Unit 1 The King's new clothes（易错题专项练习·语法提升）英语译林版六年级上册

Unit 1 The King’s new clothes 专题02 语法提升·易错题专项训练 句型、语法 语法提升 高频易错点、易错点提示、小练笔、答题点拨 易错精讲 感叹句的用法 高频易错点01 感叹句是表示说话人喜悦、气愤、惊讶等强烈感情的句子。一般由 What 或 How 引导 。 （1）what在感叹句中修饰名词或名词短语 What +a/an +形容词 + 可数名词单数 + 主语 +谓语！ What a fine day it is! 多么晴朗的一天！ What +形容词 + 名词复数/不可数名词 + 主语 + 谓语！ What nice music it is! 多么美妙的音乐！ （2）How在感叹句中用于修饰形容词或副词 How + 形容词/副词 + 主语 + 谓语！ How beautiful the flower is！（修饰形容词） How well they sing！（修饰副词） 易错点提示 在感叹句中，怎么区分用what还是用how呢？分为两种情况： （一）有“主语 + 谓语（动词）”的情况： 第一步，先找句子的“主语”； 第二步，找到主语后，看主语前面的一个“单词”， 如果这个“单词”是可数名词单数，则用what a/an； 如果这个“单词”是名词复数或不可数名词，则用what； 如果这个“单词”是形容词或副词，则用how （二）没有“主语 + 谓语（动词）”的情况： 直接看最后一个“单词”，也是分析这个单词属于上面的哪种情况 如果这个“单词”是可数名词单数，则用what a/an； 如果这个“单词”是名词复数或不可数名词，则用what； 如果这个“单词”是形容词或副词，则用how 小练笔 单项选择。 ( )1. ______ a great museum! A. What B. Where C. How ( )2. ______ beautiful she looks! A. What a B. What C. How ( )3. ______ beautiful flowers! A. What a B. What C. How ( )4. ______ big map! A. What B. What’s C. What a ( )5. ______ beautiful the flowers are! A. How B. What C. What a 填入适当的词(What a/what/how)完成下列感叹句。 (1) ______ difficult homework we had yesterday! (2) ______ cute dog it is! (3) ______ interesting the story is! 选择题答案及解析 1. 答案：A 。感叹句结构中，“What + a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数 +（主语 + 谓语）” ，此句中心词是 “museum（可数名词单数）”，“a great museum” 符合 “What + a + 形容词 + 可数名词单数” 结构，所以用 What 。 2. 答案：C。“How + 形容词 / 副词 + 主语 + 谓语” 是 How 引导感叹句的结构，句中 “beautiful” 是形容词，符合 How 引导的结构，What 引导需接名词，所以选 C 。 3. 答案：B 。“What + 形容词 + 可数名词复数 +（主语 + 谓语）” ，句中 “flowers” 是可数名词复数，所以用what，选 B 。 4. 答案：C 。“What + a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数 +（主语 + 谓语）” ，“map” 是可数名词单数，名词单数用what a，所以选 C 。 5. 答案：A 。“How + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语” ，句中 “beautiful” 是形容词，“the flowers are” 是主语和谓语，符合 How 引导的结构，所以选 A 。 填空题答案及解析 (1) 答案：What。“homework” 是不可数名词，“What + 形容词 + 不可数名词 +（主语 + 谓语）” ，“difficult homework” 符合该结构，所以用 What 。 (2) 答案：What a。“dog” 是可数名词单数，“cute dog” 符合 “What + a + 形容词 + 可数名词单数” 结构，所以用 What a 。 (3) 答案：How。“How + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语” ，“interesting” 是形容词，“the story is” 是主语和谓语，符合该结构，所以用 How 。 点 拨 一般过去式的用法高频易错点02 一、概念 一般过去式表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为； 过去主语所具备的能力和性格 。 I played football yesterday. 我昨天踢足球了。 He was a student two years ago. 两年前他是一名学生。 二、时间标志 (1)yesterday昨天，yesterday morning昨天早上 (2) last + 时间，last night 昨晚、last week上周 (3)时间 + ago，two days ago两天前、three years ago三年前 (4) in + 过去的年份，in 2008在2008年 (5) just now 刚才 三、句型结构 （1）肯定句：主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他 He went to school by bike yesterday. 他昨天骑自行车去上学。 主语 + was/were + 其他 I was at home last night. 我昨晚在家。 （2）否定句：主语 + didn't + 动词原形 + 其他 She didn't watch TV last night. 她昨晚没看电视。 