Unit 4 I like music that I can dance to .（复习课件）英语鲁教版五四学制九年级全一册

Unit 4 I like music that I can dance to. 单元复习 初中英语 / 鲁教版五四制 / 九年级全册 Contents Words 1 Phrases 2 Sentences 3 Grammar 4 Writing 5 Exercises 6 Homework 7 Words 0 1 Words 名词：1.             歌词           2.             导演；部门         3.               战争；战争状态  4.             情况；实情     5.             戏；剧             6.             结尾；结局 7.             纪录片         8.             对话；对白         9.             超级英雄            10.             悲伤；悲痛   11.             痛苦；疼痛；苦恼  12.             一生；有生之年 动词：1.              更喜欢         2.             推断；料想       3.            粘贴；将……刺入    4.              关闭；关上     5.             反映；映出      6.             表演；执行        7.             回忆起；回想起              lyrics director war case drama ending documentary dialog superhero sadness prefer pain lifetime suppose stick shut reflect perform recall 代词： 1.              大量；众多 形容词：1.              电子的；电子设备的      2.              悦耳的；平滑的          3.              悲哀；沮丧                    4.              有才智的；聪明的          5.             动人的；令人感动的               6.             令人痛苦的；令人疼痛的 兼类词：1.              （adj）澳大利亚（人）的（n）澳大利亚人                2.              （adj）空闲的；不用的（v）抽出；留出 3.              （v）感觉到；意识到（n）感觉；意识       4.              （n）遗憾；怜悯（v）同情；怜悯 5.________________（n）总数；合计（adj）总的；全体的 plenty electronic smooth down intelligent moving painful Australian spare sense pity total  6.              （n）大师；能手；主人（v）掌握  7.              （v/n）表扬；赞扬  8.              （n）伤；伤口；创伤（v）使（身体）受伤；伤害 1. Australia (n. 澳大利亚) —                (adj/n澳大利亚的) 2. electronic(adj. 电子的) —                (n. 电；电能) 3. smooth (adj. 平滑的) —                (adv. 平稳地；平滑地)  4. direct (v. 指导) —                  (n. 导演；部门负责人） 5. stick (v. 粘贴；将……刺入）—                  (过去式) —                  (过去分词)  6. end (v. 结束) —                 (n. 结尾；结局） 词形变化 master praise wound Australian electricity smoothly director stuck stuck ending Words 7. shut(v. 关闭；关上) —                 (过去式) —                 (过去分词)    8. intelligent(adj. 有才智的；聪明的) —                (n. 智力；才智) 9. sadness(n. 悲伤) —               (adj. 悲哀的；难过的) —               (adv. 伤心地) 10. pain(n. 疼痛) —               (adj. 令人痛苦的；令人疼痛的) 11. reflect(v. 反映；映出) —               (n. 映像；反映) 12. move(v. 使感动；打动) —               (adj. 动人的；令人感动的) —               (adj. 感动的)  13. perform(v. 表演) —                (n. 演出) —                (n. 表演者) 14. total(adj. 总的；总体的) —                (adv. 全部地) shut shut intelligence sad sadly painful reflection moving moved performance performer totally Phrases 0 2 Phrases 1.___________ 伴……而舞 2.________________ 随……而唱 3.________________ 不同种类的…… 4.___________ 听…… 5.______________ 有空 6._______________ 想做…… 7._________________ 想太多 8._________ 既然那样;假使那样的话 9._____________ 想要(做)……  10.____________ 坚持……;固守…… 11.___________ 取决于;决定于 12._________ 使某人变得更高兴;振奋起来 13._______________尽某人最大努力做某事 14.______________ 一个做……的好办法 15._____________大量的;充足的 16._________ 关闭;停止运转 17.____________ 享受做某事 18._______________ 及时 19.________________ 偶尔地;间或 20.___________________ 更喜欢做某事 dance to sing along with different kinds of... listen to... have spare time want to do... think too much in that case feel like (doing) sth. stick to sth. depend on cheer sb.up try one’s best to do sth.  a good way to do... plenty of  shut off enjoy doing sth. in time once in a while prefer to do sth. 21.__________________________感受到强烈的悲伤和痛苦 22.__________________ 查找……的历史 23._________________由某人写作 24._________________ 出生于某地 25._____________ 教某人做某事 26._______________ 因……而出名 27.