内容正文:
单元核心语法·精练
Unit 1 A new start
(人称代词和物主代词)
内容提要
核心语法回顾
专项能力突破
解题综合提升
一、人称代词
用法介绍
人称代词用于指代人或事物,分为主格和宾格。主格在句中作主语,表明动作的执行者;宾格在句中作宾语,是动作的承受者,还可作表语(常用于口语)。另外,在特定语境中,人称代词的使用顺序有相应规则。
分类
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
主格
I(我);we(我们)
you(你;你们)
he(他);she(她);it(它);they(他们 / 她们 / 它们)
宾格
me(我);us(我们)
you(你;你们)
him(他);her(她);it(它);them(他们 / 她们 / 它们)
人称代词使用顺序
人称代词并列作主语时,顺序为第二人称、第三人称、第一人称,即 you, he/she/it and I。例1:You, he and I are good friends.(你、他和我是好朋友。)
例2:We, you and they should work together.(我们、你们和他们应该共同努力。)
注意事项
1. 主谓一致:人称代词作主语时,谓语动词的形式要与主语的人称和数保持一致。例如,I am a student.(我是一名学生。);He likes reading.(他喜欢阅读。)
2. 宾格的使用场景:除了在及物动词后作宾语,在介词后也需使用宾格形式。例如,Give it to me.(把它给我。)这里的 “to” 是介词,所以用 “me”。
3. 特殊情况:当不确定所指对象的性别时,常用 “it” 来指代,如敲门时问 “Who is it?”(谁呀?);指代婴儿或幼儿时,也常用 “it” 。
4. 并列顺序的特殊情况:当要承担责任或涉及不好的事件时,通常把第一人称放在前面。例如,I, he and you will be punished for doing that.(我、他和你都要因做这事而受惩罚。)表示男女的代词并排使用时,通常是先男后女,如 Nobody wants to go hiking except him and her.(除了他和她,没有人想去徒步。)
二、物主代词
用法介绍
物主代词表示所属关系,分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。形容词性物主代词具有形容词的性质,后面必须接名词;名词性物主代词具有名词的性质,相当于 “形容词性物主代词 + 名词”,可单独使用,在句中作主语、宾语或表语。
分类
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
形容词性物主代词
my(我的);our(我们的)
your(你的;你们的)
his(他的);her(她的);its(它的);their(他们的 / 她们的 / 它们的)
名词性物主代词
mine(我的);ours(我们的)
yours(你的;你们的)
his(他的);hers(她的);its(它的);theirs(他们的 / 她们的 / 它们的)
用法示例
1. 形容词性物主代词:This is my book.(这是我的书。)
2. 名词性物主代词:The book is mine.(这本书是我的。)
3. 名词性物主代词 = 形容词性物主代词 + 名词,如:This is her pen. That pen is hers.(hers = her pen)
注意事项
1. 避免重复:在使用名词性物主代词时,要确保前文已经提及相关名词,以避免造成指代不明。例如,There are many books. The red one is mine.(有很多书。红色的那本是我的。)这里 “mine” 指代 “my book”,前提是前面提到了 “books”。
2. 特殊变化:“it” 的形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词形式相同,都是 “its”;“he” 的名词性物主代词 “his” 与形容词性物主代词形式一样;“she” 的名词性物主代词 “hers”,“my” 的名词性物主代词 “mine”,是特殊变化,需特别记忆 。
3. 修饰名词的一致性:形容词性物主代词要与所修饰的名词在人称和数上保持一致。例如,Our classroom is big.(我们的教室很大。)不能说 “My classroom is big”(除非说话者是一个人代表集体表达) 。
一、单项选择
1. (24-25七年级上·云南·期中)—________ your parents in the first photo?
—Yes, ________ are. I love them.
A.Are; They B.Is; They C.Are; they D.Is; they
2. (24-25七年级上·四川遂宁·期中)—Are ________ Tom’s friend?
—Yes, and ________ name is Lily .
A.you; I B.you; my C.he; my D.he; I
3. (24-25七年级上·四川德阳·期中)It’s a big tomato. (变复数句)
________ big ________.
A.They, tomatoes B.They’re, tomatos C.They’re, tomatoes D.They, tomatos
4. (24-25七年级上·江苏镇江·期中)—Who’s your English teacher, boys and girls?
—Miss Wu. She teaches very well, and everyone likes ________.
A.him B.he C.her D.she
5. (24-25七年级上·江苏连云港·期中)Our form teacher teaches ________ English and we can learn a lot from ________.
A.us; she B.our; she C.us; her D.our; her
6. (24-25七年级上·江苏扬州·期中)Let ________ help with the chores, Mom.
A.my sister and I B.me and my sister C.I and my sister D.my sister and me
7. (23-24七年级上·湖北武汉·期中)—I can’t find my ruler. What about ________? I want to use it.
—It’s on Jenny’s desk. You can ask ________ for it.
A.you; her B.yours; she C.yours; her D.you; she
8. (24-25七年级上·广东江门·期中)The book on the shelf is _______. She wrote _______ name on its cover _______.
A.hers; her; herself B.her; hers; herself C.herself; her; hers D.her; herself; herself
9. (24-25七年级上·四川广元·期中)He is Teng Fei. ______ bag is blue.
A.He B.She C.Her D.His
10. (24-25七年级上·河北石家庄·期中)Mr. Jackson is a good writer, and we all like reading ________ books.
A.his B.her C.their D.your
11.(23-24七年级上·北京大兴·期末)—What is Jack’s favourite subject, Alice?
—_________ favourite subject is science.
A.Your B.My C.Her D.His
12.(24-25七年级上·安徽合肥·期中)—Is this shirt ________?
—No, ________ shirt is over there.
A.yours; my B.yours; mine C.you; mine D.you; my
13.(24-25七年级上·重庆沙坪坝·期中)Ms Black is from the capital (首都) of the UK. ________ name is London.
A.It B.It’s C.Its D.That’s
14.(24-25七年级上·安徽合肥·期中)—Mike, is this yellow sweater your sister’s?
