Unit 3 Section Ⅳ Reading for Writing & Other Parts（Word教参）-【优化指导】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第二册（人教版2019）

Section Ⅳ　Reading for Writing & Other Parts [对应学生用书P76] Ⅰ.重点词汇 1．function n．功能；作用；机能vi.起作用；正常工作；运转 2．battery n．电池 3．Wi­Fi n．无线保真(用无线电波而非网线在计算机网络传输数据的系统) 4．button n．按钮；纽扣 5．file n．文件；文件夹；档案 6．click vt.& vi.点击 7．target n．目标；对象；靶子vt.把……作为攻击目标 8．troll n．发挑衅帖子的人；恶意挑衅的帖子 9．cyberbully n．网霸vt.& vi.网络欺凌 10．false adj.假的；错误的 11．upset adj.心烦的；苦恼的；沮丧的vt.(upset，upset)使烦恼；使生气；搅乱 12．guideline n．准则；指导原则 13．author n．作者；作家 14．tip n．忠告；诀窍；实用的提示 15．familiar adj.熟悉；熟知 16．case n．盒；箱；情况；案件 Ⅱ.拓展词汇 1．confirm vt.确认；使确信→confirmation n．证实；证明书→confirmed adj.成习惯的；根深蒂固的 2．press vt.按，压；敦促→pressure n．压力 3．count n．点数；总数 v．计数；数数→discount n．折扣 vt.打折 4．account n．账户；描述→accountant n．会计 5．theft n．偷(窃)；盗窃罪→thief n．小偷；盗贼 6．rude adj.粗鲁的；无礼的→rudely adv.无礼地；粗鲁地→rudeness n．粗鲁；无礼 7．particular adj.特定的；特别的；讲究的→particularly adv.尤其；特别 8．embarrass vt.使尴尬；使难堪→embarrassing adj.让人难堪(尴尬；害羞)的→embarrassed adj.尴尬的；害羞的；窘迫的→embarrassment n．尴尬；难堪；窘迫 9．define vt.给……下定义；界定；解释→definition n．释义；定义；清晰度 动词加后缀­ure构成抽象名词，后缀­ure表示“……的动作或动作结果等”。 press→pressure　expose→exposure please→pleasure　fail→failure Ⅲ.短语互译 1．状况良好 in shape 2．掌握……的最新消息；了解……的动态 keep track of 3．取笑；戏弄 make fun of 4．牢记 keep ( ...) in mind 5．既然那样；假使那样的话 in that case 6．be familiar to 为……所熟悉 7．click on 点击 8．give out 用完；耗尽；分发；发出；公布 Ⅳ.重点句式 1．句型：the＋比较级 ...，the＋比较级 ...越……，(就)越…… 教材原句：However, the more polite you are, the less likely it is you will be attacked. 翻译：然而，你越有礼貌，你被攻击的可能性就越小。 2．句型：It seems like ...看起来像…… 教材原句：It seemed like a joke at first，but the girl was very upset. 翻译：起初看起来像是在开玩笑，但这个女孩十分沮丧。 3．句型：rather than 而不是；与其说……倒不如说…… 教材原句：Rather than going out to stores weekly or even daily，more and more people order things from clothes to toys to foods online and have them delivered directly to their homes. 翻译：越来越多的人在网上订购从衣服到玩具和食物之类的东西，并让人把它们直接送到家里来，而不是每周甚至每天去商店了。 [对应学生用书P77] Ⅰ.文本理解 ►语篇特征 The text is a blog post． ►文章架构 Blog part Title 1.Online Safety Introduction How to stay safe online and 2.avoid bad experiences on the Internet？ Body Guidelines： ·The 3.golden rule of the Internet ·Protect your 4.privacy ·Be 5.polite Ending Ask readers to post 6.comments． Comment part Two comments ►细节探究 1．How many suggestions does the writer give in the text？ (　　) A．Four.　　　　　　 B．Two. C．Three. D．One. 2．What is the golden rule of the Internet？ (　　) A．Leave uncomfortable site at once. B．Protect your personal information. C．Be polite to others. D．Post comments on everything. 3．Who are the online troublemakers the blog post mentions？ (　　) A．Middle school students. B．Trolls and cyberbullies. C．The polite Internet users. D．Anonymous bloggers. 4．What can we learn from the text？ (　　) A.Boy579 always makes trouble in the chat room. B．Boy579 had a bad experience online. C．Amy's photo was posted online. D．Amy was made fun of by someone. 