精品解析：安徽省合肥市一六八中学2024-2025学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题

合肥一六八中学2023级高二期末调研试卷 英语试题 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分) 做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 (共5小题; 每小题1.5分，满分7.5 分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. What are the speakers doing now? A. Having a class. B. Attending a party. C. Watching a tennis match. 2. What does the woman think of Brandon Kent? A. Helpful. B. Hard-working. C. Knowledgeable. 3. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a supermarket. B. In a restaurant. C. In the woman’s house. 4. What are the speakers talking about? A. How to go to Europe. B. How to celebrate an event. C. How to spend the weekend. 5. What might the woman do next? A. Move house. B. Visit the man’s place. C. View an apartment. 第二节 (共15小题; 每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟; 听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Why did the man order pink roses? A. They were recommended by the supplier. B. They match the theme of the event. C. They go well with their logo. 7. What does the man do in the end? A He accepts the woman’s offer. B. He expresses his disappointment. C. He tells his workmates about the case. 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。 8. Where will the speakers go together? A. The park. B. The bookstall. C. The market. 9. What time does the woman need to be at home? A. By 4:30 p.m. B. By 4:45 p.m. C. By 5:15 p.m. 听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。 10. When does the man expect his house to be finished? A. By the end of the December. B. At the beginning of January. C. By the end of January. 11. What is the man uncertain about? A. What colors to use. B. Which rooms to redecorate. C. When to deal with the master bedroom. 12. What will the woman do in the evening? A. Design some new samples. B. Redecorate the man’s rooms. C. Let the man choose the wallpaper. 听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。 13. What does the man help Ada do? A. Choose a work field. B. Decide on her major. C. Improve her math ability. 14. What does the man learn from Ada’s file? A. She majored in physics. B. She is good at science subjects. C. She would like to be an engineer. 15. What is the man’s opinion on engineering jobs? A. Popular. B. Difficult. C. Rewarding. 16. What field is appealing to Ada? A. Electrical engineering. B. Computer engineering. C. Mechanical engineering. 听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。 17. Why did Arne Jacobsen give up becoming an artist? A. His parents were against it. B. He disliked art as time went by. C. He didn’t think it was a good job. 18. What was Arne Jacobsen’s design style? A. Traditional. B. Simple. C. Flowery. 19. What kind of person was Arne Jacobsen? A. Humorous. B. Gifted. C. Serious. 20. What did Arne Jacobsen’s works focus on? A. Creativity. B. Style. C. Function. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题: 每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Four Famous Female Scientists Katherine Johnson Katherine Johnson graduated from college — with honors — at the same age most people graduated from high school. She later applied to a program at the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics and earned a spot as one of the agency’s human computers. One of Katherine’s most important jobs was calculating the path of the first American manned spaceflight in 1961 and the Apollo moon landing in 1969. While NASA began using computers for the task in 1962, astronaut John Glenn refused to go into flight until Katherine checked the computer’s calculations by hand. Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin When Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin became the first woman to receive a PhD from Harvard’s Radeliffe College, no one knew how much her doctoral paper would change the world of science. Her conclusion that stars are composed mainly of hydrogen and helium (氦) contradicted the main theory of the time, and some of the day’s leading scientists openly questioned her findings. It would take more than a decade for another scientist to reach the same conclusion. Lise Meitner Lise Meitner is one of only two women to have an element named in her honor — the element with the atomic number 109 is called meitnerium. She was the first physics professor in Germany and the first scientist to include the term“nuclear fission (裂变)” in a published paper. During her career, she discovered what causes the Auger Effect, explained how nuclear fission works, and uncovered the element protactinium (镤). Grace Hopper Grace Hopper was known for her pioneering work in the development of computer programming languages. She began her career in computing and worked on the Harvard Mark I computer program. Later, she created the first program that translated code into machine language, and also developed the COBOL (Common Business-Oriented Language) programming language. 1. What was one of Katherine Johnson’s significant contributions? A. She earned a PhD from Harvard. B. She developed a programming language. C. She explained how nuclear fission works. D. She calculated the path for major space missions. 2. Whose conclusion about stars faced opposition from leading scientists? A. Katherine Johnson’s. B. Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin’s. C. Lise Meitner’s. D. Grace Hopper’s. 3. What do Lise Meitner and Grace Hopper have in common? A. They graduated from Harvard. B. They discovered new elements. C. They worked on something about computers. D. They were both pioneers in their own field. B When I was growing up, my mom often said that no matter what grades I got in school, as long as I did my best, she’d be proud of me. Then she added, “But if you didn’t get an A, I’ll know you didn’t do your best.” She said it with a smile, but I took it seriously: I shouldn’t settle for anything less than perfect. My greatest weakness is that I’m too much of a perfectionist. Perfectionism is the desire to be 100% perfect. The goal is zero faults and no failures. In an increasingly competitive world, kids face growing pressure from parents to be perfect and severe criticism when they fall short. Every fault is a blow to their self-esteem (自尊). I’ve lived it myself. When I won the fifth-grade quiz bowl on world explorers, I beat myself up afterward for missing one question. How could I forget that the sea route to India was discovered by da Gama, but not Magellan? When I made the finals of a Mortal Kombat tournament and won a lifetime pass to a local movie theater, I didn’t celebrate. Third place is the second loser. When I won the first prize in a math test, I was disappointed. Only a 98? Not good enough. There was always a voice in the back of my mind whispering that it wasn’t enough and that I could have done better. It was during my college years that I started to question the value of this perfectionism. I met people who didn’t seem to be weighed down by the same expectations, who accepted their mistakes and saw them as opportunities for growth rather than failures. They taught me that it was okay to be imperfect, that it was human to make mistakes, and that sometimes, the most important lessons come from our failures. 4. What is paragraph 1 mainly about? A. Why the author became a perfectionist. B. The disadvantage of being a perfectionist. C. How the author got the good grades in school. D. The feeling of being grateful to the author’s mother. 5. What made the author unsatisfied with what had been achieved? A. Blame from parents. B. Desire to get first prize. C. Eagerness to be perfect. D. Pressure of competitions. 