—No, it isn’t. ________ is purple.
A.His B.Hers C.She’s D.He’s
15.(24-25七年级上·江苏宿迁·期中)This is Ms Lin. ________ English name is Cindy. She teaches ________ English.
A.She; our B.She; us C.Her; our D.Her; us
二、完成句子:根据句意在空格处填入一个合适的单词或者用括号所给单词的正确形式填空
1. (24-25七年级上·河南南阳·期中)Kangkang’s uncle is a bus driver. He likes (he) job.
2. (24-25七年级上·云南·期中)May I have name? (you)
3. (24-25七年级上·浙江金华·期中)Coco is a new friend of (I) at junior high.
4. (24-25七年级上·四川内江·期中) (she) pen is red and (you) pen is black.
5. (24-25七年级上·四川凉山·期中) (she) favorite colour is blue.
6. (24-25七年级上·福建厦门·期中) (he) ping-pong bat is under the chair.
7. (24-25七年级上·福建厦门·期中)The blue bike is Jane’s. Blue is (she) favourite colour.
8. (24-25七年级上·福建厦门·期中)Parents always give the best love to (they) children.
9. (24-25七年级上·四川达州·期中)Mr Brown tells some interesting stories to (we).
10. (24-25七年级上·浙江金华·期中) (I) looked up at the teacher with a smile.
11. (24-25七年级上·江苏泰州·期中)Thanks a lot for showing (they) around the new school.
12. (24-25七年级上·福建泉州·期中)Our mother always drive (we) to school.
13. (24-25七年级上·吉林长春·期中)Hello, everyone. Let (I) introduce my family to you.
14. (24-25七年级上·重庆綦江·期中)They often play football with , they’re friends. (we)
15. (24-25七年级上·江苏扬州·期中)Can you hear (she) well on the phone?
三、语法选择
Passage 1
(24-25七年级上·广东东莞·期中)I’m a student in No.2 middle school. I want 1 you something about my new classroom. It is nice 2 clean. What’s in the classroom? Look, a long blackboard and a flag 3 in the front of the classroom. 4 flag is red and I think it’s very beautiful. There are thirty-eight small desks and 5 . This is a teacher’s desk. A computer is on the big desk. Teachers use it to give us classes. We can also use it for study.
Let’s look at the back wall. You can see 6 beautiful photos. We took them together. Our teacher puts them 7 the wall so everyone can see them. What is this on the floor? Oh, it’s our volleyball. Most of the students like 8 volleyball in our class and we are good at it. Every Friday afternoon, we play it 9 on the sports field. We 10 a volleyball game at school next week. I think my classroom is great! Do you like my classroom?
1. A.tell B.to tell C.telling
2. A.but B.or C.and
3. A.is B.be C.are
4. A.The B.A C.An
5. A.chair B.chair’s C.chairs
6. A.we B.us C.our
7. A.on B.at C.in
8. A.played B.play C.playing
9. A.happy B.happily C.happiness
10. A.have B.had C.will have
Passage 2
(24-25七年级上·广东汕头·期中)Mr. Black is a teacher in Southwark School. He 1 Class 3. His students are thirteen or fourteen years old. His students learn all 2 with him. He knows his students well and his students knows 3 well, too!
This year, Mr. Black and his wife (妻子) have 4 new baby. They are very busy. He 5 have time to make a big breakfast. So he always has a quick one—some bread and a glass of milk. 6 does he go to work then? He takes a bus and he is never late 7 work.
Math is his favorite subject to teach. Some students think math is 8 . He likes to help them and feels happy when they can 9 well in math. Mrs. Lewis, the teacher of Class 2, is good at telling stories. Sometimes she tells Mr. Black’s class stories 10 Mr. Black does math with her class.
Mr. Black really likes teaching. He says children like learning new things.
1. A.teach B.teaches C.taught
2. A.subject B.subjects C.subjects’
3. A.him B.he C.his
4. A.a B.an C.the
5. A.isn’t B.don’t C.doesn’t
6. A.How B.What C.Where
7. A.with B.on C.for
8. A.difficulty B.difficultly C.difficult
9. A.do B.doing C.to do
10. A.or B.so C.and
Passage 3
(23-24七年级上·广东惠州·期中)阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,从各题所给的A、B、C中选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I’m Paul. I’m a primary student. Let me 1 you something about my new classroom.
Look! There are forty-eight desks and forty-eight chairs in my classroom. 2 are small but clean. They are our desks and chairs. There 3 forty-eight students in our class, 26 boys and 22 girls.
There is also a big desk 4 the classroom. 5 desk is our teacher’s. Sue is next to it. She likes 6 a book. 7 bag is under the desk. There is also a television in our classroom. 8 is the television? It is 9 the wall.
We like our classroom. It is a very beautiful classroom. It’s big 10 clean. We clean it every day.
1. A.tell B.telling C.to tell
2. A.They B.Their C.Them
3. A.is B.are C.be
4. A.in front of B.in the front of C.at front of
5. A.A B.An C.The
6. A.read B.reads C.reading
7. A.She B.Her C.His
8. A.What B.How C.Where
9. A.on B.in C.at
10. A.or B.but C.and
四、语法填空
Passage 1
(24-25七年级上·福建福州·期中)阅读下面短文,根据语境或所给单词的提示,在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词,要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确,使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
Hello, everyone! Welcome to our Sunshine Club: I’m Mary. Let 1 (I) show you around now.
First, let’s go to the music room. There 2 (be) 20 students in it. Miss Black is an 3 (America) teacher. She is kind and she makes friends 4 students. Next we are going to another room—the art room. You can draw 5 (picture) in this room. That is 6 (they) teacher, Mr Green. He is very 7 (friend).
Finally, it’s time to visit 8 chess room. Here all the students are very quiet—no one 9 (talk). The tall man with short hair is Mr White. Kids like his classes.
In the end, I hope all of you have fun here 10 you are welcome to join us.
