U4.3 Learning About Language-【创新教程】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第一册五维课堂Word课时作业（人教版2019）

[基础测评] Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．Not too long ago, an i　ncident　 that happened to Walt Disney touched me greatly. 2．The damage that the big fire did to the building was a　ssessed　 at 4,000 dollars. 3．Although I can walk around, there is still a 　slight　 (轻微的) pain in my leg. 4．In a 　trial_　 (审判)，a judge must decide which witnesses to believe and which not to believe. 5．When finished, the hall will contain about 1,000 guests with a total 　internal　(内部的) area of about 500 square metres. Ⅱ.完成句子 1．The school 　calls_on_students_to_exercise　 at least for an hour every day. (call on) 学校要求学生们每天至少锻炼一个小时。 2．The lady always 　straightens_up_her_house　 and keeps everything tidy. (straighten up) 这位女士总是把她的房子收拾得整整齐齐，把一切都收拾得井井有条。 3．After the wedding ceremony, we all 　posed_for_a_photograph.　(pose) 婚礼仪式之后， 我们都摆好姿势照相。 4．He tried to avoid 　answering_my_questions　. 他试图对我的问题避而不答。 5．I meant 　to_go　， but my father didn't allow me to. 我想去，但是我父亲不肯让我去。 6．Don't forget 　to_tell　 him the good news. 不要忘记告诉他这个好消息。 7．I 　remember_returning_　 the book to the library last week. 我记得上星期把书还给了图书馆。 8．I would very much 　appreciate_receiving_　 a copy of the book. 如蒙赐赠该书，我不胜感激。 9．The man couldn't help 　laughing_out_loud/loudly　 when he saw their performance. 看到他们的表演，这名男子忍不住大声笑了出来。 10．He 　has_got_used_to_living_in_　 the countryside. 他已经习惯住在乡下了。 Ⅲ.语法填空 1．There is no need for you to go on a diet. You are only 　slightly　 (slight) overweight in relation to your height. 2．The old man 　bent　 (bend) over, picked up the plastic bag from the ground and then threw it into the dustbin. 3．Meaning is conveyed not only by words, but also by 　nonverbal　 (verbal) communication systems. 4．That program meant 　to_raise　 (raise) funds for the farmers in the west of China proves to be an effective approach to 　solving　 (solve) the problem of poverty. Ⅳ.语法训练 1．She imagined 　sitting　 (sit) in her favourite armchair back home. 2．He had to admit 　stealing/having_stolen　 (steal) the money. 3．I don't mind his 　coming　 (come) back late if he doesn't wake me up. 4．Don't risk 　travelling　 (travel) alone in the forest. 5．The 　amazed　 look on her face suggests that she knows nothing about the 　amazing　 thing. (amaze)． 6．We should think of a way to make him become 　interested　 (interest) in our plan. 7．The temple dating back to Ming Dynasty needs 　repairing/to_be_repaired　 (repair)． 8．I regret 　to_tell_　 (tell) you that you have been fired. 9．My job is 　putting　 (put) these parts together. 10．Our plan is 　to_finish　 (finish) the work in two weeks. [能力提升] Ⅰ.阅读理解 Can the way you stand or sit affect your success? This is often discussed in business－“the importance of body language”， noted the US news website Business Insider, “It actually has an impact on not just the way others look at us, but also how we actually perform.” That's perhaps why Harvard Business School professor Amy Cuddy shot to instant fame (一举成名) after giving a TED talk on the subject in 2012. According to The New York Times, Cuddy's speech is among the most viewed TED talks of all time. Cuddy and her team study body language, particularly what they call “high­power” and “lowpower” poses (姿态)．Their research showed that standing or sitting in a certain way, even for just two minutes, changes one's body chemistry and self­perception. “I wanted to equip people with tools that would help them feel stronger, less fearful, and better able to bring their full, spirited selves to stressful situations like speaking in class, ” Cuddy told CNN. “High­power” refers to the act of taking a posture of confidence, even when you don't feel very confident. Typical high­power poses are about opening up. You stretch (伸展) and expand your body to take up as much space as possible. For example, bosses are doing high­power poses when they lean (倚靠) back in their chairs, put their hands behind their heads, and kick their feet up onto their desks. Meanwhile, people take low ­power positions when they're feeling helpless or defeated. They close up, wrapping their arms around themselves and tucking their limbs in (缩起四肢)． “This isn't about what your body language is communicating to others，it's about what your body language is communicating to you.Your body language is changing your mind, which changes your behavior，which changes your outcomes, ”said Cuddy. The best­known high power pose is nicknamed the “Wonder Woman” pose. You just stand tall with your chest out and your hands on your hips (臀部). Why not give it a shot (尝试)，and see whether you feel more confident than before? [语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。