选择性必修第一册 UNIT 4 习题讲评(一)—(二)（练习）-【创新方案】2026年高考英语一轮复习（人教版）

习题讲评(一)　2篇阅读理解＋1篇语法填空 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2025·河南省名校联盟高考押题卷) Emotions come in many ways: facial expressions, gestures, tone of voice and so on.Susan Goldin-Meadow sums up how people use gestures with speech in her new book, Thinking With Your Hands.It is a masterly tour through a lifetime's research. Virtually everyone gestures.Like words, gestures are fixed within cultures and accompany speech as a second channel of information.Subjects watch a film in which a cat runs but they are told to lie and say it jumps.They do so in words, while their hands make a running motion. Gesture isn't sign language.Sign languages have clearly defined words and grammar, and differ geographically just as spoken ones do.Professor Goldin-Meadow spends a lot of time on home sign-systems of signs typically developed by deaf children in hearing families who aren't exposed to a conventional sign language.Such children are essentially inventing rough but rich languages out of nothing, with features such as fixed word order and grammatical structures much like those in fully qualified languages. Returning to conventional gesture, the author keeps her focus on child development.Some students who fail at a tricky mathematics problem may gesture to indicate they begin to understand it; they should be taught differently from the ones whose gestures suggest that they are entirely at sea.Children who still use only one word at a time may combine a word and a gesture; this successfully predicts that two-word phrases are just around the corner.And those taught to move their hands about when discussing a moral question from several angles soon start to see the problem from different points of view. The final section of the book offers practical advice.Teachers are encouraged to use gestures and to observe those their students make.Parents are taught to fill in the word a child misses when they gesture rather than adding information.Those who gesture less are more likely to need early intervention.Doctors can be trained to look out for gestures meaning that patients are thinking something they aren't ready to say. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Susan Goldin-Meadow在她的新书《用手思考》中所总结的人们如何在说话中使用手势及相关建议。 1．What does the text show in paragraph 2? A．Every country has its own gestures. B．A lie detection is used in many areas. C．Cats are well skilled at using gestures. D．Gestures can reflect human real thoughts. 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第二段“Subjects watch a film in which a cat runs but they are told to lie and say it jumps.They do so in words, while their hands make a running motion.”可知，实验对象虽然嘴上说猫在跳，但他们的手势反映了他们真实的想法，猫实际上是在跑。由此可知，手势能够反映人们的真实想法。故选D。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 2．How do the deaf children communicate with their family members according to paragraph 3? A．By home sign. B．By sign language. C．By spoken words. D．By written means. 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第三段“Professor Goldin-Meadow spends ...conventional sign language.”可知，失聪儿童是通过家庭手势语与家人进行交流沟通的。故选A。 3．Why should a teacher observe the kids' gestures in class? A．To predict the final outcome. B．To prevent kids from failure. C．To conduct the targeted teaching. D．To see the problems from all sides. 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第四段“Some students who fail at ...are entirely at sea.”可推知，教师可以通过观察学生的手势来了解他们对问题的理解程度，从而有的放矢，进行有针对性的教学。故选C。 4．Where is the text most probably taken from? A．A guidebook to a language. B．An introduction to a book. C．An essay on the art of gesture. D．A review of sign language. 解析：选B　文章出处题。根据第一段“Susan Goldin-Meadow sums up how people use gestures with speech in her new book, Thinking With Your Hands.”、第四段“Returning to conventional gesture, the author keeps her focus on child development.”和最后一段“The final section of the book offers practical advice.”可知，本文主要是介绍了Susan Goldin-Meadow的新书《用手思考》中所总结的人们如何在说话中使用手势及相关建议。由此推知，本文很可能摘自一本书的导言。故选B。 