答案：1～4 CABB ►难句突破 Today I thought I'd blog about a question that has been asked many times—how do you stay safe online and avoid bad experiences on the Internet? 分析：关系代词that引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语；破折号后的内容是question的同位语，解释说明question的具体内容。 翻译：今天，我想写一篇博客谈谈一个已经被问过很多次的问题——你如何在网上保持安全并避免在互联网上的不愉快的经历呢？ ►课文语法填空 When it comes to online 1.safety(safe)，here are some 2.guidelines(guideline) for you.Firstly，the golden rule of the Internet is to leave the site 3.immediately(immediate) when you see or read something that makes you feel 4.uncomfortable(comfortable).Secondly，you have to protect your privacy.Never give out your address or phone number to someone 5.who/that might use the information 6.to steal(steal) your identity.Thirdly，be polite to others.There is no excuse for 7.being(be) rude and you don't want to become a target for a troll or cyberbully.Trolls often use several false names so 8.that they can stay on a site and cyberbullies will also write something mean but it is usually directed 9.at particular people.However，the 10.more polite(polite) you are，the less likely it is you will be attacked. Ⅱ.原文释译 ◆精学表达 Ⅰ.文本特征 这是一篇博客文章，有两个分区：博文区(贴在网络上的博文)和评论区(读者和读者、作者和读者相互交流的地方)。 博文区是主体部分，作者提出了三点安全上网的建议，主旨明确，结构完整，简明扼要。 Ⅱ.语言特色 1．语篇衔接词 ❶❷❸为博客中作者三个建议的呈现，句子之间使用序数词，增强了层次性和逻辑性。 2．疑问句、感叹句 在博客的结尾，往往邀请读者留言或给予评论，句❹使用了一般疑问句，给读者留下了评论空间；句❺使用感叹句，表达了作者殷切、诚恳的态度，委婉地向读者提出要求。 3．宾语从句 在评论区，第一个读者的留言中，使用了“I think＋宾语从句(句❻)”的句型，能够较好地阐述个人看法。 ◆续写积累 like译为“像；好像；如同”时，表示比较、比喻和类比 ①Like a troll，a cyberbully will also write something mean but it is usually directed at particular people.(比较) ②She talks like a machine gun.(明喻) [仿写]完成句子 ①学生对于把他们当小孩子对待感到气愤。 Students were angry at being treated like children． ②这个花园看起来像一片丛林。 This garden looks like a jungle． 备课札记 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Today I thought I'd blog about a question that has been asked many times—how do you stay safe online and avoid bad experiences on the Internet? I'm not an expert，but many years as a blogger have taught me a thing or two. ❶First of all，there's the golden rule of the Internet：If you see or read something that makes you feel uncomfortable，leave the site immediately.Don't post comments or click on anything.❷ Second，protect your privacy.Don't give out your address or phone number.Someone might use the information to steal your identity.Identity theft is a common and serious problem.❸Third，be polite.Being online is no excuse for being rude，and you don't want to become a target for a troll or cyberbully.A troll is a person who posts comments or questions in order to stir up trouble online.Trolls often use several false names so that they can stay on a site.A cyberbully uses the Internet to be mean to others.Like a troll，a cyberbully will also write something mean but it is usually directed at particular people.He or she may also post embarrassing photos and information about those people.However, the more polite you are，the less likely it is you will be attacked. ❹Have you had any bad experiences online，or do you have some good advice for staying safe? ❺Post your comments below! Boy579 Last year，we were having problems in our chat room.Mean comments were being posted by someone we didn't know.