____________________ 继续做某事 28.__________________ (与某人)结婚 29.__________________ 在某人的一生中 30.________________ 到某人临终前 31.______________总共;合计 32._________________________中国的国宝之一 33.________________ 由于这个原因 sense a strong sadness and pain  look up the history of be written by sb. be born in sp. teach sb.to do sth. be known for continue to do sth. get married(to sb.) during one’s lifetime by the end of one’s life in total  one of China’s national treasures  for this reason Sentences 0 3 Sentences 1. I like music that I can _____ _____.我喜欢我可以跳舞的音乐。 2. I prefer music _____ _______ great lyrics. 我更喜欢歌词优美的音乐。 3. I love music that I can ____ _____ _____. 我喜欢能随之唱歌的音乐。 4. ____ ____ ____ music do you like?你喜欢什么样的音乐？ 5.I suppose I’ll just listen to this new CD____ ___.我想我会听听这张新买的CD。 6.What do you _____ _____ ______today?今天你想看什么? 7.While some people ____ ____ only one kind of movie, I like to watch different kinds ______ ____ how I feel that day.一些人只喜欢看同一类型的电影，而我却喜欢看不同类型的电影，但这要取决于我那天的感受。 8. When I’m down or tired, I prefer movies that can _____ ____ ____.当我心情不好或者是疲惫时，我更偏爱看那些能使我高兴起来的电影。 dance to that has sing along with What kind of I bought feel like watching stick to depending on cheer me up 9. Documentaries like March of the Penguins which ______ _____ ___information about a certain subject can be interesting. 像《帝企鹅日记》这样提供大量有关某个主题的信息的纪录片，可能是很有趣的…….. 10._____ ___ ____ ______, I like to watch movies that are scary.偶尔,我喜欢看恐怖片。 11. They can be fun, but I’m _____ _____ ____ watch them alone.他们可能很有趣，但我不敢一个人看。 12.The piece had a simple name , Erquan Yingyue ,but it was one of the most moving pieces of music ____ ____ ____ ____.这首曲子的名字很简单，叫二泉映月，但它是我听过的最动人的音乐之一。 13. Abing’s father taught him___ _____ many musical instruments, such as the drums, dizi and erhu…….阿炳的父亲教他弹奏很多种乐器，比如敲鼓、吹笛子、拉二胡…….. provide plenty of Once in a while too scared to that I’ve ever heard to play 14. Even after Abing _____ _____and had a home again, he continued ___ ____and ____ on the streets. 甚至阿炳结婚后再次拥有一个家之后，他仍然在街上唱歌表演。 15.___ __ ____ ____ only six pieces of music in total were recorded for the future world to hear 遗憾的是一共只有六首曲子被录了下来得以传世 16. Today, Abing’s Erquan Yinyue is a piece which all the great erhu masters ____ and ______. 如今，阿炳的《二泉映月》是一首所有伟大的二胡家演奏并称赞的曲子。 17. ….but also makes people _____ their deepest ______ from their own sad or painful experiences.  而且也使人们能从他们自身的悲伤和痛苦的经历中回想起这些深深的创伤。 got married to sing play It’s a pity that recall wounds play praise Grammar 0 4 Grammar 1、I prefer music that has great lyrics. (P65) prefer v.更喜爱，宁可;情愿 like…..better prefer—preferring—preferred—preferred （1）prefer sb./sth.更喜欢某人/某物（2）prefer to do sth. 更喜欢/宁愿做某事 ▲（3）prefer sb. （not）to do sth. 宁愿某人（不）做某事 ▲（4）prefer A +to B (相对B而言)更喜欢A A和B 同类 ▲（5）prefer +doing A to doing B(doing是动名词，比如running、swimming等) to 为介词▲ Grammar （6）prefer to do sth（A） rather than do sth（B）. 宁愿做某事(A)而不愿做某事(B)▲ = would rather do sth. than (省略to)不定式 do sth.▲ =would do sth. rather than do sth. ▲ = prefer +doing A to doing B ▲ = do A instead of doing B = like doing A better than doing B = would sooner do A than do B（7）宾语从句 prefer that 宾语从句中常用虚拟语气。I prefer that we should gather more information on that issue.我觉得关于那个事情我们最好收集更多信息。prefer to die rather than surrender 宁死不屈 Grammar 实践练习：①---How about going hiking this weekend?---Sorry, I prefer _____ rather than ______.A. to stay at home, go out B. to go out, stay at homeC. staying at home, go out D. going out, stay at home.