必修 第三册（教师用书）-【新高考方案】2026年高考英语一轮总复习（人教版）

|背|单|词| 一、阅读单词(明其义) 1．lantern n．　　　　　 灯笼；提灯 2．costume n． (某地或某历史时期的)服装；戏装 3．riddle n． 谜语；神秘事件 4．make-up n． 化妆品；性格；构成方式 5．crop n． 庄稼；作物；一季的收成 6．firecracker n． 鞭炮；爆竹 7．evil adj. 邪恶的；有害的；罪恶的 n． 邪恶；罪恶；恶行 8．medium n． 媒介；手段；方法 adj. 中等的；中号的 9．lunar adj. 阴历的；月球的；月亮的 10．eve n． 前夕；前一天 11．envelope n． 信封；塑料封套 12．roast adj. 烤的；焙的 vi.& vt. 烘烤；焙 13．firework n． 烟火；烟花；[pl.] 烟花表演 14．eagle n． 雕 15．tent n． 帐篷 16．pot n． 罐；壶；锅 17．wedding n． 婚礼；结婚庆典 二、核心单词(书写准) 1．march vi.& n．　　　 行进；前进；示威游行 2．ceremony n． 典礼；仪式 3．range n． 一系列；范围、界限 vi. 包括；(在一定范围内)变化 4．figure n． 人物；数字；身材 vt. 认为；认定 5．harvest n． 收获季节；收获；收成 vi.& vt. 收割(庄稼)；捕猎(动物、鱼) 6．gather vi. 聚集；集合 vt. 聚集；搜集；收割 7．feature vt. 以……为特色 n． 特色；特征；特点 8．fade vi.& vt. 逐渐消失；(使)褪色；(身体)变得虚弱 9．atmosphere n． 气氛；氛围；(地球的)大气(层) 10．merry adj. 愉快的；高兴的 11．inner adj. 内部的；里面的；内心的 12．fancy adj. 花哨的；精致的；昂贵的 vt. 想要；倾慕；自认为是 13．absolutely adv. 绝对地；完全地 14．moment n． 片刻；瞬间 15．brief adj. 简洁的；简单的；短暂的 16．branch n． 树枝；分支；支流 17．clap vt. 鼓掌；拍手；击掌 n． 鼓掌；拍手；掌声 三、变形单词(晓其变) 1．congratulate　 vt. 向(某人)道贺；(因某事)为自己感到自豪 congratulation　n．　　 祝贺；恭喜 2．origin n． 起源；起因；出身 originaladj. 最初的；原先的 originatev. 起源 3．religionn. 宗教；宗教信仰 religiousadj. 宗教的；笃信宗教的 4．charmn. 魅力；迷人的特征；咒语 charmingadj. 迷人的 5．joyn. 高兴；喜悦 joyfuladj. 高兴的；快乐的 6．gratituden. 感激之情；感谢 gratefuladj. 感激的；表示感谢的 7．agriculturen. 农业；农艺 agriculturaladj. 农业(劳动/生产) 8．decoratevt. 装饰；装潢 decorationn. 装饰；装饰品 9．significantadj. 有重大意义的；显著的 significancen. 重要性；意义 insignificantadj. 微不足道的 10．typicaladj. 典型的；有代表性的；平常的 typicalityn. 典型性；典型 11．commercialadj. 商业(化)的；以获利为目的的 commercialisevt. 使商业化；利用……牟利 commercialisation n. 商业化 12．reflectvt. 显示；反映；反射vi.& vt.思考 reflectionn. 反映；反射；表达 13．believev. 相信；信任 beliefn. 信仰；信心；信任 14．faithn. 宗教信仰；信任；相信 faithfuladj. 忠实的；忠诚的 15．occasion n． 特别的事情(或仪式、庆典)；(适当的)机会 occasionaladj. 偶然的；偶尔的 16．pleasevt. 使满意；使愉快 pleasedadj. 高兴的；满意的 pleasantadj. 令人愉快的 pleasuren. 愉快；令人高兴的事 17．frankadj. 坦率的；直率的 franklyadv. 坦率地；直率地 18．regionn. 地区；区域；地带 regionaladj. 地区的 19．representvt. 象征；代表；相当于 representativen. 代表；代理人 20．wrestle vi.& vt. 摔跤；奋力对付 wrestlern. 摔跤运动员 wrestlingn. 摔跤运动 21．gracen. 优美；优雅；高雅 gracefuladj. 优雅的；优美的 22．respect n．& vt. 尊敬；尊重 respectfuladj. 尊敬的 respectedadj. 受人尊敬的 respectiveadj. 各自的 23．horrorn. 震惊；恐惧；恐怖 horribleadj. 令人震惊的；恐怖的；极坏的 四、同“族”词汇(巧积累) 1．“n.＋n.”合“二”为“一”　 ①firework n．　烟火；烟花　 ②newspaper n．报纸 ③watermelon n．西瓜 ④keyboard n．键盘 ⑤strawberry n．草莓 2．“感激”不尽　 ①grateful adj.　 ②gratitude n．　③appreciate v. ④appreciation n． ⑤thankful adj. ⑥thankfulness n. 3．后缀-ure名词勤积累　 ①agriculture　农业　　 ②adventure　冒险 ③pressure压力 ④furniture家具 ⑤procedure程序 ⑥exposure暴露 4．后缀-th名词全扫描　 ①faith　　信任；相信　 ②truth　　真相；真理 ③strength力量；力气 ④wealth财富 ⑤growth成长 ⑥warmth温暖 ⑦length长度 ⑧depth深度 |背|短|语| 1．after all　　　　　 　 毕竟；别忘了 2．take place 发生 3．get together 聚集 4．go off 爆炸；走火；离开 5．set off 出发；动身；启程 6．to be frank 坦白说；坦率地说 7．except for 除……之外 8．fade away 逐渐消失；(身体)变得虚弱 9．dress (sb.) up 穿上盛装；装扮 10．range from ...to ... 包括从……到……之间 11．be grateful for 对……感激 12．take advantage of 利用；欺骗；占……的便宜 13．play a significant role in 在……中起重要作用 14．have sth. in common (兴趣、想法等方面)相同；有相同的特征 15．in spite of 不管；尽管 |背|佳|句| 一、背教材原句，学高级句式 1．Festivals are becoming more and more commercial, with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations.(with复合结构) 节日正变得越来越商业化，商家会利用这些庆祝活动(进行促销)。 2．Online shopping websites and social media apps have made it much easier for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones. [make＋it＋宾语补足语＋(for sb.)to do] 购物网站和社交媒体应用程序极大地方便了人们为至亲至爱花更多钱购买礼物。 3．Burin told me that Mongolians travel every year from near and far to attend the festival, just as their ancestors had done for centuries. (as引导的方式状语从句) 布林告诉我说，与他们数百年前的祖先一样，蒙古人每年都会从四面八方赶来参加这一节日。 二、背主题佳句，学出彩表达 单元主题：节日与庆祝 1．Knowing you're keen on traditional Chinese culture, I'd like to introduce a traditional Chinese festival to you. 知道你们对中国传统文化很感兴趣，我想向你们介绍一个中国传统节日。 2．The Spring Festival, which is also called Chinese New Year, is my favorite Chinese festival. 春节，也叫中国新年，是我最喜欢的中国节日。 3．During the festival, you can experience traditional Chinese culture first hand, such as learning to make paper-cuts, tasting Chinese dumplings and so on. 在节日期间，你可以亲身体验中国传统文化，比如学习制作剪纸、品尝中国饺子等。 |背|语|段| 以读促写：形体描写之“腰” With the wind roaring angrily and the raincoat dancing, I felt warm and secure inside. Mom bent forward and pedaled with all her strength, her waist twitching with tension. I started to feel guilty of my coldness, tears welling up in my eyes. Quietly, I slipped my hands around Mom's waist and gently pressed my face against her back. In the crying wind and pouring rain, I found myself hugging my mother, tighter than ever. 风声怒吼，雨衣飘飞，但我心里热乎乎的，踏实安稳。妈妈弯着身子，用尽全身力气骑行，她的腰因用力而扭动。我开始为自己的冷漠而愧疚，眼泪夺眶而出。我悄悄地用手搂着妈妈的腰，轻轻地把脸贴在妈妈的后背上。风咆哮，雨滂沱，我不自觉地抱住妈妈，越抱越紧。 高分悟道 本段中使用了“bent forward, her waist twitching with tension, around Mom's waist”等词块描述了作者的母亲载着作者在风雨中奋力骑车的画面，表现了作者的母亲不畏困难的伟大母爱。 高分有招 常见的与“腰”相关的高分词块有： bend one's back　　　弯腰 stretch one's back伸懒腰 one's arms encircle/put one's arms around one's waist 双臂搂着腰 一、默写核心单词 1．march over to me　　　　　 向我走来 2．the award ceremony 颁奖典礼 3．beyond our range 超出了我们的范围 4．a famous figure 一位著名的人物 5．celebrate the harvest 庆祝丰收 6．gather information 收集信息 7．the most striking feature 最显著的特点 8．fade into total silence 消失在一片寂静中 9．create a harmonious atmosphere 营造一种和睦的氛围 10．let out a merry cry 发出欢快的叫声 11．feel his inner struggle 感到他内心的挣扎 12．the fancy cane 精致的手杖 13．absolutely shocked 完全震惊的 14．wait a moment 稍等 15．a brief introduction 简短介绍 16．on the branch 在树枝上 17．clap their hands 拍他们的手 二、默写变形单词 (依据语境提示在横线上写出单词的正确形式) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 三、默写重点短语 1．after_all　 　　　　　 毕竟；别忘了 2．take_place 发生 3．get_together 聚集 4．go_off 爆炸；走火；离开 5．set_off 出发；动身；启程 6．to_be_frank 坦白说；坦率地说 7．except_for 除……之外 8．fade_away 逐渐消失；(身体)变得虚弱 9．dress_(sb.)_up 穿上盛装；装扮 10．range_from_..._to_... 包括从……到……之间 11．be_grateful_for 对……感激 12．take_advantage_of 利用；欺骗；占……的便宜 13．play_a_significant_role_in　 在……中起重要作用 14．have_sth._in_common (兴趣、想法等方面)相同；有相同的特征 四、默写经典句式(完成句子) 1．Festivals are becoming more and more commercial, with_businesses_taking_advantage_of_the_celebrations. 节日正变得越来越商业化，商家会利用这些庆祝活动(进行促销)。 2．Online shopping websites and social media apps have made_it_much_easier_for_the_public_to_spend more on gifts for their loved ones. 购物网站和社交媒体应用程序极大地方便了人们为至亲至爱花更多钱购买礼物。 3．Burin told me that Mongolians travel every year from near and far to attend the festival, just as_their_ancestors_had_done_for_centuries. 布林告诉我说，与他们数百年前的祖先一样，蒙古人每年都会从四面八方赶来参加这一节日。 登录一帆云教育 课前爬黑板 检测单元语言点的掌握程度 一、变形词汇——练清易错微点　 1．His charming (charm) personality lies in a simple fact that he never hesitates to help others. 2．He spent five years in Paris, with occasional (occasion) visits to Italy. 3．Regional (region) economic development and public investment are closely linked. 4．The horrible (horror) scene made my blood run cold and struck fear into my heart. 5．How pleased (please) and proud Mother would be when they brought her breakfast in bed! 6．Orange trees are more than decoration (decorate); they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth. 7．The scientist thinks his invention is of great significance (significant), because it is important to cure the patients of deadly diseases. 8．She was rewarded for her several years' faithful (faith) service with the company. 9．I hold the firm belief (believe) that only when everybody makes an effort can our society be warmer and more harmonious. 10．His previous album is a reflection (reflect) on his love for classical music and his satisfaction with his life. 易错微点 1．charming是形容词，意思是“令人着迷的；迷人的；吸引人的”。可用作定语，修饰名词，如charming smile迷人的微笑。也可用作表语，如He is charming.他很有魅力。在续写写作中经常用到。 2．pleased意为“满意的(常用来修饰人)”；pleasing意为“令人满意的(常用来修饰事物)”。做题时要注意区分两者的不同用法。 3．belief是名词，其基本含义包括“信任；信心；信仰”等。 hold the firm belief that ...意为“坚信……”，其中that引导同位语从句，解释belief的具体内容。 二、重点词汇——练后拓展归纳　 1．congratulation n．祝贺；恭喜 ①Congratulations (congratulate) on winning the gold medal in table tennis mixed doubles at the Paris Olympics. ②Many people congratulated the scientist on having made so many great achievements. ③(祝贺信)首先，我对你在英语演讲比赛中的成功向你表示衷心的祝贺。(一句多译) →Firstly, I_express/send/offer_my_sincere_congratulations_to_you_on_your_success in the English speech contest.(congratulation) →Firstly, I_sincerely_congratulate_you_on_your_success in the English speech contest.(congratulate) (1)congratulations to sb.on sth.　　　　　　 祝贺某人某事 express/send/offer congratulations to sb.on sth. 因某事向某人致以祝贺 (2)congratulate vt. 向(某人)道贺；(因某事)为自己感到自豪 congratulate sb.on (doing) sth. 就(做)某事向某人祝贺 2．range n．一系列；范围、界限vi.包括；(在一定范围内)变化 ①When driving on highways, the driver must control his or her speed within/in the range of the speed limit. ②Prices of these toys range from D|S7 to D|S10, which is quite affordable for average families.So they are very popular with children in this neighborhood. ③(话题写作之体育活动)With the stadium set up, a_wide_range_of sports events are able to be held, which_range_from/ranging_from_ping-pong，football_to_running_competitions. 随着这个体育场的落成，各种体育赛事得以举行，包括从乒乓球、足球到赛跑等。 (1)a wide range of　 一系列…… within/in the range of 在……范围内 beyond one's range 某人能力达不到的 out of range 在射程外；在范围外 (2)range from ...to ... ＝range between ...and ... 包括从……到……之间； 在……到……之间变动 3．significant adj.有重大意义的；显著的；重要的 ①Sometime in the early 1960s, a significant (significance) thing happened in the country. ②In my view, practising handwriting is of great significance (significant) to the students' growth. ③(2024·北京高考写作)First, talk about China's economic growth and technological progress, which are_of_great_significance in the past few decades. 首先，谈谈中国的经济增长和技术进步，这在过去几十年中是非常重要的。 (1)be significant to 对……来说很重要 (2)significance n． 重要性；重要意义 be of great significance 非常重要的；有重大意义的 attach significance to ... 重视……；认为……重要 4．reflect vt.显示；反映；反射；思考；映出(影像) vi.思考 ①She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection (reflect) of herself, everything in good taste and in perfect order. ②(句型转换)There are several reasons accounting for the phenomenon which is reflected in the picture. →There are several reasons accounting for the phenomenon reflected_in_the_picture.(分词短语作定语) ③(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)大卫低着头，静静地坐在地上，思索着我刚才对他说的话。(一句多译) →David lowered his head, sat on the ground quietly and reflected_on_what_I_said_to_him just now. →David lowered his head and sat on the ground quietly, reflecting_on_what_I_said_to_him just now.(现在分词短语作状语), (1)reflect ...in ...　 在……中映出……的影像 reflect on/upon sth. 思考某事 be reflected in 倒映在；反映在 (2)reflection n． 反映；反射；影像；沉思 be lost in reflection 陷入沉思中 on/upon reflection 经过考虑后(改变看法) 5．respect n．& vt.尊敬；尊重n.方面；敬意；问候 ①Do_give_my_respects_to_your_parents when you return to your hometown. 当你回到家乡时，请一定代我问候你的父母。 ②That was the sort of job that made you appreciate the dollars you earned on your own and have/show_respect_for_the_laboring_people. 这种工作能让你珍惜自己赚来的钱，并尊重劳动人民。 ③(人物介绍)In_every_respect_of_our_life,_there are always respectable_people.With_respect_to/In_respect_of_the_person I respect most, I have to mention my maths teacher. 在我们生活的方方面面，总有值得尊敬的人。关于我最尊敬的人，我不得不提到我的数学老师。 (1)respect sb. for sth. 因为某事而尊敬某人 (2)show/have respect for 对……表示尊重 give one's respects to sb. 向某人问候 in every respect 在各个方面 in many respects 在许多方面 in respect of＝with respect to 至于；关于 (3)respectable adj. 值得尊敬的 三、重点短语——练后查找疏漏　 1．after all毕竟；别忘了 　(用all的相关短语填空) ①He is hardworking, cheerful, and above_all honest. ②I was very upset to find out that he didn't like my gift at_all. ③Don't believe the advertisement. After_all,_it is you who pay for whatever you are given. ④How many students are there in your school in_all？ in all　　　　　　 总共；共计 (not) at all 一点也(不)；完全(不) above all 最重要的是；尤其是 first of all 首先；第一 all in all 总的说来；总之 2.set off出发；动身；启程；引起；点燃 　(用set的相关短语填空) ①The sun was already up when they set_off/out. ②I sincerely hope you can set_aside some time for the art feast. ③On arriving at the farm, we set_about picking apples joyfully. ④Finally, after a long walk, we reached the campsite and set_up the camp as the sun was setting. set aside　　　　 留出；把……放置一旁；不理会；取消 set down 放下；记下；让……下车 set up 创建；建立；准备；安装 set about doing sth. 着手做某事 set out (to do sth.) 出发；着手做某事 四、一词多义——语境中辨词义(对应右栏词义填代码)　 1.①David's small figure seemed tall and impressive in my eyes.__C__ ②I saw a tall figure approaching in the darkness.__D__ ③The wall is covered with figures of birds, flowers and lanterns.__E__ ④I am figuring my expenses so that I can know where my money has gone.__F__ ⑤I figure that it is wise of him to get rid of the bad habit.__G__ ⑥Confucius is one of the most influential figures in Chinese history.__A__ ⑦Please add up all the figures, and you will get the total.__B__ 1.figure A．n.人物 B．n.数字 C．n.身材 D．n.人影 E．n.图案 F．vt.计算 G．vi.认为 2.①The royal family members are always good copy for a magazine feature.