主要讲述身体语言对个人事业成功的影响和展示个人自信的重要性。 1．According to the article, Professor Amy Cuddy wanted her study on body language to ________. A．help people to become more confident B．make people fitter and stronger C．teach people how to make a better speech D．help distinguish between people of different social classes 解析：A　[细节理解题。根据第五段中的“I wanted to equip people with tools that would help them feel stronger, less fearful, and better able to bring their full, spirited selves to stressful situations like speaking in class”可以得出答案。] 2．Which of the following is probably a high­power pose according to the article? A．Folding your arms. B．Looking down while in the presence of others. C．Sitting with your arm spread out around the chair next to you. D．Resting your chin on your hands as if wondering about something. 解析：C　[推理判断题。根据第六段“Typical high­power poses are about opening up. You stretch and expand your body to take up as much space as possible.”以及后面举的例子可知，high­power poses一般是那些往外伸展的动作，所以C项为正确答案。] 3．The main purpose of this article is to ________. A．explain what has made Amy Cuddy's TED talk so popular B．give practical tips on how to communicate with others C．help the reader to tell the difference between a high­power pose and a low­power one D．explain why Amy Cuddy considers body language important 解析：D　[主旨大意题。该文主要是解释Amy Cuddy 的关于身体语言重要性的研究。] Ⅱ.阅读填句 Many effects of a lack of sleep, such as being bad­tempered and not working at your best are well known. 　__1__　 Regular poor sleep puts you at risk of serious medical conditions, including obesity and heart disease, and it shortens your life expectancy. How much sleep do we need? 2__　 But some need more and some less. What matters is that you find out how much sleep you need and then try to achieve it. As a general rule, if you wake up tired and spend the day longing for a chance to have a nap, it's likely that you're not getting enough sleep. 3__　 An occasional night without sleep makes you feel tired and irritable(急躁易怒) the next day, but it won't harm your health. After several sleepless nights, the mental effects become more serious. Your brain will fog, making it difficult to concentrate and make decisions. 　__4__　 How to catch up on lost sleep? If you don't get enough sleep, there's only one way to compensate (补偿)－getting more sleep. 5__　If you've had months of limited sleep, you'll have built up a big sleep debt, so expect recovery to take several weeks. Starting on a weekend, try to add on an extra hour or two of sleep a night. The way to do this is to go to bed when you're tired and allow your body to wake you in the morning (no alarm clocks allowed). A. What happens if we don't sleep? B．Why is a good sleep vital for a long life? C．It won't happen with a single early night. D．If it continues, lack of sleep can affect your overall health. E．However, the cost of all those sleepless nights is more than those. F．It's now clear that a solid night's sleep is essential for a long and healthy life. G．Most of us need around 8 hours of good­quality sleep a night to function properly. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。介绍了睡眠不足的影响以及如何补充睡眠。 1．解析：E　[上面提到了睡眠不足的负面影响，如脾气不好和工作状态不好等，下文又说长期睡眠不足会引发肥胖和心脏病等健康问题，此处需要一个承上启下的过渡句，故E项(然而，那些不眠之夜的代价远不止这些)符合语境。] 2．解析：G　[根据本空后的“But some need more and some less.”可知，有的人需要多一些，有的人需要少一些，此处说的是睡眠时间问题，故G项(我们大多数人每晚需要大约8个小时的高质量睡眠才能正常工作)符合语境。] 3．解析：A　[本段分别介绍了偶尔性的睡眠不足和长期性的睡眠不足对健康的影响，故A项(如果我们不睡觉会发生什么？)符合语境。] 4．解析：D　[本空前讲述了经过几个不眠之夜，精神上的影响会更加严重，思维变得模糊，很难集中精力做决定，此处是说这种情况继续下去的后果，故D项(如果这种情况持续下去，睡眠不足会影响你的整体健康)符合语境。] 5．解析：C　[根据本空后的“If you've had months of limited sleep, you'll have built up a big sleep debt, so expect recovery to take several weeks.”可知，几个月的睡眠不足让你欠下了一大笔睡眠债，所以预计需要用几个星期的时间恢复，故C项(这不会在一夜之间发生)符合语境。] Ⅲ.