Passage 2
(24-25七年级上·辽宁盘锦·开学考试)阅读短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空,使短文通顺、连贯。
Do you know Chatbots (聊天机器人) and other AI programs (人工智能项目)? Do 1 (student) need them at school? Do teachers need them at school, too? People look at it in different ways.
Some people think Chatbots are useful to help students 2 their study. They can give answers to 3 (them) questions. They can guide (引导) students with questions. Chatbots can work seven days a week and twenty-four 4 (hour) a day. They can work with teachers, too. They can help teachers do lesson plans.
But Chatbots 5 (be) not always useful. Students need 6 (learn) things about computer first. They may use computers later, 7 now they learn penmanship (书法) and spelling at school. Some teachers do not use AI programs 8 (good), so they can’t get much help from them for their teaching and students. AI programs do not have human connection (人类连接). Students need that in their school life. A Chatbot only 9 (give) students answers. 10 teacher knows how to help students get answers.
Passage 3
(24-25七年级上·四川眉山·期中)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
He Wenhao is a middle school student in Suxun. He is 1 (real) busy on school days. He gets up at 6:30. After breakfast, he goes to school. He walks to school 2 his home is next to the school. He has seven 3 (class), four in the morning and three in the afternoon. He studies nine subjects at school. They are 4 (China), maths, English, science, history, geography, music, art and PE. And 5 (he) favourite subject is history. 6 does he like history? There are two reasons. He says he can learn a lot about the past of China and the history lessons are very 7 (interest). He Wenhao goes home at five. After dinner, he does homework. After that, he always watches TV at home and then he goes out 8 (play) sport.
Mark is He Wenhao’s e-friend. He comes from London. And he is a middle school student, too. But Mark’s school life is relaxing. He goes to school at 8:30. On school days, he only has five lessons. Mark’s favourite subject is maths because he is good 9 numbers. And he thinks maths is useful. He says it helps him a lot in his life. The last class in the afternoon 10 (finish) at three. He doesn’t have so much homework to do.
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$$单元核心语法·精练
Unit 1 A new start
(人称代词和物主代词)
内容提要
核心语法回顾
专项能力突破
解题综合提升
一、人称代词
用法介绍
人称代词用于指代人或事物,分为主格和宾格。主格在句中作主语,表明动作的执行者;宾格在句中作宾语,是动作的承受者,还可作表语(常用于口语)。另外,在特定语境中,人称代词的使用顺序有相应规则。
分类
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
主格
I(我);we(我们)
you(你;你们)
he(他);she(她);it(它);they(他们 / 她们 / 它们)
宾格
me(我);us(我们)
you(你;你们)
him(他);her(她);it(它);them(他们 / 她们 / 它们)
人称代词使用顺序
人称代词并列作主语时,顺序为第二人称、第三人称、第一人称,即 you, he/she/it and I。例1:You, he and I are good friends.(你、他和我是好朋友。)
例2:We, you and they should work together.(我们、你们和他们应该共同努力。)
注意事项
1. 主谓一致:人称代词作主语时,谓语动词的形式要与主语的人称和数保持一致。例如,I am a student.(我是一名学生。);He likes reading.(他喜欢阅读。)
2. 宾格的使用场景:除了在及物动词后作宾语,在介词后也需使用宾格形式。例如,Give it to me.(把它给我。)这里的 “to” 是介词,所以用 “me”。
3. 特殊情况:当不确定所指对象的性别时,常用 “it” 来指代,如敲门时问 “Who is it?”(谁呀?);指代婴儿或幼儿时,也常用 “it” 。
4. 并列顺序的特殊情况:当要承担责任或涉及不好的事件时,通常把第一人称放在前面。例如,I, he and you will be punished for doing that.(我、他和你都要因做这事而受惩罚。)表示男女的代词并排使用时,通常是先男后女,如 Nobody wants to go hiking except him and her.(除了他和她,没有人想去徒步。)
二、物主代词
用法介绍
物主代词表示所属关系,分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。形容词性物主代词具有形容词的性质,后面必须接名词;名词性物主代词具有名词的性质,相当于 “形容词性物主代词 + 名词”,可单独使用,在句中作主语、宾语或表语。
分类
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
形容词性物主代词
my(我的);our(我们的)
your(你的;你们的)
his(他的);her(她的);its(它的);their(他们的 / 她们的 / 它们的)
名词性物主代词
mine(我的);ours(我们的)
yours(你的;你们的)
his(他的);hers(她的);its(它的);theirs(他们的 / 她们的 / 它们的)
用法示例
1. 形容词性物主代词:This is my book.(这是我的书。)
2. 名词性物主代词:The book is mine.(这本书是我的。)
3. 名词性物主代词 = 形容词性物主代词 + 名词,如:This is her pen. That pen is hers.(hers = her pen)
注意事项
1. 避免重复:在使用名词性物主代词时,要确保前文已经提及相关名词,以避免造成指代不明。例如,There are many books. The red one is mine.(有很多书。红色的那本是我的。)这里 “mine” 指代 “my book”,前提是前面提到了 “books”。
2. 特殊变化:“it” 的形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词形式相同,都是 “its”;“he” 的名词性物主代词 “his” 与形容词性物主代词形式一样;“she” 的名词性物主代词 “hers”,“my” 的名词性物主代词 “mine”,是特殊变化,需特别记忆 。
3. 修饰名词的一致性:形容词性物主代词要与所修饰的名词在人称和数上保持一致。例如,Our classroom is big.(我们的教室很大。)不能说 “My classroom is big”(除非说话者是一个人代表集体表达) 。
一、单项选择
1. (24-25七年级上·云南·期中)—________ your parents in the first photo?
—Yes, ________ are. I love them.
A.Are; They B.Is; They C.Are; they D.Is; they
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——你的父母在第一张照片里吗?——是的,他们是。我爱他们。
考查主谓一致以及代词用法。根据“…your parents in the first photo?”可知,一般疑问句中,主语是“your parents”,第一个空应用Are;此处作肯定回答,应表达为“Yes, 主语+are”,主语应用they,指代“your parents”。故选C。
2. (24-25七年级上·四川遂宁·期中)—Are ________ Tom’s friend?