6. What made the author change the attitude towards perfectionism? A. Losing expectation to succeed. B. Realizing the harm of being perfect. C. Learning lessons from other people’s failure. D. Encountering those accepting imperfection. 7. Which column of a magazine may the text be taken from? A. Parenting Styles. B. Coming-of-Age Stories. C. People of Achievement. D. Challenges Facing Youth. C Nicholas Dames has taught Literature Humanities at Columbia University since 1998. He loves the job, but it has changed. Over the past decade, students have become bewildered by the thought of finishing multiple books a semester. This development puzzled Dames until a first-year student shared how challenging she had found the early assignments. The student said that at her public high school, she was only assigned passages, but not entire books. “My jaw dropped,” Dames told me. This helped explain the change: It’s not that they don’t want to read. It’s that they don’t know how. Failing to complete a 14-line poem without giving in to distraction (干扰) suggests one familiar explanation for the decrease in reading ability: smartphones. Teenagers are constantly drawn by their devices. Reading books, even for pleasure, can’t compete with TikTok. In 1976, about 40 percent of high-school seniors said they had read at least six books for fun in the previous year, compared with 11.5 percent who hadn’t read any. By 2022, those percentages had flipped. But high school kids appear to be encountering fewer and fewer books in the classroom as well. Since the ability to read an entire book is difficult to assess teachers focus on skills that are easier to measure. They have shifted from books to short passages, followed by questions about the author’s main idea, just as standardized reading-comprehension tests do. Faced with this situation, many college professors feel they have no choice but to assign less reading and lower their expectations. This means students will miss out on the mental development that comes from reading entire books. Reading enlarges your sympathies. Deep reading — sustained focus on a text — encourages a number of valuable mental habits, including critical thinking and self-reflection, in ways that skimming or reading in short passages does not. I can imagine worse preparations for the trials, and thrills, of Literature Humanities. But we’ve never forgotten the originals. To understand the human condition, and to appreciate humankind’s greatest achievements, you still need to read The Iliad — all of it. 8. What does the underlined word “bewildered” mean in paragraph 1? A. Delighted. B. Confused. C. Amazed. D. Relieved. 9. Why does the author list numbers in paragraph 2? A. To highlight the rise of social media. B. To clarify the problems of smartphones. C. To illustrate the change in reading methods. D. To demonstrate the decline in book reading. 10. What is a result of professors assigning less reading? A. The shortage of learning motivation. B. The reduction of genuine sympathies. C. The loss of cognitive growth opportunities. D. The restriction of personal academic progress. 11. What is the author’s attitude towards reading originals? A. Doubtful. B. Supportive. C. Cautious. D. Indifferent. D Have you ever wondered what chickens are talking about? Chickens are quite the communicators — their clucks squawks and purrs are not just random sounds but a complex language system. These sounds are their way of interacting with the world and expressing joy, fear, and social connection to one another. Like humans, the “language” of chickens varies with age, environment, and surprisingly, domestication (驯化), giving us insights into their social structures and behaviours. Understanding these sounds can transform our approach to poultry (家禽) farming, enhancing chicken welfare and quality of life. Our research at Dalhousie University applies artificial intelligence (AI) to decode the language of chickens. It’s a project that is set to revolutionize our understanding of these feathered creatures and their communication methods, offering a window into their world that was previously closed to us. The use of AI and machine learning is like having a universal translator for chicken speech. AI can analyze vast amounts of audio data. Our algorithms (算法) are learning to recognize patterns and tiny differences in chicken sounds. This isn’t a simple task — chickens have a range of sounds that vary in pitch, tone, and context. But by using advanced data analysis techniques, we’re beginning to crack their code. This breakthrough in animal communication is not just a scientific achievement; it’s a step towards more humane and empathetic treatment of farm animals. One of the most exciting aspects of this research is understanding the emotional content behind these sounds. Are they stressed? Are they content? By understanding their emotional state, we can make more informed decisions about their care and environment. This project isn’t just about academic curiosity; it has real-world implications. We’re not only unlocking the secrets of avian (鸟类的) communication but also setting new standards for animal welfare. 12. What can we know about chickens from the first two paragraphs? A. They lack emotions. B. They are capable of communication. C. Their sounds are random and complex. D. Their language remains constant over time. 13. What is the significance of the research conducted at Dalhousie University? A. It facilitates new chicken breeds. B. It holds great promise for animal care. C. It solely demonstrates an academic theory. D. It revoutionizes human-chicken interaction. 14. What is a highlight of the research? A. Uncovering chickens’ behaviours. B. Discovering advanced feeding techniques. C. Comprehending chickens’ emotional states. D. Examining chickens’ living circumstances. 15. What is the main idea of the text ? A. The secret of chickens’ life. B. The future of poultry farming. C. Enhancing animal welfare by AI. D. Unlocking chickens’ language by AI. 第二节 (共5小题: 每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 One Second Every Day I’ve been in advertising for eight years and used to work a lot of late nights and weekends for numerous projects. ____16____ One day I watched a talk called “The power of time off”. It’s about how every seven years, the speaker takes a year off from work so he can do his own creative projects. ____17____ I decided I had to do that. I need to take time to start my own creative ideas. The first project ends up being something I call “One Second Every Day”. Basically I record one second of every day for the rest of my life, combining these moments into one single continuous video until I can’t record them anymore. ____18____ There’re many things I have no recollection of unless someone brings them up, and I think, “Oh, that’s something I did.” ____19____ On a good day, I’ll have maybe four seconds I want to choose. I’ll just have to narrow them down to one, but even narrow them down to that one allows me to remember the other three anyway. I don’t use any filters (滤镜), just trying to catch the moment as much as possible as it is. I started a rule of the first person view. Early on, I thought I should have a couple of videos where people would see me, but I realized that wasn’t the way to go. ____20____ The project has many possibilities. I encourage you all to record just a small piece of your life every day, so you can never forget that day and treasure every moment. A. It instantly inspired me. B. The purpose is to remember what I’ve done. C. I’m always energetic when doing things I love. D. People might have different interpretations of it. E. It’s difficult, sometimes, to pick that one second. F. But I never had time for one I wanted to work on on my own. G. The essence of my project should be recording the thing as I actually see it. 