第一部分 选择性必修第二册 UNIT2 Sports culture（Word教参）-【优化指导】2026年高考英语一轮复习高中总复习·第1轮（译林版）

[对应学生用书P168] 分层单词 一、写作词汇——写词形 1．applaud vt.& vi.称赞，赞许；鼓掌 2．rank vi.& vt.属于某等级，把……分等级；排列，使排成行 n．地位，级别；等级；排，列；军衔 3．trend n．趋势，趋向 4．election n．选举，推选；当选 5．faith n．信心；宗教信仰 6．ambition n．追求的目标，夙愿；野心，雄心，壮志 7．fellow adj.同伴的，同情况的，同类的 n．同辈，同类；男人，家伙 8．relay n．接力赛 vt.转发(信息、消息等)；播放，转播 9．handle vt.处理，应付；控制，操纵 n．把手，拉手；柄 10．fist n．拳，拳头 11．waist n．腰，腰部；(衣服的)腰部 12．towel n．毛巾，抹布，纸巾 13．iron n．铁；熨斗 vt.& vi.(用熨斗)熨，烫平 二、阅读词汇——明词义 1．joint adj.联合的，共同的 n．关节；接合处 2．motto n．(pl.mottoes, mottos)格言，座右铭 3．boundary n．边界，分界线 4．demonstrate vt.表现，表露；证实，证明；示范，演示 vi.游行示威 5．afterwards adv.以后，后来 6．proceed vi.接着做，继而做；继续从事(或进行)；行进，前往 7．consistent adj.一致的，始终如一的；连续的 8．humanity n．(统称)人，人类；人性；人道，仁慈 9．chest n．胸部；大箱子 10．cheek n．面颊，脸颊 11．half­marathon n．半程马拉松赛跑 12．amateur n．业余运动员，业余爱好者；生手，外行 adj.业余的 13．ankle n．踝，踝关节 14．session n．一段时间，一场；会议，开庭；学年 15．marathon n．马拉松赛跑；马拉松式的活动(或工作) 16．chairman n．(委员会的)委员长，主席；(会议的)主席，主持人 17．constitution n．体质，身体素质；宪法，章程 18．opponent n．对手，竞争者；反对者 19．dignity n．尊严；自尊；高贵 20．idiom n．习语，成语 21．league n．联赛；等级，级别 22．net n．(the net)球门网；网，网状物 23．council n．政务委员会，地方议会；市政服务机构；委员会 24．backfire vi.产生事与愿违的不良(或危险)后果 三、拓展词汇——灵活用 1．participate vi.参加，参与→participation n．参加，参与→participant n．参与者，参加者 2．compete vi.参加比赛；竞争→competitive adj.竞争的→competition n．竞争；角逐 3．racial adj.种族的；种族间的→race n．种族；比赛 4．diverse adj.多种多样的，不同的→diversity n．差异；多样性 5．motivated adj.积极的；受政治/经济/财政等方面原因驱使的→motivation n．动机；动力→motivate vt.激励，激发；成为……的动机，是……的原因 6．identity n．身份；个性→identical adj.完全同样的→identify vt.确定；辨别→identification n．身份证明 7．gradual adj.逐渐的，逐步的→gradually adv.逐渐地，逐步地 8．limit n．限度，限制；限量，限额；界限 vt.限制；限定；限量，减量→limitation n．限制；局限→ limited adj.有限的 9．complain vi.& vt.抱怨，投诉→complaint n．怨言，投诉 10．remark n．谈论，言论 vi.& vt.说起，评论→remarkable adj.非凡的；引人注目的；显著的 11．oppose vt.反对→opposition n．相反，反对→opposing adj.对抗的；相反的 12．insure v．给……投保→insurance n．保险业；保险；保险费 13．cruel adj.刻毒伤人的，残酷的→cruelly adv.残忍地→cruelty n．残忍 常用短语 1．side by side 相安无事；并肩地 2．die out 灭绝；消失 3．devote oneself to 致力于 4．call on sb. to do sth. 正式邀请某人做某事；请求某人做某事 5．lack of 缺少；缺乏；需要 6．in detail 详细地；全面地；仔细地 7．in peace 和平地；处于和平 8．become aware of 意识到 9．give an account of 报告；叙述；说明 10．participate in 参加，参与 11．walk on air 欢天喜地，得意扬扬 12．track and field 田径运动 13．keep sth. in perspective 正确客观地看待 14．find one's way into 偶然来到，无意中处于 15．move the goalposts 改变条件(或规则) 16．score an own goal 进乌龙球；无意中做让自己吃亏的事 17．in the ballpark 差不多 18．a ballpark estimate 大致相近的估计 19．throw sb. a curveball 给某人出难题 20．three strikes and you are out 三振出局 21．throw in the towel 认输，承认失败 22．below the belt 不公正的，伤人的 经典句型 1．教材原句：My heart was beating rapidly in my chest as I found a shady place to rest my tired body. 句型：动词不定式作后置定语 翻译：当我找到一个阴凉的地方休息疲惫的身体时，我的心跳得很快。 2．教材原句：More often than not, winning has the victor walking on air, lost in the glory of the moment, while the loser is left with a bitter taste and a feeling of failure. 句型：while 引导状语从句 翻译：胜利往往让成功者得意扬扬，沉浸在当下的荣耀中，而留给失败者的只有苦涩的滋味和挫败感。 [对应学生用书P169] 词汇精讲 1　　participate vi.参加，参与 [归纳拓展] ①participate in sth.参加…… ②participant n．参与者 ③participation n．参与 [考点初探]　用participate的适当形式填空 A number of people ①participated in the ceremony yesterday. All the ②participants were urged into ③participating actively in the activity to show respect for those who ④had participated in rescuing the survivors in the disaster before. [考点进阶]　句式升级 ⑤I was encouraged by my teacher and took part in the cross­country running race. →Encouraged by my teacher, I participated in the cross­country running race.(分词作状语) 2　　compete vi.参加比赛；竞争 [归纳拓展] ①compete in参加……比赛 compete with/against ...(for ...)(为争取……而)与……竞争 ②competition n．比赛 ③competitive adj.有竞争力的；竞争的；竞争性的 ④competitor n．