主语 + wasn't/weren't + 其他 They weren't in the classroom just now. 他们刚才不在教室里。 （3）一般疑问句：Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？ Did you go to the park last Sunday? 你上周日去公园了吗？ Was/Were + 主语 + 其他？ Was he late for school this morning? 他今天早上上学迟到了吗？ （4）特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？ What did you do last weekend? 你上周末做什么了？ 特殊疑问词 + was/were + 主语 + 其他？ Where were you yesterday? 你昨天在哪里？ 四、动词过去式的规则变化 1.直接在动词原形末尾加ed； work - worked 2.以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，直接在词尾加 d； live - lived 3.以“辅音字母 + y”结尾的动词, 先把 y 变为 i，再加 ed； study - studied 4.以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加 ed； stop - stopped 五、译林版六年级上册动词过去式的不规则变化（部分常见） am/is→was are→were do→did go→went have→had eat→ate see→saw get→got tell→told take→took make→made find→found buy→bought bring→brought teach→taught think→thought write→ wrote read read（读音发生变化，/red/） 易错点提示 （一）动词过去式ed的发音规则： 口诀为:清后/t/，元浊/d/，/t/、/d/之后读/id/ 1.清辅音（如 /p/、/k/、/f/、/s/ 等）后，ed 要读 /t/ 。 ask → asked /ɑ:skt/ cook → cooked /kukt/ pass → passed /pɑ:st/ 2.元音或浊辅音（如 /b/、/g/、/v/、/z/、/m/ 等 ）后，ed 要读 /d/ 。 move → moved /mu:vd/ live → lived /lɪvd/ listen → listened /ˈlɪsnd/ stay → stayed /steɪd/ 3.若动词原形末尾发音为 /t/ 或 /d/ ，ed 读 /id/ 。 shout → shouted /ˈʃaʊtɪd/ start → started /ˈstɑ:tɪd/ want → wanted /ˈwɒntɪd/ need → needed /ˈni:dɪd/ （二）关于be动词和助动词的使用区别 助动词（do/does/did）主要功能是辅助行为动词，构建疑问、否定句式 。简言之：存在行为动词时，常用助动词；无行为动词，用be动词。 Were you in the US some years ago?（句子中没有行为动词 ） Did you live in the US some years ago?（句中有行为动词 ） 小练笔 单项选择。 ( )1. I ______ to the park yesterday. A. go B. goes C. went ( )2. She ______ at home last night. A. is B. was C. were ( )3. ______ you ______ any gifts last Christmas? A. Do; buy B. Did; buy C. Did; bought ( )4. They ______ a big dinner two days ago. A. have B. has C. had ( )5. ______ he late for school this morning? A.Is B. Was C. Were 点 拨 1.选C, 根据yesterday判断句子是一般过去式，所以只有C选项符合。 2.选B, 根据last night判断句子是一般过去式，主语是she，跟be动词is搭配，is的过去式是was，故选B。 3.选B, 根据last Christmas判断句子是一般过去式，应该用助动词did，助动词后面接动词原形，故选B。 4.选C, 根据two days ago判断句子是一般过去式，have的过去式是had，故选C。 5.选B, 根据this morning判断句子是一般过去式，主语是he，跟be动词is搭配，is的过去式是was，故选B。 there be句型一般过去式的用法高频易错点03 （一）概念 表示过去存在：there be句型一般过去式用于描述过去某个时间或地点存在某人或某物。 There was a big tree in front of the house ten years ago. 十年前，房子前面有一棵大树。 （二）句型结构 肯定句：there was + 单数可数名词/不可数名词 + 地点状语/时间状语 there were + 复数可数名词 + 地点状语/时间状语 There was some milk in the glass just now.（刚才杯子里有一些牛奶。） There were some books on the desk yesterday.（昨天桌子上有一些书。） 否定句：there wasn't + 单数可数名词/不可数名词 + 地点状语/时间状语 there weren't + 复数可数名词 + 地点状语/时间状语 There wasn't any bread in the fridge last night.（昨晚冰箱里没有面包。） There weren't many students in the classroom after school.（放学后教室里没有很多学生。） 一般疑问句：Was there + 单数可数名词/不可数名词 + 地点状语/时间状语？ Were there + 复数可数名词 + 地点状语/时间状语？ Was there a cat in the garden this morning?