—Yes, and ________ name is Lily .
A.you; I B.you; my C.he; my D.he; I
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你是Tom的朋友吗?——是的,我的名字是Lily。
考查代词辨析。you你;I我;my我的;he他。此处是两人对话,因此问“你”是……吗?,回答应该以第一人称表示,修饰名词用形容词性物主代词my。故选B。
3. (24-25七年级上·四川德阳·期中)It’s a big tomato. (变复数句)
________ big ________.
A.They, tomatoes B.They’re, tomatos C.They’re, tomatoes D.They, tomatos
【答案】C
【详解】句意:这是一个大的西红柿。
考查名词的数和代词。变复数句时,需要将主语和宾语都变为复数。It is变为“They are”,其缩写形式“They’re”;tomato是有生命的以o结尾的名词,复数形式为“tomatoes”。故选C。
4. (24-25七年级上·江苏镇江·期中)—Who’s your English teacher, boys and girls?
—Miss Wu. She teaches very well, and everyone likes ________.
A.him B.he C.her D.she
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——你们的英语老师是谁,孩子们?——吴小姐。她教得很好,大家都喜欢她。
考查代词辨析。him他,宾格;he他,主格;her她或她的,宾格或形容词性物主代词;she她,主格。根据“Miss Wu. She teaches very well, and everyone likes”可知,此处作likes的宾语,应该用宾格her指代前面的吴小姐。故选C。
5. (24-25七年级上·江苏连云港·期中)Our form teacher teaches ________ English and we can learn a lot from ________.
A.us; she B.our; she C.us; her D.our; her
【答案】C
【详解】句意:们的班主任教我们英语,我们可以从她那里学到很多东西。
考查代词的用法。us我们,宾格代词;she她,主格代词;our我们的,形容词性物主代词;her她/她的,宾格代词或形容词性物主代词。空一处作动词teaches的宾语,用宾格代词us;空二处位于介词from后,用宾格代词her。故选C。
6. (24-25七年级上·江苏扬州·期中)Let ________ help with the chores, Mom.
A.my sister and I B.me and my sister C.I and my sister D.my sister and me
【答案】D
【详解】句意:让妹妹和我帮助做家务,妈妈。
考查人称代词的顺序。在英语中,当人称代词作为宾语时,应该使用宾格形式,且将他人放在自己前面以示尊重。选项D符合这两个要求,故选D。
7. (23-24七年级上·湖北武汉·期中)—I can’t find my ruler. What about ________? I want to use it.
—It’s on Jenny’s desk. You can ask ________ for it.
A.you; her B.yours; she C.yours; her D.you; she
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——我找不到我的尺子了。你的呢?我想要使用它。——在珍妮的桌子上。你可以向她要。
考查代词辨析。you你、你们,人称代词主格/宾格; yours你的、你们的,名词性物主代词; she她,人称代词主格;her她,人称代词宾格。根据“I can’t find my ruler. What about …? I want to use it.”可知,此处指我的尺子找不到了,我想用你的尺子,询问对方你的尺子呢,应用名词性物主代词yours代替your ruler,故排除A、D项。再根据“You can ask... for it. ”可知,此处指向珍妮要,应用宾格作宾语。故选 C。
8. (24-25七年级上·广东江门·期中)The book on the shelf is _______. She wrote _______ name on its cover _______.
A.hers; her; herself B.her; hers; herself C.herself; her; hers D.her; herself; herself
【答案】A
【详解】句意:架子上的书是她的,她自己把她的名字写在了书的封面上。
考查名词性物主代词、形容词性物主代词和反身代词。hers她的(东西);her她的;herself她自己。第一空表示“她的书”her book,可以用名词性物主代词hers“她的(东西)”来代替。第二空是在名词name前作定语,要用形容词性物主代词her“她的”来修饰。第三空用反身代词,反身代词oneself用在动词后面,可以强调主语,表示“某人自己”,这里表示“她自己”写的,用herself。故选A。
9. (24-25七年级上·四川广元·期中)He is Teng Fei. ______ bag is blue.
A.He B.She C.Her D.His
【答案】D
【详解】句意:他是腾飞。他的包是蓝色的。
考查代词辨析。he他;she她;her她的;his他的。根据“He...”可知此处是男性,修饰名词bag用形容词性物主代词his。故选D。
10. (24-25七年级上·河北石家庄·期中)Mr. Jackson is a good writer, and we all like reading ________ books.
A.his B.her C.their D.your
【答案】A
【详解】句意:杰克逊先生是个优秀的作家,我们都喜欢读他的书。
考查物主代词。his他的;her她的;their他们的;your你/你们的。根据空后有名词books,可知此处需要填形容词性物主代词;又根据前一句“Mr. Jackson is a good writer”可知“Mr.”是男性,此处是指“喜欢读他的书”,故选A。
11.(23-24七年级上·北京大兴·期末)—What is Jack’s favourite subject, Alice?
—_________ favourite subject is science.
A.Your B.My C.Her D.His
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——爱丽丝,杰克最喜爱的学科是什么?——他最喜欢的学科是科学。
考查代词辨析。Your你的/你们的;My我的;Her她的;His他的。根据空格后favourite subject”可知,此空填形容词性物主代词,作定语,且询问的是“Jack”,是男名,应用his,位于句首,首字母要大写。故选D。
12.(24-25七年级上·安徽合肥·期中)—Is this shirt ________?
—No, ________ shirt is over there.
A.yours; my B.yours; mine C.you; mine D.you; my
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——这件衬衫是你的吗?——不,我的衬衫在那边。
考查代词辨析。yours你的,名词性物主代词;you你,主格或宾格;my我的,形容词性物主代词;mine我的,名词性物主代词。第一空指“你的衬衫”,空格后无名词,应填名词性物主代词。第二空修饰名词shirt,应填形容词性物主代词my,故选A。
13.(24-25七年级上·重庆沙坪坝·期中)Ms Black is from the capital (首都) of the UK. ________ name is London.