②Holly prefers playing the piano to_________- the violin. Listen! She___________the piano in her room.A. play; is playing B. playing; plays C. playing; is playing③More and more people prefer________ at home___________ takeaway, as it’s healthier.A. to cook; to order B. cooking; to orderingC. to cook; than order D. cooking; than ordering④She liked English better than math. (改为同义句)She ___________ ___________ ___________math. √ √ √ preferred English to Grammar 2、I love music that I can sing along with. 我喜欢能跟着唱的音乐。(P65) along with 沿（顺）着；连同……一起；与……一道；除了……got along/on well with 和…..相处得很好= be good with A，along with B + 谓语动词（由 A决定单复数） 即就远/前原则▲就远原则：with、together with、 as well as 和….一样、besides除了….外（包扩除去的对象）、except除了…..外（不包括除去的的对象），but除了….外（通常和nobody，nothing等连用）like, more than, no less than, rather than等▲就近原则： or、there be、either….or…..要么…..要么…..、neither…..nor….既不…..也不….、not only…..but also….不但……..而且 Grammar 【实践练习】①Not only Tom’s parents but also his grandfather ____________ him for good behavior so far.A. have praised B. has praised C. praise D. praises ②Lily, together with her parents __________ the movie three times till now.A. have watched B. has watched C. watches D. are watching √ √ 3、I like music that isn’t too loud. (P65) loud adj.大声的，响亮的；（人或举止）吵闹的，聒噪的 adv.大声地，响亮地 区别：aloud/ loud/loudly 的区别 （1）aloud adv. 放在动词之后（无级变化：没有比较假和最高级） Grammar ①"出声地", 强调发出的声音能被听见, 通常与 read, speak, think 等动词连用。Please read the text aloud. ② “大声地”, 通常与 cry, laugh, shout, call 等动词连用。The boy is crying aloud. She called aloud for help. （2）loud adj. & adv ① adj. "响亮的"，"高声的" 修饰名词。He has a loud voice.The music is too loud. Please turn it down. ② adv. "响亮地"，"高声地"，强调音量大，传得远。多与speak, talk, laugh, sing 等动词连用，放在这些动词之后。He spoke loud enough for most of the audience to hear him. I can't hear you, please speak louder. （3）loudly adv. "喧闹地"或"嘈杂地""响亮地" , 与loud adv. 同义, 但往往含有令人讨厌或打扰别人的意思，可位于动词之前或之后。 Grammar Don’t talk so loudly /loud. You'll wake the whole street. ▲注意 ① 在用比较级和最高级时，通常使用loud，而不用loudly。 Facts speak louder than words. Who laughed loudest? ② loudly比loud使用范围更广，还可与其他表示声响的动词连用，如：The man snored(打鼾) loudly. Someone knocked loudly at the door.It's impolite to talk loudly in public 4、I think The Modern are too noisy. (P66) （1）modern adj.近代的，现代的；当代风格的，现代派的；现代化的，新式的；摩登的，时髦的 （2）noisy adj.嗓门大的，聒噪的；嘈杂的，充满噪音的；吵吵嚷嚷的，哗众取宠的 noise n.噪音，嘈杂声；声音，响声 Grammar noise，voice和sound辨析 noise 表示让人感觉不舒服的声音，一般指噪音 Don’t make any noise in class.课堂上不要制造噪音。 voice 表示优美的声音，也可以表示音量。 一般指人的声音 She has a beautiful voice.她有一副优美的嗓音。 sound “声音”，“响声”讲时，可以指人或动物发出的声音，或物体碰撞的声言。这个词的使用范围很大。可以说，大自然的任何“声音”都可以用sound，该词还可以用作感官动词，意思是“听起来”。 You can hear all kinds of sounds in the city.在城市你能听到各种声音。This music sounds beautiful.这音乐听起来很优美。 Grammar 5、I suppose I’ll just listen to this new CD I bought. 我想我就听我新买的CD吧。(P66) suppose v.推断，料想，猜想；假设，假定，设想；预期 （1）be supposed to do sth. （按照风俗、习惯、规定、规则、惯例）应该做某事；被期望做某事”▲,它可以用来表示劝告、建议、义务、责任等。主语为物时，它表示“本应；本该”相当于should, “被期望…”;“据说……”，用于表示某事本应该发生而没有发生。它还可以用来表示“被认为是；被相信是”。 You’re supposed to shake hands. 你们应该握手。 The students aren’t supposed to take the books out of the library.The train was supposed to arrive ten minutes ago.火车应该在十分钟之前到达。 Grammar ▲be supposed to... 的否定结构为be not supposed to...,它常用于口语中，意为“不被许可；不应当”，用来表示委婉的禁止。 Students are not supposed to play football in the classroom. 学生不允许在教室里踢足球。She was not supposed to be angry about that. 她本不该为那件事而生气的。You are not supposed to smoke on the bus. 你不应该在公共汽车上吸烟。 ▲be expected to do sth 被期望做某事；应该做某事=should do sth.= be supposed to do sth. （2）suppose＋名词/代词＋to be（宾语补足语） “猜/料想某人……” ▲ I supposed the girl to be a teacher. 动词不定式作宾语补足语 ▲suppose ＋ it(形式宾语) ＋形容词 / 名词（宾语补足语）＋ to do sth.