Unit 1 Our living planet Reading 课件-2025-2026学年高中英语译林版(2020)选修第一册

牛津译林版高中英语学程一课件 Unit 1 Our living planet Reading Page 2-5 制作者：桂东一中　李宇平 ◆ 内容分析 【What】本板块的语篇用轻科普的方式描述海洋不同深度区域的生态环境、海洋物种及其生活习性。三个不同的区域分别是透光区 （the open ocean）、暮光区（the twilight zone）和深海区（the deep ocean）。在透光区，大部分海洋生物生活在这里；在暮光区，各种鱼类经过长期的进化适应了其特殊的生态环境；在深海区，许多生活在这种极端环境下的生物有特殊的生存特征。在洋底，生物依赖地底喷发出来的热量而生存，这里还有马里亚纳海沟这样独特的地质构造。 【Why】本文以纪录片的形式带领学生走进壮阔静谧的海洋，探秘奇妙深邃的海洋世界，培养我们学习海洋科学知识的兴趣，激发我们探究海底未知世界的愿望。 【How】本文是一篇典型的纪录片文字稿，按照从海洋表面到海洋底部的空间顺序介绍神奇的海洋世界。文章结构清晰，主线分明，语言准确且通俗易懂。第一段引入话题；第二至第四段分别介绍透光区、暮光区和深海区的相关情况；最后一段总结全文并通过问句引发读者对未来海洋探索的期待。文章的目的是科普海洋不同分层的相关知识。作者运用一些感叹句和疑问句，有利于引发读者的情感共鸣，拉近与读者之间的距离。文章采用空间顺序清晰介绍海洋世界的写作方法值得借鉴。 ◆ 教学目标 By the end of this section, we will be able to: 1.give a brief introduction to different zones of the ocean; 2. analyse the writing techniques of the documentary transcript; 3.explain the advantages of deep-sea exploration; 4. use spatial order to describe things as they are observed; 5.develop their interest in the scientific exploration of the sea. spa·tial  /ˈspeɪʃl/ ( spa·cial )空间的 The ocean is full of magic and mystery. The documentary transcript below describes the amazing world beneath the ocean. Before you read the transcript, think about the following questions: magic  /ˈmædʒɪk/魔力；魅力；神奇 • What do you know about the world beneath the ocean? The ocean covers around 71% of the surface of our planet. The world beneath it is vast and mysterious. In fact, only a small percentage of the ocean below the surface has been explored and charted.测绘 However, the parts that we have explored contain interesting finds. We have found the blue whale, which is the largest known living animal on the Earth. We have also found a 65,000-kilometre-long mountain range beneath the ocean, which is the world’s longest. There are also many spectacular underwater volcanoes. find  /faɪnd/ 发现物,被发现的人(尤指有趣、有价值或有用者) mountain range 山脉 • Would you dive to the ocean bottom if you had the chance? Why or why not? Yes, I would. Not many people get to explore the depths of the ocean, so if I had the chance, I would take it. Considering that only a small percentage of the ocean below the surface has been explored and charted, I think my chances of discovering a new life form or something unusual and interesting could be high. Many mysteries above ground have already been discovered, so the ocean may be the final frontier that I want to explore! 生物；活物 No, I would not. Besides the obvious dangers of being in the ocean such as getting attacked by ocean animals, exploring the depths of the ocean may also create some unknown ones. The ocean has many unique ecosystems and exploring them recklessly could cause some species to disappear. We have no idea how this would affect the rest of the planet. Moreover, noise and light pollution, as well as poisonous chemical leaks, could create problems for ocean life forms. reck·less  /ˈrekləs/ 鲁莽的；不计后果的；无所顾忌的 poi·son·ous/ˈpɔɪzənəs/ 引起中毒的；有毒的 So, before humans develop a very safe and eco-friendly method of exploring the depths of the ocean, I will keep my feet firmly on the ground. have/keep your feet on the ground实事求是；脚踏实地 The ocean deep We look upwards and wonder what lies beyond our planet. We send probes into the vastness of space to explore the unknown. We build space stations to advance our understanding of the universe.Our curiosity about outer space has remained unshakeable.我们仰望天空，好奇在我们的星球之外有什么。我们向浩瀚的太空发射空间探测器以探索未知世界。我们建造空间站以增进对宇宙的了解。我们对太空的好奇心一直以来从未动摇。 the vastness of space太空的浩瀚无垠 (outer) space外层空间;太空, Meanwhile, it is estimated that more than eighty per cent of the world’s oceans are unexplored. So, if we want to find exciting new life forms as well as undiscovered and unusual geological formations, the ocean is where we should also be looking. Then why don’t we dive to the bottom of a really deep ocean and take a long, close look beneath the waves?