__B__ ②It is a great film and it features a Spanish actor who is going to be a world star within a year.__D__ ③Their 3D faces are modeled on actual human features.__A__ ④The large siheyuan of these high-ranking officials and wealthy businessmen often featured beautifully carved and painted roof beams.___C__ 2.feature A．n.特征；特点 B．n.特写；专题节目 C．v.以……为特色/特点 D．v.由……主演 登录一帆云教育 随堂语篇综合训练 　 (说明：文中加黑词汇为本单元主题词汇) (2025·武汉模拟)The old Chinese saying “as happy as spending the New Year” might be outdated now in the busy modern world.The Spring Festival is regarded as the most important festival for Chinese people and an occasion for all family members to get together, like Christmas in the West.But many traditional customs accompanying the Spring Festival, however, have weakened in practice. Setting off fireworks was once the most typical custom of the Spring Festival.People thought the sputtering (爆裂) sound could help drive away evil spirits.However, the activity has been completely or partially forbidden in big cities for years as the government has taken security, noise and pollution factors into consideration. “In recent years, some cities have begun to allow people to light fireworks during limited hours at the Spring Festival, surrendering to (屈从于) public demand.Respecting folk traditions is a gesture of respect toward public opinions，” said Zhou Xing, a folklore researcher. “As people gain more income and it becomes easier to buy daily goods, the New Year holiday is just like any other.After long workdays, many people use the New Year holiday to take a rest, rather than visiting friends and neighbors.The process of making and enjoying the family dinner on Spring Festival Eve is the most important thing.However, many families would like to eat out to save time and energy，” said Li Shunzhi, a resident of Harbin, Heilongjiang. “I enjoy the holidays very much in the countryside.My family has been preparing for the Spring Festival more than two weeks before the holiday, cleaning the house, buying holiday goods and decorating the house with paper-cuttings.On New Year's Eve, the whole family stays up to see the New Year in, and in the days to follow, a series of activities such as lion dancing, dragon lantern dancing, lantern festivals and temple fairs will be held.Without the ancient traditions, the holiday is nothing to us，” said Zhang Hui, from Hebei. [精题评价] [价值导向]　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国春节的一些传统习俗在逐渐消失的现象以及人们对此现象的不同观点。文章旨在引导学生关注传统文化在现代社会中的传承与变迁，引领学生对不同生活方式和价值观的理解与尊重。 1．Which of the following is NOT true according to the text? A．Setting off fireworks has been forbidden in some big cities for years. B．Nowadays, people can light fireworks in some cities at the Spring Festival. C．People believe that the sound of fireworks can drive away evil spirits. D．In the past, setting off fireworks couldn't be seen almost anywhere. 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句“Setting off fireworks was once the most typical custom of the Spring Festival.”可知，过去放鞭炮是过春节最典型的传统习俗，应该到处可见。 2．What Li Shunzhi said implies ________. A．what people do during the festival now is different from the past B．people would like to have the family dinner on Spring Festival Eve C．people prefer to visit friends and neighbors rather than take a rest D．the New Year holiday is just like any other day 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第四段的整体内容可知，哈尔滨的一位居民所说的这段话是在感慨今昔过年的差异。 3．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．Zhang Hui often spends two weeks preparing for the Spring Festival. B．Zhang Hui is used to spending the Spring Festival with his family. C．Zhang Hui always takes part in a series of activities after the Spring Festival. D．Zhang Hui lives in the urban area. 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据最后一段的“My family has been preparing for ...”和“On New Year's Eve, the whole family stays up to see ...”以及本段的整体内容可推知，张惠习惯和家人一起过春节。 4．What does the whole text show? A．The Spring Festival is as lively as before. B．The Spring Festival is outdated now. C．The Spring Festival is losing its qualities. D．The Spring Festival in China is more important than Christmas in the West. 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第一段的最后一句“But many traditional customs accompanying the Spring Festival, however, have weakened in practice.”并结合全文的整体内容可推知，本文主要讲述了中国春节的一些传统习俗在逐渐消失这一现象。 [语篇精读] 一、理文脉，把握文章大意 本文是一篇说明文，采用了“一般—特殊”型的语篇模式。 二、拓词汇，厚积语基语料 1．因境辨义(写出下列黑体词在文中的词性及含义) ①(合成词) The old Chinese saying “as happy as spending the New Year” might be outdated now in the busy modern world.adj.过时的；陈旧的 ②(一词多义)But many traditional customs accompanying the Spring Festival, however, have weakened in practice.vt.伴随 ③(熟词生义)“Respecting folk traditions is a gesture of respect toward public opinions，” said Zhou Xing, a folklore researcher.n.表示 2．词块积累(写出下列词块在文中的汉语意思) ①get together　　　　　　　　 聚在一起 ②in practice 在实践中 ③drive away 驱走 ④stay up 熬夜 ⑤in the days to follow 在接下来的日子里 三、析难句，破解阅读障碍 1．However, the activity has been completely or partially forbidden in big cities for years as the government has taken security, noise and pollution factors into consideration. 抓标志：从属连词as 判类型：主句＋原因状语从句 试翻译：然而，由于政府考虑到安全、噪音和污染因素，大城市多年来一直完全或部分禁止这种活动。 2．On New Year's Eve, the whole family stays up to see the New Year in, and in the days to follow, a series of activities such as lion dancing, dragon lantern dancing, lantern festivals and temple fairs will be held. 抓标志：并列连词第一个and 判类型：简单句＋并列连词＋简单句 试翻译：除夕，全家人守岁迎接新年，在随后的几天里，将举行舞狮、龙灯舞、灯节和庙会等一系列活动。 登录一帆云教育 名师析题 发掘精题背后的“故事” 由教材典句，学高级表达　 as引导的状语从句 |解|读|规|则| (1)as引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候；随着”； (2)as引导原因状语从句，意为“因为；既然”，表示十分明显的原因，语气较弱； (3)as引导方式状语从句，意为“按照”； (4)as引导比较状语从句，常用于as/so ... as或not as/so ... as中； (5)as引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然；尽管”，从句用倒装语序，即“名词/形容词/副词/分词/动词＋as＋主语＋系动词/助动词”结构。倒装语序中，如果表语是可数名词单数，提至句首时，前面不加冠词。例如：Child as he is, he knows a lot. |习|练|规|则|　(变换句式) ①With the approach of the examination, it is unavoidable to get anxious. →As_the_examination_approaches,_it is unavoidable to get anxious. (as引导的状语从句) ②Although we were frightened, we still made up our mind to search for Harry. →Frightened_as_we_were,_we still made up our mind to search for Harry.(用倒装句升级) |应|用|写|美| ③(话题写作之体育运动)随着时间的推移，体育在现代生活中变得越来越重要。 As_time_goes_by,_sports have become more and more important in modern life. ④(感悟句)尽管我们又累又渴，但是我们从这次五千米越野赛跑中受益匪浅。 Exhausted_and_thirsty_as_we_were,_we benefited a lot from the five-kilometer cross-country running race. ⑤(话题写作之动物保护)这个活动体现了野生动物保护的重要性，所以我想按照世界野生生物基金会(WWF)建议的那样提供帮助。 The activity shows the importance of wildlife protection, so I'd like to help as_the_WWF_suggests. 建构语义场，丰富语料库　 子语境(一)　节日庆祝的习俗与活动 1．fall on/between ...and ... 在……几号/……和……之间 2．according to the Chinese lunar calendar 　　　　　　　　　　　 根据中国阴历 3．be celebrated on 在……(几号)被庆祝 4．dress up 穿上盛装 5．light lanterns 点灯笼 6．eat tasty dumplings 吃美味的饺子 7．set off firecrackers 放鞭炮 8．frighten away the evil spirits 赶走邪灵 9．get together with families 和家人团聚 10．watch the traditional performances 观看传统演出 11．In the evening families go out together to enjoy the full moon, appreciate colorful lanterns and also solve lantern riddles. 晚上，全家人会一同外出赏月，欣赏缤纷多彩的灯笼，还一起猜灯谜。 12．With Mother's Day approaching, the twins planned to cook a big breakfast for their mother. 随着母亲节的临近，这对双胞胎打算为母亲做一顿丰盛的早餐。 13．Wang Hua, our monitor, presented Ms Li with the prepared flowers while some girls sang songs for her. 我们的班长王华给李老师献上了准备好的花，同时一些女生为李老师唱歌。 子语境(二)　节日庆祝的目的与意义 1．be grateful for　　　　　　 对……感激 2．a wide range of origins 各种起源 3．enjoy each other's company 享受彼此的陪伴 4．play a significant role in 在……中起重要作用 5．honor the great poet Qu Yuan 纪念伟大诗人屈原 6．Traditionally, it was a chance to give thanks for a good harvest. 传统上，这是一个感谢丰收的机会。 7．The Mid-Autumn Festival is to celebrate the harvest and to enjoy the beautiful full moon. 中秋节是为了庆祝丰收和欣赏美丽的满月。 8. In addition, not only should we spend some time with our family during festivals, but it is these festivals that remind us to have more time with our family. 另外，在节日期间，我们不仅应当花些时间和家人在一起，而且这些节日也提醒我们平时要多陪伴家人。 9．With the celebrations of these festivals, younger generations learn to honour fine Chinese values. 在这些节日的庆祝活动中，年轻一代学会了尊重中国优秀的价值观。 10．Finally, traditional festivals are a source of national pride and help shape our national identity. 最后，传统节日是民族自豪感的源泉，有助于塑造我们的民族身份。 登录一帆云教育 师生共育主题词汇树、共绘“词云图” 主题微写作，勤练笔不辍　 (一)应用单元所学补全语段(黑体字为单元词汇的复现) The festival atmosphere was joyful and respectful, ①featuring colorful costumes and a range of decorations (以五颜六色的服装和一系列装饰为特色). People gathered, ②dressed up (穿上盛装) in traditional clothes ranging from ancient robes to modern-day ethnic wear. ③After_all (毕竟), the occasion was ④of great significance(很重要), representing happiness and health. Fireworks lit up the sky, a fitting ending to the day's celebrations. ⑤People's gratitude and typical festive moments (人们的感激之情和典型的节日时刻) were captured in every smile and hug. ⑥In spite of (尽管) the passing years, the festival's essence remained unchanged. (二)主题语段的细节描写训练 1．庆祝母亲节 The twins carried the breakfast upstairs and woke their mother up.①They_hugged_their_mother_tightly (他们紧紧地拥抱着妈妈) and yelled, “Happy Mother's Day, dear Mummy！” The mother hugged the twins. ②Her_eyes_widened_at_the_sight_of_the_breakfast (一看到早餐就睁大了眼睛). She shook Father who was pretending to snore. ③He_acted_astonished_when_he_saw_the_breakfast (他看到早餐时表现得很惊讶). Mother bit into a sandwich and said ④it_was_the_best_one_she_had_ever_tasted (这是她吃过的最好吃的三明治). Jeff immediately wanted to have a bite，too. Jenna caught her father's eye and they winked at each other secretly. 2．春节习俗 The Chinese Spring Festival ①falls_on_January_1st_of_the_lunar_calendar (在农历第一个月的第一天)．All the members of the family ②gather_to_enjoy_a_reunion_dinner (聚在一起吃团圆饭) on the eve of the Spring Festival. ③It's_also_a_good_opportunity_to_have_the_whole_family_gather_together (这也是一个让全家人聚在一起的好机会). All family members sit around the table, ④tasting_delicious_dumplings (品尝美味的饺子), watching TV shows and ⑤chatting_happily (开心地聊天)． 课时作业(一)　 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Student Film Festival The Student Film Festival celebrates learning across the curriculum through the exciting and dynamic medium of short film. Through film, students can tell stories, investigate ideas, document learning in any area of study and express the complexity of their thinking through a range of genres and technical approaches. With the creative use of digital media, students can integrate their personal perspectives to explore the diverse and challenging issues of our time. It's open to all students, regardless of school. We are accepting submissions in the following categories： ·Cartoon (up to 30 mins) ·Documentary (纪录片) (up to 60 mins) ·Music Video (under 10 mins) ·Science Fiction Short (up to 25 mins) ·Situation Comedy (under 10 mins) ·Web Series (up to three episodes, no more than 30 mins each) So far, more than 20 entries have been selected across all categories. We will gradually announce the chosen entries for each category, giving you a chance to watch all the films online and vote for your favourites. Winners in all categories will be announced on Wednesday, 27 December. Over the years, our film festivals have attracted thousands of filmmakers from around the world. Each festival features live screenings in our own school theater. Our 80-seat theater is outfitted with a 4K projector and seven speakers throughout the venue, delivering high quality in a first-class screening environment. Filmmakers whose works are accepted into our festival will receive free passes to the school theater, invitations to film masterclasses, and are considered for awards. 语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。 文章介绍了学生电影节的有关信息。 1．Which of the following can be a suitable submission to the festival? A．A 20-minute recording of a short play. B．A two-hour film recording your daily routine. C．A five-minute fun video about students' dormitory life. D．A 22-minute educational video explaining popular science. 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据文中“accepting submissions in the following categories”下面提交的作品类别中的“Situation Comedy (under 10 mins)”可知，C项“一个五分钟的关于学生宿舍生活的趣味视频”与“Situation Comedy”(情景喜剧)相吻合。 2．What can filmmakers do if their works are accepted? A．Receive a film award. B．Watch films for free in the school theater. C．Interview film masters. D．Deliver a speech in the venue. 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Filmmakers whose works are accepted into our festival ... and are considered for awards.”可知，作品入选电影节的电影制作人将获得学校剧院的免费入场券，电影大师班的邀请，并有机会获奖。 3．What is the text? A．