UNIT 5 SECTION 4 LESSON 2-【创新教程】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第二册五维课堂同步Word教案（北师大版2019）

SECTION Ⅳ LESSON 2 ●基础单词 1. rescue n．& vt.营救；救援 2. vehicle n．交通工具，车辆 3. trap vt.困住；使陷于危险中 4. attempt n．&vt.努力，尝试，企图 5. loss n．丧失；死亡 6. damage n．伤害，损伤，损害 7. measure vt.估量，衡量；测量 8. process n．过程，进程 9. battle n．较量，竞争；斗争；战斗 10. duty n．职责，义务；责任 11. nearby adv.附近 ●拓展单词 1. interrupt vt.打断讲话→interruption n．中断，打断，中止 2．death n．死；死亡→ die vi.死亡 → dead adj.死亡的 3．operation n．操作；经营→ operator n．电脑操作员；接线员→ operate v．操作；经营 4．suffering n．(肉体或精神上的)痛苦；折磨→ suffer vt.&vi.遭受； 忍受； 经历 5．conduct vt.实施；进行；执行 vi.& vt.指挥→ conductor n．(公交车)售票员；列车员；(乐队)指挥 6．protection n．保护；防护→ protect v．保护 7．breathe v．呼吸→ breath n．呼吸 1. a natural disaster 自然灾难 2. try one's best 尽某人最大的努力 3．provide...for...给……提供…… 4. a very challenging process 非常具有挑战性的过程 5. a battle against time 与时间的斗争 6. under pressure 在压力下 7. feel/be proud of 为……感到自豪 8. away from 远离 9. breathe in 吸入 10. run out of 用完 1．动词不定式作状语，表示方式。 ...that is hard to measure. ……很难测量。 2．动词不定式作表语。 Our first and most important goal is to do sth. 我们的首要目标是(做……)。 1．rescue n．& vt.营救；救援-- (1)rescue sb. /sth. from ... 从……中营救出某人/某物 (2)come/go/run/rush to one's rescue 来/去援救某人 (3)rescuer n．救援人员 ◆[经典佳句] David rescued a fisherman from the storm at sea. 戴维从海上的风暴中救出了一个渔民。 No one came to their rescue until the following day.直到第二天才有人来救他们。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——基础性 单句语法填空 ①I didn't know anybody at the party，but the hostess came to my rescue. ②The lifeboat rescued the sailors from the sinking boat. ◆[“四翼”考查]——创新性 翻译句子 ③他溺水被人救起。 He was rescued from drowning . ④老人跑去援救她。 The old man ran to her rescue . 2．trap vt .困住；使陷于危险中 n．圈套；陷阱 (1)be trapped in...被困于……中， 陷入……中 trap sb. into doing sth. 诱骗某人做某事 (2)lay/set 　a　 trap for 给……设圈套 fall/walk into a trap 落入陷阱，落入圈套 ◆[经典佳句] The lift broke down and we were trapped in it.电梯出故障了，我们被困其中。 They trapped him into signing the contract. 他们诱骗他签了合同。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——基础性 单句语法填空 ①They had been trapped (trap) in the cave for 20 days before rescued. ②The thief fell into the trap set by the police. ③They trapped her into telling (tell) where the gift was hidden. ◆[“四翼”考查]——应用性 完成句子 ④The fox can't escape from the trap (从陷阱中逃脱)． ⑤They found themselves trapped in the burning building (被困在着火的大楼里) as soon as they woke up. 3．attempt n．&vt.努力，尝试，企图 (1)attempt to do sth. 试图做某事 (2)make an attempt to do/at doing sth. 试图做某事 in an attempt to do sth. 试图做某事 at/on the first attempt 第一次尝试 (3) attempted adj. 企图的，未遂的 ◆[经典佳句] They are attempting to climb the steepest part of the mountain. 他们正尝试攀登那座山最陡峭的部分。 The prisoner made an attempt to escape，but in vain.囚犯妄图逃跑，但是徒劳。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——应用性 完成句子 ①The students who are not successful at/on the first attempt may take the exam again. 第一次考试不及格的学生可参加补考。 ②I made no attempt to make friends with her. 我没有打算和她做朋友。 ③Don't attempt to do/make an attempt at doing so much in such a short time. 时间这么短，别想着做这么多的事。 4．damage n．伤害，损伤，损害 vt.损害；损毁 (1)cause/do damage to 给……带来/造成损害 (2)be badly damaged 遭受严重损害 damage one's health 损害某人的健康 ◆[经典佳句] I come to you to appologize for the damage I had caused. 我来找你是为我让你所受到的伤害道歉。 Smoking will damage your health. 抽烟会损害你的健康。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——应用性 完成句子 ①Any one of these could cause/do damage to a spacecraft . 其中任何一样东西都会对宇宙飞船造成破坏。 ②The car was badly damaged when it hit the wall.当汽车撞到墙上时，车身损毁得很严重。 ③Eating junk food will badly damage your health .吃垃圾食品会严重损害你的健康。 5．measure vt.估量，衡量；测量n.措施；尺寸，程度 (1)take measures to do sth. 采取措施做某事 make... to one's own measure 根据某人的尺寸做(衣服) take sb.'s measure 给某人量尺寸 in some measure 在某种程度上 beyond measure 非常，极其 (2)measurement n．测量，衡量，尺寸 ◆[经典佳句] Our government is trying to take measures to prevent and control pollution. 我们的政府正试图采取措施，防止和控制污染。 Emotional intelligence cannot be measured by an IQ test. 情商不能通过智商测试来衡量。 ◆[名师点津] 当measure表示“量起来有……长/高/宽……”时，是不及物动词，不用于被动语态。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——基础性 单句语法填空 ①We've taken measures (measure) to solve the housing problem. ②This bridge measures (measure) 5 kilometres long. ◆[“四翼”考查]——应用性 完成句子 ③Can you measure the height of the tower without using any equipment? 你能不用任何设备测出这座塔的高度吗？ ④ Some measures have been taken , but they haven't worked up to now. 已经采取了一些措施，但它们到现在还未起作用。 ⑤The government should take effective measures to solve the issues of food safety. 政府应采取有效措施解决食品安全问题。 6．process n．过程，进程 vt.加工；处理vi.列队行进 (1)in the process of (doing) sth.在(做)某事的过程中，在……的进行中 in process (某事)正在进行 (2)processed adj.已经制成的 ◆[经典佳句] With any luck, he'll turn a few more heads in the process.如果运气好的话，他会在这个过程中吸引更多的人。 How fast does the computer process the data? 这台计算机处理数据有多快？ ◆[“四翼”考查]——基础性 单句语法填空 ①Her novel is in the process of being turned into a television series. ②The students processed into the dining room. ③Grocery stores sell many foods that have been processed (process)． ④However, if others benefit in the process ，and I get some reward too, does it really matter where my motivation lies? ⑤They are required to process (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other. 7．battle n．较量；竞争；斗争；战斗v.搏斗；斗争 (1)do battle over 就……进行斗争/争论a battle for 为获得……的战斗/搏斗 (2)battle with/against 与……作斗争 ◆[经典佳句] It was one of the most key battles in the whole war. 那是整个战争中最关键的战役之一。 The firemen battled to control the flames.消防员与烈火搏斗以控制火势。 The teams battle for the prize in the football match. 各队在足球比赛中争夺奖品。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——基础性 单句语法填空 ①He fought bravely in many battles (battle) and gained their respect. ②There's tension and anxiety from the beginning as Nick and Amy battle for your trust. ③I have done battle with my conscience over whether I should actually send this letter. ④She has fought a constant battle with/against her weight. ⑤Doctors battled (battle) throughout the night to save her life. 8．breathe vt.& vi.呼吸 (1)breathe in 吸气 breathe out 呼气 breathe deeply深呼吸 breathe a sign of relief 如释重负，松了口气 (2)breath n．呼吸；呼吸的空气 take a deep breath 深呼吸 hold/catch one's breath 屏住呼吸 out of breath 上气不接下气 (3)breathless adj.屏息的；气喘吁吁的 ◆[经典佳句] Hold your breath for a count of five，then slowly breathe out.屏住呼吸数五下，然后慢慢地呼气。 He was out of breath after running. 他跑完步后，上气不接下气。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——应用性 完成句子 ①We lifted our heads to breathe in the fresh，clear air . 我们抬起头，吸进新鲜、干净的空气。 ②After climbing that long flight of stairs she was completely out of breath . 爬完这么长的一段楼梯后，她已经完全喘不过气来了。 ③The doctor told him to breathe in deeply and then breathe out . 医生让他先深深吸一口气，然后再把气呼出来。 9．run out 用完；耗尽 run out of 用完……，耗尽…… run across 偶然遇到 run after 追赶 run away 突然离开；逃离 run over 撞倒，撞翻 ◆[经典佳句] When the thief ran across a policeman，he ran away.当小偷看到警察的时候，他立刻逃走了。 We have run out of sugar.Go and buy some. 