公开课 定语从句 导学案-2026届高三英语一轮复习

高三英语一轮复习：定语从句 Learning objectives： 1.Students will understand the definition and basic structure of attributive clauses. 2.Students will master the usage of relative pronouns(who,whom,whose,which,that,as) and relative adverbs(where,when,why). 3.Cultivate students’ confidence in using complex grammatical structures in English. 一. 高考中定语从句的考查 1. The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species___________ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area. (2022全国卷I) 2. I decided that if I learned of a company __________ used a lot of plastic, I'd send it an email urging it to cut back. (2021全国卷II) 3. They often run at high speeds, ___________ may put our lives in danger. (2022全国乙卷) 4. On the 1,100-kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, __________ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three provinces. (2022全国甲卷) 5. Kim Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a small but growing minority of academics _____ are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change. (2022.01浙江卷) 6. When you sleep, your brain sorts through everything ___________ happened during the day, trying to link new experiences to old memories. (2021北京卷) 7. In the spring, a season ___________ we are learning new rhythms of life，many of us find comfort in the natural world. (2021天津卷) 8. China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot ___________ it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. (2020全国卷I) 9. Thank you for your letter, ___________ really made me happy. (2020全国卷II) 10. In ancient China lived an artist __________ paintings were almost lifelike. (2020全国卷III) 二. 定语从句的定义 （1）定语从句的定义：修饰______________，在句中作__________的从句。 （2）三要素：__________、__________、____________________ （3）分类：________________________和_____________________ （4）两种类型之间的区分点：________________和__________________ 划出下面句子中的先行词，关系词和定语从句。 1. He is an international student who studies in Peking University. 2. Jordan’s skills were impressive, but the mental strength that he showed made him unique.  3. The player who became known as “Air Jordan” changed basketball with his graceful moves and jumps. 4. There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls. 5. Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured. 三. 关系代词和关系副词引导的定语从句 关系词分为关系代词和关系副词。 关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose, as 关系副词：when, where, why 定语从句解题关键：根据先行词和定语从句中所缺成分来判断关系词。 1. This is the girl ____________ helped me yesterday. 2. The man ____________ you shook hands with just now is an advanced worker. 3. The man with ____________ you shook hands just now is an advanced worker. 4. I lost the dictionary ____________ gave me a lot of help. 5. I don't like the film ____________ they talked about yesterday. 6. I don't like the film about ____________ they talked yesterday. 7. What's the name of the boy ____________ father is a railway worker? 8. Tom was late again, ____________ made me very angry. 9. I will never forget the first day ____________ I came to the city. 10. I like the beautiful mountain ____________ we planted many trees. 11. I really don't know the reason ____________ he suddenly fell ill. As引导的定语从句： 1）as引导限制性定语从句：当名词被such，the same，as修饰，后面的定语从句的定语从句由as引导，形成such...as； the same...as；as...as这样的固定结构，译为：“和......一样”。 2) as引导非限制性定语从句：as引导非限制定语从句，往往指代一整句话，可位于句首，句中或句尾，译为：正如... 常见的as引导非限制从句的句型： as+主语+谓语动词 as we know, as you say，as we can see, as you can imagine... as+be+过去分词 as is known, as was mentioned, as has been reported... 12. There is no such place ____________ you dream of in the world. 13. This is the same wallet ____________ I lost. 14. ____________ we know, the moon travels round the earth. 15. Grammar, ____________ has been said before, is not a set of dead rules. 四. that，which引导定语从句的区别 1. 定语从句中用that不用which的情况： (1)先行词被最高级；序数词；the very；the only；the last修饰时。 (2)先行词为all, much,little, none, few, one, something, anything等不定代词或被它们修饰时。 (3)先行词中既有人又有物时。 (4)关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。 (5)当主句中含有疑问词who/which时。 2. 定语从句中用which不用that的情况： (1)介词前置时； (2)非限定性定语从句中； (3)先行词本身是that。 完成下列句子： 1. The first thing ___________ needs to be done is stop worrying. 2. The only thing ___________ we can do is to stay at home. 3. All ___________ can be done has been done. 4. I hope that the little ___________ I've been able to do has been of some use. 5. You can take any seat ___________ is free. 6. He was looking pleasantly at the children and parcels ___________ filled his bus. 7. China is no longer the country ___________ it used to be. 8. Who is the girl ___________ broke the window? 9. Thank you for your letter, ___________ really made me happy. 10. I was given three books on cooking，the first of ___________ I really enjoyed. 五．定语从句解题思路和方法总结 思路：（1）定从句（是否为定语从句）（2）定成分（主宾定状） （3）定关系词（关系代词、关系副词） 方法总结： 限制性定语从句：定从+主+人=who/that 定从+宾+人=who/whom/that/、 定从+主+物=which/that 定从+宾+物=which/that/、 定从+定+人/物=whose/ 定从+地状=where/介词+which 定从+时状=when 定从+原状=why/for which 介词+关代（人）=whom 介词+关代（物）=which 介词+关副（where） 非限制定语从句：非限定从+前句/前句一部分/物=which 非限定从+人=who 非限定从+地状=where/介词+which 非限定从+时状=when 非限定从+原状=why/for which 特殊：（1）只用that不用which （2）只用which不用that 六. 巩固练习 1. The Digital World is a set of volumes _____________ aim to describe how digital systems influence society and help readers understand the nature of digital systems and their many interacting parts. （2020海南卷） 2. Many lessons are now available online, from __________ students can choose for free. （2020江苏卷） 3. The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, formed the core collection of the British Museum ________________ opened in 1759. （2020山东卷） 4. Dr. Rowan, __________ secretary resigned two weeks ago, has had to do all his own typing. (2020天津卷) 5. The students benefiting most from college are those _____________ are totally engaged in academic life, taking full advantage of the colleges chances and resources. (2019北京) 6. If a shop has chairs ______ women can park their men, women will spend more time in the shop.(2019上海) 7. The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister __________ she would stay for an hour. (2019江西) 8. We have entered into an age __________ dreams have the best chance of coming true. (2019江苏卷) 9. The old town has narrow streets and small houses ___________are built close to each other. (2019山东) 10. On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth _____________gives off light in the dark. (2019浙江) 11. He is the man ________________ has offered some useful advice. 12. It is the most interesting book ________________ he has ever read. 13. He is the boy of ________________ we are proud in our school. 14. The building ________________ doors are white is an office building. 15. Anyone ______________ has helped to save the old man is worth praising. 16. Mr Smith, ______________ native language is English, can speak Chinese fluently. 17. We will be shown around the city, schools and some other places, ________ other visitors seldom go. 18. ______________ is known to all, Madame Curie won the Nobel Prize twice for her great scientific discoveries. 19.This is Mr Smith, ______________ I think has something interesting to tell you. 20. He set free the birds happily, ______________ was a celebration of his success. 七．Homework： 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$