A.It B.It’s C.Its D.That’s
【答案】C
【详解】句意:布莱克女士来自英国的首都。它的名字叫伦敦。
考查代词。It它;It’s它是;Its它的;That’s那是。根据“Ms Black is from the capital (首都) of the UK”可知,此处是指英国的首都,且此处修饰名词name,用形容词性物主代词its。故选C。
14.(24-25七年级上·安徽合肥·期中)—Mike, is this yellow sweater your sister’s?
—No, it isn’t. ________ is purple.
A.His B.Hers C.She’s D.He’s
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——迈克,这件黄色的毛衣是你妹妹的吗? ——不, 它不是。她的是紫色的。
考查代词辨析。His他的,既可作名词性物主代词,又可作形容词性物主代词;Hers她的,名词性物主代词;She’s她是;He’s他是。根据“is this yellow sweater your sister’s”和“No, it isn’t.”可知, 此处表示“她的(毛衣)”是紫色的,用名词性物主代词Hers。故选B。
15.(24-25七年级上·江苏宿迁·期中)This is Ms Lin. ________ English name is Cindy. She teaches ________ English.
A.She; our B.She; us C.Her; our D.Her; us
【答案】D
【详解】句意:这是林女士。她的英文名字叫辛迪。她教我们英语。
考查代词辨析。she她;our我们的;us我们;her她的。第一个空后是名词,用形容词性物主代词her;teach sb. sth.“教某人某物”,故第二个空填代词宾格us。故选D。
二、完成句子:根据句意在空格处填入一个合适的单词或者用括号所给单词的正确形式填空
1. (24-25七年级上·河南南阳·期中)Kangkang’s uncle is a bus driver. He likes (he) job.
【答案】his
【详解】句意:康康的叔叔是一名公共汽车司机。他喜欢他的工作。此空修饰名词job,应填形容词性物主代词his,故填his。
2. (24-25七年级上·云南·期中)May I have name? (you)
【答案】your
【详解】句意:我可以知道你的名字吗?空后是名词,空处填形容词性物主代词,you是主格/宾格,形容词性物主代词是your“你的”。故填your。
3. (24-25七年级上·浙江金华·期中)Coco is a new friend of (I) at junior high.
【答案】mine
【详解】句意:Coco是我在初中的一个新朋友。根据“a new friend of…”可知,此处指“我的一个新朋友”,of后用名词性物主代词mine。故填mine。
4. (24-25七年级上·四川内江·期中) (she) pen is red and (you) pen is black.
【答案】 Her your
【详解】句意:她的钢笔是红色的,你的钢笔是黑色的。两空均是修饰其后的名词,故用形容词性物主代词,分别是her“她的”,your“你的”,第一空位于句首首字母要大写,故填Her;your。
5. (24-25七年级上·四川凉山·期中) (she) favorite colour is blue.
【答案】Her
【详解】句意:她最喜欢的颜色是蓝色。she“她”,人称代词主格。结合提示词和题干可知,本题应使用形容词性物主代词her“她的”修饰名词短语favorite colour“最喜欢的颜色”。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Her。
6. (24-25七年级上·福建厦门·期中) (he) ping-pong bat is under the chair.
【答案】His
【详解】句意:他的乒乓球拍在椅子下面。设空处后有名词“ping-pong bat”,因此填形容词性物主代词his“他的”。故填His。
7. (24-25七年级上·福建厦门·期中)The blue bike is Jane’s. Blue is (she) favourite colour.
【答案】her
【详解】句意:那辆蓝色自行车是简的。蓝色是她最喜欢的颜色。此处应用形容词性物主代词her“她的”,修饰名词colour。故填her。
8. (24-25七年级上·福建厦门·期中)Parents always give the best love to (they) children.
【答案】their
【详解】句意:父母总是给他们的孩子最好的爱。they“他们”,人称代词。结合提示词和空后的名词children可知,空处应用形容词性物主代词their“他们的”,用于修饰名词。故填their。
9. (24-25七年级上·四川达州·期中)Mr Brown tells some interesting stories to (we).
【答案】us
【详解】句意:布朗先生给我们讲了一些有趣的故事。题干中的“tell sth to sb给某人讲……”,其中“to”为介词,介词之后加人称代词宾格形式,构成介宾结构。因此人称代词主格形式的“we”要变为宾格“us”,故填us。
10. (24-25七年级上·浙江金华·期中) (I) looked up at the teacher with a smile.
【答案】I
【详解】句意:我微笑着抬头看着老师。I“我”在句中作主语。故填I。
11. (24-25七年级上·江苏泰州·期中)Thanks a lot for showing (they) around the new school.
【答案】them
【详解】句意:非常感谢你带他们参观新学校。此处作宾语,用代词宾格them“他们”。故填them。
12. (24-25七年级上·福建泉州·期中)Our mother always drive (we) to school.
【答案】us
【详解】句意:我们的母亲总是开车送我们去学校。we“我们”,人称代词主格,动词drive意为“驾车送(人)”,动词后接宾语,因此用宾格代词us。故填us。
13. (24-25七年级上·吉林长春·期中)Hello, everyone. Let (I) introduce my family to you.
【答案】me
【详解】句意:大家好。让我给你介绍一下我的家人。根据“Let…introduce my family to you.”即提示词可知,let“使,让”,动词,后面应用宾格形式作宾语,I“我”,宾格形式为me。故填me。
14. (24-25七年级上·重庆綦江·期中)They often play football with , they’re friends. (we)
【答案】 us our
【详解】句意:他们经常和我们打篮球,他们是我们的朋友。介词with后跟宾格,we“我们”的宾格为us;根据“friends.”可知,第二空需形容词性物主代词修饰名词friends,we的形代为our“我们的”。故填us;our。
15. (24-25七年级上·江苏扬州·期中)Can you hear (she) well on the phone?
