Unit 4.3 Using language&Grammar -【创新教程】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第一册五维课堂同步Word教案（外研版2019）

Section Ⅲ　Using language & Grammar [词汇精讲] 1.Art exhibitions can have many themes，such as a historical period，a location or a trend. 艺术展览可以有很多主题，例如历史时期、地点或趋势。 *trend n．趋势；动向 ◆[佳句感知] This is an intensely popular trend that we can not fail to notice. 这是一个我们无法不注意到的一个非常流行的趋势。 [知识积累] the trend on/towards...　……的趋势 follow the trend 跟随潮流 set a trend 开风气之先；带领新潮流 ◆[学以致用] 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①In Bavaria the trend 　on/towards　 the job market was also positive. ②HAYA set 　a　 new trend of folk music throughout the world. ③What are the key 　trends　(trend)you could share with us? ④I like pop music most，because I want to 　follow the trend　. 我最喜欢流行音乐，因为我想跟随潮流。 2.create a strong contrast... 形成强烈对比…… *contrast n. 反差，对比 ◆[佳句感知] There is an obvious contrast between the culture of East and West. 东西方文化之间存在着明显的差异。 [知识积累] (1)in contrast to/with和……形成对比(相反)；比较起来 in contrast/by contrast相当于副词，“相比之下，与……相反” (2)contrast vt.把……与……相比 contrast A with/and B　把A和B比较 ◆[学以致用] 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①When you look at their new system，ours seems very old­fashioned 　by　 contrast . ②She contrasted the situation then 　with　 the present crisis. ③The company lost $7 million this quarter in contrast 　to/with　 a profit of $6.2 million a year earlier. ④The snow was icy and white，　contrasting　(contrast) with the blue sky. ⑤　In contrast　，the advocates of health have such arguments as follows. 相反地，支持健康更为重要的人就有以下的论点。 [句式精析] It wasn't until we went on a trip to The Hague last year that this dream came true! 直到去年我们去海牙旅行，这个梦想才实现！ [句式分析]　本句中It was not until...that....为强调句型。 ◆[佳句感知] It was not until I left home that I realized the importance of family. 直到我离开家，我才意识到家庭的重要性。 [知识积累] (1)It was not until...that...是not...until...结构套在强调句型“It was＋被强调部分＋that＋其他部分”中的复合句式。 (2)not until位于句首时，句子要部分倒装。 (3)在 not...until...结构中，not 用在主句的谓语结构之中，常用来否定非延续性动词。until 作为介词时，后面接表示时间概念的数词或名词性短语；until 作为连词时，后面接时间状语从句，构成一个主从复合句。整个句子常翻译成“直到……才……” ◆[学以致用] (1)完成句子 ①　It was not until 1936　 that basketball became a regular part of the Olympic Games. 直到1936年，篮球才成为奥运会的常规部分。 ②　It was not until I came here　 that I realised this place was famous for not only its beauty but also its weather. 直到我来到这里，我才意识到这个地方不仅因为它的美丽，而且因为它的天气而闻名。 ③You will not concentrate on your work 　until you put your heart into it　. 直到你用心去做，你才会专心工作。 (2)句型转换 Tom was not admitted to play computer games until he finished his homework. ④　It was not until Tom finished homework　 that he was admitted to play computer games. ⑤Not until Tom finished homework 　was he admitted to play computer games　. 非谓语动词作表语 自我探究 总结归纳 ①Every artist's wish is to create something that expresses an idea. 句子①中的表语是to create something，此处为动词不定式作表语。 ② One way for him to find inspiration is turning to his children's toys. 句子②中表语是turning to his children's toys，此处为动名词作表语。 ③He was particularly interested in the old story about a fish jumping through the “Dragon Gate”． 句子③中表语是interested, 此处为分词作表语。 ④Yang Liping's passion is dancing. 句子③中表语是dancing, 此处为动名词作表语。 [语法精析] ◆[基本用法] 一、动名词用作表语 　动名词作表语，表示抽象概念。动名词作表语一般用来表示“身份、职业”等，大部分时侯主语与表语可以互换。此外，还要注意主语与表语的一致性。 Her job is checking letter of credit and terms of contract. 她的工作是核对信用证和合同条款。 That is not playing the game. 那样做就不公平了。 This was really carrying matters a little too far. 这做得真有点太过分了。 二、不定式作表语 　不定式作表语，表示主语的具体内容，如职业、职责或性质等，也可以表示目的、愿望等。不定式作表语通常可以和主语位置互换。 My dream is to be a doctor.＝To be a doctor is my dream. 我的梦想是成为一名医生。 注意：如果作表语的不定式是解释主语中 do 的具体内容，不定式中的 to 可以省略。 All I did was(to)turn off the gas. 我所做的就是把煤气关掉。 [名师点津] 1．不要把作表语用的动名词和现在进行时态混淆。动名词说明主语的情况或性质，其内容在逻辑上等于主语的内容； 现在分词说明动作是由主语完成的(即表示主语正在进行的动作)。例如： His job is cleaning the classroom.(动名词短语作表语)他的工作就是打扫教室。 He is cleaning the classroom.(谓语，现在进行时)他正在打扫教室。 2．动名词(短语)和不定式(短语)都能用作主语或表语，两者的区别是： 表示比较抽象、一般的行为，不跟特定的动作执行者联系在一起时，多用动名词(短语)； 表示具体某次行为、特别是将来的行为，往往跟特定的动作执行者联系在一起时，多用不定式。 但在很多情况下，两者差别不太大，可以互用。 试比较∶ Our job is building houses.