Unit 3 Section Ⅱ Learning About Language(Word教参)-【优化指导】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修第一册（人教版2019）

Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language 动词­ing形式作主语 [对应学生用书P72] [观察] 1．...telling whether it is morning or night is impossible. 2．Getting here is quite difficult ... 3．For hundreds of years，looking after reindeer was a way of life for the Sami. 4．Being in such a beautiful and wild place makes me feel blessed to be alive. [探究] 1．以上例句的主语分别是：句1telling_whether_it_is_morning_or_night；句2Getting_here；句3looking_after_reindeer；句4Being_in_such_a_beautiful_and_wild_place。 2．以上例句的主语都是动词­ing形式。 3．以上例句的谓语动词都是 第三人称单数 形式。 1．动作作主语时常用动词的什么形式？ 动词­ing形式 2．其基本形式变化有哪些？ not_doing、being_done、having_done、having_been_done 一、定义 动词­ing形式由“动词＋­ing”构成，在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语。 二、动词­ing形式的时态和语态 [感知] 1．(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Walking at night­time is a great way to step out of your comfort zone. 晚上散步是走出舒适区的好方法。 2．Having received so much generosity，Flores and her girls were deeply moved. 得到如此多的慷慨相助，弗洛雷斯和她的女儿们都深受感动。 3．Congratulate you on your remarkable achievements of being awarded two gold and one silver medals as well as being admitted to the Stanford University. 祝贺你获得两枚金牌和一枚银牌的优异成绩，并被斯坦福大学录取。 4．Having been told the whole thing，Miss Shock welcomed Julie into her house. 得知这一切后，肖克小姐欢迎朱莉到她家里来。 [探究] 1．句1中Walking at night­time在句中作主语，是动词­ing形式的一般式。 2．句2中Having received so much generosity在句中作状语，是动词­ing形式的完成式。 3．句3中being awarded two gold and one silver medals和being admitted to the Stanford University入在句中作宾语，是动词­ing形式的被动式。 4．句4中Having been told the whole thing在句中作状语，是动词­ing形式的被动完成式。 [归纳] 　　语态 时态　 主动语态 被动语态 一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done [即练] 单句填空/完成句子 1．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)When I got back home，suddenly riding (ride) my bike didn't seem quite as appealing. 2．Eating junk food，lacking exercise and being_addicted(addict) to online games still exist among us teenagers，which are bad for our health. 3．全力以赴之后，我最终在比赛中获得了第一名。 Having_made_every_effort，I won first prize in the contest eventually. 4．尽管福克斯自己在事故中也受了伤，但他仍然去救助了那个奄奄一息的男子。 Fox went to the aid of the dying man despite having_been_injured_in_the_accident． 三、动词­ing形式作主语 (一)动词­ing形式作主语 [感知] 1．Learning to think critically is an important skill today's children will need for the future. 学习批判性思考是当今孩子们未来需要的一项重要技能。 2．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)And are listening to and viewing content as effective as reading the written word when covering the same material? 涉及相同内容时，通过听觉和视觉接收信息的效果能否与阅读书面文字的效果相媲美？ 3．Being educated in Peking University is her dream. 在北京大学接受教育是她的梦想。 [探究] 1．句1中Learning to think critically作主语，谓语动词是is。 2．句2中listening to and viewing content作主语，谓语动词是are。 3．句3中Being educated是educating的被动式。 [归纳] 1．动词­ing 形式作主语时，多表示经常性、习惯性的动作。 2．动词­ing形式作主语时，根据主谓一致的原则，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。但是意义不同的两个动词­ing形式并列作主语时，谓语动词要用复数形式。 3．如果作主语的动词表示被动意义，那么使用其being done的形式作主语。 [即练] 单句填空/完成句子 1．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Taking responsibility for mistakes is(be) a positive step，but don't beat yourself up about them. 2．In an urgent situation，coming(come) together is kind of a normal deal for humans. 3．Writing(write) something in English every day，such as keeping diaries，has greatly improved my writing skills. 4．过低碳生活对社会有益。 Living_a_low­carbon_life can be beneficial to the society. 5．多吃水果和多喝水对我们的健康有很大的帮助。 Eating more fruits and drinking more water are_of_great_help_to_our_health． (二)形式主语it代替动词­ing形式作主语 [感知] 1．It is a waste of time crying over the split milk. 