高效作业29 Period Ⅳ Reading for Writing-【精彩三年】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第一册课程探究与巩固Word教参（人教版2019）

高效作业29 [Period Ⅳ　Reading for Writing](见学生用书P257) [语言基础巩固] Ⅰ.单句填空 1．As is known to us, there is a generation gap__ between the young and the old. 2．None of us can __equal__(比得上) her，either in beauty or in dance skills. 3．It is a good idea to read English novels to enlarge your vocabulary__. 4．Mr White, a witness to the accident, has given the police a very detailed description__. 5．He has always __demanded__(要求) the highest standards of behaviour from his children. 6．We need to explain why these issues are important and __relate__ (把……联系起来)them to our everyday life. 7．We have different dialects, so we have trouble in __understanding__ (understand) each other. 8．I'd like to read books __related__ (relate) to Western cultures and customs. 9．After a month of training, he became equal __to__ the work as a bus driver. 10．I'm having a lot of problems __with__ my English grammar, so I'd appreciate it if you could give me some advice. Ⅱ.写作佳句 1．双方不太可能弥合他们之间的差距。 It is unlikely that the two sides will be able to __bridge__their__gaps__． 2．我最大的问题是如何与以英语为母语的人交谈。 My biggest problem __is__how__to__ talk to native English speakers. 3．这项工作很有挑战性，但是我相信你会证明你能胜任它。 It's a challenging job but I'm sure you'll prove yourself __equal__to__ it. 4．我们费了很大劲跟他解释这个过程。 We had __great/much__trouble(in)__explaining__ this process to him. 5．按要求这些书应在两周内归还给学校图书馆。 It's demanded that the books __(should)be__returned__to__ the school library within two weeks. [话题语篇提升] Ⅲ.阅读理解 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 2024·信阳高级中学高一检测A study published Tuesday in the journal Psychonomic Bulletin & Review found that words expressing angry feelings sound alike in several unrelated languages. They're less likely than other words to include the consonant(辅音) sounds L, R, W or Y. And more friendly versions of such words often have these sounds added. The finding suggests that certain rules may link the world's languages, no matter how different they are. Ryan McKay, co－author of the paper, happened to discover that some of the English curses(咒骂语) seem to have something in common: They're often short and include the sounds P, T or K. Then Dr McKay teamed up with his colleague Shiri Lev－Ari to learn whether these rules went beyond English. During the experiment, they asked fluent speakers of Hebrew, Hindi, Hungarian, Korean and Russian to list the worst words they could think of. Once they'd made a list of each language's most commonly used curses, the researchers compared these with neutral(中性的) words from the same language. To their surprise, the rules still apply. Next, the scientists asked the same people to listen to pairs of invented words, such as “yog” and “tsog” and guess which word in each pair was a curse. The subjects were more likely to guess that words without L, R, W and Y, such as “tsog”， were curses. Finally, the researchers looked through the dictionary for English curses and their cleaned－up versions. Once again, the cleaned－up versions included more of the sounds L, R, W and Y. “Most 20th－century language scientists held that any word could have any meaning，” said Dr McKay. “With curses, though, the sounds themselves seem to carry meaning. This can shape and change our understanding of how languages are formed.” “It is the first time for researchers to study curses across languages and the finding is very interesting，” said Benjamin Bergen, a language scientist at the University of California, who was not involved in the study. “But it is just another case of what's called sound symbolism in the language study: A word sounds like what it means.” (　B　)1．