UNIT 5 SECTION 5 LESSON 3-【创新教程】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第二册五维课堂同步Word教案（北师大版2019）

SECTION Ⅴ　LESSON 3 [教材原文] On 1 June, 1910，Captain Robert Falcon Scott left London to begin his journey to Antarctica. While he was on the way to Antarctica, he received a message from the Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen which said he was going south, too.Then the race to the South Pole began! During the polar summer of 1910－1911, both teams organised food bases in preparation for their journeys the next year.Then came the total darkness of the polar winter. Scott and Amundsen waited anxiously for spring. Amundsen was the first to leave on 8 September, 1911.He had teams of dogs pulling the sledges and all his men were on skis.Because of this, he made rapid progress.Scott left on 1 November and soon had problems.First, his two sledges broke down and then the horses began to have serious difficulties with the snow and the cold.After a while, Scott and his men had to push the sledges themselves. Amundsen reached the Pole on 14 December, 1911 and put a Norwegian flag there.Then he prepared for the return journey.Amundsen and his team arrived safely back to their starting base on 25 January, 1912, ten days ahead of their planned schedule. Scott finally arrived at the Pole with four team members on 17 January,1912. They were shocked when they saw the Norwegian flag.Scott wrote in his diary： “Well, we have now lost the goal of our ambition and must face 800 miles of hard pushing－and goodbye to most of our dreams. ” The return journey was one of the worst in the history of exploration.The men were soon very tired and were running out of food.The weather conditions were terrible.Scott started to realise their hopeless situation： “We are very cheerful ，but what each man feels in his heart I can only guess.Putting on our shoes in the morning is getting slower and slower.” However, on their way back they found time to look for rocks.They carried twenty kilos of rocks all the way with them.Later, these rocks proved that at one time in the distant past, the continent of Antarctica was covered by plants. Then disaster came.Edgar Evans had a terrible disease and died after a bad fall.The next to go was Captain Oates, who was having great difficulty walking.Scott recorded his death： “He said，‘I am just going outside and may be some time.’．..We knew that poor Oates was walking to his death, but though we tried to stop him, we knew that it was the act of a brave man and an English gentleman.We all hope to meet the end with a similar spirit, and certainly the end is not far.” Scott and two of his team members carried on and got within eleven miles of one of their food bases.But then a terrible storm started and they could not leave their tent.Scott spent some of his last hours writing.He wrote a letter full of sadness to his wife Kathleen： “I could tell you lots and lots about this journey.What stories you would have for the boy...but what a price to pay.” Scott's diary also told the story of their end： “We are getting weaker and weaker and the end can't be far.It seems a pity, but I do not think I can write more.” The news of Scott's death shocked the world.Even Amundsen was moved by Scott's death saying “Captain Scott left a record, for honesty, sincerity，for bravery，for everything that makes a man”．