（今天早上花园里有一只猫吗？） Were there any apples on the tree last autumn?（去年秋天树上有一些苹果吗？） 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + was there + 单数可数名词/不可数名词 + 其他？ 特殊疑问词 + were there + 复数可数名词 + 其他？ What was there in the box?（盒子里有什么？） How many people were there at the party last night?（昨晚聚会上有多少人？） 易错点提示 1. there be句型 与 have的区分 there be句型：强调在某个地点或时间“存在”某人或某物，不强调所属关系。 There was a pen on the desk.（桌子上有一支钢笔。），重点说明桌子上存在一支钢笔这个事实。 have：表示“拥有”，强调所属关系，即某人或某物归某人所有，主语通常是“人或物”。 I have a new book.（我有一本新书。），表明新书是“我”所拥有的。 2.there be句型的“就近原则” There be 句型遵循“就近一致”原则，即当 There be 后出现多个名词时，be 动词需和距离它最近 的名词在单复数上保持一致 。 There was a book and two pens on the desk just now.（“a book” 是单数，be 动词用 was ） There were two pens and a book on the desk just now.（“two pens” 是复数，be 动词用 were ） 3.there be句型与 some/any 的搭配 some 用于肯定句，描述存在“一些”事物 ； any 用于否定句或疑问句，表“一些”或“任何” 。 肯定句：There was some juice in the glass.（杯子里有一些果汁 ） 否定句：There wasn't any juice in the glass just now.（刚才杯子里没有果汁 ） 小练笔 单项选择。 ( )1.Long long ago, There ______ a lion in the forest. A. is B. are C. was ( )2. —______ there any milk in the fridge? —No, there isn’t. A. Are B. Is C. Was ( )3.There ______ some apples on the tree yesterday. A. is B. are C. were 填空（用所给提示词的正确形式补全句子 ） There ______ (be) a ruler and three pencils in my pencil - box just now. There______ (not be) any water in the bottle. So I need to buy some. 点 拨 1.选C, 根据long long ago判断句子是一般过去式，a lion是单数，is的过去式was，故选C。 2.选B, milk 是不可数名词，一般现在时的一般疑问句用 Is 。 3.选C, yesterday 是过去时，“apples” 是复数，用 were。 4.答案：was, just now 是过去时，就近“a ruler”单数，用 was 5.答案：isn’t，any 用于否定句，water 不可数，一般现在时否定用 isn’t 综合训练 一、用括号内单词的正确形式填空。 1. The king ______ (like) new clothes very much two years ago. 2. They ______ (visit) the palace last week. 3. The little boy ______ (point) at the king and laughed. 4. There ______ (be) a lot of people in the street yesterday. 5. She ______ (not wear) a coat this morning because it was warm. 6. My mother ______ (buy) a beautiful dress for me just now. 7. The two men ______ (show) the king some magic cloth yesterday. 8. We ______ (not go) to school last Saturday. 9. He ______ (say) nothing and left the room. 10. There ______ (be) some milk in the glass an hour ago. 二、单项选择 ( )1. ______ beautiful clothes! The king was very happy. A. What B. What a C. How ( )2. The king ______ new clothes every day in the past. A. wears B. wore C. wear ( )3. Did you ______ the story about the king? A. read B. reads C. readed ( )4. ______ he ______ any new clothes last month? A. Do; buy B. Did; buy C. Did; bought ( )5. There ______ a pen and two books on the desk just now. A. is B. was C. were ( )6. ______ interesting the film is! A. What B. How C. What an ( )7. The children ______ in the park just now. A. fly kites B. are flying kites C. flew kites ( )8. The two men ______ to make magic cloth for the king. A. wanted B. wants C. want ( )9. There ______ any people in the room at that time. A. isn't B. weren't C. wasn't ( )10. He ______ a clever boy. He ______ the truth last week. A. is; find B. was; found C. was; find 三、句型转换 1. The king wore new clothes.