专题3 第6讲 情态动词和虚拟语气(课件PPT)-【精讲精练】2026年高考英语一轮复习（人教版）

第6讲　情态动词和虚拟语气 专题三　千变万化的动词 栏目导航 专题三　千变万化的动词 1 栏目导航 通语法 考点过关 01 练技法 巩固提升 02 栏目导航 专题三　千变万化的动词 1 通语法 考点过关 栏目导航 栏目导航 专题三　千变万化的动词 1 栏目导航 专题三　千变万化的动词 1 栏目导航 专题三　千变万化的动词 1 栏目导航 专题三　千变万化的动词 1 栏目导航 专题三　千变万化的动词 1 栏目导航 专题三　千变万化的动词 1 need would 栏目导航 专题三　千变万化的动词 1 may/might must shall 栏目导航 专题三　千变万化的动词 1 栏目导航 专题三　千变万化的动词 1 栏目导航 专题三　千变万化的动词 1 栏目导航 专题三　千变万化的动词 1 栏目导航 专题三　千变万化的动词 1 栏目导航 专题三　千变万化的动词 1 栏目导航 专题三　千变万化的动词 1 栏目导航 专题三　千变万化的动词 1 栏目导航 专题三　千变万化的动词 1 栏目导航 专题三　千变万化的动词 1 栏目导航 专题三　千变万化的动词 1 栏目导航 专题三　千变万化的动词 1 栏目导航 专题三　千变万化的动词 1 had happened had had 栏目导航 专题三　千变万化的动词 1 had been had caught considered/should consider 栏目导航 专题三　千变万化的动词 1 练技法 巩固提升 栏目导航 栏目导航 专题三　千变万化的动词 1 栏目导航 专题三　千变万化的动词 1 栏目导航 专题三　千变万化的动词 1 栏目导航 专题三　千变万化的动词 1 栏目导航 专题三　千变万化的动词 1 栏目导航 专题三　千变万化的动词 1 栏目导航 专题三　千变万化的动词 1 栏目导航 专题三　千变万化的动词 1 栏目导航 专题三　千变万化的动词 1 栏目导航 专题三　千变万化的动词 1 栏目导航 专题三　千变万化的动词 1 栏目导航 专题三　千变万化的动词 1 栏目导航 专题三　千变万化的动词 1 栏目导航 专题三　千变万化的动词 1 栏目导航 专题三　千变万化的动词 1 栏目导航 专题三　千变万化的动词 1 栏目导航 专题三　千变万化的动词 1 栏目导航 专题三　千变万化的动词 1 谢谢观看 栏目导航 专题三　千变万化的动词 1 考点一　情态动词 情态动词本身有词义，但是 没有人称和数的变化。情态动词有时态的变化，但是不能独立作谓语。 情态动词的特殊用法 (1)can/could的否定式与比较级连用表示最高级。 (2)can/could的否定式与enough或too (much)连用表示“再……也不为过”。 (3)must可表示“偏要，硬要”，常用于疑问句或条件状语从句中。 (4)may/might as well表示“最好；不妨”。 (5)would可表示过去的习惯，与used to相比，前者常表示过去反复的动作，后者常表示过去的状态或习惯现在已不复存在。 (6)should有时表示说话人对某事感到意外、惊奇，意为“竟然会”。 用适当的情态动词填空 ①There are over 50，000 characters in modern Chinese but luckily，Chinese children ____ not learn all of them for everyday purpose. ②When we worked in the same firm several years ago，we _____ go to the cinema together every weekend. ③—I honestly don't think I'm going to be admitted. —Well，you never know! You__________ have made a better impression than you think. ④If you _____have a cigarette，choose a seat in the first row of the smoking section. ⑤According to a newly released regulation on online video services，no one _____ generate，release or spread fake news or information by using technology. 考点二　虚拟语气 1．if条件句中的虚拟语气 类型 从句中谓语动词形式 主句中谓语动词形式 与现在事 实相反 动词的过去式(be的过去式用were) should/would/could/might＋ 动词原形 与过去事 实相反 had＋过去分词 should/would/could/might＋have＋过去分词 与将来事 实相反 should/were to＋动词原形；动词的过去式 should/would/could/might＋ 动词原形 ◎If he had time now，he would(should/could/might) go with you. 如果他现在有时间，他会和你一起去的。(与现在事实相反) ◎If you had come a few minutes earlier，you would(should/could/ might) have met the famous singer. 如果你早来几分钟，你就会见到那个著名歌手了。(与过去事实相反) ◎If it were to snow/should snow/snowed this evening，they would(should/could/might) not go out. 如果今天晚上下雪，他们就不会出去。(与将来事实相反) 2．省略if的条件句 在if引导的虚拟条件状语从句中，当谓语动词含有had，were，should时，可以把if省略，将had，were，should提到句首，变为倒装句。 ◎Had you (＝If you had) come earlier，you would have caught the early bus. 如果你早点来，就能赶上早班车了。 ◎Were I in your position (＝If I were in your position)，I wouldn't do that silly thing. 如果我处于你的位置，我就不会做那件傻事。 ◎Should it rain(＝If it should rain)，I would stay at home. 如果下雨，我就待在家里。 3．错综时间虚拟条件句 当条件状语从句和主句表示的动作或行为所发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。 ◎If you had followed the doctor's advice，you would be better now. 如果你当时遵循医生的建议的话，你现在就好多了。