Scott had failed to win the race to the Pole, but the great courage shown by Scott and his men made them heroes. [汉语译文] 1910年6月1日，罗伯特·福尔肯·斯科特上校(captain)离开了伦敦，开始了去南极洲的行程。在去往南极洲的途中，他收到了挪威探险家(explorer)罗尔德·阿蒙森的一封信，信中说他也要去南极洲。于是，奔向南极的赛跑就开始了！ 在1910－1911年的极地的(polar)夏季，两支队伍都建了食品储备基地(base)，为来年的旅程做准备(preparation)。极地的冬季来临时，四周一片黑暗。斯科特和阿蒙森焦急地(anxiously)等待春天的到来。 1911年9月8日，阿蒙森第一个动身。他用几队狗拉雪橇(sledge)，所有的队员都在滑雪板(ski)上行进。因此，他进展很快。11月1日，斯科特动身，但很快就出现了问题。先是他的两辆雪橇坏了(break down)，后来马匹开始在大雪和严寒的天气下出现严重的问题。过了一阵子，斯科特和他的队员不得不自己推雪橇。 1911年12月14日，阿蒙森到达极点，在那里插上了挪威国旗。然后他准备返回。1912年1月25日，阿蒙森和他的团队比计划的行程提前了10天安全抵达了他们出发的基地。 1912年1月17日，斯科特和四名队员终于到达了极点。 当看到挪威国旗时，他们非常震惊。斯科特在日记中写道： “好吧，我们现在已经失去了我们奋斗(ambition)的目标，而且必须要面对800英里的艰苦行进——并且要跟我们大多数人的梦想说再见。” 他们的回程是探险(exploration)史上最糟糕的旅程之一。队员们很快就精疲力竭，食物也快吃完了。天气非常糟糕。斯科特开始意识到他们的处境令人绝望： “我们看上去都很愉快，但我能猜出大家心里的想法。大家早上穿鞋子的速度越来越慢。” 然而，在回去的路上，他们还花时间去寻找了岩石。他们一路上带着二十公斤的石头。后来，通过这些石块可以证实(prove)，在遥远的(distant)过去，南极洲(continent)曾经被植被覆盖。 然后灾难来了。埃德加·埃文斯得了一种可怕的疾病，重重地跌倒后去世了。下一个离去的是奥茨船长，他连走路都很困难。斯科特记下了他的死亡： “他说，‘我要出去一下，可能会待上一会儿。’……我们知道可怜的奥茨正走向死亡，尽管我们曾试图阻止他，但我们都知道这是一个勇敢的人、一个英国绅士的行为。我们都希望能以同样的精神挺到最后，我们也确实快走到最后了。” 斯科特上校和两名队员继续向前，到达距离食品储备点不足11英里的地方，但随后爆发了一场可怕的风暴，他们无法离开帐篷(tent)。在他生命的最后几个小时里，斯科特花时间写下一些文字。他写了一封充满悲伤的信给妻子凯瑟琳： “关于这次旅行我有太多太多的事情想告诉你。很多你愿意给孩子讲的故事……但付出了很大的代价啊。” 斯科特的日记也讲述了他们的结局： “我们变得越来越虚弱，终点可能不远了。非常遗憾，但我想我无法继续写下去了。” 斯科特死亡的消息震惊了全世界。甚至阿蒙森也被斯科特的离世所触动，他说：“斯科特上校将永载史册，因为他诚实(honesty)、真诚(sincerity)、勇敢(bravery)，并拥有一个男人该有的一切。”斯科特没能赢得极点比赛，但斯科特和他的队员表现出的巨大勇气使他们成了英雄。 ●基础单词 1. tent n．帐篷 2. captain n．队长；组长 3. ambition n．抱负，雄心；追求，夙愿 4. cheerful adj.高兴的，兴高采烈的 5. prove vt.证明；证实 6. continent n．洲，大洲；大陆 ●拓展单词 1．explorer n．探险者；勘察者→ explore v．探险；勘探→ exploration n．探险；勘探；勘查 2．preparation n．预备，准备→ prepare vt.准备 3．base n．基地，大本营；基础 vt.以……为基础→ basic adj.基本的 n．基本，要素→ basically adv.基本上，本质上，大致说来 4．anxiously adv.焦虑地；不安地→ anxious adj.忧虑的；不安的→ anxiety n．担心；焦虑；渴望 5．distant adj.久远的；遥远的→ distance n．距离；远方 6．honesty n．坦诚；诚实，正直→ honest adj.诚实的 7．bravery n．勇气；勇敢的行为→ brave adj.勇敢的 1．make preparations 做准备 2. make progress 取得进步 3. after a while 不久；过一会儿 4. prepare for the return journey 准备回程 5. all the way 一路上；自始至终 6. at one time 曾经，一度 7. break down 停止运转，出故障 8. have difficulties with 应对……有困难 1．完全倒装句。 Then came the total darkness of the polar winter. 极地的冬季来临了，四周一片漆黑。 2．what引导的名词性从句在句中作guess的宾语。 We are very cheerful，but what each man feels in his heart I can only guess. 我们看上去都很愉快，但我能猜出大家心里的想法。 3．have sb./sth.doing的形式。 He had teams of dogs pulling the sledges... 他用几队狗拉雪橇…… Read the text carefully and choose the best answers. 1．What is the text mainly about? A．A great explorer. B．Two teams' journey to the South pole. C．A worst disaster. D．A race between two teams. 答案：B 2．Which of the following is a fact about the team of Captain Scott? A．Captain Scott set out earlier than Roald Amundsen. B．Captain Scott started on 1 June 1910 and marched non­stop till 17 January,1912. C．