竞争者；对手 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①Museums must compete for people's spare time and money with other amusements. ②Life is like a long race where we compete with/against others to go beyond ourselves. ③(2022·新高考 Ⅰ 卷)With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle(微妙) competition(compete). ④(2023·新课标 Ⅰ 卷)Well，the training is very competitive(compete)，weightlifting and running every day. [考点进阶]　完成句子 ⑤他们发现自己在与其他公司争夺市场份额。 They found themselves competing with/against other companies for a share of the market. 3　　diverse adj.多种多样的，不同的 [归纳拓展] ①diversely adv.不同地；各种各样地 ②diversity n．多样性；差异 ③diversify v．(使)多样化，变化 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①English is a language shared by several diverse(diversity) cultures, each of which uses it somewhat differently. ②In fact, cultural diversity(diverse) makes our world so rich and colourful. [考点进阶]　完成句子 ③由于许多不同的民族定居在中国，中国的烹饪非常多样化。 Chinese cuisine is hugely diverse thanks to ethnic groups that have settled in the country. 4　　motivate vt.激励，激发；成为……的动机，是……的原因 [归纳拓展] ①motivated adj.积极的；受政治/经济/财政等方面原因驱使的 ②motive n．动机；目的；原因 ③motivation n．动机；动力 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①Motivation(motivate) and goal setting are the two sides of the same coin. ②In a case of murder, the police questioned everyone who might have a motive/motivation(motivate). ③Our challenge is to motivate(motive) those voters and inspire them to join our cause. [考点进阶]　完成句子 ④通过激励人们不使用化肥，你可以创建更绿色的农场社区，这将造福子孙后代。 By motivating people not to use chemical fertilizers, you can create greener farm communities, which will benefit future generations. ⑤此外，传统文化为国家的不断发展提供了动力。在更深层次上，它是走向国际世界的垫脚石。 Besides, traditional culture provides motivation for the constant development of the country. On a deeper level, it serves as a stepping stone to the international world. 5　　demonstrate vt.表现，表露；证实，证明；示范，演示 vi.游行示威 [归纳拓展] ①demonstrate sth.(to sb.) (向某人)说明某事 demonstrate that ...说明/演示…… demonstrate sth. to be证明某事是…… It is demonstrated that ...据证实…… ②demonstration n．示范；证明 ③demonstrative adj.感情外露的 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①Let me demonstrate to you some of the difficulties we are facing. ②It has been demonstrated that this drug is effective. ③We were given a brief demonstration(demonstrate) of the computer's functions. [考点进阶]　完成句子 ④在中国艺术节上，有不同的展台，艺术家们在那里展示他们的技能，并教授游客。 At the Chinese art festival, there are different stands where artists demonstrate their skills and teach the visitors. ⑤特拉维斯停下来看了看笔记，然后继续他的演示。 Travis paused to refer to his notes, and then went on with his demonstration. 6　　proceed vi.接着做，继而做；继续从事(或进行)；行进，前往 [归纳拓展] ①proceed with sth.继续某事 proceed to do sth.接着做某事 proceed to前往…… ②process n．过程，进程；方法，步骤 in the process of在……的过程中 in the process在过程中，在进行中 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①Passengers for Rome should proceed to Gate 32 for boarding. ②I was moving some furniture and I twisted my ankle in the process. [考点进阶]　完成句子 ③直到这些条件得到满足，我们才能继续交易。 Until these conditions are met we cannot proceed with the sale. ④在环境保护的过程中，中国总是积极参与。 In the process of environmental protection, China has always been actively involved. 7　　consistent adj.一致的，始终如一的；连续的 [归纳拓展] ①be consistent with与……一致 ②consist vi.由……组成；在于 consist of由……组成(或构成) consist in在于 consist with符合，与……一致 ③consistently adv.一贯地；一致地 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①Parents should be consistent(consist) in the way they teach their children. ②What you say is not consistent with what you do. ③The document we are looking through consists of millions of pages of data. ④True happiness does not consist in the possession of money, but the joy of achievement. ⑤Our deeds must consist with our words. [考点进阶]　完成句子 ⑥他们在网上买的家具与他们新房子的现代风格相当一致，这超出了他们的预期。 The furniture they bought onlineis quite consistent with the modern style of their new house, which is beyond their expectations. 8　　faith n．