【答案】her
【详解】句意:你能听清楚她讲电话吗?she“她”,人称代词主格;动词hear后应用人称代词宾格her作宾语。故填her。
三、语法选择
Passage 1
(24-25七年级上·广东东莞·期中)I’m a student in No.2 middle school. I want 1 you something about my new classroom. It is nice 2 clean. What’s in the classroom? Look, a long blackboard and a flag 3 in the front of the classroom. 4 flag is red and I think it’s very beautiful. There are thirty-eight small desks and 5 . This is a teacher’s desk. A computer is on the big desk. Teachers use it to give us classes. We can also use it for study.
Let’s look at the back wall. You can see 6 beautiful photos. We took them together. Our teacher puts them 7 the wall so everyone can see them. What is this on the floor? Oh, it’s our volleyball. Most of the students like 8 volleyball in our class and we are good at it. Every Friday afternoon, we play it 9 on the sports field. We 10 a volleyball game at school next week. I think my classroom is great! Do you like my classroom?
1. A.tell B.to tell C.telling
2. A.but B.or C.and
3. A.is B.be C.are
4. A.The B.A C.An
5. A.chair B.chair’s C.chairs
6. A.we B.us C.our
7. A.on B.at C.in
8. A.played B.play C.playing
9. A.happy B.happily C.happiness
10. A.have B.had C.will have
【答案】
1. B 2. C 3. C 4. A 5. C 6. C 7. A 8. C 9. B 10. C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者的新教室。
1. 句意:我想告诉你一些关于我的新教室的事情。
tell“告诉”,动词原形;to tell动词不定式;telling现在分词或动名词。根据空前“want”可知,此处考查want to do sth.“想要做某事”,固定搭配,所以这里应用动词不定式。故选B。
2. 句意:它既漂亮又干净。
but但是;or或者;and和,并且。根据句意可知,“nice”和“clean”是并列关系,应用and连接两词。故选C。
3. 句意:看,教室前面有一块长黑板和一面国旗。
is“是”,be动词的三单形式;be“是”,动词原形;are“是”,与复数主语和第二人称单数主语连用。句子主语“a long blackboard and a flag”为第三人称复数,be动词用are。故选C。
4. 句意:国旗是红色的,我认为它很漂亮。
The表特指,定冠词;A表泛指,不定冠词,用于以辅音音素开头的单词前;An表泛指,不定冠词,用于以元音音素开头的单词前。根据上文“a flag”可知,此处是第二次提到“flag”,应用定冠词the表特指。故选A。
5. 句意:有三十八张小桌子和椅子。
chair椅子;chair’s名词所有格;chairs名词复数形式。根据空前“thirty-eight small desks and”可知,此处是指三十八张小桌子和椅子,应用名词的复数形式chairs。故选C。
6. 句意:你可以看到我们漂亮的照片。
we“我们”,人称代词主格;us“我们”人称代词宾格;our“我们的”,形容词性物主代词。根据空后“beautiful photos”可知,此处是指我们漂亮的照片,应用our作定语,修饰名词“photos”。故选C。
7. 句意:我们的老师把它们挂在墙上,这样每个人都能看到它们。
on在……上面;in在……里面;at在。根据语境可知,此处是指老师把照片挂在墙上;考查on the wall“在墙上”,介词短语。故选A。
8. 句意:我们班大多数学生都喜欢打排球,我们也很擅长。
played动词过去式;play“打”,动词原形;playing动名词或现在分词。根据空前“like”可知,此处考查like doing sth.“喜欢做某事”,因此这里应用动名词形式。故选C。
9. 句意:每周五下午,我们都在运动场上愉快地打排球。
happy“快乐的”,形容词;happily“快乐地”,副词;happiness“快乐”,名词。分析句子结构可知,此处应用副词happily修饰动词“play”,在句中作状语。故选B。
10. 句意:下周我们将在学校举行排球赛。
have“举办”,动词原形;had过去式;will have表示一般将来时。根据“next week”可知,句子应用一般将来时,其结构为will+动词原形。故选C。
Passage 2
(24-25七年级上·广东汕头·期中)Mr. Black is a teacher in Southwark School. He 1 Class 3. His students are thirteen or fourteen years old. His students learn all 2 with him. He knows his students well and his students knows 3 well, too!
This year, Mr. Black and his wife (妻子) have 4 new baby. They are very busy. He 5 have time to make a big breakfast. So he always has a quick one—some bread and a glass of milk. 6 does he go to work then? He takes a bus and he is never late 7 work.
Math is his favorite subject to teach. Some students think math is 8 . He likes to help them and feels happy when they can 9 well in math. Mrs. Lewis, the teacher of Class 2, is good at telling stories. Sometimes she tells Mr. Black’s class stories 10 Mr. Black does math with her class.
Mr. Black really likes teaching. He says children like learning new things.
1. A.teach B.teaches C.taught
2. A.subject B.subjects C.subjects’
3. A.him B.he C.his
4. A.a B.an C.the
5. A.isn’t B.don’t C.doesn’t
6. A.How B.What C.Where
7. A.with B.on C.for
8. A.difficulty B.difficultly C.difficult
9. A.do B.doing C.to do
10. A.or B.so C.and
【答案】
1. B 2. B 3. A 4. A 5. C 6. A 7. C 8. C 9. A 10. C
【导语】本文主要介绍了布莱克先生是一名好老师,学生们很喜欢他。
1. 句意:他教三班。
teach教,动词原形;teaches动词单三;taught动词过去式。 句子用一般现在时,主语是he,谓语动词用单三。故选B。
2. 句意:他的学生和他一起学习所有科目。
subject科目,名词单数;subjects名词复数;subjects’名词复数的所有格。all后加可数名词复数。故选B。
3. 句意:他很了解他的学生,他的学生也很了解他!
him他,宾格;he他,主格;his他的。此处作knows的宾语,用代词宾格。故选A。
4. 句意:今年,布莱克先生和他的妻子生了一个孩子。
a不定冠词,修饰以辅音音素开头的单词;an不定冠词,修饰以元音音素开头的单词;the定冠词。此处泛指“一个新孩子”,new以辅音音素开头,用不定冠词a。故选A。
5. 句意:他没有时间做丰盛的早餐。
isn’t不是;don’t助动词;doesn’t助动词的单三。句子有实义动词have,主语是he,否定句中用助动词doesn’t。故选C。
6. 句意:那他怎么去上班?
