Unit 4.4 Developing ideas&Presenting ideas-【创新教程】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第二册五维课堂同步Word教案（外研版2019）

Section Ⅳ　Developing ideas & Presenting ideas 注解助读 ①mount v．走上，登上 ② in memory of 为了纪念 ③address n．演说 v．写(收信人)姓名地址；解决，处理；演讲；向……说话；称呼 ④bitterly adv.极其，非常 ⑤civil adj.公民的，国民的 civil war 内战 ⑥slave n．奴隶 slave­owning adj. 拥有奴隶的 ⑦confederate adj.(美国内战期间)南部联邦的 ⑧union n．联邦 ⑨civilian adj.平民的；百姓的 ⑩division n．分歧，分裂 ⑪step by step 一步步地，逐步地，逐渐地 ⑫bring forth 使产生，使出现 ⑬conceive v．构想，设想 ⑭liberty n．自由 ⑮dedicate v．致力于，献身于 dedicate to 献(身)于……；把(时间、精力等)用于…… ⑯be engaged in 从事于 ⑰endure v．持续存在 ⑱battlefield n．战场 ⑲portion n．一部分 ⑳altogether adv.完全地 consecrate v．宣布……为神圣之处 hallow v．使成为神圣 detract v．减低，破坏，损害 nobly adv.高尚地，崇高地 in vain 白白地 perish v．死亡 原文呈现 The Words That Changed A Nation 1　On a grey afternoon on 19 November 1863，a tall，thin man mounted① a platform in a field in Gettysburg，Pennsylvania and began to speak.The place was the site of a recent battle where thousands of soldiers had died　[1]．The man was Abraham Lincoln，President of the United States of America，and he was there in memory of② the soldiers who had died.　[2]The speech he gave was just 268 words long and lasted two minutes.But this address③ to the crowd changed the minds of his people and helped shape a nation. [1]where 引导定语从句，修饰先行词battle，where在从句中作地点状语。 [2]本句是and连接的并列句。第一个分句中President of the United States of America，为Abraham Lincoln的同位语，第二个分句中who引导定语从句，修饰先行词the soldiers。 2　At that time，America was bitterly④ divided.For two years，its people had been deep in a civil war⑤ between the slave­owning⑥ Confederate⑦ Southern States and the “free” Northern States of the Union⑧.The worst battle lasted three days and took place at Gettysburg in 1863.The Union side won，but at a great cost.Over 50,000 soldiers were killed or wounded，and people lost hope and purpose.What was all this suffering for? 3　Lincoln understood the feelings of the civilian⑨ people.His speech gave them hope，belief and a reason to look to the future.He gave them a new vision of what the United States of America should be，based on the ideals set down by its Founding Fathers 87 years before.　[3]It was what the soldiers had died for.Now it was up to the living to remove not only the divisions⑩ between North and South，but the boundaries between black and white，and work step by step⑪ towards the equality of humankind　[4]． [3]本句是主从复合句。what引导宾语从句，作介词of的宾语；based on the ideals set down by its Founding Fathers 87 years before为过去分词作状语；set down为过去分词作定语，修饰the ideals。 [4]本句中it作形式主语，动词不定式短语to remove not only...humankind作真正的主语；not only...South，but ...white，为not only ...but also...连接的并列成分，作remove的宾语。 4　Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth⑫，upon this continent，a new nation，conceived⑬ in Liberty⑭，and dedicated⑮ to the proposition that all men are created equal　[5]． [5]conceived in...are created equal作定语，修饰a new nation，that引导同位语从句，对the proposition 的内容进行解释说明。 5　Now we are engaged in⑯ a great civil war，testing whether that nation，or any nation，so conceived，and so dedicated，can long endure⑰　 [6]．We are met here on a great battlefield⑱ of that war.We have come to dedicate a portion⑲ of it as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live[7]．　It is altogether⑳ fitting and proper that we should do this. [6]testing whether...long endure为现在分词短语作状语；其中whether引导宾语从句。 [7]本句是主从复合句。who引导定语从句修饰先行词those；that that nation might live是so that 引导的目的状语从句，so已省略。 