❻I think he or she was only trying to make trouble. Amy A girl at my school had a very bad experience online.A photo of her had been posted online and she was being made fun of.It seemed like a joke at first，but the girl was very upset. 参考译文 今天，我想写一篇博客谈谈一个已经被问过很多次的问题——你如何在网上保持安全并避免在互联网上的不愉快的经历呢？我并非专家，但作为博主的多年经验教会了我一些东西。 首先，互联网的黄金法则是：如果你的所见所读让你反感，立即退出该网站。不要发表评论，也不要点击任何东西。其次，保护你的隐私。不要透露你的地址或电话号码。有人可能会利用这些信息来窃取你的身份。身份盗窃是一个普遍而严重的问题。第三，要有礼貌。上网不是行为粗鲁的借口，而且你也不想成为网络挑事者或网络恶霸的目标。网络挑事者就是在网上发表评论或问题以挑起事端的人。为了待在一个网站上，网络挑事者们经常使用多个假名。网络恶霸使用互联网来欺负别人。与网络挑事者一样，网络恶霸也会写一些刻薄的内容，但通常是针对特定的人。网络恶霸也可能在网上发一些关于那些人的令人尴尬的照片和信息。然而，你越有礼貌，你被攻击的可能性就越小。 你在网上有过不愉快的经历吗？或者你有什么安全上网的好建议吗？请在下面发表你的评论！ 男孩579 去年，我们的聊天室出了一些问题。有个我们不认识的人发表了一些恶意的评论。我觉得这家伙只是想制造麻烦。 艾米 我们学校的一个女孩在网上有过一次非常不愉快的经历。她的一张照片被传到网上，她被人嘲弄。起初看起来像是在开玩笑，但这个女孩十分沮丧。 [对应学生用书P79] 1 confirm vt.确认；使确信 Have you confirmed the Wi­Fi password? 你确认过Wi­Fi密码了吗？ [要点突破] confirm＋sth./that从句/wh­从句　证实…… confirm sb.in sth.使某人确信某事 It has been confirmed that ...已证实/确认…… [写作佳句] With all the arrangements in place for my parents' visit，I call to confirm their time of arrival. 我父母来访的所有安排都已就绪，我打电话确认他们到达的时间。 [学以致用] 单句填空/句式升级 ①The latest evidence confirmed me in his honesty. ②There was frost on the ground，confirming that fall had arrived. ③All her teachers confirmed she was a good student. →It was confirmed by all her teachers that she was a good student.(it作形式主语) 2 discount n．折扣vt.打折 Laura needs an app that will help her get discounts. 劳拉需要一个能帮助她获得折扣的应用程序。 [要点突破] have a discount on ...在……上有折扣 get a 5% discount 得到一个5%的折扣 with a discount有折扣 at a 20% discount＝at a discount of 20% 打八折 [写作佳句] Another reason why I prefer shopping online is that I can often buy things at a discount. 我更喜欢网购的另一个原因是我通常能买到打折的东西。 [学以致用] 单句填空/完成句子 ①They sell the sweater at a discount of 30 percent. ②There is a discount on warm clothes in that very popular brand store. ③他的话你不可全信。 You should accept his words with a discount． ④他们为学生提供火车旅行九折优惠。 They give/offer a 10 percent discount on train travel for students. 3 account n．账户；描述 vt.认为是；视为 Laura needs an app that will add money to her bank account. 劳拉需要一个可以把钱添加到她的银行账户的应用程序。 [要点突破] ①account for 说明，解释；占……(比例) ②open/close a bank account 开启/关闭一个银行账户 on account of＝because of 由于；因为 on no account 决不；绝对不(置于句首，构成部分倒装) take account of ...＝take ...into account＝take ...into consideration 把……考虑在内 give a full account of ...对……进行详细的说明 [写作佳句] He gave his listeners a vivid account of his journey in China. 他向他的听众生动地描述了他的中国之旅。 ①常见的表示“决不”的短语有in no case、by no means、at no time、in no way、under no circumstances等。 ②常见的表示“因为；由于”的短语有because of、thanks to、owing to、as a result of、due to、on account of等。 [学以致用] 单句填空/句式升级 ①We should take into account students' suggestion that the school library should provide more books on popular science. ②The bad news was that all the flights to Beijing had been cancelled on account of the heavy rain. ③The poor weather may have accounted for the small crowd. ④You should on no account tell him，for it's a secret. →On no account should you tell him，for it's a secret.(改为倒装句) 4 particular adj.特定的；特别的；讲究的 Like a troll，a cyberbully will also write something mean but it is usually directed at particular people. 与网络挑事者一样，网络恶霸也会写一些刻薄的内容，但通常是针对特定的人。 [要点突破] ①be particular about/over sth.对某物讲究/挑剔 ②particularly＝in particular尤其；特别；格外 [写作佳句] ①When you attend your friend's dinner party in China，you'd better behave properly，particularly paying attention to minding your table manners. 当你在中国参加朋友的宴会时，你最好举止得体，尤其要注意餐桌礼仪。 ②(2024·全国甲卷)Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level，the national parks，in particular，tend to catch our attention because of their large size and variety. 尽管各级别、各种规模和类型的公园普遍存在，但特别是国家公园，由于其规模和种类繁多，往往会引起我们的注意。 [学以致用] 单句填空/一句多译 ①Child as he is，he is particular about/over the clothes. ②I hear that the movie is very good，so I particularly(particular) want to see it. ③她特别喜欢这首歌，因为她妈妈以前经常唱这首歌。 →She loves the song in particular，because her mother used to sing it. →She loves the song particularly，because her mother used to sing it. 5 upset adj.心烦的；苦恼的；沮丧的vt.使烦恼；使生气；搅乱 It seemed like a joke at first，but the girl was very upset. 起初看起来像是在开玩笑，但这个女孩十分沮丧。 [要点突破] ①be upset about sth.为某事心烦/难过 be upset to do sth.对做某事感到沮丧/难过 be upset with sb.对某人恼怒/不悦 ②upset oneself about sth.为某事而烦恼 It upset(s) sb.to do sth./that ...做某事让某人心烦。/……让某人心烦。 [写作佳句] What impressed me most was that I failed in an English exam，feeling extremely upset and disappointed. 令我印象最深的是我在一次英语考试中不及格，我感到极度心烦和失望。 [学以致用] 单句填空 ①As far as I'm concerned，there is no sense in getting upset about it now. ②I was really upset to find(find) that such a thing should have occurred in your shop. ③It upset me that our flight was delayed due to the terrible storm. ④Don't upset yourself(you) about it—no harm has been done. 6 familiar adj.熟悉；熟知；常见的；亲近的 Use a website you are familiar with. 使用你熟悉的网站。 [要点突破] ①be/get familiar with ...熟悉……；与……熟悉(其主语通常是指人的名词) be familiar to ...为……所熟悉(其主语通常是人们所通晓的事物) ②unfamiliar adj.不熟悉的 [写作佳句] Visiting the exhibition will help you get familiar with the art of paper­cutting. 参观展览有助于你熟悉剪纸艺术。 [学以致用] 单句填空/一句多译 ①If you are familiar with the knowledge of the field，many of the technical terms cannot be unfamiliar to you. ②I can't tell which one is her best book as I am unfamiliar(familiar) with her books. ③为了降低被攻击的风险，网民不要进入他们不熟悉的网站。 →To reduce the risk of being attacked，netizens should never go to a website they are not familiar with． →To reduce the risk of being attacked，netizens should never go to a website which is not familiar to them． 7 case n．盒；箱；情况；案件 This case has two functions. 这个盒子有两个功能。 [要点突破] ①in case以防；以免 in case of ...