On their way back，they carried 20 kilos of rocks all the way with them. D．The whole team died from hunger. 答案：C 3．Which of the following can NOT be the cause of the failure of the race for Captain Scott? A．They had to push the sledge themselves. B．A storm broke out at a wrong time. C．They spent time writing home instead of struggling. D．The horses began to have serious difficulties with the snow and the cold. 答案：C 4．The story mainly tells us ________ . A．an experience of the race to the Pole B．the lesson from Captain Scott C．the way to the South Pole can be too hard D．enough food will ensure us to go 答案：A 5．How long did it take Amundsen and his team to get to the South Pole? A．Less than one month. B．Less than two months. C．More than two months. D．More than three months. 答案：D 1．preparation n．预备，准备 (1)in preparation for...准备…… make preparations for...为……做准备 (2)prepare vt.使做好准备； 把……准备好；预备 prepare to do sth.准备做某事 prepare sb.for 使某人为……做好准备 prepare for...为……做准备 (3)prepared adj. 有所准备的；愿意的；事先做好的 be/get prepared for sth.为某事做好准备 be/get prepared to do sth. 为做某事做好准备 ◆[经典佳句] With your assistance，I will make full preparations for the meeting. 在您的帮助下，我将为会议做好充分的准备。 Mother is preparing us a meal.We may wash our hands and prepare for the meal. 妈妈正在给我们准备饭，我们可以洗手准备吃饭了。 ◆[名师点津] (1)preparation用作不可数名词时表示“准备，预备”，常用于in preparation (for sth. )短语中； (2)用作可数名词时表示具体的“准备工作”，常与动词make连用，组成make preparations for。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——应用性 完成句子 ① In preparation for the 2024 Olympic Games，he trains hard every day. 为迎接2024年的奥运会，他每天都刻苦训练。 ②He didn't make anypreparationfor this exam，so he failed. 他考试前没做任何准备，所以没及格。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——创新性 翻译句子 ③我们正为即将到来的考试做准备。 Wearemakingpreparationsfor/preparingfor the coming exam . 2．the first to leave　第一个动身离开 (1)序数词或被序数词及形容词最高级等修饰的名词后接非谓语动词作定语时，非谓语动词通常使用不定式。 (2)next，only，last等词限定名词时，常用不定式作后置定语。 (3)ability，chance，excuse，promise，attempt，belief，way，right，plan等抽象名词后接不定式作定语。 ◆[经典佳句] Who is the first person in the world to land on the moon? 谁是世界上第一个登上月球的人？ What's the quickest way to get to the railway station? 去火车站最快的方式是什么？ The next thing to do is to keep the machine on for five minutes. 接下来要做的事让机器运行五分钟。 I don't trust his promise to come for a visit. 我不相信他会来拜访的诺言。 He said he had no plans to go abroad. 他说他没有出国的打算。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——基础性 单句语法填空 ①You can ask that girl standing there for she is the third to reach (reach) the spot. ②—The last one to arrive (arrive) pays the meal. —Agreed. ③The best way to learn (learn) is to learn by experience. ④The only thing for you to do (do) is apologise to her. ⑤George，you are no longer a little boy.You should have the ability to tell (tell) right from wrong. 3．base n．基地，大本营；基础 vt.以……为基地 (1)base... on/upon 把……置于……基础之上 be based on/upon 以……为基础/根据 (2)basic adj.基础的，基本的 (3)basically adv. 基本上，大体上；从根本上说 ◆[经典佳句] You should base your conclusion on/upon careful research.你应该以审慎的研究为基础而下结论。 Magic is a form of entertainment that is based on pretending to do things that are impossible. 魔术是一种娱乐形式，基于假装做出不可能的事。