6　But in a larger sense，we can not dedicate－we can not consecrate－we can not hallow this ground.The brave men，living and dead，who struggled here，have consecrated it far above our poor power to add or detract.The world will little note，nor long remember，what we say here，but can never forget what they did here.It is for us，the living，rather to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they have，thus far，so nobly carried on　[8]．It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us　[9]－that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they here gave the last full measure of devotion－that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain；that this nation shall have a new birth of freedom；and that this government of the people，by the people，for the people，shall not perish from the earth　[10]． [8]本句属于“It is for sb.to do sth.”句型，该句型意为“该由某人做某事”；which they...on为 which 引导的限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 the unfinished work。 [9]remaining before us是动词­ing 短语作后置定语，修饰 the great task。 [10]that from...of devotion，that we here...in vain，that this nation...of freedom和 that this government of...from the earth都是由连接词 that 引导的同位语从句，均用于对 the great task 的内容进行解释。在第一个 that引导的同位语从句中，for which...of devotion为介词＋关系代词which引导的限制性定语从句，修饰that cause；在第二个 that 引导的同位语从句中，that these dead in vain为 that 引导的宾语从句，作 resolve的宾语。 (“The Gettysburg Address” by Abraham Lincoln) 参考译文 一场改变国家命运的演讲 1　1863年11月19日，在灰暗沉闷的午后，一个体型瘦高的男子登上宾夕法尼亚州葛底斯堡田野里的平台，发表演讲。不久前，这个地方曾爆发了一场战斗，成千上万的士兵丧生于此。这位演讲者就是亚伯拉罕·林肯，时任美国总统，他前去那里纪念牺牲的士兵。他的这次演讲只有短短268个英文单词，仅持续了两分钟，却彻底改变了人民的想法，对重塑美国起到了重大作用。 2　当时的美国正处于严重的分裂状态。在两年的时间里，美国人民深陷于南北双方——拥有奴隶的南方邦联州和北方自由州的激烈内战当中。其中，最惨烈的一场战斗于1863年在葛底斯堡爆发，持续了整整三天。邦联州赢得了这次战争，却也付出了惨重代价。总共5万多名士兵被杀或受伤，人民失去了希望和目标，不禁疑惑为何经历这样的痛苦呢？ 3　林肯对平民百姓的心情感同身受。他引用87年前诸位开国元勋奠定的国家理想，用这场演讲给了人们希望、信念和展望未来的理由，展示了美利坚合众国的全新面貌。士兵们的牺牲就是为了换取这个美好的愿景。现在，活着的人不仅要消除南北各州的分歧，更要打破黑人和白人的界限，为人类的平等一步步努力。 4　87年前，我们的先辈在这块大陆上创立了一个新国家，它孕育于自由之中，奉行人人生而平等的原则。 5　现在我们正在进行一场激烈的内战，考验我们的国家，或者任何一个主张自由平等的国家，是否能够长久存在。我们在这场战争的大战场上集会，把战场的一角献给为国家生存而牺牲的烈士，作为他们永久的安息之地，这是我们义不容辞、理所应当要做的事。 6　但是，从更广泛的意义上来说，我们不能把这一角战场献作圣地，封为圣地，变成圣地。因为在这里战斗过的勇士们，无论活着的抑或是死去的，已经使这一角战场神圣化了，我们微薄的力量远远不能为它增光，或者使它减色。世人不太会注意、也不会长久记住我们在这里说的话，但是永远不会忘记他们在这里的英勇事迹。因此，活着的人们更应献身于他们为之战斗并且使之前进的未竟事业。我们更应该献身于面前的伟大任务，更应该不断向这些光荣牺牲的烈士学习为事业鞠躬尽瘁、死而后已的献身精神，更应该在这里下决心，一定不要让这些烈士的鲜血白流。这个国家在上帝的保佑下，一定要得到自由的新生，这个民有、民治、民享的政府将永世长存。 (《葛底斯堡演说》，亚伯拉罕·林肯) Ⅰ.Read for main idea. What is the passage mainly about? A．It's about a speech that shaped Lincoln. B．It's about a speech that changed Lincoln. C．It's about a speech that influenced a nation. D．It's about a speech that changed the world. 答案：C Ⅱ.Read for structure Ⅲ.Read for the details 1．Why did Lincoln give this speech? A．To help shape a nation. B．In memory of the soldiers who had died. C．To help people in Gettysburg，Pennsylvania. D．In memory of the people who had died in his hometown. 2．How long did the American civil war last? A．For two years. B．For three days. C．For a year. D．For two months. 3．What was the central point of Lincoln's speech? A．Helping the living. B．The reason why the soldiers died. C．The gradual realization of human equality. D．A new vision for the United States of America. 4．What was the purpose of the civil war according to Lincoln? A．To see if we're right. B．To see if a nation can last. C．To bury the dead soldiers. D．To meet on the battlefield. 5．What did Lincoln call on people to do at last? A．To forget the dead soldiers. B．To remember what we said today. C．To give our life for our country. D．To finish the unfinished business of the dead soldiers. 