How如何;What什么;Where哪里。 根据“He takes a bus”可知是如何去上班。故选A。
7. 句意:他坐公共汽车上班从不迟到。
with和;on在上面;for为了。be late for“迟到”。故选C。
8. 句意:有些学生认为数学很难。
difficulty困难,名词;difficultly困难地,副词;difficult困难的,形容词。作be动词的表语用形容词。故选C。
9. 句意:他喜欢帮助他们,当他们能在数学上取得好成绩时,他感到很高兴。
do做,动词原形;doing动名词;to do动词不定式。情态动词后加动词原形。故选A。
10. 句意:有时她讲述布莱克先生的课堂故事,布莱克先生在她的课上做数学。
or或者;so所以;and和。前后是并列关系,用and连接。故选C。
Passage 3
(23-24七年级上·广东惠州·期中)阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,从各题所给的A、B、C中选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I’m Paul. I’m a primary student. Let me 1 you something about my new classroom.
Look! There are forty-eight desks and forty-eight chairs in my classroom. 2 are small but clean. They are our desks and chairs. There 3 forty-eight students in our class, 26 boys and 22 girls.
There is also a big desk 4 the classroom. 5 desk is our teacher’s. Sue is next to it. She likes 6 a book. 7 bag is under the desk. There is also a television in our classroom. 8 is the television? It is 9 the wall.
We like our classroom. It is a very beautiful classroom. It’s big 10 clean. We clean it every day.
1. A.tell B.telling C.to tell
2. A.They B.Their C.Them
3. A.is B.are C.be
4. A.in front of B.in the front of C.at front of
5. A.A B.An C.The
6. A.read B.reads C.reading
7. A.She B.Her C.His
8. A.What B.How C.Where
9. A.on B.in C.at
10. A.or B.but C.and
【答案】
1. A 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. C 6. C 7. B 8. C 9. A 10. C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。作者在文中主要介绍了自己的新教室。
1. 句意:让我告诉你一些关于我新教室的事情。
tell告诉(原形);telling告诉(现在分词或动名词);to tell告诉(动词不定式)。根据动词短语let sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”可知,此处须用动词原形。故选A。
2. 句意:它们小但是干净。
They他们(人称代词主格);Their他们的(形容词性物主代词);Them他们(人称代词宾格)。此处位于句首,作句子主语,应用人称代词主格。故选A。
3. 句意:我们班级有48名学生,26个男生,22个女生。
is是(be的第三人称单数现在时形式);are是(be的第二人称单复数现在时,第一、三人称复数现在时);be是(be的原形)。此处There be句型,主谓一致遵循就近原则,主语为students,因此be使用复数形式。故选B。
4. 句意:教室的前面还有一张大桌子。
in front of...在……外部的前面;in the front of...在……内部的前面;at front of...在……前部(常指一个点)。根据“There is also a big desk...of the classroom.”及常识可知,在教室里面的前面有一张桌子。故选B。
5. 句意:这张桌子是我们老师的讲桌。
A一个(用于辅音音素开头的单词前);An一个(用于元音音素开头的单词前);the这/那个(特指)。根据“There is also a big desk...of the classroom. ...big desk is our teacher’s.”可知此处是特指前句提到的大桌子,应使用定冠词the。故选C。
6. 句意:她喜欢读书。
read阅读(原形);reads阅读(三单形式);reading阅读(现在分词/动名词形式)。根据like doing/to do sth“喜欢做某事”可知,此处使用doing形式。故选C。
7. 句意:她的书包在桌子下面。
She她(人称代词主格);Her她的(形容词性物主代词);His他的(形容词性物主代词)。根据“She likes reading a book. ...bag is under the desk.”可知,此处应该是形容词性物主代词“她的”做定语。故选B。
8. 句意:电视机在哪里?
What什么;How如何;Where在哪里。根据下文“It is...the wall”可知前句是在问电视机的位置。故选C。
9. 句意:它在墙上。
on在……上面;in在……里面;at在(某处)。根据常识可知,电视机应该在墙上。故选A。
10. 句意:它又大又干净。
or或者,否则;but但是;and和,且。根据“We clean it every day.”可知,教室是既大又干净,两者是并列关系。故选C。
四、语法填空
Passage 1
(24-25七年级上·福建福州·期中)阅读下面短文,根据语境或所给单词的提示,在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词,要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确,使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
Hello, everyone! Welcome to our Sunshine Club: I’m Mary. Let 1 (I) show you around now.
First, let’s go to the music room. There 2 (be) 20 students in it. Miss Black is an 3 (America) teacher. She is kind and she makes friends 4 students. Next we are going to another room—the art room. You can draw 5 (picture) in this room. That is 6 (they) teacher, Mr Green. He is very 7 (friend).
Finally, it’s time to visit 8 chess room. Here all the students are very quiet—no one 9 (talk). The tall man with short hair is Mr White. Kids like his classes.
In the end, I hope all of you have fun here 10 you are welcome to join us.
【答案】
1. me 2. are 3. American 4. with 5. pictures 6. their 7. friendly 8. the 9. talks 10. and
【导语】本文作者介绍了俱乐部的房间及老师。
1. 句意:让我带你们参观。动词let后跟宾格代词作宾语,I的宾格为me。故填me。
2. 句意:里面有20名学生。主语20 students是复数,时态是一般现在时,be用are。故填are。
3. 句意:布莱克小姐是一位美国教师。此处修饰名词teacher,用形容词作定语。故填American。
4. 句意:她善良,与学生交朋友。make friends with sb“和某人交朋友”,固定短语。故填with。
5. 句意:你可以在这个房间画画。draw pictures“画画”,空处用名词复数表泛指。故填pictures。
6. 句意:那是他们的老师,格林先生。此处修饰名词teacher,用形容词性物主代词their“他们的”。故填their。
7. 句意:他很友好。根据“is”可知,此处用形容词friendly“友好的”,作表语。故填friendly。
8. 句意:最后,是时候参观象棋室了。此处是特指俱乐部的象棋室,用定冠词the。故填the。
9. 句意:这里所有的学生都很安静——没有人说话。时态为一般现在时,主语是no one,动词用三单。故填talks。
10. 句意:最后,我希望你们在这里玩得开心,欢迎你们加入我们。空前后句是并列句,用and连接。故填and。
Passage 2
(24-25七年级上·辽宁盘锦·开学考试)阅读短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空,使短文通顺、连贯。
Do you know Chatbots (聊天机器人) and other AI programs (人工智能项目)? Do 1 (student) need them at school? Do teachers need them at school, too? People look at it in different ways.
