课时梯级训练(3)Section Ⅲ Using Language&Other Parts(Word练习)-【优化指导】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第二册（人教版2019）

课时梯级训练(三)　Section Ⅲ　Using Language & Other Parts Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．With the assistance(assist) of the stranger，Richard was ultimately rescued and rushed to hospital. 2．So dark are the shadows(shadow) that a man standing there could not be seen. 3．The company poured a large sum of money into the project. 4．His fear of dogs is_traced (trace) back to a childhood experience. 5．She'd initially(initial) thought of adopting a puppy—until she ran across a post online about a senior dog needing a new home. 6．Relax as much as possible and keep breathing steadily(steady). 7．It demonstrated the brilliance(brilliant) of China's ancient culture. 8．The characters in the book are vividly(vivid) presented. 9．He has many faults(fault)，but cruelty is not one of them. 10．I really appreciate the wonderful works by those gifted(gift) student painters. Ⅱ.赏句猜义 1．It was so cold that the stream had frozen solid. 坚硬的 2．She cast a welcoming smile in his direction. 向……投以(视线/笑容等) 3．We may talk about beautiful things but beauty itself is abstract. 抽象的 4．Lydia shifted uncomfortably in her chair. 挪动 5．How can you defend such behaviour？ 为……辩解 Ⅲ.用本单元所学知识完成句子 1．没有哪个女孩比她在学校和社区里的朋友更多。 No_other_girl_had_more_friends at school and in the neighborhood than her. 2．雪人戴着一顶用黑色的纸做的帽子，围着一条用红色的纸做的围巾。 The snowman wore a_hat_made_of_black_paper and a scarf made_of_red_paper． 3．我们一边做饭一边聊了很多，我感受到了久违的温暖。 We talked a lot while_(we_were)_making_meals and I felt the long­lost warmth. 4．这都是因为他父亲的爱和关心对他产生了很大的影响。 That was all because his Dad's love and care had_a_great_impact_on_him． 5．十八岁的李华蓄势待发，接受挑战。 18­year­old Li Hua was ready to take_on_the_challenge． Ⅳ.阅读理解 (2025·宁德高二检测)After nearly 70 years of space exploration，Earth is now surrounded by space junk.Recently，an accident made the cleanup more difficult to start.According to the European Space Agency(ESA)，scientists plan on testing their “junk truck”，ClearSpace­1，in 2026.It's a spacecraft with four arms that can catch debris(碎片) and bring it back to Earth.They have chosen to bring back Vespa，a 113­kilogram，two­meter­wide rocket part. However，in August 2023，it was hit by another piece of space junk，creating new pieces.The ESA is now revising its cleanup plan.“We must reduce the creation of new space debris and begin to actively reduce the impact of existing objects，” said the agency. Most satellites(卫星) today are sent into Earth's low orbit(离地表较近的轨道)，which reaches up to around 2，000 kilometers above the Earth.There，spacecraft are most likely to crash into each other.There may be as many as 170 million pieces of space junk in orbit，according to the ESA.Big or small，any of the pieces can cause harm to a spacecraft.For example，if an object as large as 10 centimeters crashes into a satellite，the satellite will break apart. In terms of the cleanup，scientists have some other ideas.One popular plan is to send a spacecraft carrying harpoons(鱼叉) and magnets(磁铁).The craft would shoot the harpoon to stick into the debris before “throwing” it back to Earth.Magnets could move the debris，changing its direction.The debris would burn after entering Earth's atmosphere(大气层) so there wouldn't be much left when it reaches Earth.Scientists are also considering shooting lasers(激光) from spacecraft to heat up the debris' surface，creating a small push that would alter the debris' orbit.This change would allow the debris to be captured by Earth's gravity(重力). 1．What is the main goal of the ClearSpace­1 spacecraft? A．To bring Vespa back to Earth. B．To monitor space debris. C．To study the effects of space junk. D．To remove space debris from Earth's orbit. 2．Why is the ESA changing its original cleanup plan? A．They discovered larger space debris. B．They faced technical challenges. C．There was a problem with their original goal. D．There are too many spacecraft in Earth's low orbit. 3．How many pieces of space junk may there be in Earth's low orbit? A．10 million.　　　　　　 B．113 million. C．170 million. D．2 billion. 4．What is one proposed method for cleaning up space debris? A．Capturing debris with magnets. B．Shooting lasers to burn debris. C.Pushing debris away from Earth with new spacecraft. D．Sending a spacecraft with harpoons and magnets. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。经过近70年的太空探索，地球现在被太空垃圾包围。欧洲航天局为了带回太空碎片Vespa，准备发射ClearSpace­1。结果Vespa被撞击形成新碎片，欧洲航天局不得不采取其他方法。 1．A　[解析]细节理解题。根据第一段可知，科学家们计划在2026年测试他们的“垃圾卡车”——ClearSpace­1。它是一种有四个臂的航天器，可以抓住碎片并将其带回地球。他们选择带回Vespa，这是一个重113千克，宽2米的火箭部件。由此可知，ClearSpace­1航天器的主要目标是把Vespa带回地球。故选A。 2．