（宾语） 的结构。 Grammar I suppose it my duty to help those in poverty. 我认为帮助那些处于贫困中的人是我的义务。 （3）“suppose＋名词/代词＋介词短语”表示“猜测某人/某物在……”。▲ He supposed his friend in the library. （4）suppose还可用于插入语中。如： Who do you suppose called today？你猜今天谁打过电话？ （5）suppose用于祈使句中，意为“如何；怎么样”，可表示提出建议或请求，也可表示某种“假定”。如：Suppose we go for a picnic. (= Let's go for a picnic.)Suppose we start tomorrow.假定我们明天动身。 （6）在口语中，常用I suppose so（我认为是这样）和I don’t suppose so/ I suppose not（我认为不是这样）。如： Grammar I suppose so. = I think so. I don’t suppose so. = I don’t think so.▲ ▲注意：与 suppose 这种用法相同的还有： think, believe, expect, imagine 等。但应注意 hope 和 be afraid 则不同于以上的用法。 ---Will he win the game?---Yes, I hope so./No, I hope not. (不能用 I don't hope so. ) （7）be supposed to +have + done=＝ should have done ＝ ought to have done”时，表示“本应该做某事而没做”。如：We are supposed to have handed in your homework by now.现在你应该已经把作业交上来了。 （8）suppose + that 从句，表示“猜测；假定”。eg: I suppose that you are right. 我想你是对的。 You can suppose that A equals B. 你可以假定A等于B。 Grammar 6、Oh, in that case , I’ll ask someone who likes serious movie. 哦，那样的话，我会问喜欢严肃电影的人。（P66） in that case 既然那样；假如那样的话；在那种情况下(in that situation)▲ in this case既然这样，假若这样；在这种情况下(in this situation)▲ in any case 无论如何,在任何情况下相当于whatever happens▲ in no case “决不”,置于句首时,须用倒装语序。▲如: just in case 以防万一 in case of sth.如果发生某事的话 In the case of woman，they have more difficulty in their job。就女性来说，她们在工作中会遇到更多的困难 Grammar 7、What Do You Feel Like Watching Today? P67 （1）feel like意为“给……的感觉；感受到”。其后常接从句。 （2）feel like还可意为“想要……”，其后可接名词、代词或动名词。 ①feel like sth. 想要某物= want sth. = would like sth. ②feel like doing sth. 想要做某事=want to do sth.=would like to do sth. ③would like sb. to do sth. = want sb. to do sth.想某人做某事 ④feel like +从句 8、While some people stick to only one kind of movie , I like to watch different kinds depending on how I feel that day. 有些人坚持只看一种类型的电影，我喜欢看不同类型的电影，这取决于我那天的感觉。 P67 （1）stick vt.刺；伸出；粘贴 vi. 坚持；伸出；粘住  n. 棍；手杖；呆头呆脑得人 Grammar stick to (doing) sth. 坚持(做)某事▲= keep on doing sth. stick out意为“伸出，突出”。 stick….into……将….插入/刺入….. 里面▲ stick sth. on... 将.....粘贴在 上 （2）depend v. 取决于；依赖，依靠；相信，指望；那得看情况；（语法上）从属（depend on/upon） 第三人称单数 depends现在分词 depending过去式 depended过去分词 depended dependence n. 依赖，依靠  ◆depend on/upon  依靠；信赖；依据；视……而定；取决于 9、When I’m down or tired, I prefer movies that can cheer me up. 当我沮丧或疲倦时，我更喜欢能让我高兴起来的电影。P67 Grammar （1）down  adj. 悲哀; 沮丧；情绪低落的（作表语形容词）=upset let sb. down =disappoint sb.=upset sb.= fail sb . = make sb. disappointed使某人失望；辜负某人▲ （2）cheer up vt. 使……振奋/高兴；vi. 高兴起来  make sb. happy      cheer n. 欢呼声，喝彩声；加油口号，加油歌；欢快，愉快的情绪 v. 欢呼，喝彩；鼓励，鼓舞 复数 cheers第三人称单数 cheers现在分词 cheering过去式 cheered过去分词 cheered ①cheer sb. up 使某人振作起来；使某人高兴起来▲ ② cheer sb on 为某人加油；为某人喝彩；为某人欢呼▲ Grammar 10、Documentaries like March of the Penguins which provide plenty of information about a certain subject can be interesting. 像《帝企鹅日记》这样提供大量有关某个主题的信息的纪录片，可能是很有趣的……..（教材P67  ） 1.provide动词，意为“提供；供给”，常用于provide sth. for sb.,与 provide sb. with sth. 同义。 The school provided food for the students. = The school provided the students with food 【易混辨析】常考点：provide与offer provide 多指生产、生活等必需品的“供给，提供” provide sb. with sth. = provide sth. for sb.“为某人提供某物” offer 侧重表示“自愿给予；主动提出” offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. “给某人提供某物” 2. plenty of 意为“大量；充足”。既可以修饰可数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词。 一般用于肯定句中，后接可数名词的复数形式或不可数名词。“ plenty of+名词”作主语时,谓语动词的单复数与名词保持一致。 Jim is very popular in his school. He has plenty of friend. 吉姆在他的学校很受欢迎。他有很多朋友。 I need plenty of time to finish the work. 我需要大量的时间来完成这项工作。 