhere by people as usual.   Last Wednesday, I went for a walk in the woods. What I saw made me very sad. I found seven old cars and three old refrigerators. The litter baskets were empty and the ground 　4　 with pieces of paper, cigarette ends, old tyres, empty bottles and rusty tins...  Among the rubbish, I found a sign which said, “All the rubbish 　5　 into the baskets. Anyone who leaves litter in these woods 　6　.”  1.A.surround　　　 B.surrounds C.is surrounded　　　 D.will be surrounded 2.A.placed　　　 B.is placed C.was placed　　　 D.have been placed 3.A.throw　　　 B.is thrown C.threw　　　 D.are thrown 4.A.cover　　　 B.covered C.was covered　　　 D.was covering 5.A.must put　　　 B.must be put C.must be putted　　　D.must putting 6.A.will be punished　 B.are punished C.punish　　　 D.punished 文章讲述了作者居住的小镇周围的森林被垃圾污染的现状。 1.C　本题考查动词。根据live可知,此处应用一般现在时,be surrounded by 被……围绕。故选C。 2.D　本题考查动词。此处表示“垃圾篮已经被放置在树下了,但是垃圾还是被人们随地乱扔”。在本句中,并未明确说明Litter baskets是什么时候被放置在树下,只强调结果,所以本句的时态应用现在完成时。主语Litter baskets和place之间为被动关系,故选D。 3.B　本题考查动词。本句是描述人们乱丢垃圾的现象,应用一般现在时,rubbish是不可数名词,且rubbish 和throw之间是被动关系,故选B。 4.C　本题考查动词。根据并列连词and前面的时态可知,本句应用一般过去时;the ground 和cover之间存在被动关系,be covered with 被覆盖着……,故选C。 5.B　本题考查动词。此处表示“所有的垃圾都必须放进篮子里”。the rubbish 和put 之间存在被动关系。含有情态动词的被动语态结构是:can/may/must/should be+done。故选B。 6.A　本题考查动词。标语牌起警示作用,违反了将会被处罚,所以本句应用一般将来时的被动语态。故选A。 二．短文填空 A There are ancient (古代的) stories that can remind us of the power of words. Yan Zi's Visit to the State of Chu is one of them. Yan Zi was the ambassador (大使) of the State of Qi. Once, he went to visit the State of Chu. The king of Chu 　1　(plan) to insult (侮辱) Yan Zi.  Yan Zi was short. The king ordered his soldiers to close the city gate but leave a hole for dogs open. Yan Zi 　2　(ask) to enter through the hole. But Yan Zi was not angry. He said:“I 　3　(ask) to enter through a hole for dogs only when I visit a dog state. Is Chu such a state?”   When the king of Chu heard this, he had to open the gate and welcome Yan Zi in. After the king met Yan Zi, he asked:“Aren't there any capable (能干的) men in Qi? Why was a dwarf (侏儒) sent here?” “Your Majesty (陛下), Qi is never short of capable men. But there is a rule in Qi:First-class ambassadors 　4　(send) to first-class states, and lower-class ones to lower-class states. I am the most incapable man. That's why I am here,” Yan Zi answered.  The king was speechless. He could not look down on Yan Zi any more. Yan Zi's story 　5　 us that a few words can safeguard(保卫) one's dignity(尊严). That's how powerful they are.  本文讲述的是中国的一个经典故事《晏子使楚》。 1.planned　本题考查动词。因为此处是在讲述过去发生的《晏子使楚》的故事,所以时态用一般过去时,故填planned。 2.was asked　本题考查动词。根据上文可知,国王下了命令,要求晏子从狗洞进城。所以在本句中,Yan Zi和ask之间是被动关系,又因为此处同第一题应用一般过去时,故填was asked。 3.will be asked　本题考查动词。根据上文可知,晏子被要求从狗洞进去,所以此处仍然用被动语态。又因本句直接引用晏子当时说的话,所以时态应根据当时的情景来判断。在本句中,根据“主将从现”原则,主句应该用一般将来时,故应填will be asked。 4.are sent　本题考查动词。在本句中,主语First-class ambassadors和send之间存在被动关系,且内容是关于齐国的规则,所以此空应用一般现在时的被动语态,故填are sent。 5.shows/tells　本题考查动词。这个故事向我们显示/告诉我们语言是有力量的,它能捍卫我们的尊严。所以此空动词应用show或tell。此处是在讲一个道理,所以要用一般现在时,主句主语为第三人称单数,故答案应填shows或tells。 B One day, a wise old man 　1　(walk) in the yard when he saw his grandson having an argument with his wife. He asked his grandson, “Why do you raise your voice every time you argue with your wife?”  