(经常性的一般行为) 我们的工作是盖房子。 Our main task now is to build this house.(特定的具体某次行为) 我们现在的主要任务是盖这间房子。 [针对训练] 单句语法填空 ①Some people's greatest pleasure is 　fishing 　(fish)． ②To answer correctly is more important than 　to finish　(finish)quickly. ③My task is 　to show　(show)you around our newly­built library. ④Her wish is 　to become　(become)an engineer. ⑤The purpose of education is 　to develop　(develop)a fine personality in children. ⑥To be kind to the enemy is 　to be　(be) cruel to the people. ⑦What he hoped was 　to be admitted　(admit) into the university. ⑧All that he could do was 　(to)comfort　(comfort)her. 三、分词用作表语 1．现在分词作表语，总是跟在系动词之后，构成复合谓语。现在分词作表语，表示主语所具有的特征。 许多作表语的现在分词已经形容词化，可以用副词修饰，也可以有比较级形式，如 amazing，amusing，annoying，astonishing，boring，charming等。 The development of our aviation industry is quite encouraging. 我们的航空工业的发展是非常令人鼓舞的。 What he says sounds more convincing. 他说的话听起来更有说服力。 The European scene began to look threatening again. 欧洲局势再度出现危险。 2．过去分词作表语，表示主语所处的状态。作表语的过去分词也已经形容词化，可以被副词修饰，有比较级、最高级形式，如 accustomed，amazed，amused，astonished, bored，broken，closed，decided，delighted，devoted 等。 In the world many things are complicated. 世界上的很多事情是复杂的。 The river has swollen with the melted snow. 雪融河涨。 Einstein's theory of relativity is known all over the world. 爱因斯坦的相对论举世闻名。 [名师点津]　 1．分词作表语时，相当于形容词，表示性质或状态；进行时态和被动语态中的分词是谓语动词的组成部分，表示具体的动作，两者不可混淆。 The university president's opening speech is encouraging (表语) 大学校长的开幕词鼓舞人心。 My English teacher was encouraging me to learn English well.(过去进行时) 我的英语老师鼓励我学好英语。 We are all pleased with the results.(表语) 我们都对结果很满意。 We are all pleased by his job.(被动语态) 我们都对他所做的工作感到很满意。 2．以后缀­ed结尾的形容词(如ashamed，delighted，excited，frightened，interested，moved，pleased等)通常用于说明人，不用于说明事物，即使它们所修饰的名词是事物，那它们指的也是与该事物相关的人。 He had a pleased smile on his face. 他脸上露出了满意的微笑。 He told me the news in a very excited voice. 他以非常激动的声音告诉了我这个消息。 3．以后缀­ing结尾的形容词(如exciting，frightening，interesting，moving surprising，worrying等)主要用于说明事物，表示事物的性质或特征，若用它们说明人，则表示此人具有此性质或特征。 He has a frightening look on his face. 他脸上带有吓人的神情。 [针对训练] ①We all believe that if a book is 　interesting　(interest), it will surely interest the readers. ②The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain 　seated　(seat) as the plane was making a landing. ③You sound very much 　interested　(interest)in the job，which makes me excited. ④It is said that listening to music makes a person feel 　relaxed　(relax) when he is tired. ⑤The story was 　moving　，we were all deeply 　moved　 by the story. (move) [综合演练] Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．My task is 　to clean　(clean)the classroom this afternoon. 2．We got a little 　sunburned　(sunburn)，but the day had been so 　relaxing　(relax) that we didn't mind. 3．The speech was so 　inspiring　(inspire) that they were all excited. 4．It would be 　interesting　(interest) to know what he really believed. 5．What the doctor told me was 　to lie　(lie) down and rest. 6．All I did was 　(to)give　(give) him a little push. 7．It is easy to get 　discouraged　 (discourage) when things are going bad. 8．What we expect from you is 　working　(work) hard rather than hardly working. 9．They behaved badly towards the guests，which made us very 　disappointed　 (disappoint)． 10．The children will get 　confused　(confuse) if asked to learn too much at a time. 11．The book is so 　interesting　(interest) that it attracts me so much. 12．Our work is 　serving　(serve) the people. Ⅱ.完成句子 1．这个消息是令人兴奋的，听完这个消息我们感到非常兴奋。 After hearing 　the exciting news　， we 　felt quite excited　. 2．我整个上午所做的一切就是准备这顿饭。 All that I did all the morning was 　to have prepared　 the meal. 3．我国在抗击新型冠状病毒肺炎所取得的成绩对其他国家有很大的鼓舞。 Our achievements in the fight against COVID­19 are 　very encouraging 　to other countries. 4．我们学生的工作就是努力学习以便将来能实现自己的伟大抱负。 Our students' job is 　to study hard to　 realize our great ambition in the future. 5．他们的工作是为残疾人制造轮椅。 Their job is 　making wheelchairs for　 the disabled. 6．这个美丽的村庄仍不为世人所知。 The beautiful village 　remains unknown to 　the world. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$