【易混辨析】plenty of, a lot of与 a number of plenty of 后接可数名词的复数形式或不可数名词 a lot of 后接可数名词的复数形式或不可数名词，相当于lots of a number of 后接可数名词的复数形式 11、The characters may not be perfect, but they try their best to solve their problems.人物或许不完美，但他们尽他们最大的努力去解决他们的问题。（教材P67）  try one' s best to do sth.尽某人最大的努力做某事，相当于 do one' s best to do sth. Try your best to remember all the new words.尽你最大的努力记住所有的新单词。 有关try的词组： try on 试穿 try to do sth 尽力干某事 try doing sth  尝试干某事 have a try 试一试 12、I can just shut off my brain,sit back and enjoy watching an exciting superhero who always saves the world just in time.（教材P67 ） �．切断（水、电）     Please shut off the hose before the grass gets too wet． �．被隔绝；被隔离     They feel shut off from all human contact on this island． �. 使…隔开     The road is shut off from traffic． 13、He likes clothes that are unusual. （教材69  ） unusual 不同寻常的 作形容词，用作表语或定语。它是由usual加上否定前缀un-构成的。     Was she unusual?  拓展： happy 高兴的—unhappy 不高兴的 lucky幸运的— unlucky 不幸的 important重要的—unimportant 不重要的 comfortable 舒服的—uncomfortable 不舒服的 14、Even after Abing got married and had a home again, he continued to sing and play on the streets. 甚至在阿炳结了婚，再次有了家之后，他还继续在街上唱歌，弹奏音乐。（教材70 2b） ① get married结婚，表示动作。marry既可以用作及物动词，也可以用作不及物动词，意为“结婚；嫁；娶；与……结婚”等，常见用法如下： marry sb. 嫁给某人 e.g. Mary married John last week. 上星期玛丽和约翰结婚了。 be/get married to sb. 与某人结婚 e.g. Rose got married to a doctor last month. 上个月简和一位医生结婚了。 marry sb. to sb. 表示“（父母）把女儿嫁给某人”或“为儿子娶媳妇”。 She married her daughter to a businessman.她把女儿嫁给了一个商人。 marry作不及物动词时，往往用副词或介词短语来修饰。marry一般不与介词with连用。 e.g. She married very early. 她很早就结婚了。 若问某人是否结婚，而不涉及结婚的对象，可用be/get married的形式，相当于系表结构。 e.g. 你结婚了吗？Are you married?/ Have you got married? 【拓展延伸】 ② continue v. 继续，连续。continue to do sth 继续干另外一件事，continue doing sth 继续干同一件事 15、The music was strangely beautiful ,but under the beauty I sensed a strong sadness and pain.  （教材P70  ） sense. v. 感觉到，意识到； I sensed what my mother wants to say to me。 拓展： sense作名词的用法 构成一些固定短语: make sense 有道理、讲得通 make sense of 理解、弄懂……的意思. lose one's senses = be out of one's senses in a sense 在某种意义上,相当于in a way 16、It is a pity that only six pieces of music in total were recorded for the future world to hear 遗憾的是一共只有六首曲子被录了下来得以传世（教材P70） 1. It is a pity that…….. 是一个常用的句型，意为“很遗憾……, 其中It是形式主语,真正的主语是that从句。 It is a pity that you missed such an interesting movie. 很遗憾你错过了一场如此有趣的电影。 和pity有关的常用表达: What a pity!太遗憾了!It’s a pity.真遗憾。 2. in total 意为“总共，合计”， 其中total用作名词，意为“总数；合计”。 17、Today, Abing’s Erquan Yinyue is a piece which all the great erhu masters play and praise. 如今，阿炳的《二泉映月》是一首所有伟大的二胡家演奏并称赞的曲子。 （教材P70） praise 用作及物动词，意为“表扬；赞扬”，常用结构为praise sb./sth for (doing) sth., 意为“因为（做）某事而赞扬某人”。 Jane was praised by the teacher. 简受到了老师的表扬。 拓展：praise 还可用作名词，意为“赞扬，赞美”。 Give plenty of praise and encouragement.要多多表扬和鼓励。 18、Its sad beauty not only paints a picture of Abing’s own life but also makes people recall their deepest wounds from their own sad or painful experiences. 它哀婉的美不仅描绘了一幅阿炳自己生活的图画，而且也使得人们唤起他们由于自己的悲伤带来的深深的伤口，或痛苦的经历。 （教材P70） recall v. 回忆起，回想起，其用法： ①recall doing sth. 回想起做某事 I recall discussing the same problem with you last year. 我回想起去年曾和你讨论过相同的问题。 ②recall + 宾语 + to + 名词 表示“使想起，使回想”。 Your story recalled my younger days to me. 你的故事让我回想起年轻的时候。 wound n. 伤，伤口，创伤。 辨析injure, hurt, wound injure为动词，一般指由于意外或事故而造成损伤。e.g. 他在那次事故中受了重伤。He was badly injured in the accident. hurt为一般用语，可以指肉体上的伤害，也可以指精神上的伤害，可作名词或动词。e.g. 你伤着自己了吗？Did your hurt your self? wound指战斗中的创伤、伤口，可作名词或动词。e.g. 这位士兵在战斗中两处受伤。The soldier received two wounds in the battle. experience在此为可数名词，意为“经历；感受”。 拓展：experience 还可作不可数名词，意为“经验”。 