Some people think Chatbots are useful to help students 2 their study. They can give answers to 3 (them) questions. They can guide (引导) students with questions. Chatbots can work seven days a week and twenty-four 4 (hour) a day. They can work with teachers, too. They can help teachers do lesson plans.
But Chatbots 5 (be) not always useful. Students need 6 (learn) things about computer first. They may use computers later, 7 now they learn penmanship (书法) and spelling at school. Some teachers do not use AI programs 8 (good), so they can’t get much help from them for their teaching and students. AI programs do not have human connection (人类连接). Students need that in their school life. A Chatbot only 9 (give) students answers. 10 teacher knows how to help students get answers.
【答案】
1. students 2. with 3. their 4. hours 5. are 6. to learn 7. but 8. well 9. gives 10. A
【导语】本文主要介绍聊天机器人的利弊。
1. 句意:学生在学校需要它们吗?根据“Do”可知,主语是复数,故填students。
2. 句意:有些人认为聊天机器人对帮助学生学习很有用。help sb with sth“帮助某人做某事”,固定短语。故填with。
3. 句意:它们可以回答他们的问题。此处作定语修饰“questions”,用形容词性物主代词,故填their。
4. 句意:聊天机器人可以每周工作7天,每天工作24小时。twenty-four修饰可数名词复数,故填hours。
5. 句意:但聊天机器人并不总是有用的。时态是一般现在时,主语Chatbots是复数,be动词用are。故填are。
6. 句意:学生首先需要学习有关计算机的知识。need to do sth“需要做某事”,此处用动词不定式。故填to learn。
7. 句意:他们以后可能会使用电脑,但现在他们在学校学习书法和拼写。前后两句构成转折关系,用but连接,故填but。
8. 句意:一些教师不会很好地使用人工智能程序,因此他们无法从人工智能程序中获得太多的教学和学生方面的帮助。此处在句中修饰动词,用副词形式,good的副词为well。故填well。
9. 句意:聊天机器人只给学生答案。时态是一般现在时,主语“A Chatbot”是第三人称单数,动词用三单,故填gives。
10. 句意:老师知道如何帮助学生得到答案。此处泛指一位老师,“teacher”首字母发辅音音素,用不定冠词a,置于句首,首字母应该大写。故填A。
Passage 3
(24-25七年级上·四川眉山·期中)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
He Wenhao is a middle school student in Suxun. He is 1 (real) busy on school days. He gets up at 6:30. After breakfast, he goes to school. He walks to school 2 his home is next to the school. He has seven 3 (class), four in the morning and three in the afternoon. He studies nine subjects at school. They are 4 (China), maths, English, science, history, geography, music, art and PE. And 5 (he) favourite subject is history. 6 does he like history? There are two reasons. He says he can learn a lot about the past of China and the history lessons are very 7 (interest). He Wenhao goes home at five. After dinner, he does homework. After that, he always watches TV at home and then he goes out 8 (play) sport.
Mark is He Wenhao’s e-friend. He comes from London. And he is a middle school student, too. But Mark’s school life is relaxing. He goes to school at 8:30. On school days, he only has five lessons. Mark’s favourite subject is maths because he is good 9 numbers. And he thinks maths is useful. He says it helps him a lot in his life. The last class in the afternoon 10 (finish) at three. He doesn’t have so much homework to do.
【答案】
1. really 2. because 3. classes 4. Chinese 5. his 6. Why 7. interesting 8. to play 9. at 10. finishes
【导语】本文主要介绍了何文浩和他朋友Mark的学校生活。
1. 句意:他上学的时候真的很忙。分析句子结构可知,应填所给单词real的副词形式really“真正地”,作状语,修饰形容词。故填really。
2. 句意:他走路去学校,因为他的家在学校附近。根据“He walks to school”和“his home is next to the school”可知,前后句之间是因果关系,原因在后,所以用because引导原因状语从句。故填because。
3. 句意:他有七节课,上午四节,下午三节。。根据空前的“seven ”可知,应用所给单词class“课”的复数形式classes。故填classes。
4. 句意:它们是语文、数学、英语、科学、历史、地理、音乐、美术和体育。分析句子结构和所给单词可知,应填学科名词Chinese“语文”,和后面的maths, English, science, history, geography, music, art and PE并列。故填Chinese。
5. 句意:他最喜欢的学科是历史。分析句子结构和所给单词可知,应填he的形容词性物主代词形式his“他的”,作定语,修饰后面的favourite subject。故填his。
6. 句意:为什么他喜欢历史?根据下文“There are two reasons.”可知,该句问他喜欢历史的原因,所以用疑问词why“为什么”,句首首字母大写。故填Why。
7. 句意:他说,他可以学到很多关于中国过去的知识,历史课也很有趣。分析句子结构和所给单词可知,应填interest的形容词形式interesting“有趣的”,作表语。故填interesting。
8. 句意:之后,他总是在家看电视,然后出去运动。分析句子结构和所给单词可知,应填play“玩”的动词不定式形式to play,作状语,表示目的。故填to play。
9. 句意:Mark最喜欢的学科是数学,因为他擅长数字。be good at“擅长……”。故填at。
10. 句意:下午最后一节课三点结束。全文时态为一般现在时,主语The last class是单数,所以谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填finishes。
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