答案：1－5　BACBD Ⅳ.Post­reading 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。 In 1863，America was 1.　bitterly　(bitter)divided.For 2 years，its people had been deep in a civil war between the slave­owning Confederate Southern States and the “free” Northern States of the Union.The 2.　worst　(bad)battle ever took place at Gettysburg and lasted three days.The Union side won but at a great cost.Over 50,000 soldiers 3.　were_killed　(kill)or wounded，and people lost hope and purpose. Abraham Lincoln，President of the United States of America，understood the feelings of the civilian people.So,4.　on　 a grey afternoon，on 19 November 1863，he made a speech in Gettysburg，in memory of those soldiers who had died.His speech gave the people hope，belief and a reason 5.　to_look　(look)to the future.He gave them a new vision of 6.　what　 the United States of America should be.He called upon 7.　the　 living to remove not only the divisions between North and South，but the 8.　boundaries　(boundary)between black and white，and work step by step towards the 9.　equality　(equal)of humankind. Though it was just 268 words long and 10.　lasted　(last)only two minutes，Lincoln's speech changed the minds of his people and helped shape a nation. [重点单词] 1．　mount　 v．走上，登上 2．　civil　 adj.公民的，国民的 3．　confederate　 adj.(美国内战期间)南部联邦的 4．　union　 n．联邦 5．　civilian　 adj.平民的；百姓的 6．　conceive　 v．构想，设想 7．　liberty　 n．自由 8．　endure　 v．持续存在 9．　battlefield　 n．战场 10．　portion　 n．一部分 11．　altogether　 adv.完全地 12．　consecrate　 v．宣布……为神圣之处 13．　hallow　 v．使成为神圣 14．　detract　 v．减低，破坏，损害 15．　perish　 v．死亡 16．　slave　 n．奴隶→　slavery　 n．奴隶身份；奴隶制度 17．　division　 n．分歧，分裂→　divide　 v．(使)分开；(使)产生分歧 18．　dedicate　 v．致力于，献身于→　dedication　 n．奉献 19．　nobly　 adv.高尚地，崇高地→　noble　 adj.高尚的；贵族的；崇高的 20．　influential　 adj.有影响力的 →　influence　 n．势力；影响；有影响的人/事物 v．影响；支配 21．　communist　 adj.共产主义的→　communism　 n．共产主义(制度) [重点短语] 1．　civil_war　　内战 2．　step_by_step　　一步步地，逐步地，逐渐地 3．　bring_forth　　使产生，使出现 4．　dedicate_to　　献(身)于……；把(时间、精力等)用于…… 5．　be_engaged_in　　从事于 6．　in_vain　　白白地 [经典句式] 1. 句式 呈现 Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth，upon this continent，a new nation，conceived in Liberty，and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal. 87年前，我们的先辈在这块大陆上创立了一个新国家，它孕育于自由之中，奉行人人生而平等的原则。 句式 分析 本句是　主从复合　句。句中that引导　同位语　从句，对名词 the proposition的内容进行解释说明。 佳句 仿写 I did not receive the news that 　the_meeting_had_been_put_off　. 我没有收到会议被推迟的消息。 2. 句式 呈现 Now we are engaged in a great civil war，testing whether that nation，or any nation，so conceived，and so dedicated，can long endure. 现在我们正在进行一场激烈的内战，考验我们的国家，或者任何一个主张自由平等的国家，是否能够长久存在。 句式 分析 本句是　主从复合　句。句中testing whether that nation，or any nation，so conceived，and so dedicated，can long endure为现在分词短语作　伴随　状语。 佳句 仿写 The boy came into the classroom，　following_his_teacher　. 那男孩跟着他的老师走进了教室。 3. 句式 呈现 It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us... 因此，活着的人们更应献身于他们为之战斗并且使之前进的未竟事业。 句式 分析 本句是　简单　句。句中remaining before us...为现在分词作　定　语，修饰 the great task。 佳句 仿写 Those 　sparing_no_efforts_to_realize_their_dreams　 will never feel regretful. 那些竭尽全力去实现自己的梦想的人将永远不会感到后悔。 [词汇精讲] 1 (教材 P44) Now it was up to the living to remove not only the divisions between North and South，but the boundaries between black and white，and work step by step towards the equality of humankind. 现在，活着的人不仅要消除南北各州的分歧，更要打破黑人和白人的界限，为人类的平等一步步努力。 　*division n．分歧，分裂 ◆[佳句感知] Divisions of opinion among themselves contributed to their defeat. 他们之间的意见分歧导致了他们的失败。 [知识积累] (1)division between/within/among...……之间的分歧 (2)divide vt.&vi.(使)分开，分成…… divide...into...把……分成…… divide...from...