His grandson answered, “I 　2　 my voice so that my voice is heard.”  “Your wife is close enough for her to hear you when you say the same sentence in a calm manner. Why do you have to raise your voice?” the grandfather 　3　.  “Perhaps because I need to let off some steam (发泄一些怒火) by raising my voice,” his grandson replied. “The steam 　4　(go) out in the same way if you whisper (小声说) to her. So why do that?”  “I've already 　5　 her what I think, but it seems that she doesn't understand my point of view,” the man said unwillingly (不情愿地).   “But you are hurting your wife's feeling while you are shouting at her,” the old man said angrily. “In fact, if you whisper softly, you can both hear each other clearly. So stop raising your voice when you talk to her.” His grandson nodded his head. 本文讲述一位老人看到自己的孙子每次和妻子说话都会提高嗓门,于是对他进行了教育,希望孙子对自己所爱的人要温柔些。 1.was walking　根据语境可知,孙子和妻子在争吵时老人正在散步,又因本文为故事题材,故此处用过去进行时。 2.raise　本句引用孙子说的原话,是孙子一贯的行为,故用一般现在时。此处表示“提高嗓门”,且上文已出现raise,故此空应填raise。 3.asked　本文属于故事题材,时态应用过去时。根据上文“Why do you have to raise your voice?”可知,爷爷是在质问孙子,且上文第一次发问时已出现asked,故此空应填asked。 4.will go　在本句中,if引导条件状语从句,从句用一般现在时,主句应用一般将来时。故答案应填will go。 5.told　根据I've already可知,本句时态为现在完成时。根据语境可知,孙子说他已经告诉他妻子自己的想法了。这里不能用said,spoken或talked,因为这三个词都不可以直接跟人称代词做宾语。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit2 Books 核心语法精练（被动语态） 目录 一.被动语态定义 1 二.被动语态的构成 2 三．易错总结 2 一．单项选择 3 二．一般现在时的被动语态专题训练 7 三．一般过去时的被动语态专项训练 8 四．一般将来时的被动语态专项训练 9 五．含有情态动词的被动语态专项训练 10 一．语法选择 10 二．短文填空 12 一.被动语态定义 主语是动作的执行者(即某人做某事),便叫主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者(即某事被做),便叫被动语态。英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。在英语中只有及物动词和一些相当于及物动词的词组才有被动语态的形式。 主动语态改写为被动语态： 主动句： 主语(人/物) + 谓语(及物动词) + 宾语(人/物) + 其他 + 状语 (动作的执行者) (各种时态形式) (动作的承受者) 被动句： 主语(人/物) + 谓语(及物动词) + by +人 / 物 + 其他 + 状语 (动作的承受者) (be +过去分词) (动作的执行者) 主动语态： I play basketball. 被动语态：Basketball is played by me. 二.被动语态的构成 被动语态由“助动词be +动词的过去分词”构成。 助动词be有时态、人称和数的变化。被动语态后的by短语有时可省去。具体结构见下表： 时态 主动语态 被动语态 一般现在时 ①be ② do/does be(am,is,are)+done 一般过去时 ①was/were ②did be(was,were)+done 一般将来时 will + do be(am,is,are) going to + do will be done be(am is are) going to be done 过去将来时 would+do be(was,were) going to+do would be done be(was,were) going to be done 现在进行时 be(am,is,are) + doing be(am,is,are)+being done 过去进行时 be(was,were) +doing be(was,were)+being done 情态动词 情态动词 + do 情态动词 + be + done 不定时 to do to be done 三．易错总结 1.open,lock,write,read,sell,clean,wash,cut,drive等词作不及物动词时，它们的主语为物，可用主动语态表示被动意义。如： This kind of pen writes very smoothly.这种钢笔写起来很流畅。 The kind of shirts sells well here.这种样式的衬衫在这里卖得很好。 2.look,sound,taste,smell等系动词用主动形式表示被动意义。如： School uniforms look good on us.我们穿着校服很好看。 The cake smells delicious.蛋糕闻起来很香。 一．单项选择 1．（25-26九年级·全国·假期作业）Children should ________ to protect the environment from a young age. A．be told B．be telling C．have told D．tell 2．（上海市松江区（五四制）2024-2025学年八年级下学期期末考试英语试题）The new library in our school ________ next month. A．builds B．will build C．is built D．will be built 3．（25-26九年级·全国·假期作业）It is believed that tea ________ to Korea and Japan from China during 6th and 7th centuries. A．brought B．was brought C．is brought D．