Which word is most probably not a cleaned－up curse according to the text? A．Rucy. B．Buk C．Yayad. D．Walawah. (　D　)2．What did the researchers do in their last step? A．They applied their study findings to more unrelated languages. B．They studied the neutral words and curses side by side. C．They asked people to listen to pairs of non－existing words. D．They compared English curses with their friendly versions. (　C　)3．What did Benjamin Bergen mean? A．The study method is really unscientific. B．It will change our understanding in a way. C．It is not a totally new discovery at all. D．The selected languages are too limited. (　A　)4．What is the author's purpose in writing the text? A．To introduce a newly published study. B．To prove the unique rules in English. C．To tell another way of memorising words. D．To show how to use more friendly curses. 【语篇解读】研究发现，几种不相关的语言中的咒骂语听起来相似。与其他词相比，它们不太可能包含辅音字母L、R、W或Y。 1．B　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“They're less likely than other words to include the consonant(辅音) sounds L, R, W or Y. And more friendly versions of such words often have these sounds added.(与其他单词相比，这些单词不太可能包含L、R、W或Y等辅音，而这些词的更友好的版本通常会加上这些音。)”和第二段中的“Ryan McKay, co－author of the paper, happened to discover that some of the English curses(咒骂语) seem to have something in common: They're often short and include the sounds P, T or K．(该论文的合著者瑞恩·麦凯偶然发现，一些英语咒骂语似乎有一些共同点。它们通常很短，包括P、T或K的音。)”可知，咒骂语通常很短，且包括P、T或K的音，而净化后更友好的咒骂语中会有L、R、W或Y等音，所以“Buk”不含有L、R、W或Y音，因此不是净化后的咒骂语。故选B。 2．D　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Finally, the researchers looked through the dictionary for English curses and their cleaned－up versions. Once again, the cleaned－up versions included more of the sounds L, R, W and Y．(最后，研究人员在词典中查找了英语咒骂语和它们的净化版本。再一次，净化后的版本包含了更多的L、R、W和Y音。)”可知，研究人员最后做的是在词典中查找英语咒骂语和它们的净化版本并进行比较。故选D。 3．C　推理判断题。根据最后一段中Benjamin Bergen说的话“But it is just another case of what's called sound symbolism in the language study: A word sounds like what it means.(但这只是语言研究中所谓的声音象征主义的另一个例子：一个词听起来就像它的意思。)”可知，Benjamin Bergen的意思是这项研究只是声音象征主义研究的另一个例子，并不是全新的发现。故选C。 4．A　推理判断题。通读全文，尤其结合第一段中的“A study published Tuesday in the journal Psychonomic Bulletin & Review found that words expressing angry feelings sound alike in several unrelated languages.(周二发表在《心理环境通报与评论》杂志上的一项研究发现，在几种不相关的语言中，表达愤怒情绪的词语听起来很相似。)”可知，文章介绍了一项关于表达愤怒情绪的词语的研究，所以作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍一项新发表的研究。故选A。 Ⅳ.完形填空 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 2024·绍兴一中高一检测Eight years ago, I went to a wonderful school, West Catholic High School, in the United States. I was lucky enough to have an opportunity to study as a(n)__1__student from Ukraine when I was fourteen years old. I remember my first day at that school __2__ it were yesterday. I was very__3__as if there had been many butterflies in my stomach. My main fear was that I would not be able to __4__ myself due to the language barrier (障碍). I was trying to have as little __5__ as I possibly could. And I almost succeeded until we had to introduce__6__ in front of the class. And the moment the word “international” flew out of my__7__， I was surrounded by thirty people who were asking questions one after another. It turned out to be the opposite of less communication, but it