U1.4 Reading for Writing-【创新教程】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第一册五维课堂同步Word教案（人教版2019）

Section Ⅳ　Reading for Writing, Assessing Your Progress&Video Time

 

THE MAN WHO CHANGED OUR

 UNDERSTANDING OF THE UNIVERSE

Albert  Einstein, who is perhaps the greatest scientist in modern physics, is often considered one of the smartest men who ever lived. He made numerous contributions to the world, the most wellknown being the general theory of relativity and the famous formula E＝mc2[1]．　Einstein was not only a genius；he was a courageous and kind figure loved by many people.

[1]画线部分为独立主格结构， being 的逻辑主语为the most wellknown (contributions)。

This gentle genius was born in Germany on 14 March 1879. When he was 16, he tried to enter university in Switzerland, but failed due to his low scores in the general part of the  entrance exam, despite obtaining exceptional scores in maths and physics. After studying for another year, he managed to pass the exam, entering university in 1896 and graduating in 1900　[2]．

[2]此处为现在分词短语作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。

After two years of looking for work as a teacher, Einstein took  a job as a clerk in the Swiss patent office. While working there　 [3], out of a strong passion  for knowledge, he continued to study, earning a doctorate in  physics in 1905. That same year, which was later recorded as a miracle year in science, he published four extraordinary physics papers. Following this, he gradually became famous throughout the world as the new Isaac Newton. After four years, he was able to quit his job at the patent office and  enter research fulltime at a university. In 1922, he was awarded the 1921 Nobel Prize for Physics for his explanation of the photoelectric effect.

[3]此处为“连词＋现在分词”构成的省略结构，将句子补全为While he was working there.

Circumstances changed in 1933, when Hitler came to power in Germany. Einstein, who was Jewish, found the doors of  academic  institutions closed to him　[4]. As a consequence, he had to flee Germany. After spending time in Europe, he finally took up a position as a researcher at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, USA. Following that, he continued to make great achievements in physics and mathematics.

[4]画线部分为“find＋宾语＋宾补”结构， closed to him 是过去分词短语作宾语补足语。

To the public, he was seen as a slightly oddlooking but kind and funny man. He had a thick moustache  and long white hair，which sometimes stood on end as though he had just received an

electric shock.　[5]. Although he was a genius, he sometimes forgot things, like his friends' birthdays. But despite his peculiarities, he was loved by his friends and neighbours. There is even a story about how he helped a little girl who knocked on his door and asked for help with her homework　[6]. In fact, Einstein often encountered people on the street who would stop him and ask him to help explain things. After many such occasions, he finally started saying，“Pardon me! Sorry! Always I am mistaken for Professor  Einstein！”

[5] 此处为which 引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰long white hair, which 在从句中作主语。 在该定语从句中，as though 引导的方式状语从句用了虚拟语气，谓语为had done (表示与过去事实相反的情况)。

[思考]　表达与现在事实相反的情况，谓语应该用什么形式？

[6]画线部分为how 引导的宾语从句，作介词about 的宾语。宾语从句中又包含一个who 引导的定语从句，修饰a little girl, who 在从句中作主语。

On 18 April 1955, it was reported that Einstein had passed away, and the whole world mourned the great loss of a brilliant scientist.

改变了我们对宇宙认知的人

阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦也许是现代物理学中最伟大的科学家， 他经常被认为是有史以来最聪明的人之一。他为世界做出的许多贡献，最为知名的是广义相对论和著名的E＝mc2 公式。爱因斯坦不仅是一位天才，也是一位勇敢善良的人物，受到许多人的喜爱。

这位温和的天才于1879年3月14日出生在德国。16岁时，他试图考入瑞士的大学，尽管在数学和物理上取得了优异的成绩，但由于其入学考试的综合部分分数很低而失败。他又学习了一年，设法通过了考试，1896年考入大学，1900年毕业。

在找了两年的教师工作后，爱因斯坦找了一份在瑞士专利局做文书的工作。在那里工作期间，出于对知识的热爱，他继续学习，于1905年获得物理学博士学位。同年，也就是后来被记录为科学奇迹的那一年，他发表了四篇卓越的物理学论文。此后，他逐渐成为举世闻名的新艾萨克·牛顿。四年后，他辞去了专利局的工作，在一所大学开始从事全职研究。1922年，他因解释光电效应被授予1921年诺贝尔物理学奖。

1933年希特勒在德国上台后，形势发生了变化。身为一个犹太人，爱因斯坦发现学术机构的大门对他紧闭。因此，他不得不逃离德国。在欧洲待了一段时间后，他最终在美国的普林斯顿高等研究所担任研究员。之后，他继续在物理和数学领域取得了巨大成就。

在公众看来，他是一个外表略显古怪但又和蔼可亲、风趣幽默的人。他胡须浓密，有时长长的白发挺立，就好像他刚遭了电击。他虽然是个天才，但有时会忘记一些事情，比如他朋友的生日。他尽管有怪异之处，但还是受到朋友和邻居们的喜爱。甚至有个故事，讲述了他如何帮助一个上门请求他做家庭作业的小女孩。事上，爱因斯坦经常在街上遇到一些人，他们会拦住他，让他们帮助解释一些事情。经过很多次这样的情况后，他终于开始说：“对

不起！ 对不起！ 我总是被误认为爱因斯坦教授！”

据报道，1955年4月18日爱因斯坦去世，全世界都为一位杰出科学家离世所带来的巨大损失而哀悼。

[重点单词]

1．　found_　 vt. 创建；建立；把……建立在

2．　infer_　vt.推断；推定

3．　genius_　n．天才；天资；天赋

4．　patent_　n．专利；专利证书

adj.有专利的；受专利保护的

5．　passion　 n．激情；热情

6．　doctorate　 n. 博士学位

7．　extraordinary　 adj.不一般的；非凡的

8．　encounter_　 vt. 偶然；偶遇 n．邂逅；遭遇

9．　professor_　 n.  教授

10．　device　  n．方法；技巧；装置；仪器

11．　theory　 n. 理论；学说→　theoretical_　 adj.理论的，理论上的→　theoretically　 adv.在理论上， 按理说，从理论上说

12．　relativity　 n. 相对论；相对性→　relative　 adj.相对的，比较的n.亲戚，亲属；家人→　relatively　 adv.相对地，比较而言

13．　gentle_　 adj.温柔；文静的→　gently　 adv.温柔地；温和地

14．　gradually　 adv. 逐渐地；逐步地→　gradual　 adj.逐渐的；逐步的

15．　institution　 n. 社会公共机构；制度；习俗→　institutional　 adj.社会公共机构的；机构的；已形成制度的→　institutions　 n．(教育、专业等)机构；机构建筑

16．　consequence　 n．结果；后果→　consequent　 adj.作为结果的；随之发生的→　consequently　 adv. 因而，所以

17．　remarkable　 adj. 非凡的；显著的→　remark　 n．谈论；言论；评述vt.& vi.谈论；评论；说起→　remarkably　 adv.不寻常地，惊人地

18．　sum　 vi. 总结；概括n. 金额；款项；总数；总和→　summary　 n．总结，摘要，概要

[重点短语]

1．make contributions to 对……做出贡献