bring 4．（24-25九年级·全国·假期作业）—Would you like to go shopping with me after lunch? —I’d love to, but I ________ to go out this afternoon. A．don’t allow B．will allow C．won’t be allowed D．am not allowed 5．（24-25九年级·全国·假期作业）A number of new houses _________ last year. A．built B．are built C．were built D．will be built 6．（24-25九年级·全国·假期作业）I think teenagers ________ to make their own decisions. A．should allow B．should be allowed C．be allowed D．be allowing 7．（24-25九年级下·全国·课后作业）The ideas for the blackboard newspaper ________ by Xiao Ya. A．came up B．were come up C．came up with D．were come up with 8．（24-25八年级下·吉林长春·期末）—Excuse me, is it my turn to enter the doctor’s office now? —Not yet. Please wait here until your name ________. A．calls B．will call C．is called D．is calling 9．（2025·四川广元·中考真题）We should be honest to our friends, because it ________ to be our traditional value. A．is considered B．was considered C．considered D．considers 10．（2025·北京·中考真题）Language learning apps ________ by more and more people these days. A．use B．used C．are used D．were used 11．（25-26八年级上·全国·单元测试）Most of the earth’s surface ________ by water. A．covers B．covered C．is covered D．was covered 12．（2025九年级·全国·专题练习）A year ________ into four seasons and it has twelve months. A．is divided B．divides C．is dividing D．divided 13．（24-25八年级下·甘肃酒泉·期末）Look! Half of the hill ________ trees. A．cover B．covered with C．is covered with D．is cover with 14．（23-24八年级下·全国·假期作业）The students _________ how to do eye exercises just now. A．was taught B．were taught C．is taught D．teaching 15．（23-24八年级下·全国·假期作业）A great number of beautiful flowers ________ on the road in Chengdu these days. A．plant B．are planted C．are planting D．was planted 16．（24-25八年级下·上海·期中）The national flag  ________  by us every morning. A．raises B．rises C．is raised D．is risen 17．（24-25八年级下·甘肃白银·期末）The 2028 Los Angeles Olympic Games _________ on July 14th. A．holds B．will hold C．is held D．will be held 18．（24-25八年级下·安徽芜湖·期末）It is said that Wuhu Longwan Yangtze River Tunnel (隧道) ________ in July, 2025. A．will use B．is used C．will be used D．has used 19．（24-25八年级下·北京·期末）The new policy _________ by most people in the city now. A．supports B．is supported C．supported D．was supported 20．（2025·甘肃平凉·二模）—Do you know the Spring Festival became a UN Floating Holiday in 2024? —Yes. The Spring Festival ________ widely in the world nowadays. A．celebrate B．celebrated C．is celebrated D．was celebrated 二．一般现在时的被动语态专题训练 1.Every year in early October, Albuquerque International Balloon Festival is h　　　in Albuquerque, the biggest city in New Mexico.  2.There is also Hershey, which is well　　　(know)as the chocolate company.  3.It’s also 　　　(call)the Double Ninth Festival.  4.—How clean your car is! —Thank you.It　　　 (wash)very often.  5.When you　　　 (give)a difficult task,try to continue with it and finish it.  6.Qian Xuesen 　　　(consider)as “Father of Missile(导弹) in China”.  7.In Switzerland, some of the old clothes are 　　　(卖)in charity shops.  8.It　　　(believe) that tea was brought to Korea and Japan during the 6th and 7th centuries.  9.You can􀆳t wear shoes inside this place.It　　　 (not allow).  10.Chengdu is a greener city now because more and more trees　　　 (plant)every spring.  