我们已经把糖用完了。去买点回来。 ◆[名师点津] run out of为及物动词短语，可接宾语，也可用于被动语态，其主语为人；run out为不及物动词短语，不能接宾语，也不能用于被动语态，其主语为物。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——基础性 单句语法填空 ①I ran across him on the street the other day. ②The policemen were running after a prisoner who escaped last night. ③The horse became frightened and then ran away . ④Petrol is running out ，so I have to stop at the next filling station. ⑤He was run over by a bus and killed. ◆[“四翼”考查]——创新性 同义句转换 ⑥We must go home.Our money has given out. →We must go home.Our money has run out . ⑦He has used up all the hot water. →He has run out of all the hot water. 10．interrupt v．打断讲话；打扰；阻断；遮挡；中断 (1)interrupt sb. ( with sth.) (用某事)打断某人sorry to interrupt 对不起，打扰一下 be interrupted by 受到……打扰 (2)sorry for interrupting... 对不起，打扰一下 (3)interruption n．打断；打扰 without interruption 不间断地，连续不断地 ◆[经典佳句] Excuse me, I wonder if I could interrupt you for a moment. 对不起，我能不能打扰您一会儿。 These new flats will interrupt our view of the sea. 这些新公寓将遮住我们眺望海景的视野。 I managed to work for two hours without interruption. 我连续让自己工作了两个小时。 [易混辨析] interrupt/disturb ·interrupt指的是打断别人的交谈，或是正在进行的事情； ·disturb指的是别人在专心做某件事情，或是在休息的时候，去打扰了对方。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——基础性 单句语法填空 ①He was angry at being interrupted with such silly questions in his speech. ②Their conversation was interrupted (interrupt) by a phone call from Nina. ③Sorry to interrupt (interrupt), but there's someone to see you. ④The functions of our government continue without interruption (interrupt)． ◆[“四翼”考查]——应用性 完成句子 ⑤Andy's thoughts were suddenly interrupted by (突然被打断) a sharp voice. ⑥ Sorry to interrupt (对不起，打扰一下)，but I have to remind you of the time. 1．(教材P34) Our first and most important goal is to (do_sth.) .我们首要目标是(做……)。 [句式结构]　句中不定式to (do)作表语，表示按约定、计划、职责、义务、要求等即将发生的动作，这是将来时的一种用法。 ◆[规律总结] 不定式作表语时还有下列用法： (1)表示必须或应该，在意思上相当于must，should，ought to或have to。 (2)用来表示注定要发生或不可避免要发生的事。 (3)如果主语是以aim，duty，hope，idea，happiness，job，plan，problem，purpose，thing，wish等为中心的名词，或what引导的名词性从句，不定式作表语对主语起补充说明的作用。 ◆[经典佳句] The bridge is to be built next year. 大桥将在明年修建。 They are to pay a visit to the teacher together at ten tomorrow morning. 他们准备明天上午十点钟一起去看望这位老师。 Our aim is to catch up with the world's advanced level at the end of this century. 我们的目标是要在本世纪末达到世界先进水平。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——应用性 完成句子 ①When are you to start ? 你什么时候动身？ ②You are to be back by 10 o'clock. 你应该在十点之前回来。 ③The problem is to find a solution . 问题是要找到一个解决方法。 2．(教材P102)．..that is hard to_measure . ……很难测量。 [句式结构]　 本句为主系表状句型结构，动词不定式 to measure 作方式状语，表示“测量起来”。 ◆[规律总结] 动词不定式作方式状语时，使用主动形式表示被动意义。 (1)动词不定式与句子的主语要构成动宾关系，即：measure the damage (that 替代)。 (2)动词不定式，如果是不及物动词，则需添加介词或副词。 (3)动词不定式不可使用to be done。 ◆[经典佳句] The car made in China is comfortable to drive. 由中国制造的这辆车驾驶起来很舒服。 The problem is difficult to deal with. 这个问题很难处理。 ◆[误区规避]　语法填空： The long sentence is hard ________(explain) to pupils. (可能失误)填to be explained (正确表达)填to explain (错误分析)动词不定式作方式状语时，要使用 to do形式，与主语sentence构成动宾关系。 ◆[“四翼考查”]——应用性 完成句子 ①Computer programs are not easy to design . 电脑程序不易设计。 ②The baby is hard to look after ，so the babysitter has resigned. 这个小孩很难缠(照看)，所以保姆辞职了。 单句改错 ③The student, after careful consideration，found the problem easy to work.(work_后加out) ④The rescue supplies are difficult to be put into the storehouse.(删除be) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$