A schedule for the film selecting process. B．An invitation to a filmmakers' celebration. C．An announcement of a film festival's awards. D．An advertisement for an upcoming festival. 解析：选D　推理判断题。纵观全文可知，本文主要介绍了学生电影节的相关信息，涉及它的目的、参赛须知等。由此可推知，本文是一个即将到来的节日的广告。 B (2025·包头模拟)With the holidays approaching, I sit down at my kitchen table to begin addressing holiday greeting cards. In front of me are neatly organized piles: red and green cards with shining trees, white envelopes, various colored pens and books of postage stamps. Everything is in place to begin when I'm interrupted by a judgemental “What is that？” from my youngest daughter, Charlotte. Her eyes have just landed on my rather time-worn address book. My address book is close to 40 years old. Its faded cover was once quite lovely, but now it is crisscrossed with tape (缠满了胶带) , and an elastic band (橡皮筋) just about keeps the bits and pieces of paper together, which are trying their best to escape confinement (束缚)． “You still use that old thing. You know there are apps for that？” Charlotte continues. Written on these pages are the names of people who were once important in my life. They include the names of old friends and contacts for employers and past neighbors. There are people that I came across for a short while and then never saw again, such as a guy who was cycling across Canada to raise funds for cancer research. And, of course, there are lots and lots of family contacts. When I flip through the pages, I wonder what has become of many of the people — I refuse to scratch out any names (even if they have died) . All of these people were once important in my life, but many of them have been lost to time. My internal musings finish, and I return to the present and respond to my daughter, “Yeah, darling, I know. Why don't you show me an app to improve this mess sometime？” “All right, Mom. Maybe next week.” Just as I thought, she's already moved on. It's a good thing I have my contacts down on paper. And no matter what, I will always treasure this old, dog-eared address book as a way to remind me of who I was and the people who shaped who I've become. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在准备写节日贺卡时，被女儿Charlotte注意到她使用旧地址簿这一事件。通过这一事件，作者回忆了地址簿中记录的人们对她的重要性，以及她为何不愿意放弃这本旧地址簿。 4．What is the condition of the author's address book? A．Old but neat. B．Colorful but loose. C．Worn-out and taped together. D．Messy and disorganized. 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第三段“My address book ...to escape confinement (束缚)．”可知，作者的地址簿已经将近40年了。它褪色的封面曾经非常可爱，但现在已经缠满了胶带，一个橡皮筋勉强让那些纸片保持在一起。 5．What is the author's attitude toward her daughter's suggestion? A．She is thankful for it. B．She is open to it. C．She is confused about it. D．She is uninterested in it. 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第七段“My internal musings finish ...this mess sometime？”可知，当女儿Charlotte提出使用应用程序来改进地址簿的建议时，作者并没有拒绝或表现出不感兴趣，而是对女儿的建议持有一种开放的态度，表示愿意在将来某个时候尝试看看这样的应用程序。 6．How does the author feel about her address book? A．It might be unreliable. B．It's a valuable memory of her past. C．It's too old and worthless. D．It needs to be digitalized. 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据最后一段“And no matter what ...who I've become.”可知，作者对她的地址簿有着深厚的感情，认为它是她过去的宝贵记忆。 7．What would be the best title for the text? A．Daughter's Gift B．My Day Online C．A World of Digital Distraction D．Faded Outside, Rich Inside 解析：选D　标题归纳题。根据文章内容可知，文章主要描述了作者的一个使用了将近40年的地址簿，虽然外观已经褪色和破旧，但里面却充满了作者珍贵的回忆。女儿建议她使用应用程序来改进这个地址簿，但作者依然珍视这个旧地址簿，因为它记载着她的过去。选项D“Faded Outside, Rich Inside”很好地概括了文章的主旨，即外表可能不再光鲜，但内心却充满了价值和意义。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 According to the traditional Chinese calendar, for every 19 years there will be seven leap months (闰月). “Leap month” refers to a repetitive month and, in 2023, there were two Februaries. The setting of leap month is a way to fill the gap of days between the solar calendar and lunar calendar in one year, which is 11 or 12 days, so as to make sure the four seasons basically fit the months.__8__， which are varied in different places. Send special-made pastry (老雁馍) to parents In some parts of Central China's Henan Province, daughters will prepare wild goose-shaped pastries for their parents before the leap month comes, wishing for happiness and luck. In some parts of East China's Shandong Province, the married daughters will send dough-made fish and toad (蟾蜍) to their parents, which symbolize “wealth” and “health” respectively.__9__. Buy shoes for parents In some places, people have the tradition of buying shoes for their parents to reward their father and mother's efforts of bringing them up, and pray for the health and safety of their parents. __10__ People living near Wuyi Mountain in East China's Fujian Province have the tradition of drinking tea during leap month, and only women are qualified to participate. Women in the village take turns holding the tea party, and they drink tea while chatting, creating a harmonious atmosphere among neighbors. Give mother pig feet and thin noodles In Southeast China, leap month has such traditions as well.__11__， usually two front pig feet and six bunches of thin noodles, and the noodles have to be tied with red silk threads and spring flowers. Eat dinner together __12__.When leap month comes, parents will invite the married daughter to return home and have dinner together, cherishing a wish for happiness and good fortune. A．Drink leap moon tea B．Hold tea party alternatively C．Thus, they also buy parents six bunches of flowers D．There are some traditions and customs during leap month in China E．The married daughter has to buy pig feet and thin noodles for her mother F．Besides, it is said that the dough fish is for a mother and the dough toad is for a father G．Just like other festivals, a reunion dinner is essential among the traditions of the leap month 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国各地闰月的不同传统和习俗。 8．选D　根据后文“which are varied in different places”以及每段前面描述传统和习俗的小标题可推知，空处会引出闰月的传统和习俗的话题。D项(在中国的闰月有一些传统和习俗)符合语境。 9．选F　根据前文“In some parts of East China's ...respectively.”可知，前文介绍了出嫁的女儿给父母送面鱼和面蟾蜍的习俗，空处应该会承接前文，进一步介绍这一习俗。F项(此外，据说面鱼是给妈妈吃的，面蟾蜍是给爸爸吃的)承接前文，符合语境。 10．选A　空处是段落的小标题，需统领段落内容。根据后文“People living ...neighbors.”可知，本段介绍的是福建武夷山闰月喝茶的传统。A项(喝闰月茶)符合语境。 11．选E　根据段落小标题“Give mother pig feet and thin noodles”可知，本段介绍送给妈妈猪脚和细面条的传统，再结合后文“usually two front pig ... flowers”可知，后文详细介绍了这个传统，空处会引出送猪脚和细面条这一传统，和后文呼应。E项(出嫁的女儿要给妈妈买猪脚和细面条)符合语境。 12．选G　根据段落小标题“Eat dinner together”可知，本段介绍一起吃晚餐这一传统，空处位于段首，应该会直接点明这一传统。G项(和其他节日一样，团圆饭在闰月的传统中也是必不可少的)可引起后文，符合语境。 课时作业(二)　 Ⅰ.完形填空 (2025·河南高三诊断)My dad worked in construction. His day started early and ended late. When he got home, all he __1__ to do was lie on the couch and relax. One hot summer, when my parents' wedding anniversary (周年纪念日) was __2__， they made plans to eat out. When the big day __3__ arrived, Dad got home at seven. He was obviously tired. “Honey, I just need a thirty-minute sleep and then we'll eat out for __4__ ，” he said as he lay on the couch. I knew how important that evening was to Mom, but before long Dad was __5__. Then Mom did the strangest thing. She __6__ the refrigerator and took out eggs and bacon. Soon she had some biscuits baking in the oven. Mom __7__ a plate with a lot of his favorite foods. Then she bent over and kissed him while whispering in his ear, “Time to __8__ , honey.” As Dad looked up, he found Mom standing in front of him with his dinner. I'll never __9__ the love that passed between them. “Honey, I promised you I'd take you out to dinner and I __10__ it，” he said sincerely. She kissed him on the cheek, “I know you would, but I'm also __11__ that you've had a hard day and you're tired. What's important is that we're together.” That __12__ on love is still with me today five decades later. Whenever I imagine how __13__ they're to be together in heaven, a sweet peace and comfort falls over me, the same way I felt when I __14__ their great love for each other on that night when Mom made Dad a __15__ anniversary dinner. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者目睹母亲体谅父亲的辛苦，选择在家庆祝结婚纪念日的故事。 1．A.happened　　　　 B．wanted C．Agreed D.remembered 解析：选B　根据前文“His day started early and ended late.”及后文“to do was lie on the couch and relax”可知，父亲工作劳累，回到家想做的就是躺在沙发上放松。 2．A.appearing B.passing C．Changing D.approaching 解析：选D　根据上文“when my parents' wedding anniversary (周年纪念日) was”可知，父母的结婚周年纪念日临近了。 3．A.eventually B.secretly C．Surprisingly D.naturally 解析：选A　根据上文“When the big day”可知，纪念日终于到来。 4．A.comfort B.convenience C．Celebration D.exploration 解析：选C　此处指庆祝上文提到的“my parents' wedding anniversary”。 5．A.bored B.asleep C．embarrassed D.impatient 解析：选B　根据上文“I just need a thirty-minute sleep”可知，父亲睡着了。 6．A.reached into B.packed up C．searched for D.switched off 解析：选A　根据后文“the refrigerator and took out eggs and bacon”可知，母亲把手伸进冰箱拿出鸡蛋和熏肉。 7．A.exchanged B.refilled C．decorated D.piled 解析：选D　根据后文“a plate with a lot of his favorite foods”可知，母亲在一个盘子里堆了很多父亲喜欢吃的食物。 8．A.depart B.awake C．exercise D.withdraw 解析：选B　根据后文“As Dad looked up, he found Mom standing in front of him with his dinner.”可知，母亲叫醒了父亲。 9．A.copy B.record C．forget D.understand 解析：选C　根据后文“the love that passed between them”可知，父母之间的爱情让作者难忘。 10．A.meant B.made C．admitted D.regretted 解析：选A　根据上文“I promised you I'd take you out to dinner and”可知，父亲强调自己的话是当真的，有这个意图的。 11．A.afraid B.ashamed C．disappointed D.aware 解析：选D　根据后文“that you've had a hard day and you're tired”可知，母亲知道父亲的辛苦。 12．A.advice B.lesson C．comment D.experiment 解析：选B　根据后文“on love is still with me today five decades later”可知，目睹父母之间的爱情给作者上了一堂关于爱的一课。 13．A.proud B.relaxed C．happy D.amazed 解析：选C　根据后文“they're to be together in heaven, a sweet peace and comfort falls over me”可知，父母在天堂很快乐幸福。 14．A.shared B.deserved C．gained D.witnessed 解析：选D　根据后文“their great love for each other on that night”可知，作者目睹了父母之间的爱。 15．A.random B.typical C．special D.familiar 解析：选C　根据上文可知，母亲为了不让父亲劳累，在家做了晚餐，所以是一顿特别的周年纪念日晚餐。 Ⅱ.语法填空 (2025·菏泽模拟)The complicated art of needle-pierced frameless lanterns, __1__ was recognized as a national cultural heritage in China in 2006, is a traditional craft __2__ (date) back to the Tang Dynasty in the Pot an Ancient Town, Xianju County, Zhejiang Province. This technique involves pasting (粘贴) and shaping layers of paper to create unique designs，__3__ puncturing (刺破) the lantern surface to form patterns and allow light to shine through. Unlike traditional lantern styles that usually rely on bamboo or wooden frames, this method fashions patterns and designs __4__ the need for any framing. Every delicate pattern of these frameless lanterns is__5__ (careful) crafted using a tiny embroidery (绣花) needle. Each square centimeter of paper __6__ (demand) around 100 needle punctures. Depending on the lantern's size, __7__ number of punctures can vary from several hundred thousand to over 1 million. __8__ (patient) is thus vital for craftsmen. In the past, every household here would craft lanterns for traditional Chinese__9__ (festival) like the Spring Festival, the Lantern Festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival. Lanterns __10__ (love) as symbols of good fortune and prosperity. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的一项传统工艺——针刺无框灯笼，包括该技艺的历史、制作过程、所需技巧以及它在传统文化节日中的应用和象征意义。 1．which　考查定语从句。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The complicated art，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。 2．dating　考查非谓语动词。本句谓语为is，此处为非谓语动词，且craft与date back to“追溯到”为主动关系，故用现在分词形式，作后置定语，修饰craft，故填dating。 3．and　考查连词。pasting and shaping与puncturing之间为并列关系，用and连接。 4．without　考查介词。本空用介词without“没有”，表示在没有框架的情况下完成设计。 5．carefully　考查副词。本空用副词carefully“精心地”，修饰动词crafted，作状语。 6．demands　考查时态和主谓一致。本句描述一般事实，用一般现在时；主语Each square centimeter of paper为第三人称单数，谓语动词demand“需要”也应使用第三人称单数形式，故填demands。 7．the　考查冠词。the number of“……的数量”，为固定短语，故填the。 8．Patience　考查名词。本空用名词patience“耐心”，作主语，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Patience。 9．festivals　考查名词复数。由like the Spring Festival, the Lantern Festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival可知，此处表示多个节日，本空用festival“节日”的复数形式，故填festivals。 10．are loved　考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。本句描述一般情况，用一般现在时；主语Lanterns与动词love“喜爱”之间为被动关系，句子用一般现在时的被动语态，且主语为复数，be动词用are，故填are loved。 Ⅲ.应用文写作 (2025·广西高三联考)假定你是李华，你的同学Chris作为交换生来中国已经一年了，他对中国传统节日很感兴趣。恰逢今年春节他在中国，请你给他写一封邀请函，邀请他去你家欢度春节。内容包括： 1．表达你诚挚的邀请； 2．节日简介(庆祝时间、主要活动安排)。