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题; 每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 As the music played, we returned to our positions. Our teacher made the dance look so ____21____ as she demonstrated it—every step and gesture flowed naturally with the music and she looked confident. Once she finished the ____22____, she told us, “It’s your time to____23____!” Over the course of four months, we practised for our final performance. Thinking of standing onstage gave me instant ____24____——who would want to be stared at by a crowd? In the beginning, we felt ____25____ and determined even after hours of dancing. We’d even grab drinks together after class and ____26____ our own performance, finding the good and bad. However, after a couple of weeks, our ____27____ weren’t the same as before—what were once elegant and dynamic now lacked liveliness. Some of the classmates ____28____. Thinking it over, I decided to still use the course as a ____29____ of improving——I’d never danced and had much to learn. It was ____30____ for me to dance as well as the teacher, so my ____31____ seemed simple: practising and losing myself in the dance. On the performance day, I ____32____ the way my teacher attracted me that first day. Holding on to that flashback, I entered the stage. I couldn’t see the audience through the ____33____ lights, feeling less afraid. With the performance unfolding, I had no other ____34____, absorbed in the beat and dancing. I succeeded. And I knew at that moment, I’d ____35____ others, too. 21. A. familiar B. easy C. fresh D. special 22. A. lesson B. challenge C. trial D. presentation 23. A. shine B. comment C. compete D. ask 24. A. expectation B. fright C. imagination D. curiosity 25. A. respected B. understood C. energized D. valued 26. A. overstate B. compare C. ignore D. evaluate 27. A. potentials B. passions C. movements D. moods 28. A. quit B. hurt C. noticed D. improved 29. A. symbol B. chance C. honor D. interpretation 30. A. one-sided B. time-consuming C. unusual D. impractical 31. A. change B. goal C. excuse D. action 32. A. recalled B. copied C. appreciated D. adjusted 33. A. soft B. natural C. blinding D. varied 34 A. tasks B. partners C. choices D. thoughts 35. A. approved of B. called on C. appealed to D. stood for 第二节 语法填空 (共10小题；每小题1.5分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 With support from central government, canteens offering the elderly discounted meals and delivery services are being established. As the dietary needs of the seniors ____36____ (evolve), so has the canteen’s technology. ____37____ instant one senior enters, a message flashes across a screen — “Mr. Chen, seafood and soy products aren’t suitable for you today.” Personalized reminders appear on the screen, offering meal suggestions based on their health data. Seniors who require special care have their vital signs monitored and data ____38____ (feed) into the canteen’s system, ____39____ then generates customized menus. If someone is allergic ____40____ seafood, the system detects it and generates a customized menu advising them what to avoid. To protect privacy and ensure security, facial ____41____ (recognize) and health data usage are governed by a privacy agreement. Both elderly residents and their children sign this agreement, ensuring the data is ____42____ (strict) used for non-commercial purposes. The intiative not only improves the quality of life for the elderly, but also supports younger family members who can’t care for ____43____ (they) parents full-time. Chen Peng’s parents, both of them ____44____ (approach) 80, enjoy three discounted meals a day from Monday to Friday. “Elderly like my parents enjoy hot, ____45____ (afford) meals and companionship to alleviate loneliness,” he said. 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你的外教Mike拍摄的“Approaching My Chinese Students’”系列短视频深受外国学生欢迎，现针对新一期的拍摄咨询你的意见，请你给他写一封电子邮件。内容包括： 1.推荐拍摄内容； 2.陈述理由； 3.表达祝愿。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Mike, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 That night, I quarreled with my mother, then stormed out of the house. While on the road, I remembered that I did not have any money in my pocket, I did not even take my cell phone with me to make a call home. At the same time, I went through a noodle shop, and I suddenly felt very hungry. I wished for a bowl of noodles, but I had no money! The seller saw me standing before the counter and asked, “Hey little girl, you want to eat a bowl?” “But … but I do not carry money …” I shyly replied. “Okay, I’ll treat you.” the seller said, “come in, I will cook you a bowl.” A few minutes later the owner brought me a steaming bowl of noodles. After eating some pieces I cried. “What is it?” He asked. “Nothing. I am just touched by your kindness!” I said as I wiped my tears. “Even a stranger on the street gives me a bowl of noodles, and my mother, after a quarrel, chased me out of the house. She is cruel (残忍的)!!” The seller sighed, “Girl, why did you think so? Think again. I only gave you a bowl of noodles and you felt that way. Your mother has been taking care of you since you were little, why were you not grateful and why did you hurt your mom?” I was really surprised after hearing that. Why did I not think of that? A bowl of noodles from a stranger made me feel grateful, and my mother has raised me since I was little and I have never felt so, not even a little. 注意：1. 续写词数应为 150 左右； 2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Just at that moment, many memories came back into my mind. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ When arriving home, I saw my mother sitting at the dinner table, worried and tired. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 合肥一六八中学2023级高二期末调研试卷 英语试题 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分) 做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 (共5小题; 每小题1.5分，满分7.5 分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. What are the speakers doing now? A. Having a class. B. Attending a party. C. Watching a tennis match. 2. What does the woman think of Brandon Kent? A. Helpful. B. Hard-working. C. Knowledgeable. 3. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a supermarket. B. In a restaurant. C. In the woman’s house. 4. What are the speakers talking about? A. How to go to Europe. B. How to celebrate an event. C. How to spend the weekend. 5. What might the woman do next? A. Move house. B. Visit the man’s place. C. View an apartment. 第二节 (共15小题; 每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟; 听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Why did the man order pink roses? A. They were recommended by the supplier. B. They match the theme of the event. C. They go well with their logo. 7. What does the man do in the end? A. He accepts the woman’s offer. B. He expresses his disappointment. C. He tells his workmates about the case. 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。 8. Where will the speakers go together? A. The park. B. The bookstall. C. The market. 9. What time does the woman need to be at home? A. By 4:30 p.m. B. By 4:45 p.m. C. By 5:15 p.m. 听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。 10. When does the man expect his house to be finished? A. By the end of the December. B. At the beginning of January. C. By the end of January. 11. What is the man uncertain about? A. What colors to use. B. Which rooms to redecorate. C. When to deal with the master bedroom. 12. What will the woman do in the evening? A. Design some new samples. B. Redecorate the man’s rooms. C. Let the man choose the wallpaper. 听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。 13. What does the man help Ada do? A. Choose a work field. B. Decide on her major. C. Improve her math ability. 