暑假语法预习（四）过去完成时2025-2026学年人教版（2012）九年级英语全册

九年级语法预习（四） 过去完成时 1、 定义 过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成的动作，即“过去的过去”。它强调两个过去动作的先后关系，先发生的动作用过去完成时，后发生的动作用一般过去时。 例句：When I arrived at the station, the train had left.（我到车站时，火车已经开走了。“火车开走”发生在“我到达”之前，即“过去的过去”。） 2、 构成 过去完成时的基本结构为：主语 + had + 动词的过去分词（done） 1. 肯定句：主语 + had + 过去分词 例句：She had finished her homework before 9 o’clock.（9点前她已经做完了她的家庭作业。） 2. 否定句：主语 + had + not + 过去分词（had not 可缩写为 hadn’t） 例句：He hadn’t seen the film before.（他之前没看过那部电影。） 3. 一般疑问句：Had + 主语 + 过去分词？ 例句：Had they left when you arrived?（你到的时候他们已经离开了吗？） 4. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + had + 主语 + 过去分词？ 例句：What had he done by the end of last month? （截止到上个月末他做了什么？） 3、 时间标志词 过去完成时常与表示“过去的过去”的时间状语连用，常见标志词： 1. by + 过去的时间点：by last week（到上周为止）、by 2020（到2020年为止） 2. before + 过去的时间/动作：before yesterday（昨天之前）、before he came（在他来之前） 3. after、until、when 引导的时间状语从句（从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时） 4. already（已经）、yet（还）、never（从未） 4、 用法 1.  表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成或完成了的动作/状态，即“过去的过去”。 例句：When I woke up, it had stopped raining.（我醒来时，雨已经停了。“雨停”发生在“我醒”之前。） 2. 表示某一动作或状态在过去某时之前已经开始，一直延续到这一过去时间，仍然有继续下去的可能。 例句：I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes. （我在车站已经等了20分钟。 20分钟前我就在等，一直等到现在，并且有可能继续等下去。） 3. 常用于told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句中。 例句：She said she had seen the movie.（她说她已经看过了这部电影。） 4. 与“hardly...when...”“no sooner...than...”连用表示“刚……就……”，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。 例句：Hardly had I got home when it began to rain. （我一到家，天就开始下起了雨。） 5. 用于It was the+序数词+time (that)...句型中，表示某人在过去第几次做了某事。 例句：It was the second time that she had been out of work that year.（这是她那一年第三次失业了。） 5、 过去完成时与一般过去时的区别 一般过去时：表示过去某个时间发生的动作或状态，不强调与其他过去动作的先后。 过去完成时：必须体现“过去的过去”，即动作发生在另一个过去动作之前。 例句：He came here yesterday.（一般过去时，仅说明“昨天来”） He said he had come here the day before.（过去完成时，“来”在“说”之前） 过去完成时练习 一、单项选择 1. By the time I got to the cinema, the film ______ for ten minutes. A. had begun B. has begun C. had been on D. has been on 2. She said she ______ the movie before. A. saw B. has seen C. had seen D. sees 3. When I arrived at the station, the train ______ already ______. A. has; left B. had; left C. will; leave D. is; leaving 4. He ______ English for five years before he went to America. A. learned B. has learned C. had learned D. learns 5. They ______ the work by the end of last month. A. finished B. have finished C. had finished D. will finish 6. I ______ my homework when my mother came back. A. had finished B. have finished C. finished D. finish 7. She told me that she ______ to Beijing twice. A. has been B. had been C. was D. is 8. By 2020, he ______ in this school for 10 years. A. teaches B. taught C. has taught D. had taught 9. Hardly ______ the house when it started to rain. A. did I leave B. I left C. had I left D. I had left 10. He ______ asleep before I could tell him the news. A. fell B. has fallen C. had fallen D. falls 11. The meeting ______ when we got there. A. had begun B. has begun C. began D. begins 12. I didn’t know who ______ the window. A. broke B. has broken C. had broken D. breaks 13. She said she ______ the letter before I came. A. wrote B. has written C. had written D. writes 14. By the time Tom was ten, he ______ 1,000 English words. A. learns B. learned C. has learned D. had learned 15. No sooner ______ than the bell rang. A. he arrived B. did he arrive C. he had arrived D. had he arrived 二、用所给单词的正确形式填空 1. When I got home, my brother ______ (already / go) to bed. 2. She said she ______ (see) the film three times. 3. By last year, they ______ (live) in this city for 15 years. 4. He ______ (not / finish) his homework before his mother came back. 5. The rain ______ (stop) when we went out. 6. I ______ (never / meet) him before he moved here. 7. She told me she ______ (lose) her key. 8. By the end of last month, we ______ (learn) 500 new words. 9. He ______ (read) the book before he attended the meeting. 10. They ______ (leave) when I arrived at the party. 11. My father ______ (work) in that factory for 20 years before he retired. 12. I ______ (know) her for a long time before we became friends. 13. The plane ______ (take off) when we got to the airport. 14. He said he ______ (buy) a new car the week before. 15. She ______ (cook) dinner by the time her husband came home. 参考答案 一、单项选择 1-5 CCBCC 6-10 ABDCC 11-15 ACCDD 二、用所给单词的正确形式填空 1. had already gone 2. had seen 3. had lived 4. hadn’t finished 5. had stopped 6. had never met 7. had lost 8. had learned/learnt 9. had read 10. had left 11. had worked 12. had known 13. had taken off 14. had bought 15. had cooked 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$