三．一般过去时的被动语态专项训练 1.Last week Professor Li was　　　(邀请)to make a speech on Chinese traditional festivals.  2.Pennsylvania　　　(give)to the Penn family later. That is how Pennsylvania got its name.  3.Emily is glad that she 　　　(praise) for her honesty at that meeting.  4.These model cars　　　 (make)in China in 2013.  5.Everybody　　　 (move)deeply after they heard the story.  6.The Belt and Road Forum(“一带一路”高峰论坛)　　　(hold)successfully in Beijing last month.  7.When the baby dog 　　　(find), it was very hungry. So we gave it some food.  8.Over $30,000　　　 (raise)for a children’s hospital by a British girl several months ago.  四．一般将来时的被动语态专项训练 1.—Which sport are you in at the school sports meeting? —No decision yet. I think it 　　　(decide) after discussing with my PE teacher.  2.You’ll be p　　　 if you break the traffic rules.  3.A new road　　　(build)near my school next year.  4.Now it’s much easier to shop online.When your order is ready,the things you want to buy will　　　 (send)to you soon.  5.A new airport will be 　　　(build)in Antarctica(南极洲)by Chinese.  6.Libraries or reading corners 　　　(build) in hope primary schools along the way of Long March in a few years.  五．含有情态动词的被动语态专项训练 1.Children should　　　(educate)to be honest from a young age.  2.Teenagers should 　　　 to take care of themselves from a young age.  A.educate B.be educating C.have educated D.be educated 一．语法选择 A I knocked into a stranger as he walked by me.“Oh, excuse me,” I said.He 　1　 with a smile and said, “Please excuse me too. I wasn't watching out for you.” We apologized and left.  Later that day, when I 　2　, my daughter was standing too close to me. When I turned to reach for some milk, I nearly knocked her over. “You should 　3　 out of the way!” I shouted. She walked away sadly. But I 　4　 feel that I had to apologize to her.  While I was in bed that evening, my husband said to me, “While dealing with a stranger, you were polite, but with the one you 　5　, you were unkind. Your daughter brought you some flowers that she picked herself this afternoon. You 　6　 them in the kitchen by the door. Have you 　7　 the tears in her eyes?”  I quietly went and knelt down by my daughter's bed.“Honey, I am so sorry. Are these the flowers you picked for me?” I said. “I found them by the tree. I picked them for you. I knew you 　8　 like them, especially the blue ones,” she said.  I tearfully replied, “Sweetie, I'm really sorry for the way I 　9　 today. I shouldn't have shouted at you.”  “It's okay. I love you anyway,” she said as she kissed me on my cheek. If we 　10　 be polite to strangers, why can't we do the same for the ones we love?  1.A.reply　　　 B.replies C.replied　　　 D.is replying 2.A.cook　　　 B.cooks C.cooked　　　 D.was cooking 3.A.move　　　 B.moving C.moves　　　 D.moved 4.A.weren't　　　 B.don't　　　 C.won't　　　 D.didn't 5.A.love　　　 B.loves C.loved　　　 D.will love 6.A.find　　　 B.finds　　　 C.will find　　　 D.found 7.A.see　　　 B.seen　　　 C.sees　　　 D.saw 8.A.did　　　 B.would　　　 C.could　　　 D.had 9.A.act　　　 B.acted C.am acting　　　 D.was acting 10.A.can　　　 B.could　　　 C.may　　　 D.might B I live in a very old town which 　1　 by beautiful woods. It's a scenic spot.  