(从句跟过去事实相反，主句跟现在事实相反) ◎If we hadn't booked the room earlier，we would be at a loss now. 如果我们没有早点订房间，我们现在就会不知所措了。(从句跟过去事实相反，主句跟现在事实相反) 4．含蓄条件句 有时假设的情况不用条件句表达，而是用介词(短语)(but for/without)或连词(otherwise/or)来表示。 ◎Without/But for (＝If it hadn't been for) your generous help，I couldn't have gone through that bitter period. 如果没有你慷慨相助的话，我不可能熬过那段艰苦的日子。 ◎I'm really very busy，otherwise I would certainly go there with you. 我真的是太忙了，不然我就会同你一道去了。 5．名词性从句中的虚拟语气 (1)用于主语从句 在It is/was important/necessary/possible/essential/natural/strange/ suggested/ordered/advised/requested/demanded...that...等主语从句中，从句谓语动词用“(should)＋动词原形”。 ◎It is necessary that we (should) master at least one foreign language. 我们有必要至少掌握一门外语。 (2)用于宾语从句 表示“要求、命令、建议、请求”等动词后的宾语从句中 在insist，urge，order，command，require，demand，request，suggest，advise，propose，recommend等引导的宾语从句中的谓语动词用“(should)＋动词原形” wish后的宾语从句中 与现在事实相反，从句谓语动词通常用一般过去时 与过去事实相反，从句谓语动词通常用过去完成时 与将来事实相反，从句谓语动词用“could/might/would＋动词原形” would rather后的宾语从句中 与现在或将来事实相反，从句谓语动词通常用一般过去时 与过去事实相反，从句谓语动词通常用过去完成时 (3)用于表语从句和同位语从句 句子主语是suggestion，advice，proposal等名词时，that引导的表语从句中，谓语动词用“(should)＋动词原形”；在以上名词后由that引导的同位语从句中，谓语动词用“(should)＋动词原形”。 ◎My suggestion is that we (should) try to cut back on production and reduce the amount of things we make and buy. 我的建议是我们应该尽力缩减产量，减少制造和购买物品的数量。 ◎He agreed with my suggestion that we (should) change the date of the meeting. 他同意了我提出更改会议日期的建议。 6．特定句式中的虚拟语气 句型结构 对过去的虚拟 对现在的虚拟 对将来的虚拟 if only引导的条件句及感叹句 had＋ 过去分词 过去式(be动词用were) would/could/should/ might＋动词原形 as if/though引导的表语从句及方式状语从句 had＋ 过去分词 过去式(be动词用were) would/could/should/ might＋动词原形 It is (high) time (that)... 从句中谓语动词用过去式或“should＋动词原形”，should不能省略 单句语法填空 ①He was still running with a smile on his face，as if nothing ____________ (happen). ②There is a good social life in the village，and I wish I ___ (have) a second chance to become more involved. ③I am sorry I am very busy now.If I ___ (have) time，I would certainly go to the movies with you. ④The Antarctica is so mysteriously described by some people.If only I ________ (be) there before! ⑤If we __________ (catch) the flight yesterday，we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach now. ⑥It is high time that you___________________________ (consider) that if there were no stress in your life，you would achieve a little. Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．If only Edward________ (remember) to finish his homework yesterday! Today，he wouldn't be in such a hurry to complete it before class. 解析　had remembered　考查虚拟语气。根据 If only并结合语境可知，此处表示“要是昨天记得完成作业就好了”，为非真实条件句中的虚拟语气，且表示与过去事实相反，故此处应用过去完成时。 2．Gary ________ (play) but for a knee injury.It was a pity for him to miss such an important game. 解析　should/would/could/might have played　考查虚拟语气。根据but for 并结合语境可知，此处表示“要不是膝盖受伤，Gary 应该可以参加比赛”，为含蓄虚拟语气，且表示与过去事实相反，故应用should/would/could/might have＋动词­ed 形式。 3．If Mike should have a clear exercising goal，he ________ (make) full use of his time. 解析　should/would/could/might make　考查虚拟语气。根据语境可知，此处表示“如果Mike有一个明确的锻炼目标，他应该充分利用他的时间”，为非真实条件句中的虚拟语气，且表示与将来事实相反，故此处应用 should/would/could/might＋动词原形。 4．I would rather you ________ (help) me clean the house or cook the meals than lay on the sofa all day long. 