was so much fun. During the first three months, I certainly experienced a little bit of cultural shock. I think Americans are the__8__people I have ever met in my entire life. They always smile and say, “Hi, how are you？” One day, I __9__the students looking at me with doubt. Finally, one classmate__10__to my locker(寄物柜) and whispered, “Is that true that you are a princess and that you came to study here so that nobody would __11__ you？” At one point, I even had an image of myself __12__a crown and gracefully waving at the crowd. People do have a wild imagination! I think it was a__13__one－year experience! I saw a totally new world, experienced great culture, met a lot of incredible people and__14__ my language. This trip inspired me to learn foreign languages. That is one of the reasons __15__ I speak five different languages today. (　A　)1．A．international B．common C．friendly D．clever (　B　)2．A．even though B．as though C．now that D．in case (　D　)3．A．sad B．comfortable C．excited D．nervous (　B　)4．A．help B．express C．control D．relax (　A　)5．A．communication B．connection C．emotion D．attention (　C　)6．A．myself B．themselves C．ourselves D．himself (　B　)7．A．eye B．mouth C．heart D．mind (　B　)8．A．funniest B．nicest C．smartest D．worst (　B　)9．A．caught B．noticed C．considered D．kept (　C　)10．A．turned up B．sent up C．came up D．picked up (　A　)11．A．recognise B．harm C．accept D．blame (　C　)12．A．holding B．carrying C．wearing D．dressing (　B　)13．A．valueless B．priceless C．terrible D．similar (　C　)14．A．created B．shared C．improved D．spread (　C　)15．A．that B．which C．why D．how 【语篇解读】作者回忆了自己在美国留学的经历，虽然一开始因为语言问题想逃避与他人交流，但是在自我介绍后作者发现与人交流很有趣，这次经历也让作者经历了不同的文化，提高了语言能力。 1．A　根据第三段第一句中的“international”可知，作者是一名来自乌克兰的国际学生。A. international国际的；B. common 普遍的；C. friendly 友好的；D. clever聪明的。故选A。 2．B　作者记得她在那所学校的第一天，恍如昨日。A. even though尽管；即使；B. as though好像；似乎；C. now that既然；D. in case以防。故选B。 3．D　根据空后的“many butterflies in my stomach”可知，作者非常紧张。A. sad悲伤的；难过的；B. comfortable舒服的；C. excited 激动的；兴奋的；D. nervous紧张的。“have butterflies in one's stomach”是俚语表达，意思是“情绪紧张”。故选D。 4．B　作者主要的害怕是由于语言障碍她不能表达自己的意思。A. help帮助；B. express表达；C. control控制；D. relax放松。根据空后的“the language barrier”可知，作者主要担心由于语言障碍而影响表达。故选B。 5．A　作者努力尽可能不与别人交流。A. communication 交流；沟通；B. connection连接；C. emotion情感；情绪；D. attention注意。故选A。 6．C　作者几乎成功地做到了，直到他们不得不在全班同学面前介绍自己。 A. myself我自己；B. themselves他们自己；C. ourselves我们自己；D. himself他自己。故选C。 7．B　“international”这个词一从作者的嘴里说出来，她就被30个人围起来，一个接一个问问题。A. eye眼睛；B. mouth嘴巴；C. heart 心脏；D. mind头脑；思想。根据“the word ‘international’ flew out”可知，mouth“嘴巴”符合语境。故选B。 8．B　作者认为美国人是她整个生命中见过的最友好的人。A. funniest 最有趣的；B. nicest最友好的；C. smartest最聪明的；D. worst最糟糕的。故选B。 9．B　有一天，作者注意到同学们疑惑地看着她。 A. catch抓住；B. notice注意到；C. consider考虑；D. keep保持。故选B。 10．C　最后，一个同学走近作者的储物柜，小声说：“你是一位公主，你来这儿学习，以便没有人能认出你，这是真的吗？”A. turn up 偶然出现；B. send up使(价值)上升；C. come up(为攀谈而)走到跟前；D. pick up拿起；捡起。故选C。 11．A　作者的同学认为她来美国上学是为了不让人认出她。A. recognise辨别出；认出；B. harm伤害；C. accept 接受；D. blame责怪。故选A。 12．C　有那么一刻，作者甚至想到一幅自己戴着皇冠、优雅地朝众人挥手的景象。A. hold握住；B. carry搬；C. wear穿；戴；D. dress给……穿衣服。故选C。 13．B　作者认为它是珍贵的一年经历。A. valueless无价值的；B. priceless无价的；珍贵的；C. terrible可怕的；D. similar相似的。故选B。 14．C　作者看到了一个完全崭新的世界，经历了很棒的文化，遇见了很多极好的人，提高了语言能力。A. create创造；B. share 分享；C. improve提高；D. spread传播。故选C。 15．C　那是作者现在会说五种不同语言的原因之一。A. that指代人或物，主要作主语或宾语；B. which指代物，主要作主语或宾语；C. why关系副词，作原因状语；D. how不引导定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，修饰reasons并在从句中作原因状语，用why。故选C。 Ⅴ.语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Yesterday, I went to an amazing Chinese art festival. There were different 1．