C　[解析]细节理解题。根据第二段可知，2023年8月，Vespa被另一块太空垃圾撞击，形成了新的碎片。欧洲航天局目前正在修改其清理计划。因此，欧洲航天局要改变原来的清理计划是因为最初的目标出现了问题。故选C。 3．C　[解析]细节理解题。根据第三段中的“There may be as many as 170 million pieces of space junk in orbit，according to the ESA.”可知，在地球的低轨道上可能有1.7亿件太空垃圾。故选C。 4．D　[解析]细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“In terms of the cleanup，scientists have some other ideas.One popular plan is to send a spacecraft carrying harpoons and magnets.”可知，清理太空碎片的一个建议方法是发射带有鱼叉和磁铁的宇宙飞船。故选D。 Ⅴ.完形填空 Praise for Pioneers in Science In memory of Marie Curie on her birthday on Saturday，the official website of the Nobel Prize posted a photograph of her notebook saying，“Marie Curie died of aplastic anaemia(再生障碍性贫血) on 4 July 1934，a result of years of exposure to radiation through her work.Even today her laboratory notebook from 18991902 is __1__ and will be for 1，500 years.” The tales of Marie and other scientists of her time are in some sense very __2__． Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen discovered X­ray in 1895.A year later，Antoine Henri Becquerel found that some natural substances __3__ rays，too.Later，Marie and her physicist husband，Pierre Curie，gave it a(n) __4__，radioactivity. However，the__5__ effects of radioactivity were not discovered until decades later.Marie and her __6__ scientists dealt with radioactive substances for decades using little or no protection.Marie's death is a reminder about the risks pioneers in science __7__．It was only after people handling radioactive substances began to get similar __8__ that medical experts asked people to use protection.Today，medical health workers and patients wear heavy protective __9__ during X­rays. It is almost __10__ that those exploring new frontiers for science are exposing themselves to unknown dangers.There is a(n)__11__ for better protection for the pioneers，but that is not possible until the dangers are fully known.For example，the space suits astronauts wear __12__ them against radiation.However，only __13__ will tell if there are some other unknown dangers. The contributions and sacrifices by such pioneers to the field of science are __14__ and deserving of our respect.Because the pioneers not only __15__ new frontiers，but also help us better protect ourselves from unknown surroundings. 1．A.extraordinary　　　 B．radioactive C．protective D．creative 2．A.tragic B．inspirational C．romantic D．meaningful 3．A.blocked B．absorbed C．reflected D．emitted 4．A.privilege B．name C．notice D．identity 5．A.scientific B．novel C．sensitive D．harmful 6．A.contemporary B．conservative C．curious D．cautious 7．A.deliver B．relieve C．undertake D．generate 8．A.rewards B．warnings C．diseases D．titles 9．A.glasses B．gloves C．shoes D．covers 10．A.odd B．inevitable C．critical D．intimidating 11．A.focus B．evolution C．demand D．breakthrough 12．A.protect B．fight C．warn D．forbid 13．A.space B．time C．technology D．history 14．A.unmatched B．uplifting C．glorious D．concrete 15．A.extend B．proceed C．mount D．explore 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了著名科学家玛丽·居里夫人及其他科学先驱者在科学领域所作的贡献和牺牲。 1．B　[解析]根据上文“Marie Curie died of aplastic anaemia on 4 July 1934，a result of years of exposure to radiation through her work.”可知，即使在今天，她的实验室笔记本仍具有放射性。故选B。 2．A　[解析]根据上文“Marie Curie died of aplastic anaemia on 4 July 1934，a result of years of exposure to radiation through her work.”可知，玛丽和她同时代的其他科学家虽然为科学作出了巨大贡献，但是结局却很悲惨。故选A。 3．D　[解析]根据空后的rays可知，此处指发出射线。故选D。 4．B　[解析]根据空后的radioactivity可知，此处指起了一个名字。故选B。 5．D　[解析]根据上文“Marie Curie died of aplastic anaemia on 4 July 1934，a result of years of exposure to radiation through her work.”可知，放射性会产生有害的影响。故选D。 6．A　[解析]根据语境可知，此处指和玛丽同时代的科学家们。故选A。 7．C　[解析]根据上文the risks pioneers in science可知，此处指科学先驱所承担的风险。故选C。 8．C　[解析]根据空前的get similar及空后that medical experts asked people to use protection可知，接触放射性物质的人开始患上类似居里夫人所患的疾病。故选C。 9．D　[解析]根据常识可知，医护人员和病人在做X光检查时都要戴上厚厚的防护罩。故选D。 10．B　[解析]根据下文“There is a(n)__11__ for better protection for the pioneers，but that is not possible until the dangers are fully known.”及常识可知，探索新领域时，科研人员将自己暴露在未知的危险中几乎是不可避免的。故选B。 11．C　[解析]根据空后for better protection for the pioneers可知，有人要求对先驱者进行更好的保护。故选C。 12．A　[解析]根据空后against radiation可知，此处指保护宇航员免受辐射。故选A。 13．B　[解析]根据上文“However，the __5__ effects of radioactivity were not discovered until decades later.”可知，只有时间才能证明是否还有其他未知的危险。故选B。 14．A　[解析]根据上文“It is almost __10__ that those exploring new frontiers for science are exposing themselves to unknown dangers.”可知，这些先驱者在科学领域的贡献和牺牲是无与伦比的。故选A。 15．D　[解析]根据上文“It is almost __10__ that those exploring new frontiers for science are exposing themselves to unknown dangers.”及空后的new frontiers可知，此处指探索新的领域。故选D。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$