Unit 4 Space Exploration Discovering Useful Structures 课件-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第三册

Infinitives as the attributive and the adverbial 不定式作定语和状语 Mr. Fish 高一(14)班 Leading in Yesterday, Mr. Fish went to Chaoyang Square to buy some cakes. Suddenly, Mr. Fish was very excited to see a pretty girl on the street. Leading in To/In order to add her WeChat number, Mr. Fish came close to her, only to find that she had already had a boyfriend. Learning objectives By the end of the lesson, you will be able to… know about the basic structure of infinitive as attributive and adverbial; analyze the components of infinitive structure in the sentences; take good mastery of the usage of infinitive structure with the help of classroom activities, such as making sentences and controlled practices. Exploration Observe the following sentences and discuss… Mr. Fish has a lot of work to finish. Sending people to other planets is not an easy goal to achieve. Yang Liwei was the first Chinese astronaut to travel into the space. Actually, many scientists are looking for a suitable planet to live in. I have something to buy. What is the positional relationship（位置关系） between nouns and “to do”? What component（成分） does “to do” in these sentences serve as（充当）? Postpositional attributives 后置定语 5 Exploration Let’s discuss… Mr. Fish有很多工作要完成 我要买一些东西 名词 不定代词 ① Has Mr. Fish already done his work? Have I already bought anything yet? ② Therefore, we use “to do” structure to indicate _____________________. Mr. Fish hasn’t finished his work yet. I haven’t bought things yet. Mr. Fish has a lot of work to do. I have something to buy. the future or something undone 6 Exploration Brainstorming Question 1: Can we replace “to be done”here? If so, what will happen? Question 2: What is the real subject? Mr. Fish has a lot of work to do. I have something to buy. Mr. Fish has a lot of work to be done. I have something to be bought. ? 7 Exploration Let’s discuss… 最高级 序数词 Q: Can you find two important noun modifiers（名词修饰词） in the sentences? Mr. Fish 是参加本次会议最帅的老师. 杨利伟是中国第一个飞向太空的宇航员。 Mr. Fish is the most handsome teacher to attend the meeting. Yang Liwei was the first Chinese astronaut to travel into the space. 8 Exploration Let’s discuss… Abstract noun 抽象名词 ① What is the noun type（名词类型） of “goal” in the first sentence ? ② In the second sentence, why do we add “in” behind the “live”? 把人送到其他星球并不是一个容易去实现的目标 事实上，很多科学家都在寻找适宜居住的星球。 Sending people to other planets is not an easy goal to achieve. Actually, many scientists are looking for a suitable planet to live in. 不及物动词后补上介词 9 Summary Summary for “to do” as the attributive 动词不定式作定语 时间上：一般表示___________的动作 位置上：一般放在_____和__________的后面，做______定语 修饰上：（1）名词前有first, second等______词或the most等________级修饰，其后用不定式；（2）像attempt, ability等_____名词或者something等___________后常用不定式作定语 将来时，未完成 修名代，做后置 最高或序数，不定式结束 遇抽象，不定代，to do来取代 尚未发生 不定代词 名词 后置 序数 最高 不定代词 抽象 10 Exploration Observe the following sentences and discuss… (1) Astronauts collect all dirty water to/so as to recycle it for later use. (2) Will scientists figure out a way to store enough food for a long journey? (3) I am more than delighted to hear about the improvement of our spacecraft. (4) To be an astronaut, you must be intelligent enough to get a college degree first. (5) He worked hard, only to find that he was fired by his boss. They are adverbials 状语 What component（成分） does “to do” in these sentences serve as（充当）? Watch five sentences above and discuss the function（作用） of each underlined words. (For Purpose? / Reason? /Result?) 11 Exploration Astronauts collect all dirty water. Astronauts recycle the water for later use Astronauts collect all dirty water to/so as to recycle it for later use. 表目的 In order to recycle it for later use, astronauts collect all dirty water. 12 Exploration I hear about the improvement of our spacecraft. I am more than delighted I am more than delighted to hear about the improvement of our spacecraft. . because… 表原因 情绪类形容词 13 Exploration He worked hard. 【reason】 He was fired. 