Unit 2.3 Using language&Grammar -【创新教程】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第一册五维课堂同步Word教案（外研版2019）

Section Ⅲ　Using language & Grammar [词汇精讲] 1.someone who is extremely enthusiastic and enjoys working extremely hard 一个非常热心、喜欢努力工作的人 *enthusiastic adj.热心的；热衷的 ◆[佳句感知] You don't sound very enthusiastic about the idea. 你听起来对这个想法不太热情。 [知识积累] (1)be enthusiastic about (doing) sth. 对(做)某事热心 (2)enthusiasm n．热情，热忱 with(great)enthusiasm(非常)热情地 full of enthusiasm 充满热情 (3)enthusiastically adv.热情地 (1)单句语法填空 ①Today，I am just as enthusiastic 　about　 my job as the day I first started. ②She is enthusiastic about 　helping　(help) others. ③The whole playground was excited with the audience cheering 　enthusiastically　 (enthusiastic) for the athletes. (2) 完成句子 ④I didn't think they liked my idea.At any rate，they 　weren't very enthusiastic about 　it. 我不认为他们喜欢我的主意。 不管怎么说，他们对此并不是很热情。 ⑤We shouldn't feel discouraged right after failures.Rather, we should 　with enthusiasm　. 我们不应该在失败后感到气馁。 相反，我们应该充满热情。 2.Why are you so upset? 你为什么这么难过？ *upset adj.心烦意乱的，烦恼的 ◆[佳句感知] The bad news upset me.As a result, I upset a glass of milk on the desk, which upset my plan for feeding my pet.My kid was upset about it. 那则坏消息使我心烦意乱。结果，我把桌上的一杯牛奶弄翻了，这打乱了我喂宠物的计划。我的孩子对此很不高兴。 [知识积累] (1)be upset to do sth./that ……让某人心烦意乱 be upset about sth.为某事心烦 be upset with sb.生某人的气 (2)upset v．使生气； 使心烦意乱； 打翻 It upsets sb.to do sth./that...让某人烦心 ◆[学以致用] (1)单句语法填空 ①Anne's sister Margot was very upset 　that　 the family had to move. ②He was upset 　to hear　(hear) that the holiday had been canceled. ③My parents were in a huge argument，and I was really upset 　about　 it. ④You are not still upset 　with　 me, are you? ⑤She stood up suddenly，　upsetting　(upset)a glass of wine. (2)一句多译 让我们感到心烦的是，他总是撒谎。 ⑥It 　upsets us that　 he is always telling lies. ⑦ We 　are upset that　 he is always telling lies. 3.You ran for Head of the Student Committee but weren't elected. 你竞选学生会主席，但没有当选。 *elect v．选举； 推选 ◆[佳句感知] He was the first black man to be elected as Mayor. 他是第一位被选为市长的黑人。 [知识积累] (1)be/get elected 当选 elect sb.(as/to be)＋职位选举某人为……(职位前无冠词) elect sb. to sth. 选举某人加入…… elect to do sth. 选择做某事 (2)election n．选举 ◆[学以致用] (1)单句语法填空 ①He elected 　to take　(take)early retirement instead of moving to the new location. ②If I am lucky enough to win the　 election　(elect), the first thing I will do is enrich our students' after­class activities. (2)完成句子 ③I have such a good command of English that I 　am elected as/to be assistant　 to my English teacher. 我英语水平很好，被选为英语老师的助手。 ④She　 elected to return　 to work after her baby was born. 她决定孩子出生后再去工作。 v．­ing和动词不定式作宾语 自我探究 总结归纳 ①You may have spent years giving up your weekends and free time to write your life's work... 句子①中giving up作谓语动词spent的宾语。 ② Rowling had spent years surviving on little money, spending all her time writing. 句子②中surviving on little money, spending all her time writing作谓语动词spent的宾语。 ③J.D.Salinger started writing short stories in high school，but later struggled to get his works published. 句子③中writing short stories作谓语动词started的宾语；to get his works published作谓语动词struggled的宾语。 ④J.D.Salinger refused to give up. 句子④中to give up作谓语动词refused的宾语。 [语法精析] ◆[基本用法] 　非谓语动词中v.­ing和动词不定式都可以放在某些谓语动词或介词的后面作宾语。 一、v.­ing作宾语 1．动名词可以跟在动词后面作宾语。 (1)常见的只能接动名词不能接不定式作宾语的动词有： 表示“建议”“完成”“推迟”和“想象”：suggest，finish, postpone, delay, imagine 表示“需要”“承认”“介意”和“原谅”：require，admit，mind, pardon，excuse 表示“避免”“冒险”“练”“逃”和“错过”：avoid，risk, practice, escape, miss 表示“允许”考虑”“理解”和“喜欢”“赏”：allow，permit, consider，understand，enjoy，appreciate (2)常见的可以接动名词作宾语，而且也可以用“动词＋sb./sth.doing”结 构的动词有 appreciate，consider，excuse，mind，propose，suggest，admit，delay，prevent, decline，forgive 等。 2．动名词作介词宾语常用在动词短语后。 