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 Dear Chris， Yours sincerely， Li Hua 参考范文： Dear Chris， Knowing that you have a keen interest in traditional Chinese festivals, I'm writing to extend a sincere invitation to you to come over to my house to celebrate the upcoming Spring Festival. The Spring Festival falls on January 1st of the Chinese lunar calendar. During the Spring Festival, apart from enjoying a feast, we will spend the day visiting relatives and friends, setting off fireworks, or watching the Spring Festival Gala on TV. Generally, children will get lucky money. We are expecting your arrival. Your presence would add to the warmth and happiness of our family gathering. Yours sincerely， Li Hua |背|单|词| 一、阅读单词(明其义) 1．faint vi.　　　　　　 昏倒；晕厥 adj. 不清楚的；微弱的 2．entrust vt. 委托；交付 3．tuition n． (小组)教学；讲课 4．fee n． 专业服务费；报酬 5．scholarship n． 奖学金 6．colleague n． 同事；同僚 7．clinic n． 诊所；门诊部 8．faraway adj. 遥远的 9．decade n． 十年；十年期 10．staff n． 员工；全体职员 11．kindergarten n． 学前班；幼儿园 12．passive adj. 被动的；顺从的 13．insurance n． 保险；保险业 14．midnight n． 子夜；午夜 15．pole n． (行星的)极；地极 16．lap n． (坐着时的)大腿部；(跑道等的)一圈 17．lip n． 嘴唇 18．chairman n． 主席；主持人；董事长 19．café n． 咖啡馆；小餐馆 20．pregnant adj. 怀孕的；妊娠的 21．disguise vt. 装扮；假扮；掩盖 n． 伪装；化装用具 22．maple n． 枫树；槭树 23．cart n 手推车；运货马车 24．fable n． 寓言；寓言故事 25．court n． (网球等的)球场；法院；法庭 26．per prep. 每；每一 二、核心单词(书写准) 1．moral adj.　　　　　 道德的；道义上的 n． 品行；道德；寓意 2．virtue n． 高尚的道德；美德；优秀品质 3．dilemma n． 进退两难的境地；困境 4．precious adj. 珍稀的；宝贵的 5．union n． 协会；联合会；工会 6．hire vt. 聘任；雇用；租用 n． 租借；租用 7．elsewhere adv. 在别处；去别处 8．publish vt. 发表(作品)；出版 9．principle n． 道德原则；法则；原则 10．whisper vi.& vt. 悄声说；耳语；低语 n． 耳语(声)；低语(声)；传言；谣传 11．bite vt.& vi. 咬；叮；蜇 n． 咬；(咬下的)一口；咬伤 12．chain n． 一连串(人或事)；链子；链条 13．spill vt.& vi. (使)洒出；(使)溢出 14．limp vi. 跛行；一瘸一拐地走 15．tear n． 眼泪；泪水 16．despair n． 绝望 vi. 绝望；感到无望 17．income n． 收入；收益 18．therefore adv. 因此；所以 三、变形单词(晓其变) 1．illustrate vt. (举例)说明；阐明；给(书或文章)加插图 illustration　n．　　　 说明；插图 2．marryvt. 结婚；嫁；娶 marriagen. 结婚；婚姻 3．majoradj. 主要的vi.主修n.主修课程 majorityn. 大部分；大多数 minorityn. 少数民族；少数派 4．complainvi.& vt. 抱怨；发牢骚 complaintn. 抱怨 5．respondvt. 回答；回复vi.做出反应；回应 responsen. 反应；回答；回复 6．physicsn. 物理学 physicaladj. 身体的；物质的 physiciann. 医师；(尤指)内科医生 7．rejectvt. 拒绝接受；不录用 rejectionn. 拒绝接受；否决 8．appointvt. 任命；委派 appointmentn. 约会；任命 appointedadj. 约定的；指定的 9．electvt. 选举；推选 electionn. 选举；推选；当选 10．tendvt. 照顾；照料vi.倾向；趋于 tendencyn. 倾向；趋势 11．retirevi.& vt. 退休；退职；退出 retirementn. 退休 retiredadj. 已退休的 12．savev. 节省；节约；救助 savingn. 节省物；节省；节约；[pl.]储蓄金；存款 13．scarevt. 惊吓；使害怕vi.受惊吓 scaredadj. 害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的 scaryadj. 恐怖的；吓人的 14．sharpadj. 急剧的；锋利的；明显的 sharpenv. 使锋利；改善；提高 15．energyn. 精力；活力；能量 energeticadj. 精力充沛的；充满活力的 16．replacevt. 接替；取代；更换 replacement n. 代替；更换 17．accidentn. 事故；车祸；失事 accidentaladj. 意外的；偶然的 18．operatevi. 工作；运转；动手术vt.操作 operationn. 手术；企业；经营 operatorn. 操作员 19．importn. 进口；进口商品vt.进口；输入；引进 exportn. 出口；出口商品vt.出口；输出；传播 20．assistvt. 帮助；援助 assistancen. 帮助；协助 assistantn. 助手；助理；售货员 21．memoryn. 记忆力；回忆 memorizev. 记住；熟记 memorableadj. 难忘的 22．harmn.& vt. 伤害；损害 harmfuladj. 有害的 harmlessadj. 无害的 23．mightn. 力量；威力 mightyadj. 强大的；巨大的 24．flexibleadj. 灵活的；可变通的 flexibilityn. 灵活 inflexibleadj. 不灵活的；顽固的 25．tenseadj. 紧张的 tensionn. 紧张关系；紧张；焦虑 四、同“族”词汇(巧积累) 1．同在一条“船(-ship)”上　 ①scholarship 奖学金　 ②championship　冠军称号 ③leadership领导地位 ④relationship关系 ⑤hardship艰难 ⑥membership成员资格 ⑦friendship友谊 ⑧citizenship公民身份 2．众“说”纷纭　 ①complain v．抱怨 ②insist v．坚持说 ③joke v．开玩笑 ④murmur v．嘟囔；低语 ⑤add v．补充说 ⑥whisper v．低声说 ⑦declare v．声明；宣称 ⑧announce v．宣称；宣布 |背|短|语| 1．carry sb.through sth. 帮助某人渡过难关 2．tend to do sth. 易于做某事；往往会发生某事 3．pass away 去世 4．in memory of 作为对……的纪念 5．trip over 被……绊倒 6．in tears 流着泪；含着泪 7．in despair 处于绝望中 8．a great deal (of) 大量 9．in need of 需要 10．pick oneself up 振作起来；重新站起来 |背|佳|句| 一、背教材原句，学高级句式 1．To a person nothing is more precious than their life, and if they entrust me with that life, how could I refuse that trust, saying I'm cold, hungry, or tired？(“否定词＋比较级”结构，表示最高级意义) 对一个人来说，生命是最宝贵的。而现在这个人对你说，我把生命交给你，那么你还说什么呢？你冷？你饿？你困？ 2．The new People's Republic of China saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi playing a key role.(see的拟人用法) 中华人民共和国成立后，林巧稚医生发挥了更大的作用。 二、背主题佳句，学出彩表达 单元主题：优秀品质 1．As we all know, craftsmanship spirit is mainly made up of perseverance, integrity, diligence and expertise. 众所周知，工匠精神主要是由毅力、诚信、勤奋和专业组成的。 2．His charming personality lies in a simple fact that he never hesitates to help others. 他的人格魅力在于一个简单的事实：对帮助别人他从不犹豫。 3．We should develop good characters, such as a strong will and diligence, because good qualities help us to hold on to our dreams when we get into trouble. 我们应当培养好的品质，如坚强的意志和勤奋，因为好的品质能帮助我们在陷入困境时坚持我们的梦想。 |背|语|段| 以读促写：形体描写之“臂” Entering the room, I saw Grandma sitting on the bed with a blanket around her. I ran forward and gave her the biggest hug with tearful eyes. Grandma, holding me tightly in her arms, said, “I know there's a chance I won't make it, but I love you forever.” Grandpa patted Grandma on the back and comforted her, “Don't worry, honey. We are all waiting for you here.” Grandma nodded with her usual smile. 走进房间，我看见奶奶正坐在床上，身上围着一条毯子。我跑上去，眼泪汪汪地给了她一个大大的拥抱。奶奶紧紧地把我搂在怀里，说，“我知道，我有可能活不下去，但我永远爱你。”爷爷拍着奶奶的背，安慰她，“别担心，亲爱的，我们都在这里等候你。”奶奶像往常一样微笑着点了点头。 高分悟道 本段中加黑部分是和“臂”有关的动作描写，通过紧紧拥抱表达了作者和祖母之间的爱，刻画了一幅让人伤感又充满温馨的生动画面。 高分有招 常见的与“臂”相关的高分词块有： throw/put one's arms around sb.伸出双臂抱住某人 wave arms挥舞双臂 with open arms热烈地 fold one's arms across one's chest双臂交叉在胸前 arm in arm臂挽臂 pull sb. into one's arms揽某人入怀 一、默写核心单词 1．the moral of the story　 　　 故事的寓意 2．the virtue of honesty 诚实的美德 3．in a dilemma 陷入两难 4．the most precious gift最珍贵的礼物 5．the Students' Union 学生会 6．hire a guide 雇用一位导游 7．go elsewhere 去别处 8．publish_her first novel 出版她的第一部小说 9．the foundational principle 基本原则 10．whisper in her ear 在她耳边耳语 11．take a bite of the cookie 咬一口饼干 12．a chain of actions 一连串的动作 13．spill her drink 弄洒了她的饮料 14．limp down the hallway 一瘸一拐地走过走廊 15．shed tears 流泪 16．sink into despair 陷入绝望 17．a major source of income 主要收入来源 18．therefore burn lots of calories 因此燃烧大量热量 二、默写变形单词 (依据语境提示在横线上写出单词的正确形式) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 三、默写重点短语 1．carry_sb.through_sth.　　 　 帮助某人渡过难关 2．tend_to_do_sth. 易于做某事；往往会发生某事 3．pass_away 去世 4．in_memory_of 作为对……的纪念 5．trip_over 被……绊倒 6．in_tears 流着泪；含着泪 7．in_despair 处于绝望中 8．a_great_deal_(of) 大量 四、默写经典句式(完成句子) 1．To a person nothing_is_more_precious_than_their_life,_and if they entrust me with that life, how could I refuse that trust, saying I'm cold, hungry, or tired? 对一个人来说，生命是最宝贵的。而现在这个人对你说，我把生命交给你，那么你还说什么呢？你冷？你饿？你困？ 2．The new People's Republic of China_saw_Dr_Lin_Qiaozhi_playing_a_key_role. 中华人民共和国成立后，林巧稚医生发挥了更大的作用。 登录一帆云教育 课前爬黑板 检测单元语言点的掌握程度 一、变形词汇——练清易错微点　 1．She will continue in her present job until a replacement (replace) can be found. 2．At the end of the activity, we took a picture to memorize (memory) the unforgettable moment. 3．Thanks to the retired (retire) teacher, Helen managed to finish her high school education. 4．As a Senior 3 student, it is normal that you have a tendency (tend) to get anxious with time going by. 5．He expressed his disgust at the service by writing a letter of complaint (complain)． 6．The kitchen knife had become dull, so my mum asked me to sharpen (sharp) it. 7．I find that doing physical exercise a couple of times a week makes me feel more energetic (energy)． 易错微点 1．retired在此处是过去分词作定语。作定语用的过去分词相当于形容词，其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词。单个的过去分词作定语，通常放在被修饰的名词之前。 2．sharpen在此处作动词，意为“使变得锋利”，是由形容词sharp＋动词后缀-en构成的。类似的还有shorten“缩短”，darken“使变暗”，weaken“削弱”等。 二、重点词汇——练后拓展归纳　 1．majority n．大部分；大多数 ①When I graduated from high school, I wanted to major in comparative literature. ②Some plastic gets recycled or recovered and some is burned, but the majority is (be) buried in landfills. ③(2022·全国乙卷书面表达)According to the survey, the/a_majority_of_students_consider listening to English songs as their favorite way in English learning. 根据调查，大多数学生把听英文歌曲作为他们最喜欢的英语学习方式。 ④(话题写作之学校生活)Those who have voted for me are_in_the/a_majority,_so I am elected as chairman of the Students' Union. 投票支持我的人占大多数，因此我被选为学生会主席。 (1)a/the majority of ...　 大多数…… be in the/a majority 占大部分/大多数 (2)major adj. 主要的 vi. 主修 n． 主修课程 major in 主修 名师指津：“a/the majority of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词与of后面的名词在数上保持一致；the majority单独作主语时，谓语动词可用单数(侧重整体)或复数(侧重个体)。 2．respond vt.回答；回复vi.做出反应；回应 ①The resident physician responded to the complaints of his patients immediately. ②She made no response (respond) to the principle, which made me boil with anger. ③(2024·北京高考写作)I am writing in_response_to_your_last_letter,_in which you asked for my advice on how to present China's development achievements. 我写信是为了回应你的上一封信，在信中你要我就如何介绍中国的发展成就提供建议。 (1)respond to 对……做出回应或反应；答复 (2)response n． 回答；回复；反应 in response to 响应；对……做出反应 make a/no response to 对……做出回应/不予回应 3．appoint vt.任命；委派 ①Then, I drove to the appointed (appoint) place, and my father was sitting in a corner, waiting patiently. ②(动作描写)Learning_he_was_appointed_as/to_be_head_of_the_team,_he couldn't contain his excitement and danced into the house. 当得知自己被任命为队长时，他抑制不住自己的兴奋，跳着舞进了屋子。 ③(道歉信)由于已经和牙医预约，我非常抱歉不能在约定的时间陪你去书店了。(一句多译) →Because I_have_made/had_an_appointment_with_the_dentist,_I am terribly sorry for not accompanying you to the bookshop at the appointed time. →Having_made/had_an_appointment_with_the_dentist,_I am terribly sorry for not accompanying you to the bookshop at the appointed time.(用分词短语作状语) (1)appoint sb. as/to be ... 任命某人为…… appoint sb. to do sth. 委派某人做某事 (2)appointment n． 约会；任命 have/make an appointment with sb. 与某人有约会 keep/break an appointment 守/违(爽)约 (3)appointed adj. 约定的；指定的 4．scare vt.惊吓；使害怕vi.受惊吓 ①After watching a scary (scare) film in the cinema, she was scared of walking home alone on such a dark night and therefore, she called a taxi. ②When I realized that the bear was coming back to attack us，I_was_nearly_scared_to_death. 当我意识到那头熊要回来攻击我们的时候，我几乎吓得要死。 ③(心理描写)I bowed my head timidly and was_scared_to_look_at my father's cloudy face. 我胆怯地低着头，不敢看爸爸那张阴云密布的脸。 (1)scare sb. into doing sth.　　　　　　　恐吓某人做某事 (2)scared adj. 害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的 be scared to do sth. 害怕/不敢做某事 be scared of sb./(doing)sth. 害怕某人/(做)某事 be scared to death 吓得要死 (3)scary adj. 吓人的；恐怖的 5．assist vt.帮助；援助；协助 ①The guides managed to assist the tourists to_find (find) somewhere to live during the Asian Summer Games. ②We're looking for volunteers who would be willing to assist us with/in the upcoming exhibition of Chinese painting. ③(情节描写)When the twins were worried that they couldn't succeed in making a delicious Mother's Day breakfast, their father came_to_their_assistance._With_the_assistance_of_their_father/With_their_father_assisting_them/With_their_father's_assistance,_the twins made it, their faces brimming with happy smiles.(补全语段) 正当这对双胞胎担心做不出一顿美味的母亲节早餐的时候，爸爸来帮他们了。在爸爸的帮助下，这对双胞胎成功了，脸上洋溢着快乐的笑容。 (1)assist sb.to do/in doing sth.　　　　　 帮助某人做某事 assist sb.with/in sth. 在某方面帮助某人 (2)assistance n． 帮助；协助 come to one's assistance 来援助某人 with the assistance of ... 在……的帮助下 (3)assistant n． 助手；助理；售货员 6.harm n．& vt.伤害；损害；危害 ①(话题写作之健康生活)众所周知，吃太多垃圾食品对我们的健康有害。(一句多译) →It is known to us that eating too much junk food does/causes_harm_to_our_health.(harm n．) →It is known to us that eating too much junk food is_harmful_to_our_health.(harmful) ②(补全语段)Being addicted to online games is_harmful_to/does_harm_to our physical and mental health. Therefore, there_is_no_harm_in_getting_rid_of_them. 沉迷于网络游戏对我们的身心健康有害。因此，戒掉它们没有害处。 (1)do/cause harm to sb./sth.　　　　　　 对某人/物有害 do/cause sb. harm 对某人有害 there is no harm in doing sth. 做某事没有害处 (2)harmful adj. 有害的 be harmful to 对……有害 三、重点短语——练后查找疏漏　 a great/good deal of许多的；大量的 ①(对比填空)He spent a_great_deal_of time with the poor families, and he learned a_great_deal from the experience.(a great deal of/a great deal) ②(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)Although David ran_a_great/good_deal_slower_than_the_other_kids,_he made it to the finish line with a determined smile brimming on his face. A_good/great_many_(of) kids couldn't resist applauding him.(补全语段) 尽管大卫比其他孩子跑得慢得多，但他成功到达终点线，脸上洋溢着坚定的微笑。许多孩子情不自禁地为他鼓掌。 (1)a great/good deal of “许多的；大量的”，只能修饰不可数名词。修饰可数名词可以用a great/good many (of)。 (2)a great deal用作名词短语时，意为“大量；许多”，作主语或者宾语。 (3)a great/good deal用作副词短语时，可修饰形容词、副词比较级来加强程度，也可以作状语修饰动词。 四、一词多义——语境中辨词义(对应右栏词义填代码)　 1.①Suddenly, Ziyad let out a sharp cry.Within seconds, he'd slid down the trunk and was back on the ground.__F__ ②She had her finger cut by a sharp knife by accident while she was cutting a potato.__C__ ③This leads to the sharp decrease of the animals' population.__A__ ④I was approaching a fairly sharp bend that swept downhill to the left.__E__ ⑤She planned to unlock the shop at 8：00 sharp the next morning.__D__ ⑥I got a seat opposite a middle-aged man with sharp eyes，who kept watching a young woman in a window seat with a little boy on her lap.__B__ 1.sharp A．adj.急剧的 B．adj.敏锐的 C．adj.锋利的 D．adv.(……点)整 E．adj.急转的 F．adj.声音突然而响亮的 2.①In 1971, China's first subway line in Beijing was formally put into operation.