B (2025·保定一模)Politicians, business bosses, and other types of leaders indeed tend to like speaking with their hands, but does the habit influence how others interpret those words? To get to the bottom of it, a team of researchers from the Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics conducted a series of experiments on volunteers who viewed videos of people speaking with and without hand movements. After showing the volunteers videos of people speaking under different conditions, the researchers asked them questions about what they had heard.Some conditions involved the speaker stressing different parts of words in a sentence.Other conditions involved the speaker making various types of hand gestures, such as pointing and sweeping movements.The team recorded the volunteers as they viewed the video recordings, questioning the volunteers afterward about what they had seen and heard. Researchers found that the volunteers were more affected by syllables (音节) spoken with the conjunction of hand gestures: In 20 percent of the cases, the viewers were more likely to have heard and interpreted the word spoken with a hand gesture.Interestingly, however, volunteers were 40 percent more likely to hear the wrong sound when a mismatch between the word spoken and the hand gesture occurred. Body language expert Carol Goman said, “Studies have found that speaking with your hands really can change the view of your character.People who communicate through active gesturing tend to be considered warm, agreeable, and energetic, while those who remain still are seen as logical, cold, and analytic.In fact, a 2015 study that studied TED Talks, which posts international talks online, found that the most popular speakers used nearly twice as many gestures as the least popular speakers used.” The research team said that their findings suggest that hand gestures are an important part of in-person communication that have a direct impact on what the listener hears.Furthermore，they suggest that our responses to hand gestures may be something we learn as we grow up. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究人员通过实验发现，在谈话中使用手势会对听众产生很大影响。 5．What's the researchers' purpose of doing the experiments? A．To examine the volunteers' interpreting skills. B．Test the effect hand gestures have on speaking. C．To record the volunteers' questions for the speaker. D．To confirm the influence hand movements have on leaders. 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第一段“To get to the bottom ...without hand movements.”可知，研究人员做实验的目的是测试手势对说话的影响。故选B。 6．What did the researchers find in the experiments? A．Hand movements affected what the listener heard. B．The speaker stressed different parts of words in a sentence. C．People speaking with different hand gestures had different effects. D．The most popular speakers used more gestures than the least popular speakers did. 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第三段中“Interestingly, however, volunteers were 40 percent more likely to hear the wrong sound when a mismatch between the word spoken and the hand gesture occurred.”提到的当说的话和手势不匹配时，志愿者听到错误声音的可能性要高出40%可知，研究人员在实验中发现手的动作会影响听者听到的内容。故选A。 7．What does the underlined word “conjunction” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Assistance. B．Combination. C．Disturbance. D．Interpretation. 解析：选B　词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“In 20 percent of the cases, the viewers were more likely to have heard and interpreted the word spoken with a hand gesture.”可推知，此处是指志愿者更容易受到与手势相结合的音节的影响，所以conjunction意为“结合”。故选B。 8．What may the researchers agree with? A．Gestures can influence others' view on one's personality. B．Understanding gestures is a must in every language. C．In-person communication helps interpret gestures. D．Responses to gestures are learning behavior. 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Furthermore, they suggest that our responses to hand gestures may be something we learn as we grow up.”可推知，研究人员可能认同“对手势的反应是一种学习行为”的观点。故选D。 Ⅱ.语法填空 Your body language will give out a lot more information.