大海 un·ex·plored /ˌʌnɪkˈsplɔːd/ 无人涉足的；未画进地图的；未经勘察的;未经彻底研究（或探讨）的 un·dis·cov·ered  /ˌʌndɪsˈkʌvəd/ 未找到(或注意到)的;未被发现的 The first 200 metres of our dive takes us through what can be called the open ocean, where most visible light exists. △Here lives much of the marine life we know about, such as dolphins, corals and seaweeds. 我们下潜的头 200 米带我们穿过所谓的透光区，这里有大部分可见光。我们所知的许多海洋生物，如海豚、珊瑚和海藻，生活在这一层。 dive n.（戴呼吸装备的）潜水 take sb through sth帮助某人深入了解；给某人解说 life [ U]living things生物；活物 Sinking below 200 metres, we enter the twilight zone, where there is little sunlight and thus almost no plant life.Most of the fish living here are small filter feeders which swim up at night to feed in the nutrient-rich waters above.下潜到 200 米以下，我们进入暮光区，这里没有阳光，因此几乎没有植物。生活在此的大多数鱼类都是小型滤食性动物，它们在夜间向上游，到上面营养丰富的水域进食。 feed·er  /ˈfiːdə(r)/ (动植物)进某种食物者，以…方式进食者 feed(婴儿或动物 )进食 -rich/-rɪtʃ/表示“富含...的”,"大量拥有……的" △Also living in the twilight zone are hunters with telescopic, upward-pointing eyes that can easily spot a meal in the waters above. Consequently, the fish most likely to be eaten have evolved to have thin bodies so that they are less easily seen from below. 同样生活在暮光区的还有双眼凸起向上的猎食者，它们能轻易地发现上层水域中的食物。结果，最有可能被吃掉的鱼已经进化成细长的身体，所以从下面不太容易看见它们。 preda·tor /ˈpredətə(r)/ 捕食性动物 tele·scop·ic  /ˌtelɪˈskɒpɪk/可伸缩的；套叠的；套筒的;望远镜的；望远的；放大的 meal(一餐所吃的) 食物 However, once they are captured, the hunters’ backward- curving teeth prevent them from getting away. Evolution, it seems, helps both the hunter and the hunted in equal measure! 然而，一旦它们被捕获，猎食者向后弯曲的牙齿让它们无法逃脱。进化似乎在同等程度上帮助了猎人和猎物！ get away from sth./sb.(得以)离开,脱身;摆脱(某人);逃离(某地) get away度假；休假; 别胡扯 getaway短假；假日休闲地；适合度假的地方 Once past 1,000 metres, we have reached the deep ocean, where there is no light and temperatures drop just above freezing. The pressures are huge and can be more than 100 times the pressure of the Earth’s atmosphere. It is then surprising that many creatures can live in this extreme environment.一旦超过 1000 米，我们就到达了深海区，这里没有光，温度降至略高于冰点。压力巨大，可能是地球大气压力的 100 多倍。令人惊奇的是，许多生物可以生活在这种极端的环境中。 freezing n.冰点; adj. 冰冻的；冰点以下的 extreme异乎寻常的；严重的；严厉的 They cannot rely solely on their eyesight to survive and have evolved fascinating survival characteristics. Indeed, many organisms in the deep ocean are blind. In order to obtain food and avoid being caught, they have to depend on other senses such as smell and their ability to detect slight changes in water pressure. 它们仅仅依靠视觉无法生存，因而进化出神奇的生存特征。事实上，深海中的许多生物都是看不见的。为了获取食物和躲避被捕食，它们不得不依靠其他感官，如嗅觉，和感知水压微小变化的能力。 Also, some fish have both male and female organs to increase the chances of reproduction, as fish are so scarce at these depths that it can be difficult for them to find a mate. The fish in the deep ocean are among the strangest creatures on the Earth, many of which have yet to be properly studied.此外，一些鱼类同时拥有雄性和雌性器官，以增加繁殖的可能性，因为在这样的深度，鱼如此稀少，以至于找配偶对它们来说很难。深海鱼类是地球上最奇怪的生物之一，其中许多还尚未被充分研究。 have yet to do sth.还 不曾做某事 prop·er·ly  /ˈprɒpəli/ adv.真正地；实际上 On reaching the ocean floor, we may see shrimps and other organisms around hydrothermal vents. These vents form in volcanically active areas, pouring mineral-rich fluids into the sea. Before the discovery of these creatures, it was thought that all life on the Earth obtained its energy from the sun.一到达海底，我们就可能在热液喷口周围看到虾和其他生物。这些喷口形成于火山活动频繁的区域，喷涌出富含矿物质的流体进入海洋。在发现这些生物之前，人们认为地球上的所有生命都是从太阳获得能量的。 floor（海等的）底；（森林等的）地面 vol·can·ic  /vɒlˈkænɪk/ 火山的；火山引起的；火山产生的 pour /pɔː(r)/ (液体、烟、光等 ) 涌流；倾泻；喷发 However, this discovery has revealed that life forms can obtain nutrients and energy from thermal sources. △Knowing that life can exist in these extreme conditions has changed scientific opinion about the chances of there being life elsewhere in the universe. 然而，这项发现揭示了生物可以从热源获得营养和能量。认识到生命可以在这些极端条件下生存，改变了有关宇宙中其他地方有多大几率存在生命的科学观点。 chance of (doing) sth/ that.../ of sth happening(尤指希望发生的事的)可能性 What chance is there of anybody being found alive? 找到生还者的希望有多大？ In addition to the vents and remarkable organisms, we cannot miss the Mariana Trench, located in the north-western part of the Pacific Ocean. Its deepest point, known as the Challenger Deep, is nearly 11,000 metres below sea level. You could place Mount Qomolangma in the Challenger Deep, and its top would still be more than 2,000 metres below the surface! 除了热液喷口和奇异的生物，我们不能错过位于太平洋西北部的马里亚纳海沟。它的最深处，也就是“挑战者深渊”，在海平面以下近 11,000 米。你不妨把珠穆朗玛峰放到“挑战者深渊”，山顶仍然在海面下 2000 多米！ the Mariana Trench /ˌmæriˈɑːnə trentʃ/ 马里亚纳海沟 the Pacific Ocean /pəˈsɪfɪk/太平洋 Mount Qomolangma /ˌtʃəʊməˈlɑːŋmə/ 珠穆朗玛峰 While there is little life at such great depths, it is far from boring. △Of the many strange geological formations to be found here are rock bridges which cross the Trench, some reaching a height of 2,500 metres above the Challenger Deep. 虽然在如此深的地方几乎没有生命，但一点也不无聊。在这里发现的许多奇怪的地质构造中有横穿海沟的石桥，有些高度达到“挑战者深渊”上方 2500 米。 far from (doing) sth几乎相反；远非 trench  /trentʃ/( also ocean trench ) 海沟；大洋沟 cross  /krɒs/ 穿越；越过；横过；渡过 As you can see, the world beneath the surface of the ocean is indeed an amazing place. On our journey down, we have been fascinated by incredible geological formations as well as unexpected life forms that have become strangely adapted to their extreme environment. With so much of the oceans left to explore, who knows what wonders still await us in the future? 正如你们所见，海洋表面下的世界确实是一个神奇的地方。在我们下潜的旅途中，不可思议的地质构造，还有已经出奇地适应了极端环境的、出乎意料的生物，令我们心驰神往。海洋还剩下这么多的地方要被探索，谁知道未来还有什么奇迹等着我们呢？ A. Understanding the text Page 4 A1.Read the documentary transcript and complete the chart below with the main idea of each paragraph. Much of the known marine life lives in the open ocean, and small filter feeders and hunters live in the twilight zone. The deep ocean is home to the strangest creatures on the Earth. Shrimps and other organisms live around hydrothermal vents, and the Mariana Trench can be found on the ocean floor. More wonders beneath the surface of the ocean await us. A2. Read the documentary transcript again carefully and answer the following questions. 1. What percentage of the world’s oceans have we explored? 2. What do small filter feeders do at night? Less than 20%. They swim up to feed in the nutrient-rich waters above. 3. How do blind creatures in the deep ocean manage to survive? 4. What has changed scientific opinion about the chances of there being life elsewhere in the universe? They depend on other senses such as smell and their ability to detect slight changes in water pressure to obtain food and avoid being caught. The knowledge that life can exist in the extreme conditions on the ocean floor. A3. In pairs, discuss the following questions. 1. Why does the author mention Mount Qomolangma when describing the Challenger Deep? The author wants to highlight how deep the Challenger Deep is. By comparing it to the highest mountain in the world, Mount Qomolangma, she helps the reader visualize its depth. 2. What are the advantages of exploring the ocean? The ocean’s many unique life forms, habitats and geological formations not only help us better understand life, but also open up various opportunities for new discoveries and innovative solutions to existing problems. For instance, current discoveries of life forms in the ocean have scientists excited about the possibilities of life on planets that have extreme environments. Further exploration could lead to new medicines, food and renewable energy sources. Besides, monitoring changes in the ocean could help scientists learn ways to address changes in the environment, such as climate change. Exploring the ocean is also a good way to find out more about how the area beneath the Earth’s crust functions. This could lead to developing better early warning systems for natural disasters like earthquakes and tsunamis. tsu·nami  /tsuːˈnɑːmi/ 海啸；海震 3. If you were to write an article about the world beneath the ocean, what other information would you include? I would include some information on the plant life in the ocean, explaining what the common marine plants are, what they look like and where they can be found. I would talk