14. What does the man learn from Ada’s file? A. She majored in physics. B. She is good at science subjects. C. She would like to be an engineer. 15. What is the man’s opinion on engineering jobs? A. Popular. B. Difficult. C. Rewarding. 16. What field is appealing to Ada? A. Electrical engineering. B. Computer engineering. C. Mechanical engineering. 听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。 17. Why did Arne Jacobsen give up becoming an artist? A. His parents were against it. B. He disliked art as time went by. C. He didn’t think it was a good job. 18. What was Arne Jacobsen’s design style? A. Traditional. B. Simple. C. Flowery. 19. What kind of person was Arne Jacobsen? A. Humorous. B. Gifted. C. Serious. 20. What did Arne Jacobsen’s works focus on? A. Creativity. B. Style. C. Function. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题: 每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Four Famous Female Scientists Katherine Johnson Katherine Johnson graduated from college — with honors — at the same age most people graduated from high school. She later applied to a program at the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics and earned a spot as one of the agency’s human computers. One of Katherine’s most important jobs was calculating the path of the first American manned spaceflight in 1961 and the Apollo moon landing in 1969. While NASA began using computers for the task in 1962, astronaut John Glenn refused to go into flight until Katherine checked the computer’s calculations by hand. Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin When Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin became the first woman to receive a PhD from Harvard’s Radeliffe College, no one knew how much her doctoral paper would change the world of science. Her conclusion that stars are composed mainly of hydrogen and helium (氦) contradicted the main theory of the time, and some of the day’s leading scientists openly questioned her findings. It would take more than a decade for another scientist to reach the same conclusion. Lise Meitner Lise Meitner is one of only two women to have an element named in her honor — the element with the atomic number 109 is called meitnerium. She was the first physics professor in Germany and the first scientist to include the term“nuclear fission (裂变)” in a published paper. During her career, she discovered what causes the Auger Effect, explained how nuclear fission works, and uncovered the element protactinium (镤). Grace Hopper Grace Hopper was known for her pioneering work in the development of computer programming languages. She began her career in computing and worked on the Harvard Mark I computer program. Later, she created the first program that translated code into machine language, and also developed the COBOL (Common Business-Oriented Language) programming language. 1. What was one of Katherine Johnson’s significant contributions? A. She earned a PhD from Harvard. B. She developed a programming language. C. She explained how nuclear fission works. D. She calculated the path for major space missions. 2. Whose conclusion about stars faced opposition from leading scientists? A. Katherine Johnson’s. B. Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin’s. C. Lise Meitner’s. D. Grace Hopper’s. 3. What do Lise Meitner and Grace Hopper have in common? A. They graduated from Harvard. B. They discovered new elements. C. They worked on something about computers. D. They were both pioneers in their own field. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四位著名女科学家。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“One of Katherine’s most important jobs was calculating the path of the first American manned spaceflight in 1961 and the Apollo moon landing in 1969.(凯瑟琳最重要的工作之一是计算1961年美国首次载人航天飞行和1969年阿波罗登月的路径)”可知，凯瑟琳·约翰逊的重要贡献之一是为重要的太空任务计算飞行路径，故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin部分中“Her conclusion that stars are composed mainly of hydrogen and helium (氦) contradicted the main theory of the time, and some of the day’s leading scientists openly questioned her findings.(她关于恒星主要由氢和氦组成的结论与当时的主流理论相矛盾，一些当时的顶尖科学家公开质疑她的发现)”可知，Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin关于恒星的结论遭到了顶尖科学家的反对。故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“She was the first physics professor in Germany and the first scientist to include the term “nuclear fission (裂变)” in a published paper.(她是德国第一位物理学教授，也是第一位在发表的论文中使用“核裂变”一词的科学家)”以及最后一段“Grace Hopper was known for her pioneering work in the development of computer programming languages.(格蕾丝·霍珀因其在计算机编程语言开发方面的开创性工作而闻名)”可知，莉莎·迈特纳和格蕾丝·霍珀的共同之处是在各自领域都是先驱，故选D。 B When I was growing up, my mom often said that no matter what grades I got in school, as long as I did my best, she’d be proud of me. Then she added, “But if you didn’t get an A, I’ll know you didn’t do your best.” She said it with a smile, but I took it seriously: I shouldn’t settle for anything less than perfect. My greatest weakness is that I’m too much of a perfectionist. Perfectionism is the desire to be 100% perfect. The goal is zero faults and no failures. In an increasingly competitive world, kids face growing pressure from parents to be perfect and severe criticism when they fall short. Every fault is a blow to their self-esteem (自尊). I’ve lived it myself. When I won the fifth-grade quiz bowl on world explorers, I beat myself up afterward for missing one question. How could I forget that the sea route to India was discovered by da Gama, but not Magellan? When I made the finals of a Mortal Kombat tournament and won a lifetime pass to a local movie theater, I didn’t celebrate. Third place is the second loser. When I won the first prize in a math test, I was disappointed. Only a 98? Not good enough. There was always a voice in the back of my mind whispering that it wasn’t enough and that I could have done better. It was during my college years that I started to question the value of this perfectionism. I met people who didn’t seem to be weighed down by the same expectations, who accepted their mistakes and saw them as opportunities for growth rather than failures. They taught me that it was okay to be imperfect, that it was human to make mistakes, and that sometimes, the most important lessons come from our failures. 4. What is paragraph 1 mainly about? A. Why the author became a perfectionist. B. The disadvantage of being a perfectionist. C. How the author got the good grades in school. D. The feeling of being grateful to the author’s mother. 5. What made the author unsatisfied with what had been achieved? A. Blame from parents. B. Desire to get first prize. C. Eagerness to be perfect. D. Pressure of competitions. 6. What made the author change the attitude towards perfectionism? A. Losing expectation to succeed. B. Realizing the harm of being perfect. C. Learning lessons from other people’s failure. D. Encountering those accepting imperfection. 7. Which column of a magazine may the text be taken from? A. Parenting Styles. B. Coming-of-Age Stories. C. People of Achievement. D. Challenges Facing Youth. 【答案】4. A 5. C 6. D 7. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从小到大追求完美，到大学时期因遇到一些人而改变对完美主义态度的成长故事。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“When I was growing up, my mom often said that no matter what grades I got in school, as long as I did my best, she’d be proud of me. Then she added, “But if you didn’t get an A, I’ll know you didn’t do your best.” She said it with a smile, but I took it seriously: I shouldn’t settle for anything less than perfect. My greatest weakness is that I’m too much of a perfectionist.(在我成长的过程中，我妈妈经常说，不管我在学校取得了什么成绩，只要我做到了最好，她就会为我感到骄傲。然后她又说：“但如果你没有得到A，我就知道你没有尽力。”她说这话时面带微笑，但我却当真了：我不应该满足于任何不完美的东西。我最大的缺点是过于追求完美)”可知，第一段主要讲的是作者成为完美主义者的原因。故选A。