（改为否定句） The king ______ ______ new clothes. 2. They visited the king yesterday.（改为一般疑问句） ______ they ______ the king yesterday? 3. The story is very interesting.（改为感叹句） ______ ______ the story is! 4. There were some flowers in the garden.（改为否定句） There ______ ______ flowers in the garden. 5. He bought a new coat last week.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ he ______ last week? 6. The little girl pointed at the king.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ the little girl ______ at? 7. The king was happy.（改为一般疑问句） ______ the king ______? 8. There was a tree in front of the house.（改为复数句） There ______ ______ ______ in front of the house. 9. They are making magic cloth now.（用yesterday改写） They ______ ______ cloth yesterday. 10. The clothes are beautiful.（改为感叹句） ______ ______ clothes! 四、补全对话 A: What are you reading? B: I'm reading a story about the king's new clothes. A: 1. ______ B: The king loved new clothes very much. Two men wanted to cheat him. A: 2. ______ B: They said they could make magic cloth. Only clever people could see it. A: 3. ______ B: The king wore the "new clothes" and walked in the street. A: 4. ______ B: A little boy pointed at him and said he had no clothes on. A: 5. ______ B: Yes, everyone laughed at the king at last. A. What did the king do then? B. What happened next? C. What's the story about? D. Did the king feel angry? E. What did the two men say? 五、从方框中选择合适的词补全短文 was, wanted, laughed, wore, pointed, were, visited, said, could, made Long long ago, there ______ a king. He ______ new clothes every day. One day, two men ______ the palace. They ______ to make magic cloth for the king. They ______ the king that the cloth was special—only clever people ______ see it. The king ______ very happy. Then the two men ______ the "cloth" and the king ______ it. When he walked in the street, a little boy ______ at him and shouted, "The king has no clothes on!" 参考答案 一、用括号内单词的正确形式填空 1. liked 2. visited 3. pointed 4. were 5. didn't wear 6. bought 7. showed 8. didn't go 9. said 10. was 1. liked 解析：根据时间标志“two years ago”（两年前），句子用一般过去时，like的过去式是liked。 2. visited 解析：“last week”（上周）是过去时间，visit的过去式直接加ed，即visited。 3. pointed 解析：句中“laughed”（笑）是过去式，and连接并列动作，point的过去式是pointed。 4. were 解析：“yesterday”（昨天）表明是过去时，“a lot of people”（许多人）是复数，there be句型中 复数用were。 5. didn't wear 解析：“this morning”（今天早上）是过去时间，否定句用“didn't + 动词原形”，wear用原形。 6. bought 解析：“just now”（刚才）是过去时，buy的不规则过去式是bought。 7. showed 解析：“yesterday”（昨天）是过去时，show的过去式是showed。 