__C__ ②The police have launched a major operation against drug suppliers.__D__ ③I have been working in a huge multinational operation ever since graduation.__E__ ④With the help of sunshine, fresh air, and enough rest, the old man will quickly recover from the operation.__A__ ⑤Costs would be cut and operations would be more efficient across the board.__B__ 2.operation A．n.手术 B．n.操作 C．n.运转；运行 D．n.(有组织的)活动；行动 E．n.公司；企业 登录一帆云教育 随堂语篇综合训练 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (说明：文中加黑词汇为本单元主题词汇) (2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ· 阅读理解B篇)Jennifer Mauer has needed more willpower than the typical college student to pursue her goal of earning a nursing degree.That willpower bore fruit when Jennifer graduated from University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire and became the first in her large family to earn a bachelor's degree. Mauer, of Edgar, Wisconsin, grew up on a farm in a family of 10 children.Her dad worked at a job away from the farm, and her mother ran the farm with the kids.After high school, Jennifer attended a local technical college, working to pay her tuition (学费), because there was no extra money set aside for a college education.After graduation, she worked to help her sisters and brothers pay for their schooling. Jennifer now is married and has three children of her own.She decided to go back to college to advance her career and to be able to better support her family while doing something she loves: nursing.She chose the UW-Eau Claire program at Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital in Marshfield because she was able to pursue her four-year degree close to home.She could drive to class and be home in the evening to help with her kids.Jennifer received great support from her family as she worked to earn her degree: Her husband worked two jobs to cover the bills, and her 68-year-old mother helped take care of the children at times. Through it all, she remained in good academic standing and graduated with honors.Jennifer sacrificed (牺牲) to achieve her goal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing important events to study.“Some nights my heart was breaking to have to pick between my kids and studying for exams or papers，” she says.However, her children have learned an important lesson witnessing their mother earn her degree.Jennifer is a first-generation graduate and an inspiration to her family — and that's pretty powerful. [真题评价] [价值导向]　本文是一篇记叙文。Jennifer在家里不能提供大学教育的情况下，通过自己的努力，以及家人的帮助完成了四年大学学习，成功拿到了学位。文章旨在引导学生学习他人的优秀品质，学会正确面对自己的责任，塑造自己的美好品格。 1．What did Jennifer do after high school? A．She helped her dad with his work. B．She ran the family farm on her own. C．She supported herself through college. D．She taught her sisters and brothers at home. 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第二段第三句中的“Jennifer attended a local technical college, working to pay her tuition(学费) ...a college education”可知，Jennifer 在高中毕业之后上了一个技术学院，上学期间的学费是自己打工挣来的，因为家里没有余钱供她上学。 2．Why did Jennifer choose the program at Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital in Marshfield? A．To take care of her kids easily. B．To learn from the best nurses. C．To save money for her parents. D．To find a well-paid job there. 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“She chose ...because she was able to pursue her four-year degree close to home ...help with her kids.”可知，Jennifer在婚后要照顾三个孩子，但是又想在事业上深造，为了两者兼顾，所以选择了离家较近的“UW-Eau Claire”项目，以期在学习的同时照顾到孩子，故选A。 3．What did Jennifer sacrifice to achieve her goal? A．Her health. B．Her time with family. C．Her reputation. D．Her chance of promotion. 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第四段第二句中的“giving up many nights with her kids and ...between my kids and studying for exams or papers”可知，Jennifer为了达成目标牺牲了很多，主要体现在为了学习在很多个晚上没有办法照看和陪伴孩子，故选B。 4．What can we learn from Jennifer's story? A．Time is money. B．Love breaks down barriers. C．Hard work pays off. D．Education is the key to success. 解析：选C　推理判断题。文章介绍了Jennifer 在家境困难的情况下依靠自己完成了学业，在婚后既要照顾家庭还想深造的情况下努力付出，最终实现了目标。她的经历表明一个人的努力付出是会有回报的，故选C。 [语篇精读] 一、理文脉，把握文章大意 本文是一篇记叙文，采用了“倒叙式”的语篇模式。 二、拓词汇，厚积语基语料 1．因境辨义(写出下列黑体词在文中的词性及含义) ①(合成词)Jennifer Mauer has needed more willpower than the typical college student to pursue her goal of earning a nursing degree.n.意志力，毅力 ②(熟词生义)That willpower bore fruit when Jennifer graduated from University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire and became the first in her large family to earn a bachelor's degree.n.成果，结果 ③(一词多义)Her dad worked at a job away from the farm, and her mother ran the farm with the kids.v.管理，经营 ④(一词多义)She decided to go back to college to advance her career and to be able to better support her family while doing something she loves: nursing.v.促进，推动 2．词块积累(写出下列词块在文中的汉语意思) ①earn a nursing degree　　　 获得护理学位 ②attend college 上大学 ③set aside 拨出；留出 ④pay for 为……付款 ⑤help with 在某方面帮助(某人)_ ⑥take care of 照顾，照料 ⑦an inspiration to 对……是一种激励 三、析难句，破解阅读障碍 1．After high school, Jennifer attended a local technical college, working to pay her tuition (学费), because there was no extra money set aside for a college education. 抓标志：连词because 判类型：主句(含一个作状语的分词短语)＋原因状语从句 试翻译：高中毕业后，詹妮弗进入了当地的一所技术学院，打工支付学费，因为(家里)没有多余的钱供她上大学。 2．Jennifer received great support from her family as she worked to earn her degree: Her husband worked two jobs to cover the bills, and her 68-year-old mother helped take care of the children at times. 抓标志：连词as；并列连词and 判类型：主从复合句(含一个时间状语从句＋and连接的并列句) 试翻译：詹妮弗在努力攻读学位的过程中得到了家人的大力支持：她的丈夫打两份工来支付账单，她68岁的母亲有时会帮忙照顾孩子。 登录一帆云教育 名师析题 发掘真题背后的“故事” 由教材典句，学高级表达　 “否定词＋比较级”结构，表示最高级意义 |解|读|规|则| (1)“否定词＋比较级”结构，意为“没有比……更……的了；没有像……一样……的了”，常用的否定词有no, not, never, nothing, nobody, hardly等。 (2)可表示最高级意义的其他结构还有： ①比较级＋than＋ ②can/could＋never/not＋be＋ |习|练|规|则|　(用“否定词＋比较级”改写) ①We do believe that you are the most suitable for this competition. →We do believe that there is no_one_more_suitable_than_you for this competition. ②The best thing is being praised by my teacher before my classmates. →There is nothing_better_than being praised by my teacher before my classmates. ③He is the most kind-hearted person I have ever met. →I have_never_met_a_more_kind-hearted_person than him before. |应|用|写|美| ④(语言描写)“我从来没吃过比这更美味的早餐了！”妈妈激动地回答道。 “ I_have_never_had_a_more_delicious_breakfast_than_this_one！” the mother responded excitedly. ⑤(情感描写)我们紧紧拥抱在一起，特里含泪低语道：“没有人比你更值得拥有这一切。” We hugged each other tightly and Terry whispered in tears, “Nobody_deserves_this_more_than_you.” see的拟人用法 |解|读|规|则| (1)see意为“见证；目睹；经历”时，常以表示时代、年代、世纪等或地点的名词作主语，表示某时或某地发生或经历了某事。 (2)与see用法相同的动词有find, witness等，这些词在句中作谓语，用物作主语时，表示一种拟人的修辞手法，以增添语言色彩，使表达更形象。 |习|练|规|则|　(变换句式) ①With the rapid development of economy, great changes have taken place in our city in the last few years.(用拟人的修辞手法升级) →With the rapid development of economy, the last few years have_seen/witnessed_great_changes in our city. ②Many young Beijing people wear smartly tailored jackets and colorful sweaters in autumn.(用see升级句子) →Autumn sees_many_young_Beijing_people in smartly tailored jackets and colorful sweaters. |应|用|写|美| ③(话题写作之活动介绍)国庆节目睹了人们在街上欢快地唱歌、跳舞，庆祝我们伟大祖国的生日。 National Day saw/witnessed_people_singing_and_dancing_happily_in_the_streets to celebrate our great motherland's birthday. ④(话题写作之体育运动)众所周知，2024年见证了第33届巴黎奥运会的成功举办。 As is known to all, the year 2024 saw/witnessed_the_success of the 33rd Olympic Games in Paris. 建构语义场，丰富语料库　 子语境(一)　道德困境 1．moral dilemma　　　　　　　 道德困境 2．get in trouble 陷入麻烦 3．make difficult choices 做出困难选择 4．struggle with moral decisions 与道德决定作斗争 5．Before taking action, we should weigh the moral consequences carefully. 在采取行动之前，我们应该仔细权衡道德后果。 6．He managed to overcome moral obstacles and did the right thing. 他设法克服了道德障碍，做了正确的事。 子语境(二)　善良美德行为 1．be responsible for对……负责 2．carry sb. through使某人渡过难关 3．assist us to settle our troubles帮助我们解决困难 4．Without any hesitation, Henry was determined to help the stranger. 亨利毫不犹豫地决心帮助这个陌生人。 5．I liked the kids, always trying to help them solve their problems. 我喜欢这些孩子们，总是尽力帮助他们解决问题。 子语境(三)　善良美德行为的感悟 1．in memory of him　　　 为了纪念他 2．encourage more people to help others 鼓励更多的人来帮助他人 3．overflow with happiness洋溢着幸福 4．Since then, Tom has brought his love and care to wherever he goes. 从那时起，汤姆无论去哪里，都带着他的爱和关心。 5．Her actions reflect the true meaning of selflessness and sacrifice. 她的行为体现了无私和牺牲的真正意义。 6．I've learned from him that true generosity is not about what you give, but about the attitude with which you give it. 我从他身上学到：真正的慷慨不在于你给予了什么，而在于你给予时的态度。 登录一帆云教育 师生共育主题词汇树、共绘“词云图” 主题微写作，勤练笔不辍　 (一)应用单元所学补全语段(黑体字为单元词汇的复现) Mr Qiu, who majored in English in the university, ①is elected as one of the most beautiful teachers (被选为最美教师之一) in our school. He is so kind and energetic that we all respect him very much. Three years ago, he ②was appointed as/to be head teacher (被任命为班主任) of our class. The past three years ③have seen what he did for us (见证了他为我们的付出). He is always the first ④to assist us to settle/in settling our troubles (帮助我们解决困难), for which we all admire him a lot. Not only is he ready to help others, but he even ⑤devotes a great deal of his spare time (投入了大量的业余时间) to his work. He has tried his best to ⑥carry us through (帮助我们渡过难关) whenever we are in need.With his assistance, we couldn't have done better. (二)主题语段的细节描写训练 1．善良美德行为 Once, while traveling on a train, I noticed a man in a wheelchair ①struggling_to_board (正艰难地上车). A young girl, seeing his dilemma, ②immediately_offered_her_assistance (立刻主动提供帮助). She ③helped_him_onto_the_train (帮助他上火车), ④carried_his_belongings (拿着他的行李), and even found him a seat. Her actions were simple yet profoundly kind, ⑤reflecting_the_best_of_human_nature (反映了人性最美好的一面)． 2．对行为的感悟 At first Ryan was nervous, ①not_knowing_what_to_say (不知道该说什么). But after confirming that he really ②had_made_a_difference (做出了改变) for these children, he felt a great warmth filled him. He broke into a joyful smile, believing ③nothing_is_greater_than (没有什么比……更好了) the sense of ④satisfaction_and_pride_coming_from_this (由此带来的满足和自豪). Later, Ryan's experience led him to set up a foundation ⑤to_encourage_more_people_to_help (鼓励更多人来帮助) the children. 课时作业(一)　 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A An important lesson in the moral education of children could be as close as the book in their hands.Stories matter.And they can play a role in building moral values in young audiences, according to the results of a new study. Lindsay Hahn is the first author of the new study, which explores how media content influences children.Many studies done before have focused on wide concept, but Hahn's study looks at how moral values might influence the kids' values.Do children reading particular moral, characteristics take in those qualities and build their own morality? The findings suggest so. “Parents, caregivers, and teachers are often wondering how media can be used for good，” says Hahn.“How can it be used for good things? How can it discourage bad habits? How can it educate？” Answering those questions begins with a better understanding of how to use media.“When parents are considering what media they might want to select for their children, they can deliberate what particular moral value is being stressed by the main character, and how the main character is treated because of those actions，” she says. For the study, Hahn and her workmates took the main character from a young adult novel.They wrote the content to reflect the study's focus on moral values.Those stories were shared with about 200 participants between the ages of 10 and 14.This is a favorable range for media research because it's more difficult to introduce the understanding of stories to younger kids, while challenging to hold the attention of older teenagers, who become bored with basic storylines, according to Hahn. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。根据一项新的研究结果，故事可以在年轻听众的道德价值观的建设中发挥作用。 1．What is the result of the new study? A．Stories should be spread more by media. B．Children like reading books full of funny stories. C．Children have learned an important lesson from stories. D．Stories help children to develop their own moral values. 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，这项新研究的结果是故事帮助孩子们发展自己的道德价值观。 2．What does Hahn's study focus on? A．How children deal with media content. B．How children are exposed to modern society. C．How media content influences children's moral values. D．How children should deal with the moral values in stories. 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第二段的“Lindsay Hahn is the first author of the new study ...but Hahn's study looks at how moral values might influence the kids' values.”可知，Hahn的研究重点是媒体内容如何影响儿童的道德价值观。 3．What does the underlined word “deliberate” mean in paragraph 3? A．