解析　had helped　考查虚拟语气。根据语境可知，此处表示“我宁愿你帮我打扫房子或做饭，而不是整天躺在沙发上”，would rather后的宾语从句使用虚拟语气，表示对过去的虚拟，故应用过去完成时。 5．If I ________ (live) out of town at that time，I would have taken up gardening as a hobby. 解析　had lived　考查虚拟语气。根据If并结合语境可知，此处表示“如果我那时住在城外，我会把园艺作为一种爱好”，为非真实条件句中的虚拟语气，且表示与过去事实相反，故此处应用过去完成时。 6．(人教选必修一U1)If I ________ (have) a chance to live my life again，I would go to university because I had a dream to become an engineer when I was young. 解析　had　考查虚拟语气。根据语境可知，此处表示“如果有机会再活一次，我会去上大学……”，为非真实条件句中的虚拟语气，与现在事实相反，故此处应用一般过去时。 7．The father had hoped that his daughter ________ (learn) to be satisfied so that the smallest joys in life appeared much bigger. 解析　would learn　考查虚拟语气。根据had hoped 并结合语境可知，此处表示“父亲希望女儿能学会满足……”，为had hoped后的宾语从句中使用虚拟语气，故应用would＋动词原形。 8．If only I ________ (become) a wonderful chef and run a restaurant on my own in the future，where I could serve my guests with love and care. 解析　would/could/might become　考查虚拟语气。根据 If only 并结合语境可知，此处表示“要是我将来能成为一名出色的厨师，自己经营一家餐馆就好了”，为非真实条件句中的虚拟语气，且表示与将来事实相反，故此处应用would/could/might＋动词原形。 9．If you don't want to go swimming，you ________ as well stay at home.Actually，it is up to you to decide. 解析　may　考查情态动词。此处为固定用法，may as well do sth 意为“不妨做某事、还是做某事的好”。 10．Nobody knows where the jewels have gone and they ________ have been stolen. 解析　might　考查情态动词。句意：没人知道珠宝去了哪里，它们可能已经被偷了。根据句意可知，这是对过去情况不太肯定的推测，故用might。 Ⅱ.语法填空 I once made a serious mistake in my life and I will never forget it.My deskmate is a boy from the countryside，and he always admires my fluent English very much and I usually feel 1.________ (encourage) by his compliments (赞美). One day，2.________ we learned the new word “eccentric”　in class，we 3.________ (ask) to make a sentence with it.I volunteered to do it by saying “My deskmate is an eccentric boy 4.________ clothes never fit him.”Hearing this，the whole class burst into 5.________ (laugh) and my deskmate's face turned red.6.________ class，I learned from the teacher that my deskmate 7.________ (drop) out of school if he hadn't been helped by others.My mindless words must have hurt him 8.________ (deep). Not until then did I realize that words could be powerful 9.________ both positive and negative ways.What we should always remember is that we should try our best not 10.________ (hurt) others if we can't always be encouraging when we speak. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了作者在人生中犯了一个严重的错误，一句无心的话语深深地伤害了他的同桌的故事。 1．解析　encouraged　考查形容词。feel为系动词，后跟形容词。 2．解析　when　考查从属连词。分析句子及上下文语境可知，所填词引导时间状语从句，应用when。 3．解析　were asked　考查动词的时态和语态。我们是被要求用eccentric造句，所以应用被动语态，又因事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时的被动语态。 4．解析　whose　考查关系代词。所填词引导定语从句，并表示所属关系，应用whose。 5．解析　laughter　考查名词。burst into laughter意为“放声大笑”，为固定搭配。 6．解析　After　考查介词。此处指“下课后”，after class为固定表达。 7．解析　would have dropped　考查虚拟语气。从if he hadn't been helped by others可知，此处是过去时的条件句中的虚拟语气，主句谓语为“would/should/might/could have＋过去分词”，从句用“had＋过去分词”。 8．解析　deeply　考查副词。此处意为：我无心的话语一定深深地伤害了他。deep作副词指具体事物的深度，修饰带有感情色彩的动词通常用deeply。 9．解析　in　考查介词。表示“通过某种方式”通常用in...way。 10．解析　to hurt　考查动词不定式。try one's best to do sth意为“尽某人最大的努力做某事”，为固定用法。 $$