把……与……隔开 divide sth.between/among sb.把某物分配给某人 ◆[学以致用] (1)单句语法填空 ①The decision reportedly caused a 　division　(divide) between the two women. ②The teacher divided our class 　into　 five groups. ③Opinions 　are_divided　(divide)over the advantages and disadvantages of living in the city and in the countryside. ④He divided the money equally 　among　 the children. (2)写作佳句 ⑤The volunteers 　were_divided_into_two_groups　 to take part in different farm work. 志愿者们被分成两组，参加不同的农场工作。 2 (教材45)Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth，upon this continent，a new nation，conceived in Liberty，and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal. 87年前，我们的先辈在这块大陆上创立了一个新国家，它孕育于自由之中，奉行人人生而平等的原则。 　*bring forth使产生，使出现 ◆[佳句感知] These efforts will surely bring forth good fruit. 这些努力肯定会产生好的成果。 [知识积累] ◆[学以致用] (1)用bring相关短语填空 ①Her parents died when she was a baby and she was 　brought_up　 by her aunt. ②The reason why the goods are sold at such low prices is that the manufacturers are willing to 　bring_down　 prices in return for big volume of purchases. ③This picture often 　brings_back　 to me many happy memories of my high school days. ④These few words can 　bring_forth　 a reaction，a thought，an emotion，or feeling in the person's body. (2)句式升级 ⑤Because he was brought up in a big city，he found it quite difficult to fit in the countryside. →　Brought_up_in_a_big_city　，he found it quite difficult to fit in the countryside.(改为非谓语动词作状语) 3 (教材45)Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth，upon this continent，a new nation，conceived in Liberty，and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal. 87年前，我们的先辈在这块大陆上创立了一个新国家，它孕育于自由之中，奉行人人生而平等的原则。 　*dedicate v．致力于，献身于 ◆[佳句感知] A great person is someone who dedicates his/her life to helping others. 伟人就是将他/她的一生致力于帮助别人的人。 [知识积累] (1)dedicate...to...把……奉献于…… dedicate oneself to 献身于……；致力于…… (2)dedicated adj. 专注的；献身的；一心一意的 be dedicated to (doing) sth.专心于……；奉献于…… (3)dedication n. 奉献 [语境助记] He dedicated his life to his work，and his dedication to his job is admired by everyone，including some of his dedicated friends. 他把自己的一生奉献给了他的工作，他对工作的奉献受到了每个人的钦佩，包括他的一些忠实的朋友。 [名师点津]　含有介词to的动词短语： ①be/get accustomed to doing sth.　习惯于做某事 ②object to doing sth.　反对做某事 ③look forward to doing sth.　盼望做某事 ④get down to doing sth.　开始做某事 ◆[学以致用] (1)单句语法填空 ①Most of his spare time was dedicated 　to　 the translation of those works. ②We appreciated his 　dedication　(dedicate) of time and money to the project. ③Once married，she will dedicated her whole life to 　looking　(look) after children and being a full­time homemaker. (2)写作佳句 ④She vowed to herself that she 　would_dedicate_her_life_to_scientific_studies　. 她默默地发誓要献身于科学研究。 4 (教材P45)．..that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain... 我们应该在这里下决心，一定不要让这些烈士的鲜血白流…… 　*in vain 徒劳；无结果 ◆[佳句感知] You should never blame the boy for the result of the test，for he had tried his best though all are in vain. 你不应该责怪这个男孩成绩不佳，因为尽管一切都是徒劳，他已经尽了最大的努力。 [知识积累] in place　　　　　在正确位置 in detail 详细(尽)地 in comfort 舒适地 in charge 主管；负责 in harmony 和谐地 in peace 和平地 in sight 在视力所及范围之内 in return 作为报答；回报 in short/brief 简言之 in effect 实际上 ◆[学以致用] (1)用in＋名词短语填空 ①I have tried very hard to find a solution to the problem，but 　in_vain　. ②With everything 　in_place　，the kitchen becomes an enjoyable place to work in. ③If there is something wrong with the machine，it should be reported at once to the engineer 　in_charge　. ④　In_short/brief　，the number of the people who drive after drinking is smaller and smaller. (2)写作佳句 ⑤You mentioned that 　you_would_like_to_teach_me_English_in_return　，which is exactly what I am dying for. 