要是……；在……的情况下 in any case 无论如何；不管怎样 in no case 决不；在任何情况下都不(放在句首时，句子用部分倒装) in that/this case 既然那/这样；假使那/这样的话 as is often the case (with ...) (对……来说)这是常有的事 ②当case作先行词且定语从句中不缺少主要成分时，要用where引导定语从句。有类似用法的单词还有point、stage、 situation、condition、position、environment、activity、race、job、scene等。 [写作佳句] Today，we'll discuss a number of cases where beginners of English fail to use the language properly. 今天，我们将讨论一些英语初学者未能正确使用英语的案例。 [学以致用] 用case的相关短语填空/句式升级 ①The sign reads “In case of fire，break the glass and push the red button.” ②As is often the case，he was late for class again，which made his teacher very angry. ③I don't see why I couldn't do it.In any case，I'm going to try. ④You should in no case give up. →In no case should you give up.(倒装句) 1 the＋比较级 ...，the＋比较级 ... 越……，(就)越…… However，the more polite you are, the less likely it is you will be attacked. 然而，你越有礼貌，你被攻击的可能性就越小。 [情境探究] ①(2024·北京卷)And the more tools we have，the more effective and insightful we can become. 而且我们掌握的工具越多，就能变得越高效、越有洞察力。 ②The more，the better. 多多益善。 ③The harder you study, the greater progress you will make. 你越努力学习，进步就越大。 [要点突破] ①“the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)，the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)”表示后者随着前者的变化而变化，意为“越……，(就)越……”。 ②前者相当于一个条件句，因此，若主句的谓语动词用一般将来时，从句的谓语动词要用一般现在时表示将来。 ③该句型结构的前后分句都可以用省略句，以求简洁易懂。 [学以致用] 完成句子 ①越快越好。 The sooner (you do it)，the better(it will be). ②离地面越高，空气就越稀薄。 The higher the ground is，the thinner the air becomes． ③问题越难，他能回答出来的可能性就越小。 The more difficult the questions are，the less likely he is able to answer them． 2 rather than 而不是；与其说……倒不如说…… Rather than going out to stores weekly or even daily，more and more people order things from clothes to toys to foods online and have them delivered directly to their homes. 越来越多的人在网上订购从衣服到玩具和食物之类的东西，并让人把它们直接送到家里来，而不是每周甚至每天去商店了。 [情境探究] ①(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Rather than watering rows of soil，the system provides just the right amount to each plant. 该系统不是给一排排的土壤浇水，而是为每株植物提供适量的水。 ②These shoes are comfortable rather than pretty. 与其说这些鞋子漂亮，不如说它们舒服。 ③I think Tom, rather than you, is familiar with the case I am in. 我认为汤姆熟悉我所处的情况，而你并不熟悉。 [要点突破] ①rather than可以连接两个并列成分，当其连接的两个并列成分作主语时，谓语与rather than前面的成分在人称和数上保持一致。 ②rather than后接动词不定式时，动词不定式可以带to，也可以不带to，但当rather than位于句首时，只能接不带to的动词不定式。 ③would rather do ...than do ...＝would do ...rather than do ...＝prefer to do ...rather than do ...宁愿做……而不愿做…… [学以致用] 单句填空/一句多译 ①She likes helping others，rather than making(make) fun of them. ②In my opinion，it is you rather than he that are(be) to blame for the terrible accident. ③Rather than sit here waiting，I prefer to go(go) to find out what on earth has happened. ④我宁愿爬山也不愿做家务。 →I would rather go climbing than do housework．(would rather ...than ...) →I would go climbing rather than do housework．(would ...rather than ...) →I prefer to go climbing rather than do housework．(prefer ...rather than ...) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$