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Perfectionism is the desire to be 100% perfect. The goal is zero faults and no failures.(完美主义就是想要100%完美。目标是零错误，没有失败)”以及第三段“When I won the fifth-grade quiz bowl on world explorers, I beat myself up afterward for missing one question.(当我在五年级世界探险家竞赛中获胜时，我因为错过了一道题而自责)”可知，渴望完美让作者对已经取得的成就不满意。故选C。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“I met people who didn’t seem to be weighed down by the same expectations, who accepted their mistakes and saw them as opportunities for growth rather than failures. They taught me that it was okay to be imperfect, that it was human to make mistakes, and that sometimes, the most important lessons come from our failures.(我遇到了一些人，他们似乎没有被同样的期望所拖累，他们接受自己的错误，把它们视为成长的机会，而不是失败。他们告诉我，不完美是可以接受的，犯错误是人之常情，有时候，最重要的教训来自于我们的失败)”可知，遇到那些接受不完美的人让作者改变了对完美主义的态度。故选D。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“My greatest weakness is that I’m too much of a perfectionist.(我最大的缺点是过于追求完美)”以及最后一段“It was during my college years that I started to question the value of this perfectionism.(在大学期间，我开始质疑这种完美主义的价值)”结合文章主要讲述了作者从小到大追求完美，到大学时期因遇到一些人而改变对完美主义态度的成长故事。可知，这篇文章可能取自杂志的“成长故事”专栏。故选B。 C Nicholas Dames has taught Literature Humanities at Columbia University since 1998. He loves the job, but it has changed. Over the past decade, students have become bewildered by the thought of finishing multiple books a semester. This development puzzled Dames until a first-year student shared how challenging she had found the early assignments. The student said that at her public high school, she was only assigned passages, but not entire books. “My jaw dropped,” Dames told me. This helped explain the change: It’s not that they don’t want to read. It’s that they don’t know how. Failing to complete a 14-line poem without giving in to distraction (干扰) suggests one familiar explanation for the decrease in reading ability: smartphones. Teenagers are constantly drawn by their devices. Reading books, even for pleasure, can’t compete with TikTok. In 1976, about 40 percent of high-school seniors said they had read at least six books for fun in the previous year, compared with 11.5 percent who hadn’t read any. By 2022, those percentages had flipped. But high school kids appear to be encountering fewer and fewer books in the classroom as well. Since the ability to read an entire book is difficult to assess, teachers focus on skills that are easier to measure. They have shifted from books to short passages, followed by questions about the author’s main idea, just as standardized reading-comprehension tests do. Faced with this situation, many college professors feel they have no choice but to assign less reading and lower their expectations. This means students will miss out on the mental development that comes from reading entire books. Reading enlarges your sympathies. Deep reading — sustained focus on a text — encourages a number of valuable mental habits, including critical thinking and self-reflection, in ways that skimming or reading in short passages does not. I can imagine worse preparations for the trials, and thrills, of Literature Humanities. But we’ve never forgotten the originals. To understand the human condition, and to appreciate humankind’s greatest achievements, you still need to read The Iliad — all of it. 8. What does the underlined word “bewildered” mean in paragraph 1? A. Delighted. B. Confused. C. Amazed. D. Relieved. 9. Why does the author list numbers in paragraph 2? A. To highlight the rise of social media. B. To clarify the problems of smartphones. C. To illustrate the change in reading methods. D. To demonstrate the decline in book reading. 10. What is a result of professors assigning less reading? A. The shortage of learning motivation. B. The reduction of genuine sympathies. C. The loss of cognitive growth opportunities. D. The restriction of personal academic progress. 11. What is the author’s attitude towards reading originals? A. Doubtful. B. Supportive. C. Cautious. D. Indifferent. 【答案】8. B 9. D 10. C 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了学生阅读量较少这一现象及其对学生的影响。 【8题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线单词下文“The student said that at her public high school, she was only assigned passages, but not entire books. “My jaw dropped,” Dames told me. This helped explain the change: It’s not that they don’t want to read. It’s that they don’t know how.(该学生说，在她的公立高中，她只分配了一些段落，而不是整本书。 “我的下巴都惊掉了，”达姆斯告诉我。这有助于解释这一变化：并不是他们不想读书。那是他们不知道如何读)”可知，学生们在高中时老师只分配一些段落而不是整本书让他们去读。由此猜测，学生们对一个学期读完多本书的想法感到困惑。划线单词意为“困惑的”，故选B。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Failing to complete a 14-line poem without giving in to distraction (干扰) suggests one familiar explanation for the decrease in reading ability: smartphones. Teenagers are constantly drawn by their devices. Reading books, even for pleasure, can’t compete with TikTok. In 1976, about 40 percent of high-school seniors said they had read at least six books for fun in the previous year, compared with 11.5 percent who hadn’t read any. By 2022, those percentages had flipped.(无法在不受到干扰的情况下完成一首 14 行诗，这表明阅读能力下降有一个常见的解释：智能手机。青少年总是被他们的设备所吸引。读书，即使是为了消遣，也无法与 TikTok 竞争。 1976 年，大约 40% 的高中生表示，他们在前一年至少读过六本书作为娱乐，相比之下，只有 11.5% 的人没有读过任何书。到 2022 年，这些百分比发生了逆转)”可推知，作者在第 2 段列出数字是为了证明学生读书量的下降。故选D。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Faced with this situation, many college professors feel they have no choice but to assign less reading and lower their expectations. This means students will miss out on the mental development that comes from reading entire books. Reading enlarges your sympathies. Deep reading — sustained focus on a text — encourages a number of valuable mental habits, including critical thinking and self-reflection, in ways that skimming or reading in short passages does not.(面对这种情况，许多大学教授感到别无选择，只能减少布置的阅读量，降低期望值。这意味着学生将错过阅读整本书所带来的智力发展。阅读可以增强你的同情心。深度阅读——持续专注于文本——可以培养一些有价值的心理习惯，包括批判性思维和自我反思，而略读或短文阅读则无法做到这一点)”可知，教授分配的阅读量减少，学生将错过阅读整本书所带来的智力发展，以及错失培养一些有价值的心理习惯的机会。由此可知，教授分配的阅读量减少的结果是学生的认知成长机会丧失。故选C。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“I can imagine worse preparations for the trials, and thrills, of Literature Humanities. But we’ve never forgotten the originals. To understand the human condition, and to appreciate humankind’s greatest achievements, you still need to read The Iliad — all of it.(我可以想象为文学人文学科的考验和刺激做好更糟糕的准备。但我们从未忘记最初的作品。要了解人类的处境，要欣赏人类最伟大的成就，你仍然需要阅读《伊利亚特》——全​​部)”可推知，作者对于阅读原著的态度是支持的，故选B。 D Have you ever wondered what chickens are talking about? Chickens are quite the communicators — their clucks, squawks and purrs are not just random sounds but a complex language system. These sounds are their way of interacting with the world and expressing joy, fear, and social connection to one another. Like humans, the “language” of chickens varies with age, environment, and surprisingly, domestication (驯化), giving us insights into their social structures and behaviours. Understanding these sounds can transform our approach to poultry (家禽) farming, enhancing chicken welfare and quality of life. Our research at Dalhousie University applies artificial intelligence (AI) to decode the language of chickens. It’s a project that is set to revolutionize our understanding of these feathered creatures and their communication methods, offering a window into their world that was previously closed to us. The use of AI and machine learning is like having a universal translator for chicken speech. AI can analyze vast amounts of audio data. Our algorithms (算法) are learning to recognize patterns and tiny differences in chicken sounds. This isn’t a simple task — chickens have a range of sounds that vary in pitch, tone, and context. But by using advanced data analysis techniques, we’re beginning to crack their code. This breakthrough in animal communication is not just a scientific achievement; it’s a step towards more humane and empathetic treatment of farm animals. One of the most exciting aspects of this research is understanding the emotional content behind these sounds. Are they stressed? Are they content? By understanding their emotional state, we can make more informed decisions about their care and environment. This project isn’t just about academic curiosity; it has real-world implications. We’re not only unlocking the secrets of avian (鸟类的) communication but also setting new standards for animal welfare. 