【result/impact】 He worked hard, only to be fired by the boss. But then… 表结果 Summary Summary for “to do” as the adverbial 动词不定式作状语 表目的: 常用to,_____________或者so as to，其中，so as to不可放句首 表原因：常用在某些表达喜，____，____，____等形容词后表达情绪 表结果：常用于so/such等句型，与此同时，还包括enough + 名词 +__________；too +形容词 + _________; 若暗示意外结果，常与_______连用 in order to 怒 to do to do only 哀 乐 原因结果与目的 一前一后指向性 三种to，表目的 情绪描写用原因 事情发展后结果 意外收尾亦是果 15 Consolidation 🖊【Exercise 1】Fill in the blanks The man _____________ (give) a class inspires me a lot. The class _____________ (teach) by Mr. Fish is class 14. There is nothing ______________ (worry) about. I know the man _____________ (shake) hands with Mr. John. His novel _______________(publish) next month is based on a true story. There are so many students ___________ (ask) Mr. Fish questions. You broke the promise ______________ (keep) the secret for me, so I don’t want to speak to you anymore. I have no time ______________ (inform) him in detail. He was the last person ____________ (go) to supermarket. He returned home ____________ (know) that his daughter had gone out. When facing challenges, you’ll have the opportunity _________ (help) others out. ____________ (keep) up with others, he has been working very hard. giving taught to worry shaking to be published asking to keep to inform to go to know to help To keep Consolidation _________ (Attract) by a beautiful girl, Mr. Fish flipped. Mr. Fish came into the classroom, ________(hold) a book on his hand. Mr. Fish has a lot of work __________(do) tonight. “Doing” is used to describe something that is happening or used in active voice（主动语态） Do you still remember non-predicative verbs (非谓语动词)? “Done” is used to describe something that has already happened or used in passive voice（被动语态） “To do” is used to describe something that will happen Attracted holding to do Consolidation 故事再现：以5.25周测读后续写为例： 一个司机由于心情极度糟糕，拒绝了一个身无分文的女孩子上公交车，导致女孩子遗落在车站。回家之后，司机偶然发现一条显著的寻人启事，要找的女孩就是他刚开始拒绝要求上车的。因此，他和妻子Greta拨打报警电话，并联系了她的家人，故事就此展开…. Consolidation Please rewrite the plot by using “to do” structure. ________________________（为了更好地找到女孩）, Jeffery looked around both side of the road and paid more attention to the pedestrians. He felt so guilty _______________________________ （把女孩遗留在车站）, so he was too scared _________________ （错过这次机会）. He kept driving when he suddenly stopped the bus _______________________________ (结果发现女孩坐在椅子上啜泣）. ________________________（为了安抚女孩）, Jeffrey went to the supermarket and bought some candies for her. After that, he determined ___________________ （帮助有需要的人）, because a little mistake can be serious enough _____________________（使他人处在危险之中） In order to/To better find the girl to have left the girl at the station to miss the chance to find the girl weeping in the chair In order to comfort the girl to help those in need to put others in danger 19 Consolidation Tell me how you dealt with those questions…. (1)我跑到车站，结果发现火车已经开走了。 I rushed to the station, only ________________________________. (2) 我很生气地得知你又迟到了。 I am more than angry_____________________________________. (3) Mr. Fish举办的班会于下周一开始。 The class meeting ____________________ starts next Monday. to find that the train had already left to know that you were late again to be held by Mr. Fish 20 尚未发生 动词不定式 动词不定式作定语 动词不定式作状语 时间上：一般表示______________的动作 位置上：一般放在_____和__________的后面，做______定语 修饰上：（1）名词前有first, second等______词或the most等________级修饰，其后用不定式；（2）像attempt, ability等_____名词或者something等_________后常用不定式作定语 表目的：常用to, __________或者so as to，其中，so as to不可放句首 表原因：常用在某些表达喜，____，____，____等形容词后表达情绪 表结果：常用于so/such等句型，与此同时，还包括enough + 名词 +__________；too +形容词 + _________; 若暗示意外结果，常与_______连用 名词 不定代词 后置 序数 最高 抽象 不定代词 in order to 怒 乐 哀 to do to do only 21 Let’s go back to where we are… Yesterday, Mr. Fish went to Chaoyang Square to buy some cakes. Suddenly, Mr. Fish was very excited to see a pretty girl on the street. 表目的 Mr. Fish has a story to tell you. 后置定语 表原因 Let’s go back to where we are… To/In order to add her WeChat, Mr. Fish came close to her, only to find that she had already had a boyfriend. 表目的 Only引导的意外结果 Homework Review what you have learned and revise the paper. Write one a story about yourself with “to do” structure. 24 $$