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——基础性 单句语法填空 ① Basic (base) research is of great importance in all scientific fields. ② Based (base) on a true story，the novel is popular soon. ◆[“四翼”考查]——创新性 翻译句子 ③医患关系是以信任为基础的。(be based on) The doctor­patient relationship is based on trust . 4．prove vt.证明；证实 prove sth.to sb.向某人证明某事 prove oneself (to be) ...证明自己是…… prove (to be)＋n./adj.原来是；证明是 prove that/wh­从句 证明 It is proved that...据证明…… ◆[经典佳句] He is anxious to find a chance to prove his ability to his boss. 他急于找机会向老板证明自己的能力。 Finding a small neighborhood in a vast country proved to be impossible. 事实证明，要在一个幅员辽阔的国家里找到一个小社区是不可能的。 It is proved that this method is effective. 据证明这种方法是行之有效的。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——基础性 单句语法填空 ①She proved herself (her) to be an able secretary. ②By 1914 Einstein's theory proved to be (be) correct. ③ It is proved that our plan has worked smoothly. ④Can you prove your theory to us? 5．break down 停止运转，出故障；(身体等)垮掉；失败；使分解 break out 突然爆发 break up 粉碎；结束；解散 break through 获得重大发现； 取得重大突破；冲出 break away from逃脱；脱离 break off 中断；折断 break in 插嘴；打断；闯入 ◆[经典佳句] He broke away from his family and has gone to live in America. 他离家出走，去美国定居了。 Talks with business leaders broke down last night.昨晚，商界领导人之间的谈判失败了。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——基础性 写出下列句中break down的含义 ①Her health broke down under the pressure of work. 垮掉 ②I left London when my marriage broke down. 失败 ③The car broke down just north of Paris. 出故障 ④Food is broken down in the stomach. 使分解 ◆[“四翼”考查]——应用性 完成句子 ⑤Angry people broke through (冲过) the barriers despite of warnings from the police. ⑥Two world wars have broken out (爆发) in our planet so far. 6．have difficulties with 应对……有困难 have difficulty (in) doing sth.做某事有困难 have trouble/problems (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难/麻烦 have some trouble/problems with sth. 在某事方面有些困难/麻烦 have no trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth. 毫不费力地做某事 with difficulty有困难 ◆[经典佳句] The patient was found having difficulty in breathing.病人被发现时呼吸困难。 If you lack sleep，you might have problems with your memory.如果你缺乏睡眠，你的记忆可能会出问题。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——基础性 单句语法填空 ①Teenagers often have difficulty expressing (express) themselves. ②Such people have difficulty with simple activities because they are overweight. ③You'd better ask your teacher when you have problems in learning English. ④Whenever we have trouble with our studies, our teachers help us patiently. ⑤The halls are nothing but rooms, and it is with difficulty that the air can be changed in them. ⑥On the fourth or fifth night，we had trouble finding (find) a hotel with a vacancy. 7．ambition n．抱负，雄心；追求，夙愿 (1)a lack of ambition 缺乏抱负 be full of ambition 充满野心 achieve/fulfill/realise an ambition 实现夙愿 have an ambition to do sth.渴望做某事 (2)ambitious adj.有雄心的；野心勃勃的 be ambitious for 渴望得到……； 对……野心勃勃 ◆[经典佳句] She's clever but lacks ambition.她很聪明，但是缺乏抱负。 Her lifelong ambition was to be a teacher.当一名教师是她终生追求的目标。 They were very ambitious for their children.他们望子成龙心切。