信心；宗教信仰 [归纳拓展] ①have faith in相信，对……信任 lost faith in不相信，对……失去信任 ②faithful adj.忠实的，忠诚的 (be) faithful to对……忠诚 ③faithfully adv.忠实地；如实地 ④faithless adj.不忠诚的；不可信任的；不可信赖的 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①You should keep an eye on him, for I have lost faith in him. ②He has served the farm faithfully(faith) for 20 years. ③Loyal, faithful(faith) and true, people born in the Year of the Dog make the best of friends. [考点进阶]　完成句子 　④我们不能依靠感觉，而要相信事实。 We are not to rely on feelings, but to have faith in the facts. 9　　limit n．限度，限制；限量，限额；界限 vt.限制，限定；限量，减量 [归纳拓展] ①without limit无限制地 There is a/no limit to ...……是有限的/无限的。 ②be limited to sth.受限制于某物 limit ...to ...把……限制在…… ③limited adj.有限的 ④unlimited adj.无限制的 ⑤limitless adj.无限制的；无界限的 ⑥limitation n．限制；局限性，不足之处；规定 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①Walking upright challenges the human bone structure, and limits(limit) the size of brains. ②In my opinion, taking cellphones with the students should not be banned, but limited(limit) to certain areas. ③Their offer is for a limited(limit) period only. ④In my opinion, we should limit our expense to what we can afford. ⑤(2023·新课标 Ⅰ 卷)Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations(limit) and many questions remain，the potential implications for group discussion and decision­making are enormous. [考点进阶]　完成句子 　⑥人的生命是有限的，可是，为人民服务是无限的。 There is a limit to one's life, but no limit to serving the people. 10　　complain vi.& vt.抱怨，投诉 [归纳拓展] ①complain to sb. about/of sth. 向某人抱怨某事 complain of sth. 诉说(病情或痛苦) ②complaint n．不满的原因，抱怨；投诉，控告 complaint about sb./sth. 对某人/某事的抱怨 complaint against sb./sth. 对某人/某事有怨言 make a complaint 提出投诉 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①Neighbours complained to the police about the dogs barking. ②My grandfather's always complaining bitterly about how expensive these things are. ③She left early, complaining of a headache. ④Some people—and I was one of them—believe that humorous complaints(complain) about the little problems of life make humor, and sometimes that is the case. [考点进阶]　完成句子 ⑤我们收到了来自顾客的许多投诉，抱怨缺乏停车设施。 We received a number of complaints from customers about the lack of parking facilities． 11　　unintentionally adv.无意地，非故意地 [归纳拓展] ①intend v．想要，计划，打算；意指 intend doing/to do sth.打算做某事 ②intended adj.为……打算(或设计)的 be intended for专门为……准备/打算 intended to have done＝had intended to do本来打算做……(事实上没做成) ③intention n．打算；计划 with an/the intention of抱有……的目的；打算…… [考点初探]　单句填空 ①We intended to set(set) out at once, but he insisted on not going. ②Those flowers were intended for your mother on her seventieth birthday. ③I'm really sorry. I intended to have given(give) you a hand, but you see how busy I am now! ④As you can see, the dictionary is intended(intend) for the beginners. [考点进阶]　完成句子 ⑤我打算参加社区组织的一些有意义的志愿者活动。 I intend to take part in some meaningful volunteer activities organized by the community. ⑥我很高兴得知你想学习汉语。孔子学院可能是一个很好的选择，这是为非中国人的汉语学习者准备的。 I'm more than pleased to know that you are eager to learn Chinese. Confucius Institute may be a good choice, which is intended for the Chinese learners who are not natives． 12　　call on sb. to do sth. 正式邀请某人做某事；请求某人做某事 [归纳拓展] ①call for (公开)要求；需要；(去)接(某人) ②call up (给某人)打电话；使想起(某事) ③call back 回电话 ④call off 取消 ⑤call in 请来；召来 ⑥call on (短暂)拜访；呼吁 [考点初探]　用call的相关短语填空 ①The passengers were angry at the train being called off without notice in advance. ②Developing the Yangtze River Economic Belt is a systematic project which calls for a clear road map and timetable. ③I called on my neighbours last night and returned a book I had borrowed. ④I'll be out for some time. In case anything important happens, call up Mr.Wang immediately. 句型精析 1　　动词不定式作后置定语 [归纳拓展] ①动词不定式作定语用来修饰的词是抽象名词，常见的有ability、 chance、 ambition、 offer、 desire、 answer、 reply、 attempt、 belief等。 ②当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级等修饰时或前有the next、 the only、 the last等时，常用不定式作后置定语。 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①My mother is the first woman in her village to receive(receive) high education. ②As far as I know, Amy was the only person to witness(witness) the car accident. ③The ability to express(express) an idea is as important as the idea itself. ④The students are looking forward to having an opportunity to explore(explore) society of real­life experience. [考点进阶]　完成句子 ⑤我爸爸能说一口流利的英语，他是我们学校第一个出国交流的老师。 My dad can speak fluent English and he is the first teacher in our school to go abroad for communication． 2　　while引导状语从句 [归纳拓展] while作连词时的主要用法： ①意为“当……的时候”，引导时间状语从句，谓语动词用延续性动词； ②意为“但是，可是”，引导并列句，表示转折或对比； ③意为“虽然，尽管”，引导让步状语从句，要放在句首。 [考点初探]　写出下列句中while引导的句子类型 ①While they were building a tunnel through the mountain, the workers discovered an underground lake. 时间状语从句 ②While I enjoy the book with some nice pictures, I don't have enough money to buy it. 让步状语从句 ③Generally，sweet apples are eaten fresh while tart apples are used to make apple sauce. 并列句 [考点进阶]　句式升级 ④Be sure to follow your teacher's instructions while you are doing this chemical experiment. →Be sure to follow your teacher's instructions while doing this chemical experiment.(省略句) [对应学生用书P174] 一、单词拼写 1．There are literally(确实地) hundreds of prizes to win. 2．The fence marks the boundary(边界) between my property and hers. 3．These results demonstrate(证明) convincingly that our campaign is working. 4．We're not sure whether we still want to proceed(继续做) with the sale. 5．There is a growing trend(趋势) towards earlier retirement. 6．She never achieved her ambition(追求的目标) of becoming a famous writer. 7．Although I poured(倾倒) it carefully, I still managed to spill some. 8．The team's opponents(对手) are unbeaten so far this season. 9．Only when our words are consistent(一致的) with our actions can we make a difference in our lives. 10．Can you claim for the loss on your insurance(保险业)? 二、单句填空 1．He has always been ambitious(ambition) and fiercely competitive. 2．I have been a faithful(faith) reader of your newspaper for many years. 3．She climbed the steps and proceeded(proceed) along the upstairs hallway. 4．Wait a minute，let me give you a demonstration(demonstrate). 5．In a diverse(diversity) society, one would expect there to be multiple interpretations of rights. 6．How can the runners enjoy competing(compete) against others in winter? 7．Everyone in the class is expected to participate in these discussions. 8．Most people said that pay was their main motivation(motivate) for working. 9．It is our consistent(consist) policy that we will achieve unity through peaceful means. 10．Everyone was silent, waiting to see who would be called on to read his or her paragraph aloud. 三、短语填空 1．We are hoping to see the day when all people live side by side(相安无事). 2．Many endangered species will soon die out(消失；灭绝；逐渐消亡) if we don't take action. 3．After finishing the proposed study, I will devote myself to(致力于) the development of computer science. 4．Therefore, we call on(呼吁) people to use cloth bags and baskets instead of plastic bags. 5．One major disadvantage of the area is the lack of(缺乏) public transport. 6．Thankfully, after I explained my plan to them in detail(详细地), they said yes. 7．We must try to live in peace(和平地) and harmony with ourselves and those around us. 8．I don't think you become aware of(意识到)how much money such a project will cost to complete. 9．All witnesses have to give an account of(说明) what they saw on the night of the burglary. 10．(2023·全国甲卷)It was June 1986 when I came to Moscow to participate in(参加) Open Tchaikovsky Competition at the age of 10 from Chelyabinsk. 四、完成句子 1．我原本打算去北京，但是我没有买到票。 I had intended to go to Beijing, but I didn't get the ticket. 2．多亏了你的鼓励，我最终有了面对那个挑战的勇气。 