19、The erhu sounded so sad that I almost cried along with it as I listened. 二胡的声音听起来那么悲伤，以至于我听的时候几乎要随着它哭泣了。 【用法详解】þ重点：so...that...“如此……以至于……” He is so short that he can’t reach the book on the top of the shelf. 他太矮了，够不到架子顶端的书。She is so clever a girl that nobody else in her class can beat her at chess. 她是如此聪明的一个女孩，以至于班上没有其他人能在棋艺上打败她。 There was so much food that we couldn’t eat it all. 食物太多了，我们吃不完。 【拓展延伸】such...that也表示“如此……以至于”，引导结果状语从句，其常见用法有： such+ a/an+形容词+可数名词单数 形容词+可数名词复数 形容词+不可数名词 +that从句 【巧学妙记】so...that与such...that的用法区别：名前such形副so，多多少少也用so； 单元语法点回顾 Grammar 定语从句 一、语法概述 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或者代词的从句叫定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词或者代词叫 先行词  ，定语从句一般跟在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的词叫关系词，它有关系代词和关系副词之分，常见的关系代词有  that  、  which  、  who  、  whom 、 whose  ；常见的关系副词有 when 、 where 、 why  。 Grammar 主句 先行词 关系词 定语从句 Football is a game  that/which is loved by most boys. 二、引导定语从句的关系代词 关系代词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的一个成分。 　 人 事物 人＋事物 是否可省略 作主语 __who__/__that__ _which_/__that__ __that__ 不可省略 作宾语 __who_/_whom_/__that__ _which_/__that__ __that__ 可省略 作定语 __whose__ __whose__   不可省略 Grammar 巧学妙记 that指人也指物，主语宾语都能用。 which指物不指人，主语宾语都能用。 who和whom都指人，主语宾语要分清。 whose、whose真管用，指人指物它都行。 关系代词的用法 【特别提醒】当关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词要与先行词的单复数形式保持一致。 Eg.The boys who are playing basketball are my friends. 正在打篮球的那些男孩是我的朋友。    The boy who is playing basketball is my good friend. 正在打篮球的那个男孩是我的好朋友。 Grammar 三、关系代词详细用法区别 1.who,whom用来指人 who在从句中作  主语   、   宾语  ；whom在从句中作   宾语  。 【特别提醒】作宾语时，关系代词who 通常可以代替 whom；但在介词后，只能使用whom； Everyone needs true friends with whom you can share secrets. Success will belong to those who/that never give up easily.（作主语, 不可省） The man （who/whom/that） you met last week is a famous writer.（作宾语，可省） 2.which用来指物 在从句中可作  主语  、  宾语   ，作宾语时可省略。 Grammar The building which is being built will be used as a hospital.(作主语，不可省) The ring（which/that ）I gave you was worth $100,000.（作宾语，可省） 3.that既可指人又可指物 在从句中可作  主语  、  宾语  。 I like the movies that/which are about Chinese history.（作主语，不可省） People often like clothes that/which can make them look young.(作主语，不可省) 4.whose 用来指人或物 只用作  定语  ，表示所属关系，不能省略，后面通常跟名词。 Wang Yaping is a great astronaut whose name is well-known all over the world. You're the only one whose idea is different from mine. Grammar 四、只能用关系代词that而不用which的情况 1.当先行词是all、any、something、anything、everything、nothing、much、little、few、none等不定代词时。 Is there anything that you don’t understand? 你有什么不懂的地方吗？ All that can be done must be done. 凡是能做的都必须做。 2.当先行词被形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时。 That is one of the most interesting books that are sold in the bookshop. 那是这家书店出售的最有趣的书之一。 The first thing that we should do is to get some food. 我们应该做的第一件事是弄点儿吃的。 3.当先行词被the only、the very、the last等修饰时。 This is the very pen that I’m looking for. 这正是我正在找的那支钢笔。 Grammar 4.有两个或两个以上的先行词，兼指人和物时。 The writer and his novel that you have just talked about are really well-known. 你刚才谈起的那位作家以及他的小说确实很有名。 【特别提醒】当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时，定语从句的关系代词要用that。 Eg.Who is the woman that is dancing in the park? 正在公园里跳舞的那位女士是谁？ 五、只能用关系代词which而不用that的情况 （1）引导非限制性定语从句（主句和从句之间用逗号隔开）时。 The tree, which is four hundred years old, is very famous here. 这棵树已经400年了，在这里很有名。 Grammar 【拓展延伸】 限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确； 非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开。 例如： This is the house which we bought last month. 