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——基础性 单句语法填空 ①He is an ambitious (ambition) person, and I admire him very much. ②He is ambitious for power，so he is working hard and hope to get promoted. ③A businessman's ambition (ambitious) is usually to make a lot of money. ④I have an ambition to become (become) a doctor and make a difference in people's lives. ◆[“四翼”考查]——应用性 完成句子 ⑤She works hard very hard to achieve her ambition (实现她的夙愿)of being a successful businesswoman. 8．distant adj.久远的；遥远的；冷淡的；远亲的 (1)be distant with 疏远，远离 be distant from ...离……远 (2)distance n．距离；远方；冷淡 in the distance在远方 at/from a distance从远处；遥远地 at a distance of ...隔多远，在多远处 within walking distance步行就能到 keep one's distance (from...) (与……)保持距离 keep sb. at a distance 与某人保持一定距离；不愿与某人亲近 ◆[经典佳句] He is a trouble­maker.You must be distant with him. 他是个捣蛋鬼，你不要跟他在一起。 He remained distant from the people he worked with. 他对同事们敬而远之。 You can see the mountains in the distance. 你可以看见远处的山。 Oil paintings are to be appreciated at a distance. 油画要在一定的距离外欣赏。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——基础性 写出下列句中distant的含义 ①A distant relative is not as good as a near neighbour.远亲的 ②His stepson is still very distant towards him.疏远的 ③It snows all the year round in that distant little village.遥远的 ◆[“四翼”考查]——应用性 完成句子 ④ From a distance (从很远的距离)the child heard a woman's scream. ⑤They have always kept their distance from (与……保持距离)the neighbours. 1．(教材P36) Then_came the total darkness of the polar winter.极地的冬季来临了，四周一片漆黑。 [句式结构]　该句为完全倒装句。主语为the total darkness of the polar winter，谓语为came。 ◆[规律总结] (1)表示地点的副词here，there，up，down，out，in，away位于句首时，句子用完全倒装。 (2)表示时间的副词now，then位于句首时，句子用完全倒装。 (3)表语以及表示地点的介词短语位于句首时，句子用完全倒装。 (4)完全倒装句中的谓语动词常是系动词be或come，go，lie，stand等不及物动词，且主语是名词。 ◆[经典佳句] Then came a new difficulty. 这时又出了一个新难题。 Gone are the days when we were looked down upon.我们被瞧不起的日子一去不复返了。 In the yard stands a tall tree.院子里有一棵大树。 ◆[名师点津] (1)这种完全倒装结构的时态只限于一般现在时或一般过去时。 (2)谓语动词的单复数视后面主语的单复数而定。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——应用性 用完全倒装结构完成下列句子 ①At the foot of the mountain lives an old man (住着一位老人)． ②Out rushed a big dog (一条大狗冲了出来)． ③North of the village lies a river (有一条河)． 2．(教材P36) He_had_teams_of_dogs_pulling_ the sledges and all his men were on skis.他让成群的狗拉着雪橇，所有人都坐在滑雪板上。 [句式结构]　“have＋宾语＋宾语补足语”的句型结构。其中have是使役动词，意为“使，叫，让”。 ◆[规律总结] (1)have sb. /sth. doing 让某人做某事(动作具有持续进行的含义) (2)have sb. do 让某人做某事 (3)have sth. done 让/请别人做某事；遭受到 ◆[经典佳句] They tried to have her talking，but no use. 他们想让她说话，但没用。 She had planned to have her daughter marry Laurie.她本打算让她的女儿嫁给劳里。 As we left we had a photograph taken together. 临走时，我们一起照相了。 ◆[误区规避]　语法填空： He had us ________ (laugh) all through the meal. (可能失误)填 to laugh/laughed (正确表达)填laughing (错误分析)have sb.doing sth.表示“让/使某人保持/持续做某事”；have sth.done则表示请别人做某事。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——基础性 单句语法填空 ①He had his favorite Alsatian dog poisoned (poison) and two other dogs in the household shot (shoot)． ②She'll have you doing (do) all the housework if you're not careful. ③The rich lady had the singer eat (eat) with her servants. ④He had his leg broken (break) while skiing. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$