12. What can we know about chickens from the first two paragraphs? A. They lack emotions. B. They are capable of communication. C. Their sounds are random and complex. D. Their language remains constant over time. 13. What is the significance of the research conducted at Dalhousie University? A. It facilitates new chicken breeds. B. It holds great promise for animal care. C. It solely demonstrates an academic theory. D. It revoutionizes human-chicken interaction. 14. What is a highlight of the research? A. Uncovering chickens’ behaviours. B. Discovering advanced feeding techniques. C. Comprehending chickens’ emotional states. D. Examining chickens’ living circumstances. 15. What is the main idea of the text ? A. The secret of chickens’ life. B. The future of poultry farming. C. Enhancing animal welfare by AI. D. Unlocking chickens’ language by AI. 【答案】12. B 13. B 14. C 15. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章开篇指出鸡是能够交流的，接着说明达尔豪斯大学的研究应用人工智能来解读鸡的语言，阐述了研究的意义，如能让我们更人道和有同情心地对待农场动物，还能为动物福利设定新标准等。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Chickens are quite the communicators — their clucks, squawks and purrs are not just random sounds but a complex language system. These sounds are their way of interacting with the world and expressing joy, fear, and social connection to one another. (鸡是很善于交流的——它们的咯咯声、吱吱声和呼噜声不仅仅是随机的声音，而是一种复杂的语言系统。这些声音是它们与世界互动以及彼此之间表达喜悦、恐惧和社会联系的方式。)”以及第二段“Like humans, the “language” of chickens varies with age, environment, and surprisingly, domestication (驯化), giving us insights into their social structures and behaviours. (像人类一样，鸡的“语言”会随着年龄、环境，令人惊讶的是，还有驯化程度而变化，这让我们了解它们的社会结构和行为。)”可知，鸡的叫声不是随机的声音，而是复杂的语言系统，这些声音是它们与世界互动以及彼此之间表达情感和社会联系的方式，并且鸡的“语言”会随着年龄、环境和驯化程度而变化，这让我们了解它们的社会结构和行为。所以从前两段我们能知道鸡有交流的能力，故选B项。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据原文第三段“This breakthrough in animal communication is not just a scientific achievement; it’s a step towards more humane and empathetic treatment of farm animals. (这一动物交流领域的突破不仅是一项科学成就；也是朝着更人道和有同情心地对待农场动物迈出的一步。)”以及最后一段“We’re not only unlocking the secrets of avian (鸟类的) communication but also setting new standards for animal welfare. (我们不仅揭示了鸟类交流的秘密，还为动物福利设定了新标准。)”可知，达尔豪斯大学的研究应用人工智能来解读鸡的语言，这一突破不仅是科学成就，也是朝着更人道和有同情心地对待农场动物迈出的一步，不仅揭示了鸟类交流的秘密，还为动物福利设定了新标准，可推理出这项研究对动物护理有很大的意义，故选B项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文第四段“One of the most exciting aspects of this research is understanding the emotional content behind these sounds. Are they stressed? Are they content? By understanding their emotional state, we can make more informed decisions about their care and environment. (这项研究最令人兴奋的方面之一是理解这些声音背后的情感内容。它们有压力吗？它们满足吗？通过理解它们的情绪状态，我们可以对它们的护理和环境做出更明智的决定。)”可知，这项研究最令人兴奋的方面之一是理解这些声音背后的情感内容，通过理解它们的情绪状态，我们可以对它们的护理和环境做出更明智的决定。所以这项研究的亮点是理解鸡的情绪状态，故选C项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Chickens are quite the communicators — their clucks, squawks and purrs are not just random sounds but a complex language system. These sounds are their way of interacting with the world and expressing joy, fear, and social connection to one another. (鸡是很善于交流的——它们的咯咯声、吱吱声和呼噜声不仅仅是随机的声音，而是一种复杂的语言系统。这些声音是它们与世界互动以及彼此之间表达喜悦、恐惧和社会联系的方式。)”、第二段“Like humans, the “language” of chickens varies with age, environment, and surprisingly, domestication (驯化), giving us insights into their social structures and behaviours. (像人类一样，鸡的“语言”会随着年龄、环境，令人惊讶的是，还有驯化程度而变化，这让我们了解它们的社会结构和行为。)”、第三段“Our research at Dalhousie University applies artificial intelligence (AI) to decode the language of chickens. It’s a project that is set to revolutionize our understanding of these feathered creatures and their communication methods, offering a window into their world that was previously closed to us. The use of AI and machine learning is like having a universal translator for chicken speech. AI can analyze vast amounts of audio data. Our algorithms (算法) are learning to recognize patterns and tiny differences in chicken sounds. (我们在达尔豪斯大学的研究应用了人工智能（AI）来解码鸡的语言。这个项目有望彻底改变我们对这些羽毛动物及其交流方式的理解，为我们打开了一扇通往它们世界的窗口，而此前这扇窗对我们是关闭的。使用AI和机器学习就如同拥有了鸡语的通用翻译器。AI能够分析大量的音频数据。我们的算法正在学习识别鸡叫声中的模式和细微差异。)”以及最后一段“This project isn’t just about academic curiosity; it has real-world implications. We’re not only unlocking the secrets of avian (鸟类的) communication but also setting new standards for animal welfare. (这个项目不仅仅是出于学术好奇，它有着现实世界的意义。我们不仅在揭开鸟类交流的奥秘，还在为动物福利设定新的标准。)”可知，文章开篇指出鸡是能够交流的，接着说明达尔豪斯大学的研究应用人工智能来解读鸡的语言，介绍了研究的意义，如能让我们更人道和有同情心地对待农场动物，还能为动物福利设定新标准等。所以文章的主要内容是通过人工智能解读鸡的语言，故选D项。 第二节 (共5小题: 每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 One Second Every Day I’ve been in advertising for eight years and used to work a lot of late nights and weekends for numerous projects. ____16____ One day I watched a talk called “The power of time off”. It’s about how every seven years, the speaker takes a year off from work so he can do his own creative projects. ____17____ I decided I had to do that. I need to take time to start my own creative ideas. The first project ends up being something I call “One Second Every Day”. Basically I record one second of every day for the rest of my life, combining these moments into one single continuous video until I can’t record them anymore. ____18____ There’re many things I have no recollection of unless someone brings them up, and I think, “Oh, that’s something I did.” ____19____ On a good day, I’ll have maybe four seconds I want to choose. I’ll just have to narrow them down to one, but even narrow them down to that one allows me to remember the other three anyway. I don’t use any filters (滤镜), just trying to catch the moment as much as possible as it is. I started a rule of the first person view. Early on, I thought I should have a couple of videos where people would see me, but I realized that wasn’t the way to go. ____20____ The project has many possibilities. I encourage you all to record just a small piece of your life every day, so you can never forget that day and treasure every moment. A. It instantly inspired me. B. The purpose is to remember what I’ve done. C I’m always energetic when doing things I love. D. People might have different interpretations of it. E. It’s difficult, sometimes, to pick that one second. F. But I never had time for one I wanted to work on on my own. G. The essence of my project should be recording the thing as I actually see it. 【答案】16. F 17. A 18. B 19. E 20. G 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲的是作者从事广告行业8年了，加班熬夜做了无数项目，但他一直没有时间做自己真正想做的个人项目。有一天他受到一个演讲的启发，开始自己的项目“每天一秒钟”来记录每一天的生活。 【16题详解】 根据上文“I’ve been in advertising for eight years and used to work a lot of late nights and weekends for numerous projects.(我在广告业干了8年，曾经为了很多项目工作到深夜和周末)”和下文的“I need to take time to start my own creative ideas.(我需要时间来开始我自己的创意)”可知，作者在工作中加班熬夜做了无数项目，看到一个演讲后决定开始做属于自己的项目，故空处内容应与没有做过个人想做的项目有关。F项“But I never had time for one I wanted to work on on my own.(但我从来没有时间做一个我想自己做的项目)”与上文构成转折，选项中的one表示“one project”，因此F选项承上启下，符合语境。故选F。 【17题详解】 上文“One day I watched a talk called “The power of time off”. It’s about how every seven years, the speaker takes a year off from work so he can do his own creative projects.(有一天，我看了一个名为“休息时间的力量”的演讲。