这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。（限制性） The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.这幢房子很漂亮，是我们上个月买的。（非限制性）   （2）先行词指物，且关系代词前面有介词时。 I can’t find the bag in which I put my storybook. 我找不到放故事书的包了。 Grammar （3）先行词为that或those 时。 What’s that which is in your pocket? 你包里的那个是什么？ 六、引导定语从句的关系副词 1.关系副词所代替的先行词是表示时间、地点或原因的名词，在句中作状语。 2.when代替时间，where代替地点，why代替原因。（when/where/why 的含义相当“介词+which”结构，常可以互换） It happened in November when the weather was wet and cold. 这件事发生在天气又湿又冷的十一月。 This is the room where I lived last year. 这就是我去年住的那个房间。 We don’t know the reason why he was late for school. 我们不知道他上学迟到的原因。 Grammar 【拓展延伸】如果表示时间或地点的名词在从句中作主语或宾语，关系词要用that/which。 I won’t forget the time that/which we spent in the countryside. 我不会忘记我们在乡村读过的那段时光。（that/which在从句中作spent的宾语） 七、定语从句解题步骤 定语从句三步走： 第一：找出先行词，判断先行词指人/物； 第二：看先行词在定语从句中的所作的成分（作主语、 宾语、定语或状语）； 第三：选择合适的关系词。 0 5 Writing Writing Writing 写作分析 本单元话题是“音乐和电影”，围绕这一话题谈论和表达喜好。而最能全面体现本单元话题及语言运用能力的话题作文就是根据提示或表格信息，谈论自己的喜好或介绍他人的喜好。这也是单元测试和中考试题中常考的话题作文之一。 Writing 写作指导 第一:在写这类文章的时候，首先仔细的审题，查看题目的要求和注意事项，观察图片或者图表。第二:根据题目要求确定文章的时态,这类文章通常使用一般现在时。第三:参考题目已经给出的要点，表明自己最喜爱的音乐、节目、电影等，介绍相关常识，说明自己喜爱的理由,同时也可谈谈自己的看法和感想。第四:在写作中,要注意正确运用含有that、which , who的定语从句和表达爱好的句型。 Writing ※常用词汇 单词：music，movie，favorite，prefer，dislike，lyrics，musician，director，relaxed，sadness，tired，smooth，director，down，dialog，ending，pain，moving，perform，master，praise，documentary短语：electronic music，dance to，action movies，Chinese folk music，spare time，listen to music，different kinds of music，once in a while＝from time to time，cheer up，plenty of，sing along with，watch/see a movie，talk about，sound like，a piece of Writing ※常用句型句式 It's possible for us to ...My favorite kind of music/movie/... is...I like...because...It was...by...When I listen to/watch/...it,I feel...I think you should listen to/watch/...it too because...It’s our duty to follow all the rules above.遵守上面的所有规定是我们的义务。 Writing 写作思路 Writing 经典试题 音乐在我们的生活中起着很重要的作用。请根据以下提示，以“The Role of Music”为题，用英语写一篇80词左右的短文。 要点提示： 1.放松身心，缓解压力；2. 振奋并鼓舞人心；3. 抚慰心灵，帮助走出困境；4. 帮助更好地了解不同的文化。 注意：可根据自己对音乐的理解适当发挥。 The Role of Music__________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Writing [总体分析]①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；②时态：时态为一般现在时；③提示：写作要点已给出，注意不要遗漏提示中的要点，可适当添加细节，并突出写作要点 [写作步骤]第一步，点明主题，说明音乐在我们的生活中起着很重要的作用。第二步，阐述音乐的作用。第三步，总结全文，呼应主题。 Writing [亮点词汇]①play an important role in在某方面起重要作用②make sb.do sth.使某人做某事③cheer sb.up使某人振作 [高分句型]What's more,music has a comforting effect when we are worried and helps us step out of difficulty.(when引导时间状语从句) Writing 【答案】 The Role of Music Music plays an important role in our lives. First,it can make us feel completely relaxed,and help reduce our pressure at work or in our lives.Second,music can cheer us up whenever we are in trouble or feel sad.What's more,music has a comforting effect when we are worried and helps us step out of difficulty.In addition,music can be of great help in learning different cultures.In a word,music is part of our lives.We can't live a happy life without music. 0 6 Exercises Exercises Exercises 一、单项选择 1.Football is a popular sport.       my father       my mother is interested in watching football matches. A.Not only;but also          B.Neither;nor              C.Both;and                D.Either;or 2.—What did people do when the music started? —The singer began to sing along       it and the others began to dance       it. A.to;with         B.with;with      C.with;to   D.to;to 3.