__1__ (base) on your body language it can be seen whether you are self-confident.It can also show if you are a busy or a quiet type and it helps give __2__ impression of whether you are speaking __3__ (truthful) or not.Body language can show how enthusiastic you are and if you are a nice person, who __4__ (take) the work seriously, or who has a sense of burnout, and can enjoy a joke from time __5__ time.The members of the application committee will ask you some questions, __6__ your answers won't only be oral.The committee will not only pay attention to __7__ you say, but also to how you say it！Body language will determine first if it “clicks”， and sometimes all it takes is just a few __8__ (second)．Everybody __9__ (use) body language, but it takes place mostly at a subconscious (下意识的) level.Using body language appropriately, you can certainly increase your chances of __10__ (get) a job. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。肢体语言可以反映一个人的个性，也可以帮助人们增加获得工作的机会。 1．Based　考查非谓语动词。 “it can be seen whether you are self-confident”为句子的主干，设空处应用非谓语动词形式。be based on意为“以……为基础”。 2．an　考查冠词。设空处修饰单数可数名词impression，且impression的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。 3．truthfully　考查副词。修饰are speaking应用副词形式，故填truthfully。 4．takes　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。设空处在定语从句中作谓语，who代指先行词a nice person，所以用第三人称单数形式；时态应与后面的并列从句时态一致，故用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。 5．to　考查介词。from time to time“有时，不时”。 6．but　考查连词。句意：你提交申请的委员会的成员们会问你一些问题，但是你的回答不只是口头的。根据句意可知，设空处前后的内容之间表示转折关系，故填but。 7．what　考查名词性从句。to为介词，to后的从句作宾语，所以空处引导宾语从句，且设空处在从句中作宾语，表示“……的事情”，故填what。 8．seconds　考查名词复数。a few修饰可数名词的复数形式，故填seconds。 9．uses　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据后文的时态可知，用一般现在时；Everybody作主语，谓语动词要用单数形式，故填uses。 10．getting　考查非谓语动词。介词of后要跟动名词形式，故填getting。 习题讲评(二)　1篇阅读七选五＋1篇完形填空＋1篇应用文写作 Ⅰ.阅读七选五 What Does Our Body Language Reveal __1__ People tend to judge us far more on our physical appearance, including our mannerisms, than by what comes out of our mouths.To give the right impression, it's important to understand what we are conveying non-verbally and how our unconscious signals are being received by the people we interact with. Smiling is a powerful tool in your body language collection.Perhaps you smile a lot in the hope of appearing friendly. __2__ In some Asian cultures, smiling too much is seen as a signal that you're not a serious person and may lose you some respect. If you're trying to hide nervousness, you'd better avoid smiling too much, too.Also be aware that nervous people often hug themselves, rub their forehead, and shift their body weight from one foot to another to create a slight rocking motion. __3__ If you're trying to show that you are listening sympathetically to what someone has to say, try tipping your head slightly and nodding very slightly.This gesture implies you are listening with interest.If you're talking to someone and a third person joins, turn your body towards them slightly to include them and make them feel valued. __4__ A single nod of the head is also a strong gesture of coolness when listening to another person. To build trust quickly? Try mirroring.Adopting a similar stance (站姿) to the person you are engaged with indicates your interest and helps develop trust.Use this with caution, though. __5__ Mirroring only works when they don't realize what you're doing. A．Don't obviously copy your companion. B．Our body language speaks volumes about us. C．Control these habits to appear more composed. D．Our body language barely overshadows our verbal communication. E．Just be aware that it might make you seem less professional at work. F．We tend to position our body and feet toward the person of interest to us. G．By contrast, a failure to angle your body towards them implies “Unwelcome”． 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一些常见的肢体语言所代表的含义。 1．选B　后文“People tend to judge us far more on our physical appearance, including our mannerisms ...conveying non-verbally and how our unconscious signals are being received by the people we interact with.”