about the threats facing marine creatures and how we can better preserve their habitats. I would also include information on how humans explore the depths of the ocean as well as the challenges they face in deep-sea exploration. For instance, manned submersibles have been sent to explore the deep ocean, but challenges of deep-sea exploration include cold temperatures and high pressures. manned/mænd/载人的;（机器、车辆、地方或活动）有人控制的，需人操纵的 deep-sea/deep-water深海的 ex·plor·ation/ˌekspləˈreɪʃn/ 勘探;勘查;探索;探究;研究;探测 B. Building your language Page 5 B1.The passage below is about China’s efforts to explore the deep ocean. Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words and phrase in the box below. beneath capture obtain await solely dive marine in equal measure The world’s vast oceans, now well accepted as the Earth’s “final frontier”, (1) _____________________ the hearts of scientists and explorers. accepted/əkˈsɛptɪd/公认的 capture sb's heart使…爱上(或倾心于);深深吸引了...的注意 capture/have captured While most of the Earth’s land mass has been explored and mapped, around 80% of the oceans remain to be explored and great discoveries (2) ______ us. Therefore, many countries have spared no effort in deep-sea exploration. Leading the way is China, one of the few countries that have developed the ability to send humans to the deepest parts of our oceans. land mass  陆块；地块 spare no effort 不遗余力 lead the way处于领先地位 the few（与复数动词连用）少数 await In June 2012, China’s first deep-sea manned submersible, Jiaolong, set a world (3) ______ record for submersibles of its kind, by reaching a depth of 7,062 metres in the Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean. In 2017, China successfully tested Shenhai Yongshi, a submersible capable of reaching a depth of 4,500 metres. Later it conducted hundreds of dives in different oceans, exploring what lay deep (4) ________ the water. set树立；创立；开创 diving beneath With all of its core components produced (5) ______ by China, it has paved the way for deeper and broader undersea exploration in the future. The year 2020 witnessed another significant milestone in China’s (6) _______ technology, when the deep-sea manned submersible Fendouzhe completed eight successful dives of more than 10,000 metres in the Mariana Trench. under·sea /ˈʌndəsiː/ adj. 海面下的；海底的 solely marine These breakthroughs have demonstrated China’s determination to explore the deep sea and its underwater research potential (7) _________________. Travelling down to extreme depths not only allows us to (8) ______ new insights into the ocean, but it also opens up exciting opportunities that will eventually benefit the world above. in equal measure obtain B2. The documentary transcript describes the ocean in the surface-to-bottom order, which makes its content more organized and easier to follow. Find the expressions indicating the changes in position and describe Mount Qomolangma seen from the southern side in spatial order using the information below. or·gan·ized  /ˈɔːɡənaɪzd/ 有条理的；有安排的;有组织的；系统的 Sentences indicating the changes in position: The first 200 metres of our dive takes us through what can be called the open ocean, ... Sinking below 200 metres, we enter the twilight zone, ... Once past 1,000 metres, we have reached the deep ocean, ... On reaching the ocean floor, we may see shrimps and other organisms ... ever·green  /ˈevəɡriːn/ 常青树；常绿树 broad·leaved /ˈbrɔːdliːvd/ 阔叶的 coniferous/kəˈnɪfərəs/针叶的(树林) gla·cier  /ˈɡlæsiə(r)/ 冰川 Possible answer Once we pass 1,000 metres, our first steps at the base of Mount Qomolangma take us through the evergreen broadleaved forest zone until we reach the height of 2,500 metres. Moving above to between 3,000 and 3,900 metres, we enter the coniferous forest zone, a sure sign of much colder temperatures. On reaching above 5,500 metres, we are in the glacier zone where very little vegetation can be found. sure 不容置疑的；确切的；可靠的；保险的 vege·ta·tion  /ˌvedʒəˈteɪʃn/ (统称)植物;(尤指某地或环境的)植被;植物群落;草木 $$