Consider.　　　　　 B．Describe. C．Improve. D.Demand. 解析：选A　词义猜测题。根据第三段画线词所在句可知，当父母考虑为孩子选择什么样的媒体时，他们可以考虑主角强调了什么特定的道德价值，以及主角因那些行为而受到怎样的对待，因此deliberate的意思是“考虑”，和consider意思相近。 4．Which is the best title for the text? A．The Young Can Build Good Moral Values Easily B．It Is Difficult for the Young to Understand Moral Values C．Stories Play an Important Role in the Young's Moral Values D．Scientists Find More Ways to Help the Young Build Moral Values 解析：选C　标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第一段可知，本文主要讲的是根据一项新的研究结果，故事可以在年轻听众的道德价值观的建设中发挥作用，因此最好的标题是C选项。 B (2025·河南名校模拟)In a heart-pounding display of courage and quick thinking, a 65-year-old crane (起重机) operator became an unexpected hero as he rescued a man trapped on top of a towering building engulfed in flames. Glen Edwards, a crane operator from Egham, was expressing his gratitude after a tense rescue operation in Reading last Thursday. Edwards found himself in a challenging situation as he navigated circling winds to save a man trapped by smoke and flames on a building. The dramatic rescue unfolded amid thick black smoke, making visibility nearly impossible. When the alarm sounded, Edwards, who had a concrete skip on his crane, wasted no time the moment he spotted the distressed man waving his coat. Employing his experience and knowledge of the area, Edwards attached a metal cage to the crane, carefully considering his options for the rescue. However, the challenging conditions, with smoke sheltering his view, added an extra layer of difficulty to the operation. With a colleague providing guidance and a concerned crowd watching from below, Edwards skillfully operated the crane to rescue the man. The onlookers erupted in cheers and applause as the man was safely lifted to the ground. Reflecting on the intense experience, Edwards remarked, “It seemed to pass a long time until the man got inside. The adrenaline (肾上腺素) was pumping.” He admitted to experiencing shaking after the rescue, emphasizing the gravity of the situation. Despite the successful operation, Edwards is yet to meet the man he saved, humorously noting, “He's got to take me across the road for a drink！” The heartwarming part of this story is the overwhelming support Edwards has received from well-wishers. A fund-raising page was set up to “buy Edwards a beer as a sign of gratitude，” initially aiming for ￡5,000 but now standing at an impressive ￡9,100. The community's response has left Edwards deeply moved. He stated, “It means a lot; some of the comments have been absolutely fantastic.” 语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了起重机操作员Glen Edwards拯救了一名被困在失火的高楼楼顶的男子，后来他自己也得到了社区人们的筹款和大力支持。 5．What does the underlined word “distressed” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Brave.　　　　 B．Painful. C．Enthusiastic. D.Disappointed. 解析：选B　词义猜测题。根据第一段“In a heart-pounding display ...in flames.”以及第二段“Edwards found himself ...on a building.”可知，这名男子被困在火中，结合常识可知，被困在火中的人会感觉痛苦，画线词distressed表示“痛苦的”，与painful意义相近。故选B。 6．Which of the following can best describe Edwards? A．Warm and Curious. B．Caring and ambitious. C．Professional and humorous. D．Gifted and generous. 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第三段“Employing his experience and knowledge of the area, Edwards attached a metal cage to the crane, carefully considering his options for the rescue.”、第四段“Edwards skillfully operated the crane to rescue the man.”以及第六段“Despite the successful ... for a drink！”可推知，爱德华兹具备专业技能，并且具有幽默感。故选C。 7．What can we conclude from the last paragraph? A．Sharp tools make good work. B．One good turn descries another. C．Actions speak louder than words. D．Hope for the best, but prepare for the worst. 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，做了好事的爱德华兹得到了社区人们的筹款和大力支持。由此推知，好人有好报。故选B。 8．What is the text probably taken from? A．A diary entry.B.A medical magazine. C．A news report.D.A first-aid essay. 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第二段“Glen Edwards, a crane operator from Egham, was expressing his gratitude after a tense rescue operation in Reading last Thursday.”以及文章内容可知，本文报道了起重机操作员Glen Edwards拯救了一名被困在失火的高楼楼顶的男子，后来他自己也得到了社区人们的筹款和大力支持。由此推知，文章出自一篇新闻报道。故选C。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (2025·湖北省T8联盟模拟)I would say I totally did it. I could sound a(n) __9__ to cause people to pay attention to the children with neurological (神经系统的) diseases. I could put my __10__ as a dancer to perform on stage across the country in order to raise money for these children. I have tried a lot, and also __11__ a lot. On the other day I went to __12__ money we collected to those extremely sick children. They all __13__ me happily and looked at me as if I had been their long-lost family member, and one of them __14__ held my hand, expressing his wish that I would come more often. Therefore, I have made it my life __15__ to help fight neurological diseases, and to inspire more young donors to participate in for __16__ lives through arts. I spend many weekends speaking at medical conferences to provide visibility (可见性) for the __17__ ill children, so do my colleagues. __18__ things can happen if the arts and medicine join forces. A life can be saved somewhere in the world with funding research, __19__ the medical equipment, and providing home-care services. In these ways, the young __20__ of our generation, along with our times, can come together and __21__ a domino effect (多米诺骨牌效应) that we've been dreaming about. I have learned that the __22__ work is not something reserved for adults. I am 16 years old and I am responsible for my fellows. What happens to each of us __23__ us all. I've only just begun to learn how to care about others. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者以舞蹈作为媒介，为患有神经系统疾病的儿童筹集资金，将帮助对抗神经系统疾病作为人生目标，并激励更多年轻人参与到慈善工作中。 9．A.word　　　　　 B．explosion C．threat D.alarm 解析：选D　根据下文“to cause people to pay attention to the children with neurological (神经系统的) diseases”可知，此处表示作者发出警报(alarm)，通过这种方式提醒人们关注患有神经系统疾病的儿童。 10．A.energies B.talents C．risks D.spirits 解析：选B　根据下文“as a dancer to perform on stage across the country”可知，此处表示作者发挥作为一名舞者的才能(talents)。故选B。 11．A.asked B.responded C．gained D.won 解析：选C　根据下文“On the other day I went to ________ money we collected to those extremely sick children.”可知，作者收获(gained)了很多。故选C。 12．A.deliver B.raise C．make D.accept 解析：选A　根据下文“money we collected to those extremely sick children”可知，作者给病重的孩子们递送(deliver)筹集到的钱款。 13．A.glared at B.smiled at C．laughed at D.shouted at 解析：选B　根据下文“me happily and looked at me as if I had been their long-lost family member”可知，作者给他们送来筹集的钱，他们都很开心，对着作者微笑(smiled at)。故选B。 14．A.toughly B.securely C．firmly D.confidently 解析：选C　根据下文“held my hand, expressing his wish that I would come more often”以及语境可知，孩子们很开心，看着作者就好像作者是他们失散多年的亲人，所以此处表示其中一个孩子紧紧地(firmly)握着作者的手。故选C。 15．A.goal B.stage C．journey D.chance 解析：选A　根据上文“They all ______ me happily ... would come more often.”以及语境可知，作者感受到了得到帮助的孩子们的开心和感激，由此推测此处表示作者将帮助对抗神经系统疾病作为自己的人生目标(goal)。故选A。 16．A.decorating B.taking C．living D.saving 解析：选D　根据下文“A life can be saved somewhere in the world with funding research”可知，作者希望通过自己的行为激励更多的年轻捐助者拯救(saving)生命。故选D。 17．A.simply B.frequently C．desperately D.widely 解析：选C　根据下文“ill children”可知，生病的孩子们极其(desperately)需要帮助。故选C。 18．A.Foolish B.Extraordinary C．Funny D.Normal 解析：选B　根据下文“A life can be saved somewhere in the world with funding research, ______ the medical equipment, and providing home-care services.”可知，如果艺术和医学联合起来，非凡的(Extraordinary)事情会发生。故选B。 19．A.throwing B.comparing C．supplying D.carrying 解析：选C　根据上文“A life can be saved somewhere in the world with funding research”可知，通过提供(supplying)医疗设备挽救生命。 20．A.donors B.tourists C．customers D.employers 解析：选A　根据上文“and to inspire more young donors to participate in for ________ lives through arts”可知，此处表示年轻的捐助者(donors)。故选A。 21．A.design B.reduce C．increase D.create 解析：选D　根据下文“a domino effect (多米诺骨牌效应) that we've been dreaming about”以及语境可知，年轻一代人可以创造(create)多米诺骨牌效应。故选D。 22．A.remarkable B.reasonable C．considerable D.charitable 解析：选D　根据上文第二段最后一句以及“I have made it my life ________ to help ... lives through arts.”可知，作者为孩子们筹集资金，并激励更多年轻捐助者参与到拯救生命的活动中，这是慈善性质的(charitable)工作。故选D。 23．A.affects B.embarrasses C．interests D.puzzles 解析：选A　根据下文“I've only just begun to learn how to care about others.”以及语境可知，此处表示发生在每个人身上的事情都会影响(affects)所有人。故选A。 课时作业(二)　 Ⅰ.阅读七选五 (2025·西安模拟)Perseverance is the secret of success. __1__ Even if a person is not very talented, nor highly knowledgeable, but of an average merit (优点), still he can succeed in life simply by his perseverance. Every action has its reaction. So hard labour has no alternative. It must yield (产生) results. A person who is highly intelligent, and a scholarly genius, but is lethargic (懒散的) by nature, and reluctant to diligence, can hardly prosper in life, because he does not know how to use his brain and labour in the right direction.__2__ Say, the lofty monuments, the palaces, the cities, the buildings etc. — all were built only by long and hard labour. “Rome was not built in a day”. It is through perseverance of thousands of diligent men that such magnificent structures can be standing. __3__ Science, architecture, literature, music — in every aspect of life — perseverance is the root cause of success and glory. Shakespeare did not compose such substantial works just in a day. He had to work hard during days and nights with tremendous perseverance to create such great masterpieces. Modern scientists also work hard for years to succeed.__4__ If one looks at his own life, he can very well understand that whatever he has so far gained, he has gained it only by his hard labour, and not by chance or magic, or by someone's grace. Therefore, perseverance must be practised from the very childhood so that the noble habit becomes a part and parcel of one's life. With that great advantage or goodwill, a man can walk easily on the risky road of his life's journey.__5__ A．It is crucial to keep growing. B．And success will likely be his and his only. C．Without it, no great achievement is possible. D．Nothing can stop them from achieving their goals. E．In human life, perseverance plays a very important role. F．They carry on their experiments day and night for years together. G．In this world, all the great things have been made or constructed only by perseverance. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章强调了毅力对于个人成功的重要性。 1．选C　根据空前的“Perseverance is the secret of success.”和空后的“Even if a person ... by his perseverance.”可知，此处需要一个句子来补充说明毅力的重要性。C项“没有它，就不可能有伟大的成就。”直接指出了没有毅力就不可能取得伟大的成就，符合上下文语境。it指代上文中的Perseverance。 2．选G　根据空后的“Say, the lofty monuments, the palaces, the cities, the buildings etc. — all were built only by long and hard labour. ‘Rome was not built in a day’．”可知，下文通过举例说明世界上所有伟大的事物都是通过长期的辛勤劳动和毅力建造的。G项“在这个世界上，所有伟大的事物都是靠毅力创造或建造的。”强调了所有伟大事物的建立都需要毅力，与下文内容相一致。 3．选E　设空位于本段段首。根据空后“Science, architecture, literature, music — in every aspect of life — perseverance is the root cause of success and glory.”可知，本段强调了无论在哪个领域，无论是科学、建筑、文学还是音乐，毅力都是成功和荣耀的根本原因。因此，E项“在人类生活中，毅力起着非常重要的作用。”符合该段的主题，强调了毅力在各个领域中的重要性。 4．选F　根据上文“Modern scientists also work hard for years to succeed.”可知，现代科学家需要多年的辛勤工作才能成功。空后的句子“ If one looks at ... by someone's grace.”则强调了成功是通过努力而不是偶然获得的。因此，F项“多年来，他们夜以继日地一起进行实验。”衔接上下文，描述了科学家为了成功而付出的努力。F项中的 They指代上文的Modern scientists。 5．选B　设空处在段尾，此处需要一个句子作为段落的总结，强调毅力对个人成功的影响。B项“成功很可能是他唯一的。”强调了毅力是个人成功的关键，这与上文提到的“With that great advantage or goodwill, a man can walk easily on the risky road of his life's journey. ”相呼应。 Ⅱ.语法填空 (2025·南昌模拟)As one of the most populous nations in the world with an ancient history, China has always attracted foreigners. Even though it is a __1__ (rise) political and economic power, China still has an extensive need of volunteers in its poorer areas. From either volunteering in a hospital __2__ teaching English, to working in a Panda conservatory, volunteering in China will allow you to get involved in __3__ (meaning) ways while learning about Chinese culture. It's an exciting and __4__ (personal) inspiring experience and results in more active global citizens. I used to have a strong __5__ (curious) about how Chinese students study in real life. Luckily, last year I __6__ (give) a voluntary chance and went to a Chinese school in a small city in Yunnan, __7__ I felt and listened to their school life in person. This was __8__ extremely impressive experience. I made a lot of foreign friends there and learned Mandarin from them. We really had a good time there. I strongly suggest that teens all should go abroad to see their peers' life. They'll find later that this __9__ (shape) their ways of thinking and doing.__10__ all aspects I think this program is definitely worth a try. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者来到中国云南的一座城市当志愿者的经历和感悟。 1．rising　考查非谓语动词。设空处在句中为非谓语动词，作定语修饰名词power, power与动词rise之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，表示“正在崛起”，应用现在分词，故填rising。 2．or　考查连词。由空前的either 可知，设空处应填并列连词or。 3．meaningful　考查形容词。设空处在句中作定语，修饰名词ways，应用形容词，故填meaningful。 4．personally　考查副词。设空处在句中作状语，修饰形容词inspiring，应用副词形式，故填personally。 5．curiosity　考查名词。短语have a strong curiosity about sth.意为“对某事有强烈的好奇心”，故填curiosity。 6．was given　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。设空处在句中作谓语动词，由时间状语“last year”可知，时态为一般过去时，且单数主语I与动词give之间为被动关系。故填was given。 7．where　考查定语从句。句子分析可知，“______ I felt and listened to their school life in person”为非限制性定语从句，设空处指代先行词a small city in Yunnan，在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where。 8．an　考查冠词。句中experience表示“经历”，为可数名词，此处指“一次经历”，表示泛指。空后extremely的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。 9．will shape　考查时态。设空处在that引导的宾语从句中作谓语动词，由主句中“They'll find”可知，从句为一般将来时，故填will shape。 10．In　考查介词。in all aspects 表示“在各个方面”。设空处置于句首，首字母大写。故填In。 Ⅲ.读后续写 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Alice and her family went on a camping trip along the seaside.Upon arrival, Dad called for a meeting.He announced, “There are lots of jobs to be done.It's no fun on holiday if Mum and I do all the work, so I come up with this pocket money chart.In this way, everyone has to do something, and you must do your own jobs every day! If you do your jobs well, you get some extra pocket money！” Looking at the chart, which had their names on it next to a list of jobs, the kids frowned at the idea. Unwillingly, they began to do their jobs.Alice washed up the dishes.Mike, the youngest brother, dried the dishes.Jeff, Alice's twin brother, took their dog for a walk. The next day they went to the beach.After playing some time in the sea, they went to look for shells along the beach.Suddenly, Alice found a strange-looking rock.She picked it up and showed it to Dad. “You've found a fossil (化石)! It was once a shellfish and has turned into a rock after millions of years！” Dad said happily. Greatly inspired, Alice continued her search, determined to find a better one, but she failed. Darkness fell, and Alice had to head back to the campsite with her family in disappointment.On the way back they stopped at a shop, where Alice spotted some amazing fossils! But soon she found they were too expensive! Back at the camp, Alice was still thinking of the amazing fossils in the shop. Suddenly an idea occurred to her, “I'll do everyone's jobs and then I can get all the extra pocket money to buy a fossil！” The next morning, Alice offered to dry the dishes and walk the dog, which greatly pleased Mike and Jeff.But things didn't go as Alice planned. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 When Dad saw Alice walking the dog, he was confused.　 Later that morning, Mike and Jeff approached Alice when they found she was unhappy.　 参考范文： When Dad saw Alice walking the dog, he was confused.Obviously, he was not happy about this.When Alice came back, Dad asked why she was doing Jeff's job.Alice said very slowly, “I ...I just want to earn all the extra pocket money to buy that fossil in the shop.” “I'm sorry, Alice. I'm afraid you can't.You all have to do the jobs — not just you.The point is that we share the jobs.” Dad said firmly. Hearing what Dad said, Alice felt disappointed and sad. She thought it was unfair that Dad didn't think highly of her hard work. Later that morning, Mike and Jeff approached Alice when they found she was unhappy.They presented a small box and urged her to open it. Alice had no idea what was going on, but seeing her two brothers' eyes twinkling with eagerness, she opened it.The moment she saw what was inside, Alice jumped up with joy. It was her brothers' extra pocket money, with which she could afford one of the fossils she dreamed about! She threw her arms around her brothers, tears welling up in her eyes. Jeff said, “Dad told us your plan.” It dawned on Alice that Dad was trying to tell her that rules are rules but love between family members never fails. |背|单|词| 一、阅读单词(明其义) 1．chip n． (英)炸土豆条；(美)炸薯片；芯片；碎片 2．cheese n．　　　 干酪；奶酪 3．ethnic adj. 具有民族特色的；异国风味的； 民族的；种族的 4．district n． 地区；区域 5．comic n． 连环画杂志；漫画杂志；喜剧演员 adj. 滑稽的；使人发笑的 6．china n． 瓷；瓷器 7．jazz n． 爵士乐 8．bar n． 酒吧；小吃店；小馆子 9．jeans n． 牛仔裤 10．boot n． 靴子 11．mushroom n． 蘑菇；蕈 12．accessory n． 配饰；附件；配件 13．souvenir n． 纪念物；纪念品 14．item n． 项目；一件商品(或物品)；一条(新闻) 15．neat adj. 极好的；整洁的；整齐的 二、核心单词(书写准) 1．downtown adv.　　 在市中心；往市中心 2．mission n． 传教(区)；重要任务；使命 3．afterwards adv. 以后；后来 4．seek vt.& vi. 寻找；寻求；争取；(向人)请求 5．diagram n． 简图；图解；图表；示意图 6．journal n． 日志；日记；报纸；刊物 7．claim vt.& n． 夺取(生命)；宣称；断言 8．series n． 一系列；连续；接连 9．escape vi.& vt. 逃走；逃脱；避开 n． 逃跑；逃脱；解脱 10．fold vt. 包；裹；折叠 vt.& vi. (可)折小；(可)叠平 11．super adv. 特别；格外 adj. 顶好的；超级的 12．climate n． 气候 13．mild adj. 温和的；和善的；轻微的 14．material n． 材料；布料；素材 adj. 物质的；实际的 三、变形单词(晓其变) 1．diverse adj.　　 不同的；多种多样的 diversityn .差异(性)；不同(点)；多样性 2．fortunen. 机会；运气 fortunateadj. 幸运的；吉利的 3．spicen. 香料v.加香料 spicyadj. 加有香料的；辛辣的 4．admitvi.& vt. 承认vt.准许进入(或加入) admissionn. 准许进入；入场费；承认 5．definiteadj. 明确的；无疑的 indefiniteadj. 不明确的；不确定的 definitelyadv. 肯定；确实 6．occurvi. 发生；出现 occurrencen. 发生 7．historyn. 历史 historicaladj. (有关)历史的 historicadj. 有历史意义的；历史性的 8．earnvt.& vi. 挣得；赚得；赢得；博得 earningsn. 收入 9．immigratev. 移民；移居 immigration n. 移民人数；移居 immigrantn. (外来)移民；外侨 10．selectvt. 选择；挑选；选拔 selectionn. 选择 11．minoradj. 少数的 minorityn. 少数民族；少数派；少数人 12．financen. 财政；金融 financialadj. 财政的；财务的；金融的 13．poetn. 诗人 poemn. 诗；诗歌 poetryn. 诗集；诗歌；诗作 14．poisonn. 毒物；毒药；毒素vt.毒死；毒害 poisonousadj. 引起中毒的；有毒的；分泌毒素的 15．collectv. 收集；收藏 collectionn. 作品集；收集物；收藏品 collectiveadj. 集体的；共同的 16．percentn. 百分之…… adj.& adv.每一百中 percentage n. 百分率；百分比 17．settlevt.& vi. 定居；结束(争论)；解决(纠纷) settlement n. 解决；定居点；协议 18．constructvt. 建设；修建 construction n. 建筑；建造；建造物；结构 19．clothn. 布 clothesn. 衣服 clothingn. 衣服；服装 20．herbn. 药草；香草 herbaladj. 药草的；香草的 21．suit vt. 适合；满足……需要；相配； 合身n.西服；套装 suitableadj. 合适的 22．containvt. 包含；含有；容纳 containern. 容器；集装箱 四、同“族”词汇(巧积累) 1．合“二”为“一”　 ①afterwards　　　　　 以后；后来 ②therefore 因此；所以 ③meanwhile 同时；其间 ④otherwise 否则；不然 ⑤nevertheless 然而；不过 2．“温和”品质　 ①mild adj. 温和的；和善的；轻微的 ②gentle adj. 温和的；温柔的 ③soft adj. 柔软的；柔和的 ④tender adj. 温柔的；亲切的 ⑤moderate adj. 适度的；温和的 |背|短|语| 1．head to　　　　　　 (朝……)前进；(向……)去 2．seek one's fortune 寻找成功致富之路；闯世界 3．earn a living 谋生 4．bring about 导致；引起 5．series of 一系列或一连串(事件) 6．apart from 除了……外(还)；此外 7．turn into 变成；成为 8．to name but a few 仅举几例 9．(at) first hand 第一手；亲自 |背|佳|句| 一、背教材原句，学高级句式 1．However, some survived these terrible times, and today there are more Native Americans living in California than in any other state of America.(There be sb./sth. doing sth.) 然而，有些人挺过了这段可怕的时期，如今居住在加州的印第安人比居住在美国其他任何一个州的都多。 2．What started as a residential area for Chinese immigrants then turned into a centre for Chinese culture.(what引导的名词性从句) 这里原本是中国移民的居住地，后来变成一个中国文化中心。 3．The majority of residents in Chinatown are still ethnic Chinese，many of whom do not speak English fluently.(“代词＋of＋关系代词”引导的定语从句) 如今唐人街的绝大多数居民依旧是华人，他们中很多人英语说得并不流利。 二、背主题佳句，学出彩表达 单元主题：多元文化 1．Through the cultural exchange activity, we exchanged views with each other on cultural shock. 通过这次文化交流活动，我们互相就文化冲击交流了看法。 2．Not only did the festival immerse us in diverse cultures, but it also resulted in mutual understanding and friendship. 文化节不仅使我们浸润在不同的文化中，也促进了彼此的理解和友谊。 3．Persisting in inheriting and developing our traditional culture is our bounden responsibility. 坚持继承和发扬我们的传统文化是我们义不容辞的责任。 |背|语|段| 以读促写：形体描写之“手” Suddenly I felt a hand on my arm and then another on my face. I tried reaching for my box of matches, and grabbed it just in time, for someone was trying to take it out of my pocket. From every direction came these disgusting creatures, pulling at my hair and my clothing. Because I could not get hold of the matches firmly, I shouted as loud as I could. 突然我感到手臂上有一只手，脸上又有一只手，我试图伸手去拿火柴盒，并及时握住它，因为有人想从我的口袋里夺走。从四面八方来的这些令人厌恶的东西，拉我的头发，扯我的衣服。因为我不能紧紧地抓住火柴，所以我拼命地大喊大叫。 高分悟道 本段中的“felt a hand on my arm, take ...out of ..., pulling at”具体生动地描写了作者在黑暗中所面临的令人紧张害怕的画面；“reaching for, grabbed, not get hold of”则通过手部动作描写表达了作者从镇静到慌乱的心理变化。 高分有招 常见的与“手”相关的高分词块有： wave one's hand　　　　挥舞着手 bury one's head in one's hands　双手抱头 hold one's hands给某人支持 on the other hand另一方面 trembling hands颤抖的双手 一、默写核心单词 1．a boxing gym_downtown　 市中心的一家拳击馆 2．make it a mission 把它当作一项任务 3．meet him afterwards 以后和他见面 4．seek a solution for 寻求解决……的办法 5．in the diagram below 在下面的图表中 6．put my journal away 收好我的刊物 7．claim a major breakthrough 宣称一项重大突破 8．a series_of pictures 一系列画 9．a narrow escape 死里逃生 10．fold_ up the quilt 叠被子 11．a super meal 一顿大餐 12．climate change 气候变化 13．in a mild tone 用一种温柔的语气 14．accumulate the material 积累材料 二、默写变形单词 (依据语境提示在横线上写出单词的正确形式) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 三、默写重点短语 1．head_to　　　　　　 (朝……)前进；(向……)去 2．seek_one's_fortune 寻找成功致富之路；闯世界 3．earn_a_living 谋生 4．bring_about 导致；引起 5．series_of 一系列或一连串(事件) 6．apart_from 除了……外(还)；此外 7．turn_into 变成；成为 8．to_name_but_a_few 仅举几例 9．(at)_first_hand 第一手；亲自 四、默写经典句式(完成句子) 1．However, some survived these terrible times, and today there_are_more_Native_Americans_living in California than in any other state of America. 然而，有些人挺过了这段可怕的时期，如今居住在加州的印第安人比居住在美国其他任何一个州的都多。 2．What_started_as_a_residential_area_for_Chinese_immigrants then turned into a centre for Chinese culture. 这里原本是中国移民的居住地，后来变成一个中国文化中心。 3．The majority of residents in Chinatown are still ethnic Chinese, many_of_whom_do_not_speak_English_fluently. 如今唐人街的绝大多数居民依旧是华人，他们中很多人英语说得并不流利。 登录一帆云教育 课前爬黑板 检测单元语言点的掌握程度 一、变形词汇——练清易错微点　 1．Plastic will give off poisonous (poison) gases when burned. 2．He didn't want to bother her with his financial (finance) problems on their honeymoon. 3．Historical (history) buildings are both attractive and important, and they are valuable property to the city. 4．My boss handed me an envelope, which definitely (definite) added to my anxiety at that moment. 5．In this meeting, only a minority (minor) of people are in favour of the plan. 6．The children will be off to Nanjing to take part in the poetry (poet) competition tomorrow. 7．The only hobby I had was to lose myself in the small collection (collect) of books my father had left us. 8．I tried to open the front door of the house, but some construction (construct) material had fallen across the door. 易错微点 1．minority 表示“少数”时，为集合名词；单独用作主语时，如果强调整体，谓语动词用单数形式；如果强调个体，谓语动词用复数形式。 具体用法与 majority大致相同。 2．poetry的基本意思是“诗(总称)”，是不可数名词，也可作“诗歌的体裁；情意；诗情”解。 3．construction为名词，其含义有“建筑；建造；建造物；结构”，此处construction material意为“建筑材料”。 二、重点词汇——练后拓展归纳　 1．fortune n．机会；运气；命运；大笔的钱 (人物介绍)John's hard work and determination allowed him to ①make_his_fortune in the business world. He ②sought_his_fortune by starting his own company and taking calculated risks. He ③was_fortunate_to have supportive mentors and a strong network. ④Fortunately,_his efforts paid off, and he achieved great success in his career.(补全语段) 约翰的勤奋和决心使他在商业界发了财。他通过创办自己的公司并且甘心冒险闯世界。他有幸拥有支持他的导师和强大的人脉。幸运的是，他的努力得到了回报，而且他在事业上取得了巨大的成功。 (1)try/seek one's fortune 碰运气；闯世界 make a/one's fortune 发财 (2)fortunate adj. 幸运的 be fortunate to do sth. 有幸做某事 (3)fortunately adv. 幸运地 2．admit vi.& vt.承认vt.准许进入(或加入) ①It is said that admission (admit) to the concert is ￡5 and as a result, I determine to enjoy it. ②Afterwards, he had to admit putting/having_put (put) some mushrooms in the soup. ③(祝贺信)Learning that you have_been_admitted_into/to Peking University, I am writing to offer my sincere congratulations to you. 得知你已被北京大学录取，我写信真诚地祝贺你。 ④(活动介绍)The upcoming Chinese speech contest is_admitted_to_be_a_good_chance for foreigners to improve their oral Chinese. 即将到来的汉语演讲比赛被认为是外国人提高汉语口语的一个好机会。 (1)admit that ... 承认…… admit ... to be ... 承认……为/是…… admit doing/having done sth. 承认做过某事 (2)be admitted into/to 被录取；被录用 be admitted to hospital　 住院 (3)admission n． 准许进入；承认；入场费 3．occur vi.发生；出现 ①It never occurred to me that the basketball team of my school should have been defeated in the final. ②Earthquakes are an unusual occurrence (occur) in England but are not totally unknown. ③(一句多译)他突然想到Bernard可以通过卖爆米花赚钱。 →An idea occurred_to/hit/struck_him_that Bernard could make some money by selling popcorn. →It occurred_to/hit/struck_him_that Bernard could make some money by selling popcorn. (1)sth. occurs to sb.　 某人突然想到某事 It occurs to sb. that ... 某人突然想到…… It occurs to sb. to do sth. 某人突然想到做某事 (2)occurrence n． 发生；出现 名师指津：(1)occur没有被动语态，不用于进行时。occur作谓语时，不能用人作主语。 (2)表示“某人突然想到……”的常用句型还有：It strikes/hits sb. that ...等。 4．escape vi.& vt.逃走；逃脱；避开vt.被忘掉；被忽视n.逃跑；逃脱；解脱 ①They never escape taking (take) the responsibility for their own behavior. ②(神态描写)The woman managed to_escape_from_the_fire with her baby, extremely terrified and exhausted. 这名妇女带着她的孩子成功地从火中逃了出来，她极度恐惧和疲惫。 ③At last, we had_a_narrow_escape,_fortunately escaping_being_hurt_by the hungry polar bear. 最后，我们九死一生，幸运地没有被那头饥饿的北极熊伤害到。 (1)escape from　　 从……逃脱；从……逃跑 escape (doing) sth. 避开(做)某事 escape being done sth. 逃避(被)做某事 (2)a narrow escape 死里逃生 三、重点短语——练后查找疏漏　 bring about导致；引起 　(用bring的相关短语填空) ①It is reported that the terrible accident was brought_about by John's carelessness. ②The Smith are admired for the way they bring_up their children. ③The government has taken measures to bring_down the high prices. ④The kindness of the family brought_back my faith in humanity and I would try to bring warmth to others in the future. bring up　 抚养；培养；教育；提出；呕吐 bring in 引进；获利；赚钱 bring out 出版；使显现；使表现出 bring down 使倒下；减少；降低 bring back 把……带回来；使回忆起；使恢复 四、一词多义——语境中辨词义(对应右栏词义填代码)　 1.①Both sides committed themselves to settling the dispute peacefully.__B__ ②With no one living in it for weeks, dust has settled on everything in the house.__E__ ③I tried to settle the crying baby down, but in vain.__D__ ④It's all settled — we're leaving on the nine o'clock plane.__C__ ⑤Luo Yan and his wife and son have settled in the big city, far away from their hometown.__A__ 1.settle A．v.定居；安顿 B．v.解决 C．v.最终确定 D．v.使平静下来；安静下来 E．v.降落；停留 2.①You can claim your money back if the goods are damaged.__B__ ②If the owner doesn't claim the dog in 48 hours，you can apply for adoption.__D__ ③Heart disease is the biggest killer, claiming 180,000 lives per year.__E__ ④The company claims that their product can make you slim without dieting.__A__ ⑤He repeatedly pushed forward his own claim.__C__ 2.claim A．vt.宣称 B．vt.索回 C．n.要求 D．vt.认领 E．vt.夺走 登录一帆云教育 随堂语篇综合训练 　　 说明：文中加黑词汇为本单元主题词汇 (2022·全国甲卷·阅读理解D篇)Sometime in the early 1960s, a significant thing happened in Sydney, Australia. The city discovered its harbor. Then, one after another, Sydney discovered lots of things that were just sort of there — broad parks, superb beaches, and a culturally diverse population. But it is the harbor that makes the city. Andrew Reynolds, a cheerful fellow in his early 30s, pilots Sydney ferryboats for a living. I spent the whole morning shuttling back and forth across the harbor. After our third run Andrew shut down the engine, and we went our separate ways — he for a lunch break, I to explore the city. “I'll miss these old boats，” he said as we parted. “How do you mean？” I asked. “Oh, they're replacing them with catamarans. Catamarans are faster, but they're not so elegant, and they're not fun to pilot. But that's progress, I guess.” Everywhere in Sydney these days, change and progress are the watchwords (口号), and traditions are increasingly rare. Shirley Fitzgerald, the city's official historian, told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s, Sydney swept aside much of its past, including many of its finest buildings.“Sydney is confused about itself，” she said.“We can't seem to make up our minds whether we want a modern city or a traditional one. It's a conflict that we aren't getting any better at resolving (解决)．” On the other hand, being young and old at the same time has its attractions. I considered this when I met a thoughtful young businessman named Anthony. “Many people say that we lack culture in this country，” he told me. “What people forget is that the Italians, when they came to Australia, brought 2,000 years of their culture, the Greeks some 3,000 years, and the Chinese more still. We've got a foundation built on ancient cultures but with a drive and dynamism of a young country. It's a pretty hard combination to beat.” He is right, but I can't help wishing they would keep those old ferries. [真题评价] [价值导向]　本文是一篇议论文。文章介绍了悉尼发生着日新月异的变化，这对传统形成冲击，一些传统事物正逐渐被新兴事物所取代。作者通过陈述不同人的观点讨论了悉尼在发展的过程中是否应该摒弃一些旧的传统，旨在培养学生用审辩式思维来看待身边的各种变化。 1．What is the first paragraph mainly about? A．Sydney's striking architecture. B．The cultural diversity of Sydney. C．The key to Sydney's development. D．Sydney's tourist attractions in the 1960s. 解析：选C　段落大意题。根据第一段的前两句“Sometime in the early 1960s, a significant thing happened in Sydney, Australia. The city discovered its harbor.”以及最后一句“But it is the harbor that makes the city.”可知，正是海港造就了悉尼。因此本段主要讲述的是海港是悉尼发展的关键。故选C。 2．What can we learn about Andrew Reynolds? A．He goes to work by boat. B．He looks forward to a new life. C．He pilots catamarans well. D．He is attached to the old ferries. 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“I'll miss these old boats”以及第五段中的“Oh, they're replacing them with catamarans. Catamarans are faster, but they're not so elegant, and they're not fun to pilot.”可知，Andrew Reynolds并不希望渡船被双体船取代，所以可推知，Andrew Reynolds喜欢老式渡船。故选D。 3．What does Shirley Fitzgerald think of Sydney? A．It is losing its traditions. B．It should speed up its progress. C．It should expand its population. D．It is becoming more international. 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第六段第一句以及“... told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s, Sydney swept aside much of its past, including many of its finest buildings”可知，Shirley Fitzgerald认为悉尼匆忙奔向现代化，使得它正在失去原本的传统。故选A。 4．Which statement will the author probably agree with? A．A city can be young and old at the same time. B．A city built on ancient cultures is more dynamic. C．Modernity is usually achieved at the cost of elegance. D．Compromise should be made between the local and the foreign. 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的第一句“On the other hand, being young and old at the same time has its attractions.”可知，一座兼具新旧的城市有其魅力。再结合倒数第二段中的“We've got a foundation ... to beat.”和最后一段中的“He is right”可推断出，作者赞同Anthony的观点，认为一座城市年轻和古老可以并存。故选A。 [语篇精读] 一、理文脉，把握文章大意 本文是一篇议论文，采用了“提问—回答”型的语篇模式，语篇结构为“总—分—总”。 二、拓词汇，厚积语基语料 1．因境辨义(写出下列黑体词在文中的词性及含义) ①(一词多义)Andrew Reynolds, a cheerful fellow in his early 30s, pilots Sydney ferryboats for a living.v.领航；驾驶 ②(熟词生义)After our third run Andrew shut down the engine, and we went our separate ways — he for a lunch break, I to explore the city.n.航行；n.间歇 ③(熟词生义)We've got a foundation built on ancient cultures but with a drive and dynamism of a young country.It's a pretty hard combination to beat.n.冲劲；干劲 2．词块积累(写出下列词块在文中的汉语意思) ①sort of　　　　　　　　 有几分；有点 ②shuttle back and forth 来回穿梭 ③shut down 关闭 ④sweep aside 不予理会；放到一边 ⑤be confused about 对……感到困惑 ⑥can't help doing sth. 禁不住做某事 三、析难句，破解阅读障碍 1．Shirley Fitzgerald, the city's official historian, told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s, Sydney swept aside much of its past, including many of its finest buildings. 抓标志：连接词that 判类型：复合句(含有一个宾语从句) 试翻译：悉尼的官方历史学家雪莉·菲茨杰拉德告诉我，20世纪70年代悉尼在奔向现代化的过程中，摒弃了许多过去的东西，包括许多精美建筑。 2．What people forget is that the Italians, when they came to Australia, brought 2,000 years of their culture, the Greeks some 3,000 years, and the Chinese more still. 抓标志：连接词what；连接词that；从属连词when 判类型：主语从句＋表语从句(含有一个时间状语从句) 试翻译：人们忘记的是，当意大利人来到澳大利亚时，他们带来了2 000年的文化，希腊人带来了大约3 000年的文化，而中国人(带来的文化)更多。 登录一帆云教育 名师析题 发掘真题背后的“故事” 由教材典句，学高级表达　 “不定代词/数词/名词/形容词的最高级＋of＋关系代词”引导的定语从句 |解|读|规|则| (1)常见形式：most/both/all/none/some/several/a few/many/more/the largest/...of which/whom。 (2)关系代词：指人时用whom，指物时用which。 (3)“the＋n.＋of＋which”结构一般可以与“whose＋n.”互换。 |习|练|规|则|　(变换句式) ①The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors, and most of them are beyond our control. →The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors, most_of_which_are beyond our control. ②There are one hundred people present at the meeting, and thirty of them are foreigners. →There are one hundred people present at the meeting, thirty_of_whom_are foreigners. ③I have made friends with the exchange students in our school, and many of them often have a heart-to-heart talk with me. →I have made friends with the exchange students in our school, many_of_whom_often_have a heart-to-heart talk with me. |应|用|写|美| ④(活动介绍)我们学校将组织两条到北京的旅游线路，这两条线路都非常迷人。 Our school will organize two travel routes to Beijing, both_of_which_are_more_than_fascinating. ⑤(环境描写)风景如画的村庄坐落在山谷中，周围是郁郁葱葱的青山，大部分都被鲜艳的野花覆盖，创造出令人叹为观止的美景。 The picturesque village is located in a valley surrounded by lush green mountains，most_of_which_are_covered_with_bright_wildflowers,_creating breathtaking scenery. ⑥(活动介绍)来自不同年级的老师和学生也加入了进来，尽管天气炎热，道路崎岖，他们都成功地到达了目的地。 Joining in it were teachers and students from different grades，all_of_whom_made_it_to the destination successfully despite the burning heat and the rough road. 建构语义场，丰富语料库　 子语境(一)　传统文化 1．Confucius and Confucianism　　 孔子与儒家思想 2．traditional Chinese herbal medicine 传统中草药 3．carry forward national culture 弘扬民族文化 4．appreciate traditional Chinese culture 欣赏中国传统文化 5．The traditional dance of China's ethnic minorities is lively and expressive, often performed during festivals and celebrations. 中国少数民族的传统舞蹈生动活泼，富有表现力，经常在节日和庆典期间上演。 6．The activity mainly consists of three parts：listening to the lecture, discussion and Confucius classics recitation. 本次活动主要由听讲座、讨论和诵读孔子经典三部分组成。 子语境(二)　饮食文化 1．diverse cuisine　　　　　　 多样的美食 2．culinary traditions 烹饪传统 3．food preferences 饮食偏好 4．experience a real taste of China 体验到正宗的中国味 5．The traditional Chinese diet culture emphasizes balance, variety, and moderation. 中国传统饮食文化强调均衡、多样化和适度。 6．The diversity of cuisine reflects the rich cultural heritage of a country. 饮食的多样性反映了一个国家丰富的文化遗产。 子语境(三)　文化特色 1．be fascinated by　　 　　 喜欢 2．be of great importance 非常重要 3．a centre for art, music, and food 艺术、音乐和美食中心 4．offer a unique range of souvenirs, goods, and clothing 出售各式特色纪念品、货物和衣服 5．As a tourist city, Xi'an has many famous historic spots. 作为一个旅游城市，西安有许多著名的历史景点。 6．Among them, Teng Wang Pavilion, famous since the Tang Dynasty, is a must-see. 其中，自唐朝以来就闻名的滕王阁是必看的景点。 子语境(四)　多元文化 1．real mix of cultures　　　　 真正的文化融合 2．experience authentic France culture 感受真正的法国文化 3．the historical changes 历史变迁 4．include lots of Chinese architecture 融入诸多中国建筑风格 5．bring about a sense of unity 带来一种团结的感觉 6．have a better understanding of 对……有更好的理解 7．The Chinatown in San Francisco is the biggest in America, and also the oldest. It is a very popular tourist draw that receives more visitors each year than even the Golden Gate Bridge. 旧金山的唐人街在全美规模最大、历史最为悠久，是一个炙手可热的旅游景点，每年接待的游客甚至比金门大桥还多。 8．These days, the Garden Corner Square is a great place for visitors to see traditional Chinese culture in real life, such as games of Chinese chess, and people practising tai chi. 如今，花园角广场已经成为游客的一个好去处，可以欣赏现实生活里的中国传统文化，如中国象棋和打太极拳的人们。 登录一帆云教育 师生共育主题词汇树、共绘“词云图” 主题微写作，勤练笔不辍　 (一)应用单元所学补全语段(黑体字为单元词汇的复现) The first Traditional Chinese Cultural Festival Last Sunday, our school held “The First Traditional Chinese Cultural Festival” in the school art gallery, aiming to raise students' awareness of ①appreciating_traditional_Chinese_culture(欣赏中国传统文化)． First of all, many traditional Chinese art works ②were selected for exhibition (入选参展), including Chinese paintings and calligraphy, ③to_name_but_a_few(仅举几例). Besides, there were famous artists to show how to make fantastic paper-cutting works. Through the activity, students can not only ④have_a_better_understanding_of (对……有更好的理解) traditional Chinese culture but also ⑤experience it first hand (亲身体验). Some exchange students even fell in love with traditional Chinese culture at first sight! (二)对标单元主题创写语段 我一直对法国文化充满向往，努力学习法语和法国知识。梦想有一天能亲身感受。机会终于来临，学校有去法国做交换生的名额，我积极准备，凭借优异表现获得了资格。请你根据所给首句提示，写一个片段，描写我得知被选为法国交换生后的感受、学习经历及对结束这次法国之行的不舍之情。注意要有神态描写和心理描写。 I still remember the time when I was fortunate to be selected as an exchange student in this country. 　 参考范文： I still remember the time when I was fortunate to be selected as an exchange student in this country.When getting the news，I was close to tears.In France, I had a very pleasant time, experiencing authentic France culture first hand and making a lot of great friends.However, as the saying goes, all good things come to an end.Even so, when I thought about the moment，tears would roll down my cheeks.When the day really came，I almost broke down.Eyes watery，I finally picked up myself, gathered my courage and determined to say goodbye to all my friends in Paris. 课时作业(一)　 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A A group of Chinese language students from Spain visited Malta for three days.They had a chance to enjoy themselves in the amazing Chinese cultural experiences there. At the Confucius Institute of the University of Malta on Saturday, the students from the Official School of Languages were attracted by traditional Chinese flute (长笛) performances, and Chinese tea making.Each of them was photographed trying on Hanfu, a form of traditional Chinese clothing.Despite their age differences, they all proved their dexterity (灵巧) at traditional Chinese works such as paper-cutting and knot-weaving.Maria Nieves, a group member, expressed her strong interest in Chinese culture, after two years of learning the language.“Despite the challenges, Ch$$