On Sundays, hundreds of people come from the city to see our town and to walk through the woods. Visitors are asked to keep the woods clean. Litter baskets 　2　 under the trees, but rubbish 　3　 everywhere by people as usual.   Last Wednesday, I went for a walk in the woods. What I saw made me very sad. I found seven old cars and three old refrigerators. The litter baskets were empty and the ground 　4　 with pieces of paper, cigarette ends, old tyres, empty bottles and rusty tins...  Among the rubbish, I found a sign which said, “All the rubbish 　5　 into the baskets. Anyone who leaves litter in these woods 　6　.”  1.A.surround　　　 B.surrounds C.is surrounded　　　 D.will be surrounded 2.A.placed　　　 B.is placed C.was placed　　　 D.have been placed 3.A.throw　　　 B.is thrown C.threw　　　 D.are thrown 4.A.cover　　　 B.covered C.was covered　　　 D.was covering 5.A.must put　　　 B.must be put C.must be putted　　　D.must putting 6.A.will be punished　 B.are punished C.punish　　　 D.punished 二．短文填空 A There are ancient (古代的) stories that can remind us of the power of words. Yan Zi's Visit to the State of Chu is one of them. Yan Zi was the ambassador (大使) of the State of Qi. Once, he went to visit the State of Chu. The king of Chu 　1　(plan) to insult (侮辱) Yan Zi.  Yan Zi was short. The king ordered his soldiers to close the city gate but leave a hole for dogs open. Yan Zi 　2　(ask) to enter through the hole. But Yan Zi was not angry. He said:“I 　3　(ask) to enter through a hole for dogs only when I visit a dog state. Is Chu such a state?”   When the king of Chu heard this, he had to open the gate and welcome Yan Zi in. After the king met Yan Zi, he asked:“Aren't there any capable (能干的) men in Qi? Why was a dwarf (侏儒) sent here?” “Your Majesty (陛下), Qi is never short of capable men. But there is a rule in Qi:First-class ambassadors 　4　(send) to first-class states, and lower-class ones to lower-class states. I am the most incapable man. That's why I am here,” Yan Zi answered.  The king was speechless. He could not look down on Yan Zi any more. Yan Zi's story 　5　 us that a few words can safeguard(保卫) one's dignity(尊严). That's how powerful they are.  B One day, a wise old man 　1　(walk) in the yard when he saw his grandson having an argument with his wife. He asked his grandson, “Why do you raise your voice every time you argue with your wife?”  His grandson answered, “I 　2　 my voice so that my voice is heard.”  “Your wife is close enough for her to hear you when you say the same sentence in a calm manner. Why do you have to raise your voice?” the grandfather 　3　.  “Perhaps because I need to let off some steam (发泄一些怒火) by raising my voice,” his grandson replied. “The steam 　4　(go) out in the same way if you whisper (小声说) to her. So why do that?”  “I've already 　5　 her what I think, but it seems that she doesn't understand my point of view,” the man said unwillingly (不情愿地).   “But you are hurting your wife's feeling while you are shouting at her,” the old man said angrily. “In fact, if you whisper softly, you can both hear each other clearly. So stop raising your voice when you talk to her.” His grandson nodded his head. 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$