你提到作为回报你想教我英语，这正是我所渴望的。 5 (教材 P47)Edgar Snow was an American journalist who wrote influential books and articles about China in the 1930s. 埃德加·斯诺是一位美国新闻记者，他撰写的有关 20世纪 30 年代的中国的书和文章很有影响力。 　*influential adj.有影响力的 ◆[佳句感知] Chaplin was not just a genius; he was among the most influential figures in film history. 卓别林不仅仅是天才，也是电影史上最有影响力的人物之一。 [知识积累] (1)be influential in sth./doing sth.在某方面/做某事上很有影响力 (2)influence n．& v. 影响 have an influence on/upon... 有……影响 under the influence of... 在……影响下 ◆[学以致用] (1)单句语法填空 ①Johnson was influential 　in　 persuading the producers to put money into the film. ②While all types of bags have some influence 　on　 the environment，it has long been supposed that paper bags are kinder. ③It's said that the earliest sculptures were made 　under　 the influence of Greek art. ④She wanted to work for a bigger and 　more_influential　 (influence) newspaper. (2)写作佳句 ⑤ What teachers say and do 　has_a_great_influence_on　 the growth of their students. 老师的言行对学生的成长有很大的影响。 ⑥　Under_the_influence_of_his_deskmate　，he has made great progress since last week. 在他同桌的影响下，自上周以来他已经取得了很大的进步。 [句式精析] 1 (教材P45)Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth，upon this continent，a new nation，conceived in Liberty，and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal. 87年前，我们的先辈在这块大陆上创立了一个新国家，它孕育于自由之中，奉行人人生而平等的原则。 　[句式分析]　句中that引导同位语从句，对名词 the proposition的内容进行解释说明。 ◆[佳句感知] I thrilled at the news that my favourite football team won the World Cup. 我最喜欢的足球队赢得了世界杯，这条新闻让我很激动。 [知识积累] (1)同位语从句是对某个名词的内容进行解释说明。 (2)that引导同位语从句，在从句中不作成分，没有意义，但不能省略。 (3)后跟同位语从句的多是一些表示抽象含义的名词，如fact、hope、idea、information、news、problem、possibility、promise、suggestion、truth等。 [名师点津] (1)表达“是否”的概念时，一般用whether不用if引导同位语从句。 (2)在某些名词后的同位语从句中，其谓语动词应用虚拟语气形式，即(should＋)动词原形。常见的这类名词有insistence(坚持)，order(命令)，demand(要求)，advice(建议)，proposal(建议)，request(请求)。 ◆[学以致用] (1)单句语法填空 ①We should consider the students' request 　that　 the school library provide more books on popular science. ②They received an order that the work　(should)be_finished　(finish) by Friday. ③There is still some doubt 　whether　 the autumn sports meet will be held in our school，but there is no doubt 　that　 it will be held soon after our National Day holiday. (2)完成句子 ④Word came 　that_this_school_was_in_great_need_of_teachers　. 有消息传来，这所学校非常需要教师。 2 (教材P45)Now we are engaged in a great civil war，testing whether that nation，or any nation，so conceived，and so dedicated，can long endure. 现在我们正在进行一场激烈的内战，考验我们的国家，或者任何一个主张自由平等的国家，是否能够长久存在。 　[句式分析]　testing whether that nation，or any nation，so conceived，and so dedicated，can long endure为现在分词短语作伴随状语。 ◆[佳句感知] I have a very busy life with no time to sit around feeling sorry for myself. 我的生活很忙碌，没有时间闲坐着顾影自怜。 [知识积累] (1)现在分词短语作伴随状语，伴随状语的逻辑主语一般情况下必须是全句的主语，伴随状语与谓语动词所表示的动作或状态是同时发生的。 (2)现在分词短语作伴随状语，可以改写成并列谓语。 [名师点津]　现在分词和过去分词作状语的区别： (1)现在分词作状语，分词和主语是主动关系，并表示动作正在进行； (2)过去分词作状语，分词和主语是被动关系，并表示动作已经完成。 ◆[学以致用] (1)单句语法填空 ①His teacher，Thomas Whaley，is next to him，　whispering　 (whisper) support. ②One night，a fifteen­year­old boy came in and walked here and there，　looking　 (look) for a book. ③　Seen　 (see) from the hill，the city looks like a big garden. (2)句式升级 ④We often provide our children with toys，footballs or basketballs and think that all children like these things. →We often provide our children with toys，footballs or basketballs，　thinking_that_all_children_like_these_things　. (分词作状语) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$