insist on，keep on，get used to，see to，pay attention to, take to，give up，aim at，believe in，be engaged in，care for，accuse...of，put off，prevent...from，thank...for，devote..to，depend on，set about，be fond of，be tired of，succeed in，be keen on，worry about，apologize for，feel like，dream of，lead to，be worth [巧学助记]　只能接动名词作宾语的动词(短语)口诀 完成实践值得忙(finish，practice，be worth，be busy) 继续习惯别放弃(keep on，be used to，give up) 考虑建议不禁想(consider，suggest，can't help，feel like) 喜欢思念要介意(enjoy，miss，mind) [针对训练] 单句语法填空 ①He got well prepared for the job interview，for he couldn't risk　 losing 　(lose) the good opportunity. ② We are considering 　making　 (make) a new decision. ③—I usually go there by train. —Why not try 　going 　(go)by boat for a change? ④Our monitor suggested 　having　 (have)discussion on the new holiday plan. 二、不定式作宾语 1．只能以不定式作宾语，而不能以动名词作宾语的动词有： (“希望”干)wish，hope，expect，long，desire； (早“打算”)plan，mean，prepare，attempt，intend； (“同意”“否”)agree，consent，refuse，decline； (“寻”“问”看)seek，ask，beg； (“选”“定”了)choose，decide，determine，promise； (“尽”“自愿”)manage，volunteer，tend； (“称”“失败”)claim，fail； (“敢”“假装”)dare，pretend 2．可用于“动词＋it＋形容词/名词＋to do sth.”结构中的动词有 feel，find，make，think，believe，consider等。 3．以动词不定式作宾语的形容词有 happy，glad，pleased, sure，ready，anxious，eager，free，afraid，willing等。 4．有些介词后也可以接不定式作宾语，如介词 but，about，except 等。 [巧学助记]　只能接不定式作宾语的动词(短语)口诀 决定想做计划需要同意能做被用来做的事 迫不及待下决心做过去常常未能做的事 [针对训练] 单句语法填空 ①He gave us some advice on how 　to learn　(learn) English. ②There seemed nothing left to do but 　send　(send)for the doctor. ③Do you think it difficult　 to train 　(train) a dolphin to jump? ④I prefer 　to do　(do) some reading rather than watch TV. [名师点津]　用 to do 还是 doing? 1．在谓语动词“remember”“forget”的后面。 (1)“remember”“forget”＋动名词(v.­ing)。 表示动名词(v.­ing)的动作发生在“remember /forget”的前面。例如： I forgot posting your letter.(posting 指过去的动作，信已经发出。) 我忘记已经发了你的信。 Can't you remember telling me the story last night？(telling me the story 动名词短语指过去的动作。) 你难道不记得你昨天晚上跟我讲过这个故事吗？ (2)“remember”“forget”＋动词不定式(to do)。 表示动词不定式的动作发生在“remember”“forget”的后面。 Don't forget to post my letter.(to post 指将来的动作，信还没有发出。) 别忘了把我的信发出去。 You must remember to tell him all that.(to tell 动词不定式指将来的动作，记着告诉。) 你一定要记着告诉他这一切。 2．在谓语动词“mean”“try”后面用动名词，还是用动词不定式结构，主要取决于“mean”“try”本身的含义。 (1)“mean”“try”＋动词不定式(to do)。 “mean”“try”在这里分别表示“打算”“努力”“设法”的意思。 I didn't mean to make you angry. 我并不想叫你生气。 Try to answer the question. 设法回答这个问题。 (2)“mean”“try”＋动名词(v.­ing)。 “mean”“try”在这里分别表示“意味、表明”“试试”“试用”的意思。 Your plan would mean spending hours. 你的计划意味着要花几个小时。 Try using another way. 试着用另外一种方法。 3．在谓语动词“like”“hate”的后面。 (1)like/hate＋动词不定式(to do)，表示特定的或具体的一次性动作。 I like/hate to swim with you this afternoon. 我想/不想今天下午同你去游泳。 (2)like/hate＋动名词(v.­ing)，表示习惯爱好或经常性的动作。 I like/hate swimming in winter. 我喜欢/不喜欢在冬天游泳。 4．除了上述情况外，还应该注意下面两种情况： (1)在谓语动词 wish、hope、want 、decide等词的后面只能接动词不定式(to do)作宾语，而不能接动名词(v.­ing)。 I hope to see you.我希望见到你。 (2)在谓语动词 mind、finish、enjoy 等词的后面只能接动名词(v.­ing)作宾语，而不能接动词不定式(to do)。 You will have the book as soon as I finish reading it. 我看完这本书就给你。 [综合演练] Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．We couldn't help 　laughing　(laugh) after we heard the funny story. 2．We can understand why he avoids 　meeting　(meet)us. 3．Though it began to rain，the soldiers kept on 　advancing　(advance)towards the front. 4．Remember 　to put　(put)back the magazine when you have finished reading it. 5．He hates 　being played　(play)jokes on in public. 6．I forgot 　to sign　(sign)my name when I finished writing the composition. 7．She had no choice but 　to sit　(sit) in the corner of the room weeping. 8．He hasn't got used to 　living　(live)in France yet. 9．I first considered writing to him, but then I decided 　to phone　(phone)him. 10．In order to gain a bigger share in the international market，many state­run companies are striving market 　to make　(make)their products more competitive. Ⅱ.完成句子 1．She longed 　to return to her hometown　. 她渴望返回她的家乡。 2．He looks forward to 　joining the army　. 他渴望去参军。 3．The medical workers didn't hesitate 　to rush to Wuhan to save the patients　. 医务人员毫不犹豫地奔向武汉去抢救病人。 4．We should prevent the river from 　being polluted　. 我们应当阻止河流被污染。 5．My father decided to 　give up smoking　 because smoking is bad for his health. 我的父亲决定戒烟了，因为抽烟有害健康。 6．She can't help 　(to)clean　 the house because she is busy 　making　 cakes. 她不能帮忙打扫房间，因为她在忙着做蛋糕。 7．At the moment，he is considering 　buying books in the city　. 此时此刻，他正考虑进城买书。 8．How I wish　 to have a day off　！ 我多么想再有一天假期呀！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$