—I'm afraid I have had a bad cold. —I'm sorry to hear that. You'd better drink ________boiled water. A. a lot　                  B.plenty of                C.a little　                D.a number of 4.My cousin preferred ________ TV at home to ________ to the concert. A.to watch; go　     B.watching; going          C.watching; go　        D.to watch; going 5.I'm going to the market to buy some meat and vegetables,so I will have to________my restaurant for several hours. A.shut off    B.put off     C.take off      D.set off √ √ √ √ √ Exercises 6.It was _______ usual trip, but it brings me ________ unusual experience. A.a; an            B. an; a         C. an; an                  D.an; the 7.—I missed the beginning of the movie, David. —        It was so exciting! A.Never mind.            B. Hurry up!             C. What a pity!         D. You’re welcome. 8.My grandparents          60 years ago and they love each other very much. A.have been married        B.got married   C.were married         D.have got married 9.All my family members think people should ________ doctors and nurses for their contribution（贡献）. A.praise                B.promise                 C.present                 D.prepare 10.—We prepared everything for this project, but it hasn't made ________ progress. —After all, it's a new project for us. We still have a long way to go. A. smooth        B. awful     C. lively     D. correct √ √ √ √ √ Exercises 11.There's plenty of rain in the southeast,        there's little in the northeast. A. however                B. when                  C. while                 D. as 12.—Are you going to Tibet for vacation? — Yes.I want you to        me with some information about it. A. offer                    B. give                  C. show                D. provide 13.-—These books look nice. How much do they cost? — Fifty yuan        . A. in common               B. in general             C. in addition            D. in total 14.—I prefer _______ a lot of homework rather than _______ exams. What about you? —Me too. I always get nervous about exams. A. doing; taking      B. to do; to take          C. doing; to take    D. to do; take 15.—We can almost do everything on the Internet, such as making lots of friends. —_______. Few can become your real friends. A. I can't agree more     B. That's for sure C. It's not the case D. I'm glad to hear that √ √ √ √ √ Exercises 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. In my opinion, everyone needs a true friend who cannot only share our happiness but also our__________(sad). 2. Surprisingly, the twin brothers look __________ (total) different in appearance. One is tall and thin, but the other is short and fat. 3. The girl could sing the song ___________(smooth) after practicing many times. 4. Jim and Mary are ____________(Australia). They are from Sydney. 5. Don’t lose heart, stick to ___________ (learn) and never give up. I’m sure you will succeed one day. 6. Many people disagreed with him at the meeting, but he still __________(stick) to his own idea. 7. Playing with ___________(electricity) products before bedtime will influence your sleep. 8. Zhang Yimou is the ___________(direct) of the popular film Full River Red. 9. Alice ___________ by the passengers because she offered her seat to an old woman. (praise) 10. Every time he recalled the ___________ (pain) memory, he cried. sadness totally smoothly Australians learning stuck electronic director was praised painful Homework 0 7 Homework Homework Homework Remember the words, expressions and sentences in this unit. Thank you! $$