这是关于每七年，演讲者如何从工作中请假一年，这样他就可以做自己的创意项目)”提到作者看到一个演讲，介绍了演讲者每过七年，就拿出一年时间来做自己的富有创造力的项目，下文“I decided I had to do that. I need to take time to start my own creative ideas.(我决定我必须这么做。我需要时间来开始我自己的创意)”讲到作者决定也要这么做，开始自己的富有创造力的想法，说明这个演讲启发了作者，A项“It instantly inspired me.(它立刻启发了我)”中的It指代前面的那个演讲，说明了那个演讲启发了作者，因此承上启下，符合语境。故选A。 【18题详解】 上文“Basically I record one second of every day for the rest of my life, combining these moments into one single continuous video until I can’t record them anymore.(基本上，在我的余生中，我每天都会录下一秒钟，把这些时刻组合成一个连续的视频，直到我再也录不下来。)”提到作者每天录一秒钟的视频，将这些一秒钟的视频拼接成一段连续的视频，直到他没有能力再录制为止，下文“There’re many things I have no recollection of unless someone brings them up(有很多事我都不记得了，除非有人提起)”讲到有很多作者之前做过的事情，他都想不起来了，故空处内容应仍与作者录制视频有关，且涉及记住过去的事。B项“The purpose is to remember what I’ve done.(目的是帮助我记住做过的事)”说明了这个项目帮助作者记住做过的事情，因此承上启下，符合语境。故选B。 【19题详解】 下文“On a good day, I’ll have maybe four seconds I want to choose. I’ll just have to narrow them down to one, but even narrow them down to that one allows me to remember the other three anyway.(在美好的一天，我大概有四秒钟的时间可以选择。我只需要把它们缩小到一个，但即使缩小到一个也能让我记住其他三个)”讲到在美好的一天里，作者想要多录制三秒钟，他只是把它们压缩到一秒钟，但是即使压缩到了只有一秒钟，也足以让他记住其他三秒钟，说明作者有时只能选择一秒钟，E项“It’s difficult, sometimes, to pick that one second.(有时候只能选择一秒钟很难)”是对下文内容的总结，说明只能选择一秒很难，因此引起下文，符合语境。故选E。 【20题详解】 空前说“I don’t use any filters (滤镜), just trying to catch the moment as much as possible as it is. I started a rule of the first person view. Early on, I thought I should have a couple of videos where people would see me, but I realized that wasn’t the way to go.(我没有使用任何滤镜，只是尽可能地捕捉那一刻。我开始了第一人称视角的规则。早些时候，我想我应该有几个视频，让人们看到我，但我意识到这不是我要走的路)”，说明这不是作者想要的，因此空格处应该说作者真正想要的是什么，G项“The essence of my project should be recording the thing as I actually see it.(我的项目的本质应该是记录我实际看到的东西)”说明了作者的项目的本质，因此承接上文，符合语境。故选G。 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题; 每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 As the music played, we returned to our positions. Our teacher made the dance look so ____21____ as she demonstrated it—every step and gesture flowed naturally with the music and she looked confident. Once she finished the ____22____, she told us, “It’s your time to____23____!” Over the course of four months, we practised for our final performance. Thinking of standing onstage gave me instant ____24____——who would want to be stared at by a crowd? In the beginning, we felt ____25____ and determined even after hours of dancing. We’d even grab drinks together after class and ____26____ our own performance, finding the good and bad. However, after a couple of weeks, our ____27____ weren’t the same as before—what were once elegant and dynamic now lacked liveliness. Some of the classmates ____28____. Thinking it over, I decided to still use the course as a ____29____ of improving——I’d never danced and had much to learn. It was ____30____ for me to dance as well as the teacher, so my ____31____ seemed simple: practising and losing myself in the dance. On the performance day, I ____32____ the way my teacher attracted me that first day. Holding on to that flashback, I entered the stage. I couldn’t see the audience through the ____33____ lights, feeling less afraid. With the performance unfolding, I had no other ____34____, absorbed in the beat and dancing. I succeeded. And I knew at that moment, I’d ____35____ others, too. 21. A. familiar B. easy C. fresh D. special 22. A. lesson B. challenge C. trial D. presentation 23. A. shine B. comment C. compete D. ask 24. A. expectation B. fright C. imagination D. curiosity 25. A. respected B. understood C. energized D. valued 26. A. overstate B. compare C. ignore D. evaluate 27. A. potentials B. passions C. movements D. moods 28. A. quit B. hurt C. noticed D. improved 29. A. symbol B. chance C. honor D. interpretation 30. A. one-sided B. time-consuming C. unusual D. impractical 31. A. change B. goal C. excuse D. action 32. A. recalled B. copied C. appreciated D. adjusted 33. A. soft B. natural C. blinding D. varied 34. A. tasks B. partners C. choices D. thoughts 35. A. approved of B. called on C. appealed to D. stood for 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. B 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述“我们”学舞时遇困难，部分人退出，“我”坚持练习，表演时沉浸其中获成功，也吸引了观众。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们的老师在示范舞蹈时，让它看起来非常容易 —— 每一个舞步和手势都与音乐自然流动，她看起来很自信。A. familiar熟悉的；B. easy容易的；C. fresh新鲜的；D. special特别的。根据下文“every step and gesture flowed naturally”可知，老师的示范让舞蹈看起来很容易。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她完成示范后，对我们说：“该你们闪耀了！”A. lesson课程；B. challenge挑战；C. trial尝试；D. presentation示范。根据上文“she demonstrated it”可知，这里指老师完成示范，原词复现。故选D项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她完成示范后，对我们说：“该你们闪耀了！”A. shine闪耀；B. comment评论；C. compete竞争；D. ask询问。根据上文“it’s your time”及表演语境可知，老师鼓励学生闪耀（即展现自己）。故选A项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一想到站在舞台上，我立刻感到恐惧 —— 谁会想被一群人盯着看呢？A. expectation期待；B. fright恐惧；C. imagination想象；D. curiosity好奇。根据下文“who would want to be stared at by a crowd”可知，被一群人看着让作者感到恐惧。故选B项。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一开始，即使跳了几个小时的舞，我们仍然感到精力充沛和坚定。A. respected受尊敬的；B. understood被理解的；C. energized精力充沛的；D. valued有价值的。根据下文“determined”以及语境可知，此处应填积极词汇，energized与determined并列，形容初始状态精力充沛和坚定，符合句意。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们甚至下课后一起去喝东西，评估我们自己的表演，找出优点和缺点。A. overstate夸大；B. compare比较；C. ignore忽视；D. evaluate评估。根据下文“finding the good and bad”可知，这里指在评估自己的表演。故选D项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，几周后，我们的动作不再和以前一样 —— 曾经优雅而充满活力的动作现在缺乏生气。A. potentials潜力；B. passions热情；C. movements动作；D. moods情绪。根据下文“elegant and dynamic”可知，这里描述的是舞蹈动作。故选C项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一些同学退出了。A. quit退出；B. hurt受伤；C. noticed注意；D. improved改进。根据上文“lacked liveliness”及后文“Thinking it over, I decided to still use the course ”作者决定继续学习可知，这里指部分同学退出了。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过思考，我决定仍然把这门课程当作一个提升的机会 —— 我从未跳过舞，有很多东西要学。A. symbol象征；B. chance机会；C. honor荣誉；D. interpretation解释。根据下文“of improving”以及“ I’d never danced and had much to learn”可知，作者认为自己从未跳过舞，有许多东西需要学习，因此决定把这门课程当作一个提升的机会。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，跳得和老师一样好是不现实的，所以我的目标似乎很简单：练习并沉浸在舞蹈中。A. one-sided片面的；B. time-consuming耗时的；C. unusual不寻常的；D. impractical不现实的。根据上文“had never danced”以及下文“...seemed simple: practising and losing myself in the dance.”可知，作者认为自己以前没有练习舞蹈，所以要达到老师的水平不现实。故选D项。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，跳得和老师一样好是不现实的，所以我的目标似乎很简单：练习并沉浸在舞蹈中。A. change改变；B. goal目标；C. excuse借口；D. action行动。根据下文“practising and losing myself in the dance”可知，作者的“目标”似乎是简单的。故选B项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：演出当天，我回忆起老师第一天吸引我的样子。A. recalled回忆；B. copied复制；C. appreciated欣赏；D. adjusted调整。根据下文“Holding on to that flashback”可知，这里指作者回忆起老师的示范的样子。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：透过耀眼的灯光，我看不见观众，感觉不那么害怕了。A. soft柔和的；B. natural自然的；C. blinding耀眼的；D. varied多样的。根据上文 “couldn’t see the audience”可知，灯光耀眼导致视线受阻，所以看不到观众。故选C项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着表演的展开，我没有了其他想法，全神贯注于节奏和舞蹈。A. task 任务；B. partners搭档；C. choices选择；D. thoughts想法。根据下文“ absorbed in the beat and dancing”可知，作者专注于舞蹈，没有其他想法。故选D项。 【35题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在那一刻，我知道我也吸引了别人。A. approved of赞成；B. called on呼吁；C. appealed to吸引；D. stood for代表。根据上文“I succeeded”及表演的感染力可知，这里指作者吸引了观众。故选C项。 