完形填空 Human Civilization, Progress and Advancement How did some regions come to be wealthier and more powerful than others? Two historical events have shaped what is known as human civilization, and have 　__1__　 vast chasms in prosperity and power among human societies. The first major cleavage (分裂) among human societies was between hunter­gatherer communities and settled, agriculturally­based communities. The former had 　__2__　 few members in a single community, largely because of limited 　__3__　 nutrition. The settled societies, on the other hand, enjoyed much 　__4__　 populations. Raising livestock in large numbers and harvesting large amounts of plants enabled them to 　__5__　 vastly greater nourishment than the hunter­gatherers, and thus they become more 　__6__　. The appearance of agriculture also allowed many members of society to engage in activities 　__7__　 obtaining food. The development of social 　__8__　allowed the products of what we know as civilization to arise: new inventions, art, music, architecture, cities, philosophy, etc. All of these things are possible only if people can 　__9__　 their time to something other than obtaining food or physical security, which hunter­gatherer peoples must do more or less full­time, and 　__10__　peoples are able to separate classes and groups. The second major development to 　__11__　 certain human societies to advance beyond others was the rise of industry and manufacturing. The Industrial Revolution occurred thousands of years after the development of agriculture, beginning in the 18th century and becoming 　__12__　 in the 19th century. The Industrial Revolution was the single most important event in the modern era in allowing some societies to 　__13__　 in material wealth far beyond others. Whether this development is sustainable (持久的)　__14__　 to be seen. It is not clear whether a previously agricultural society can fully reap the benefits of high technology and information technology without first 　__15__　 the massive social, cultural and political adjustments precipitated(加速)by industrialization. [语篇解读]　两个历史事件塑造了所谓的人类文明，并在人类社会中造成了巨大的繁荣和权力鸿沟。文章详细说明了这两个历史事件对推动人类文明发展所起到的作用。 1．A.observed　　　　　 B．created C．praised D．adopted 解析：B　[observe 观察；create 创造；praise称赞；adopt采用。根据上文Two historical events have shaped 中的shape “塑造”可知这两个历史事件极其重要，创造了繁荣和力量的巨大鸿沟。故选B。] 2．A.symbolized B．signaled C．signed D．featured 解析：D　 [symbolize象征；signal发信号；sign署名；feature起重要作用，以……为主要组成。结合后文few members in a single community 可推知一个群落中由少部分成员组成，短语feature sb./ sth. “以某人/某物为主要组成”。故选D。] 3．A.available B．special C．ordinary D．strange 解析：A　[available可获得的；special 特别的；ordinary 普通的；strange奇怪的。结合上文few members 可知成员很少是因为可获得的营养有限。故选A。] 4．A.larger B．smaller C．wider D．longer 解析：A　[根据on the other hand 可知前后为对比关系，故选A。] 5．A.balance B．produce C．protest D．obtain 解析：D　[balance 平衡；produce 产生；protest 抗议；obtain获得。结合上文可知饲养大量的牲畜和收获大量的植物能够让定居社会中的人们获得更多的营养，故选D。] 6．A.populous B．incomplete C．inactive D．impossible 解析：A　[populous 人口众多的；incomplete 未完成的；inactive不活跃的；impossible不可能的。结合上下文可知定居社会的人们因为能获得比狩猎采集者更多的营养，因此拥有比狩猎采集社会更多的人口。故选A。] 7．A.less than B．rather than C．more than D．other than 解析：D　[农业的出现使社会成员能够进行除了获取粮食以外的其他活动。other than 除了……之外；more than 多于；rather than 而不是；less than 少于，不超过。故选D。] 8．A.prizes B．classes C．parties D．sides 解析：B　[结合下文peoples are able to separate classes and groups.可知定居社会中社会阶级的发展使其他文明得以产生。故选B。] 9．A.donate B．direct C．devote D．control 解析：C　[donate捐赠；direct 指导；devote致力于；control 控制。devote one's time to sth. 为固定搭配。故选C。] 10．A.unstable B．natural C．settled D．unsatisfied 解析：C　[unstable 不稳定的；natural 自然的；settled 定居的；unsatisfied 不满意的。结合下文peoples are able to separate classes and groups.可知指代的是能够区分阶级和群体的定居民族。故选C。] 11．A.allow B．punish C．manage D．plunge 解析：A　[allow 允许；punish惩罚；manage管理；plunge 投入。结合下文certain human societies to advance beyond others was the rise of industry and manufacturing 可知是工业和制造业的兴起允许某些人类社会得以超越了其他社会。故选A。] 12．A.consolidated B．outdated C．limited D．involved 解析：A　[consolidated巩固的；outdated过时的；limited 有限的；involved 有关的。结合上文可知工业革命从18世纪开始到19世纪得到巩固。故选A。] 13．A.disappear B．contribute C．conquer D．advance 解析：D　[disappear消失；contribute贡献；conquer 征服；advance前进。结合下文in material wealth far beyond others. 可知是指工业革命使一些社会的物质财富远远超过其他社会。故选D。] 14．A.delays B．remains C．leaves D．waits 解析：B　[delay 延迟；remain保持；leave 离开；wait 等待。结合下文It is not clear 可知这种发展是否可持续还有待观察。短语remain to be seen “有待观察”，故选B。] 15．A.opposing B．seeking C．undergoing D．promoting 解析：C　[oppose 反对；seek 寻找；undergo 经历；promote促进。结合下文列举的工业化带来的大规模社会、文化和政治调整可知，没有先经历这些工业化带来的改变，以前的农业社会是否能充分获得高技术和信息技术的好处尚不清楚。故选C。] 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$