8. didn't go 解析：“last Saturday”（上周六）是过去时间，否定句用“didn't + 动词原形”，go用原形。 9. said 解析：“left”（离开）是过去式，and连接并列动作，say的过去式是said。 10. was 解析：“an hour ago”（一小时前）是过去时，“milk”（牛奶）是不可数名词，there be句型中用was。 二、单项选择 1. A 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. B 6. B 7. C 8. A 9. B 10. B 1. A 解析：感叹句中心词是“clothes”（名词复数），用What引导，结构为“What + 形容词 + 名词复数”。 2. B 解析：“in the past”（过去）表明用一般过去时，wear的过去式是wore。 3. A 解析：助动词Did后接动词原形，read的原形和过去式同形（此处为原形）。 4. B 解析：“last Christmas”（去年圣诞节）是过去时，一般疑问句用助动词Did，后接动词原形buy。 5. B 解析：“just now”（刚才）是过去时，there be句型遵循“就近原则”，“a pen”（单数）离be动词更近， 用was。 6. B 解析：感叹句中心词是“interesting”（形容词），用How引导，结构为“How + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语”。 7. C 解析：“just now”（刚才）是过去时，谓语动词用过去式，fly的过去式是flew。 8. A 解析：句子描述过去发生的动作，want的过去式是wanted。 9.B 解析：“at that time”（那时）是过去时，“any people”（一些人）是复数，否定句用weren't。 10. B 解析：第一空描述过去的状态，he后用was；第二空“last week”（上周）是过去时，find的 过去式是found。 三、句型转换 1. didn't wear 2. Did; visit 3. How interesting 4. weren't any 5. What did; buy 6. Who did; point 7. Was; happy 8. were some trees 9. made magic 10. What beautiful 1. didn't wear 解析：一般过去时的否定句在动词过去式前加didn't，动词还原为原形wear。 2. Did; visit 解析：一般过去时的一般疑问句用助动词Did开头，动词还原为原形visit。 3. How interesting 解析：对形容词“interesting”感叹，用How引导，结构为“How + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语”。 4. weren't any 解析：there be句型的否定句在be动词后加not，some变any（否定句中用any）。 5. What did; buy 解析：划线部分是“a new coat”（物品），用What提问，一般过去时加助动词did，动词还原为buy。 6. Who did; point 解析：划线部分是“the king”（人），用Who提问，一般过去时加助动词did，动词还原为point。 7. Was; happy 解析：含be动词的一般疑问句将be动词was提前，后接形容词happy。 8. were some trees 解析：单数句变复数句，was变were，“a tree”变“some trees”。 9. made magic 解析：“yesterday”（昨天）表明用一般过去时，are making变过去式made，magic cloth保持不变。 10. What beautiful 解析：对名词短语“beautiful clothes”感叹，用What引导，结构为“What + 形容词 + 名词复数”。 四、补全对话 1. C 2. E 3. A 4. B 5. D 1. C 解析：根据答语“The king loved new clothes...”（国王喜欢新衣服……），可知问句询问故事 内容，选C（这个故事是关于什么的？）。 2. E 解析：答语“They said they could make magic cloth”（他们说能做魔法布）描述两个人的话， 问句选E（那两个人说了什么？）。 3. A 解析：答语“The king wore... walked in the street”（国王穿着……在街上走）描述国王的行为， 问句选A（国王之后做了什么？）。 4. B 解析：答语“A little boy pointed at him...”（一个小男孩指着他……）描述接下来发生的事， 问句选B（接下来发生了什么？）。 5. D 解析：答语“Yes, everyone laughed...”（是的，所有人都笑了……）是对一般疑问句的回答， 问句选D（国王生气了吗？）。 五、从方框中选择合适的词补全短文 was; wanted; visited; wanted; said; could; was; made; wore; laughed 1. was 解析：“Long long ago”（很久以前）是过去时，“a king”（一个国王）是单数，there be句型用was。 2. wanted 解析：描述过去的习惯，“想要每天穿新衣服”，want的过去式是wanted。 3. visited 解析：“One day”（一天）是过去时间，“拜访宫殿”用visit的过去式visited。 4. wanted 解析：过去的想法“想要做魔法布”，want的过去式是wanted。 5. said 解析：过去的对话“他们对国王说”，say的过去式是said。 6. could 解析：描述过去的能力“只有聪明人能看见”，can的过去式是could。 7. was 解析：过去的状态“国王很高兴”，he后用was。 8. made 解析：过去的动作“制作魔法布”，make的过去式是made。 9. wore 解析：过去的动作“国王穿上布”，wear的过去式是wore。 10. pointed 解析：过去的动作“小男孩指着国王”，point的过去式是pointed。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$