Thanks to your encouragement, I finally got the courage to face the challenge． 3．记住成功来自努力，而懒惰导致失败。 Please bear in mind that success comes from hard work while laziness leads to failure． 4．由于许多野生动物逐渐灭绝，目前的形势值得注意。 With many wild animals gradually dying out, the present situation deserves attention. 五、教材语法填空 As is known to us all, sport is a big part of global culture, and there are lots of sports idioms that have found their way 1.into everyday language. The English language is full of idioms which are thought 2.to have come(come) from football. “Moves the goalposts” means someone 3.unfairly(unfair) changes the rules or requirements of a process. “Scoring an own goal” in football means accidentally 4.kicking(kick) the ball into one's own net. Therefore, the idiom means making a bad mistake which unintentionally 5.harms(harm) their own interests. Baseball has also given the English language many different idioms. When we talk about rough estimates, we can use 6.expressions(express) like “in the ballpark” or “a ballpark estimate”. “Throwing someone a curveball” is used to describe things 7.that/which are unexpected and difficult to respond to. “Three strikes and you are out” is often used to talk about situations where you miss three chances. English also has a large number of idioms 8.related(relate) to boxing. If someone makes 9.an unfair and cruel remark, we can describe it as “below the belt”. “Throwing in the towel” means admitting defeat 10.and giving up. 六、话题写作 结合本单元主题，使用本单元词汇与句型写一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。 1．上周，我们学校在体育场举行了一场4×100米接力赛。(relay) 2．参加比赛的人被分为八组，每一组都把赢得比赛作为目标。(participate in; ambition; competition) 3．由于我的反应能力比较好，而且跑得比较快，我被选为第一棒。(elect; first batter) 4．最终，我们获得了第一名，得到了连续不断的掌声。(consistent; applause) [参考范文] Last week, our school held a 4×100 relay race in the stadium. The students who participated in the competition were divided into eight groups, and each had an ambition to win the competition.Because of my good reaction ability and fast running, I was elected as the first batter. Finally, we won first place and received consistent applause. [对应学生用书P176] 一、一词多义之rank [金题速练] (1)They rose in the ranks not by being friendly but by smoking cigarettes, breaking rules and playing jokes on others, among whom I soon found myself.地位 (2)Their cooperation quickly produced results, and a few years later at Jamaica's Olympic games in early 2008, Shelly Ann, who at that time only ranked number 70 in the world, beat Jamaica's unchallenged queen of the sprint(短跑).位居，属于某等级 (3)He was soon promoted to the rank of captain.军衔 (4)She was ranked as one of the most potential athletes at that time.属于某等级 (5)Britain is no longer in the front rank of world powers.等级；级别 (6)The university is ranked number one in the country for engineering.排名 (7)We have a number of international players in our ranks.成员 [名师点津] [相关短语] (1)officers of junior/senior rank 有低级/高级军阶的军官 (2)a painter of the first rank 一流的画家 (3)in rank 成行列；成队 (4)first rank 一流的 [图说词义] There was widespread support for him among the rank and file.他在普通员工中得到了广泛的支持。 二、一词多义之handle [金题速练] (1)When you want to avoid interruptions at work, there are several ways to handle things.处理 (2)Driving a car is not just handling controls and judging speed and distance.操纵 (3)The handle was just beyond my reach.把手 (4)Our cat hates being handled.(用手)触 (5)We all have to learn to handle stress.调节 (6)We were worried that she wouldn't be able to handle it, but she came through in the end.处理 [名师点津] [相关短语] (1)handle with the problem处理问题 (2)door handle门把手 (3)handle with care小心搬运/处理 (4)deal with＝manage处理 [图说词义] You have to know how to handle yourself in this business (＝ know the right way to behave).你必须知道在这件事上如何把握自己。 [课时作业(十八)见P344] 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$