覆水难收。 2．It is no use reciting the text without understanding it. 只背诵课文而不理解它是没有用的。 3．It is hardly worth reading that book. 那本书几乎不值得读。 4．It is worth protecting the woods in the area. 保护这个地区的森林是值得的。 [探究] 以上例句中，形式主语it代替动词­ing形式作主语。 [归纳] it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词­ing形式。主要用于下列句型中： ①It be no use/useless doing ...做……无用。 ②It be no good/pleasure/fun doing ...做……没有好处/乐趣。 ③It be a waste of time doing ...做……浪费时间。 ④It be worth/worthwhile doing ...做……是值得的。 [即练] 单句填空/完成句子 1．It is no good learning(learn) without practice. 2．It is worth mentioning that our volleyball team won the championship twice in national middle school volleyball matches. 3．It's useless(use) trying to persuade him to get rid of that habit; he just can't make it. 4．其他人反对网上交友，因为他们认为在网上聊天是浪费时间。 Others are against making friends online as they think that it_is_a_waste_of_time_chatting_online． (三)动词­ing形式的复合结构作主语 [感知] 1．His being late made his friends very angry. 他的迟到让朋友们很生气。 2．Kate's leaving made everyone sad. 凯特的离开让每个人都很伤心。 [探究] 1．句1和句2中动词­ing形式的复合结构作主语。 2．句1中his是形容词性物主代词；句2中Kate's是名词所有格。 [归纳] 动词­ing形式的复合结构作主语时有两种形式： ①形容词性物主代词＋动词­ing形式； ②名词所有格＋动词­ing形式。 ①动词­ing形式复合结构的否定形式为“名词所有格或形容词性物主代词＋not doing”。 ②在口语和非正式语体中，只要不是作主语，动词­ing形式复合结构中的逻辑主语常采用名词通格或人称代词宾格。 [即练] 单句填空/完成句子 1．His(he) failing in the examination made his parents disappointed. 2．我的女儿睡得很晚，令我很担心。 My_daughter's_staying_up_so_late worried me very much. 3．约翰的到来将会使我们脱离困境。 John's_coming_here will get us out of trouble. (四)动词­ing形式和动词不定式作主语的区别[感知] 1．Volunteering just feels so good. 做志愿工作感觉真好。 2．Singing is my hobby，and to sing at my friend's birthday party is my dream. 唱歌是我的爱好，在朋友的生日派对上唱歌是我的梦想。 3．(2022·全国甲卷)In India and the Middle East，it's considered very rude to eat with your left hand.　 在印度和中东，用左手吃饭被认为是非常不礼貌的。 [探究] 1．句1和句2中动词­ing形式Volunteering和Singing作主语，表示一般性的行为。 2．句2中不定式to sing作主语，表示一次性的动作。 3．句3中it作形式主语，to eat with your left hand作真正的主语。 [归纳] 动词­ing形式和动词不定式都可以作主语。区别在于：动词­ing 形式作主语表示比较抽象的或一般性的行为；动词不定式作主语往往表示具体的或一次性的动作。 动词不定式作主语时，常采用it作形式主语。 [即练] 单句填空/完成句子 1．(2024·北京卷)Slowing(slow) down can contribute significantly to personal growth. 2．After classes，it's a daily routine to_take(take) and upload a picture of my homework after I finish it. 3．通常，包饺子是一个重要的部分，它增加了节日的气氛。 Typically，making_dumplings_is_an_important_part，which adds to the festive atmosphere. 4．就我而言，我认为保持均衡和健康的饮食很重要。 As far as I'm concerned，I think it_is_important_to_keep_a_balanced_and_healthy_diet． 用所给词的适当形式填空 Although we can't be sure exactly when music came into our life，scientists do know something about why we listen to music.1.Listening(listen) to music benefits us in many ways. A study shows a child 2.playing(play) the piano has significantly increasing IQ and better academic performance.3.Taking(take) exercise and listening to music can go hand in hand.For example，4.running(run) to your favorite music can increase your physical performance during a tough session.If you focus on your favorite music，5.ignoring(ignore) that you've just run an extra mile is common.Another finding is that music can help you remember information better.Trying 6.to_memorize(memorize) English words seems easy for you while you are listening to soft music.What's more，it is reported that over 30% of Americans suffer from sleeping problems.A study indicated that students who listened to light music for 45 minutes before 7.going(go) to sleep got better sleep than students who didn't. If you feel upset and have trouble 8.calming(calm) down，listen to what you enjoy.It'll probably help you relax.At least，it'll put you in a better mood. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$