__stands__(stand) where artists could demonstrate their skills and teach the visitors! As a foreign student like me, this experience 2．__has__been__regarded__(regard) as the most exciting one so far. What caught my attention first was a 15th－century qinghua bowl in a breathtaking 3．__exhibition__(exhibit) of Chinese porcelain(瓷器). It 4．__vividly__(vivid) illustrated a dragon playing with a ball. Then I tried some paper cutting, that is, making images out of paper. It was difficult, 5． __but__ a lot of fun! With the help of the artist, I managed to make one in the shape of a fish. Meanwhile, 6．__a__ woman at the next stand was using a needle and some thread to do some embroidery(刺绣), 7．__which__ looked so pretty! Then I went into a section 8．__decorated__(decorate) like a traditional Chinese study, 9．__with__ two beautiful Chinese paintings of a pine tree and some bamboo hung on the walls. There was also an old man writing Chinese calligraphy: his writing was so free and elegant! Another man 10．__sitting__(sit) next to him showed me how seal carving(印章篆刻) works. Chinese characters are carved into small squares of stone and stamped onto paper with ink. What an unforgettable experience and it will always stick in my memory! 【语篇解读】文章讲述作者在一次中国艺术节上的所见所闻。 1．stands　考查名词的数。句意：有不同的展台，艺术家可以展示他们的技能，并教游客！stand意为“展台”，是可数名词；根据空前的were可知，此处用复数形式作主语。故填stands。 2．has been regarded　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：作为一名像我这样的外国学生，这次经历被认为是迄今为止最令人兴奋的一次。根据so far可知，句子时态应用现在完成时，experience和regard之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此句子用现在完成时的被动语态。主语this experience表单数，所以谓语动词用单数形式。故填has been regarded。 3．exhibition　考查名词。句意：首先引起我注意的是这场令人惊叹的中国瓷器展览上的一件15世纪的青花瓷碗。breathtaking是形容词，修饰名词，exhibit的名词是exhibition，意为“展览”。故填exhibition。 4．vividly　考查副词。句意：它生动地描绘了一条龙在玩球。空格处用副词vividly修饰动词illustrated。故填vividly。 5．but　考查连词。句意：这很难，但是很有趣！It was difficult和a lot of fun之间是转折关系，因此空格处用but表转折。故填but。 6．a　考查冠词。句意：与此同时，另一个摊位上的一位女性正在用针和线做刺绣，看起来很漂亮！woman是可数名词，此处泛指“一位女士”，前面要加不定冠词，且woman以辅音音素开头。故填a。 7．which　考查定语从句。句意同上。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语。故填which。 8．decorated　考查非谓语动词。句意：然后我走进一个装饰得像中国传统书房的区域，墙上挂着两幅美丽的中国画，画的是一棵松树和一些竹子。分析句子结构可知，句子的谓语为went，因此空格处用非谓语动词，section和decorate之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，作后置定语。故填decorated。 9．with　考查介词。句意同上。此处是with复合结构，即“with＋名词＋过去分词”结构，因此空格处填介词with。故填with。 10．sitting　考查非谓语动词。句意：坐在他旁边的另一个人向我展示了印章篆刻的工作原理。分析句子结构可知，句子的谓语为showed，因此空格处用非谓语动词作定语，man和sit之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动。故填sitting。 Ⅵ.应用文写作 2024·珠海一中高一检测假定你是李华，你的美国笔友Tom给你写信咨询如何在班级创设浓厚的汉语学习氛围。请你根据内容提示用英语给他写一封回信。内容包括： 1．宣传标语用英汉双语； 2．开设汉语角； 3．邀请汉语外教来学校上课。 注意： 1．写作词数应为80左右； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 One possible version： Dear Tom， How are you doing？I'm glad to hear from you.From your letter, I know that your class will develop the students' interest in Chinese learning.Now I share some advice with you. To begin with，all the signs and slogans in your class should be written in both Chinese and English, which can create an atmosphere for you to learn Chinese.Secondly, you should set up a Chinese Corner in your class, where you can practise your spoken Chinese.Last but not least, you should invite some Chinese teachers who have a good command of Chinese to come to your class to communicate with students face to face.I do hope my suggestions can be helpful. I'm looking forward to getting your good news soon. Yours sincerely， Li Hua 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$