第二节 语法填空 (共10小题；每小题1.5分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 With support from central government, canteens offering the elderly discounted meals and delivery services are being established. As the dietary needs of the seniors ____36____ (evolve), so has the canteen’s technology. ____37____ instant one senior enters, a message flashes across a screen — “Mr. Chen, seafood and soy products aren’t suitable for you today.” Personalized reminders appear on the screen, offering meal suggestions based on their health data. Seniors who require special care have their vital signs monitored and data ____38____ (feed) into the canteen’s system, ____39____ then generates customized menus. If someone is allergic ____40____ seafood, the system detects it and generates a customized menu advising them what to avoid. To protect privacy and ensure security, facial ____41____ (recognize) and health data usage are governed by a privacy agreement. Both elderly residents and their children sign this agreement, ensuring the data is ____42____ (strict) used for non-commercial purposes. The intiative not only improves the quality of life for the elderly, but also supports younger family members who can’t care for ____43____ (they) parents full-time. Chen Peng’s parents, both of them ____44____ (approach) 80, enjoy three discounted meals a day from Monday to Friday. “Elderly like my parents enjoy hot, ____45____ (afford) meals and companionship to alleviate loneliness,” he said. 【答案】36 have evolved 37. The 38. fed 39. which 40. to 41. recognition 42. strictly 43. their 44. approaching 45. affordable 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了在中央政府的支持下，为老年人提供折扣餐和配送服务的食堂正在建立，以及这些食堂如何利用技术满足老年人的饮食和健康需求。 【36题详解】 考查时态。句意：随着老年人饮食需求的变化，食堂的技术也在变化。空处为从句的谓语动词，此处表示从过去到现在饮食需求的变化，对现在造成的影响是食堂技术也变化了，所以用现在完成时，从句主语“the dietary needs of the seniors”为复数，助动词用have。故填have evolved。 【37题详解】 考查冠词、固定短语。句意：一位老人一进入食堂，屏幕上就会闪过一条信息——“陈先生，今天海鲜和豆制品不适合您。”“the instant”是固定短语，意为“一…… 就……”，引导时间状语从句，句首单词首字母需大写，故填The。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：需要特殊照顾的老年人的生命体征会受到监测，数据会输入食堂的系统，然后系统会生成定制菜单。空处在句子中作宾补，使用非谓语动词，因与其逻辑主语data之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词形式。故填fed。 【39题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：同上。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the canteen’s system，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 【40题详解】 考查介词。句意：如果有人对海鲜过敏，系统会检测到并生成定制菜单，建议他们避免食用什么。be allergic to为固定短语，表示“对……过敏”，所以空处应用介词to。故填to。 【41题详解】 考查名词。句意：为了保护隐私和确保安全，面部识别和健康数据的使用受隐私协议的约束。空处和health data usage并列作主语，应用名词形式，recognition“识别”，不可数名词。故填recognition。 【42题详解】 考查副词。句意：老年居民及其子女都签署了这份协议，确保数据严格用于非商业目的。空处修饰动词used，应用副词形式，作状语。故填strictly。 【43题详解】 考查代词。句意：这项举措不仅提高了老年人的生活质量，还支持了那些不能全职照顾父母的年轻家庭成员。空处修饰名词parents，应用形容词性物主代词their作定语，表示“他们的”。故填their。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：陈鹏的父母都接近80岁了，从周一到周五每天享受三顿折扣餐。空处在句子中不作谓语，使用非谓语动词，和逻辑主语both of them之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词形式构成独立主格结构，故填approaching。 【45题详解】 考查形容词。句意：“像我父母这样的老年人喜欢热腾腾、价格实惠的饭菜和陪伴，以缓解孤独感，”他说。空处和hot并列修饰名词meals作定语，应用形容词形式，affordable“买得起的，价格实惠的”，符合语境。故填affordable。 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你的外教Mike拍摄的“Approaching My Chinese Students’”系列短视频深受外国学生欢迎，现针对新一期的拍摄咨询你的意见，请你给他写一封电子邮件。内容包括： 1.推荐拍摄内容； 2.陈述理由； 3.表达祝愿。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Mike, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours Li Hua 【答案】Dear Mike, I am very glad to hear that you are going to introduce high school students’ campus life with short videos. I’d like you to recommend something to shoot. First of all, I recommend the video of students’ morning exercise to you. I think students’ morning exercise is very important, which affects their mental outlook of the day. Besides, there are videos of students in class. This is also the most critical period for students, which can show their learning status. Finally, I wish your program a success. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外教Mike写一封电子邮件，就外教拍摄的新一期“Approaching My Chinese Students’”系列短视频给予拍摄意见。 【详解】1.词汇积累 首先：first of all→to begin with 影响：affect→influence 高兴的：glad→delighted 重要的：important→essential 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：I think students’ morning exercise is very important, which affects their mental outlook of the day. 拓展句：I think students’ morning exercise is very important because it affects their mental outlook of the day. 点睛】[高分句型1] I am very glad to hear that you are going to introduce high school students’ campus life with short videos. (运用了that引导宾语从句) [高分句型2] I think students’ morning exercise is very important, which affects their mental outlook of the day. (运用了省略连接词that的宾语从句和which引导非限制性定语从句) 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 That night, I quarreled with my mother, then stormed out of the house. While on the road, I remembered that I did not have any money in my pocket, I did not even take my cell phone with me to make a call home. At the same time, I went through a noodle shop, and I suddenly felt very hungry. I wished for a bowl of noodles, but I had no money! The seller saw me standing before the counter and asked, “Hey little girl, you want to eat a bowl?” “But … but I do not carry money …” I shyly replied. “Okay, I’ll treat you.” the seller said, “come in, I will cook you a bowl.” A few minutes later the owner brought me a steaming bowl of noodles. After eating some pieces, I cried. “What is it?” He asked. “Nothing. I am just touched by your kindness!” I said as I wiped my tears. “Even a stranger on the street gives me a bowl of noodles, and my mother, after a quarrel, chased me out of the house. She is cruel (残忍的)!!” The seller sighed, “Girl, why did you think so? Think again. I only gave you a bowl of noodles and you felt that way. Your mother has been taking care of you since you were little, why were you not grateful and why did you hurt your mom?” I was really surprised after hearing that. Why did I not think of that? A bowl of noodles from a stranger made me feel grateful, and my mother has raised me since I was little and I have never felt so, not even a little. 注意：1. 续写词数应为 150 左右； 2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Just at that moment, many memories came back into my mind. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ When arriving home, I saw my mother sitting at the dinner table, worried and tired. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Just at that moment, many memories came back into my mind. When I was ill she was always the one taking care of me. When I had trouble with my study, she never lost faith in me and encouraged me to keep going. When I arrived home during the weekend, she always prepared my favourite food. All her kindness came back to me. I should be grateful for all she had done for me. I realized that I should return home immediately and say sorry to my mother. When arriving home, I saw my mother sitting at the dinner table, worried and tired. She must have been looking for me everywhere. I was ready for her anger and shouts. However, before I could apologize, my mother saw me and gently said: “Oh, honey, thank God, you’re back! Come inside.You are probably very hungry? I cooked your favorite noodles, come and eat while they are still hot…” No longer able to control myself, I cried in her arms. “I’m sorry, mom, please forgive me.” I whispered to her through tears, extremely ashamed of myself. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者因为和妈妈吵架跑了出去。之后她饿了，但是没带钱，幸运的是好心的店主给了她一碗面条，她因为感动而落泪。而店主知道后对她说，“你妈妈从小就照顾你，你为什么不感恩，为什么要伤害你妈妈？”店主的话让作者开始反思自己的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“就在那一刻，许多回忆涌上我的脑海。”可知，第一段可描写作者的回忆，回忆妈妈是如何照顾作者，支持作者的。 ②由第二段首句内容“到家时，我看见妈妈坐在餐桌旁，又担心又累。”可知，第二段可描写作者回到家之后妈妈的反应，妈妈没有责怪她，反而在关心作者，作者也因为愧疚向妈妈道歉，希望能得到妈妈的原谅。 2.续写线索：开始回忆——回忆妈妈如何照顾自己——意识到错了，应立刻回家——回家后妈妈的反应——向妈妈道歉，希望得到原谅 3.词汇激活（一个词汇要写出相近的表达） 行为类 ①照顾：take care of/look after/tend ②到家：arrive home/get home ③大叫：shout/yell 情绪类 ①感谢：be grateful/showing one’s appreciation/show one’s gratitude ②生气：anger/angry 【点睛】[高分句型1] I should be grateful for all she had done for me.(省略that引导的定语从句) [高分句型2] I realized that I should return home immediately and say sorry to my mother. (运用了that引导的宾语从句) [高分句型3] I whispered to her through tears, extremely ashamed of myself. (运用了形容词作状语) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$