提到人们会通过举止来判断我们，说明肢体语言能反应我们自身。故B选项“我们的肢体语言清楚地传达出我们的信息”符合语境。 2．选E　下文“In some Asian cultures, smiling too much is seen as a signal that you're not a serious person and may lose you some respect.”主要说明了经常微笑的负面影响。故E选项“只是要知道，这可能会让你在工作中显得不那么专业”承接下文，符合语境。 3．选C　上文“If you're trying ...slight rocking motion.”主要列举了一些表现出紧张的举动，设空处为本段最后一句，应与建议控制这些习惯有关。故C选项“控制这些习惯，让自己显得更沉稳”符合语境。 4．选G　上文“If you're talking to someone and a third person joins, turn your body towards them slightly to include them and make them feel valued.”提到身体朝向某人会让对方感到被重视，可知，设空处意在说明相反的情况。故G选项“相比之下，如果你的身体不能朝向他们，就意味着‘不受欢迎’”符合语境。 5．选A　后文“Mirroring only works when they don't realize what you're doing.”提到了有效的模仿，推测本句是在对模仿他人提出建议，A选项中copy对应后文Mirroring。故A选项“不要明显地模仿你的同伴”符合语境。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (2025·乌鲁木齐一模) Peter walked home from school.Salty tears ran down his cheeks.He didn't know what to do.Grandma saw him and asked why.Peter replied, “I have to give a(n) __6__ about a family tradition.I know we have lots of beliefs and customs.Can you __7__ me of one？” Grandma smiled and nodded her head.She went to a closet and __8__ to reach the top shelf.Pulling out a small box and __9__ the dust, she handed it to Peter.Peter opened the box.He __10__ a wooden hoop with string woven and twisted around.It was in the shape of a circle, like a spider web.Peter wiped away his __11__ and smiled. “This is a dream catcher，” said Grandma.“Our people have made these for many years. __12__are symbols of unity and strength.Hang it over your bed and it will __13__ your bad dreams in the web, and your good dreams will fall through the center.Maybe it will give you __14__ to do your presentation.” “Can I take this one to school？” asked Peter.“No，” said Grandma.“This dream catcher is __15__.It means a lot to me.” Peter felt __16__ because he wanted to share it with his class.“We could make you one，” said Grandma.They worked together and __17__ a dream catcher.The next morning he told Grandma his plan — to show his class how to make one.“Great! Let's __18__ after your presentation.We will have a __19__ party，” said Grandma. Peter did as he had planned.Peter didn't feel __20__ or scared at all.He felt proud of his culture and took pride in himself, too. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Peter学校要求他们做一个关于家庭传统的演讲，在祖母的帮助下，Peter制作了一个捕梦网，这是他们的传统，并将如何制作捕梦网作为自己的演讲内容。 6．A.presentation B．gift C．example D．instruction 解析：选A　由下文“to do your presentation”可知，是作关于家庭传统的一个演讲(presentation)，presentation是同词复现，故选A。 7．A.warn B．remind C．accuse D．persuade 解析：选B　由上文“I know we have lots of beliefs and customs.”可知，彼得的奶奶知道很多信仰和习俗，所以彼得让奶奶提醒(remind)他，故选B。 8．A.bent B．crawled C．stretched D．leaned 解析：选C　由下文“to reach the top shelf”可知，应该是伸长(stretched)手去够架子的最上面，故选C。 9．A.sorting out B．taking out C．burning away D．blowing away 解析：选D　由下文“the dust”可知，应该是吹走(blowing away)盒子上的灰尘，故选D。 10．A.spotted B．marked C．decorated D．matched 解析：选A　由上文“Peter opened the box.”和下文“a wooden hoop with string woven and twisted around”可知，彼得打开盒子应该是注意到(spotted)这个木环，故选A。 11．A.worry B．tears C．dust D．sweat 解析：选B　由上文“Salty tears ran down his cheeks.”可知，彼得哭着回到家，因此当他看到这一传统物件——捕梦网后，应该是高兴，所以擦干眼泪(tears)笑了起来，故选B。 12．A.Spiders B．Strings C．Twists D．Circles 解析：选D　由上文“It was in the shape of a circle, like a spider web.”可知，捕梦网是圆圈的形状，因为圆圈(Circles)是团结和力量的象征，故选D。 13．A.copy B．catch C．chase D．abandon 解析：选B　由下文“your bad dreams in the web, and your good dreams will fall through the center”可知，捕梦网会将噩梦捕捉(catch)到网上，故选B。 14．A.convenience B．comfort C．courage D．patience 解析：选C　由下文“to do your presentation”可知，捕梦网会给彼得作演讲的勇气(courage)，故选C。 15．A.precious B．expensive C．genuine D．popular 解析：选A　由下文“It means a lot to me.”可知，捕梦网对奶奶来说很重要，所以说它很宝贵(precious)，故选A。 16．A.confused B．anxious C．disappointed D．embarrassed 解析：选C　由上文“‘Can I take this one to school？’ asked Peter.‘No，’ said Grandma.”可知，彼得想把捕梦网带到学校，但是奶奶拒绝了，所以彼得是失望的(disappointed)，故选C。 17．A.made B．kept C．folded D．transformed 解析：选A　由下文“to show his class how to make one”可知，彼得和奶奶一起制作(made)了一个捕梦网，故选A。 18．A.pray B．celebrate C．promise D．leave 解析：选B　由下文“We will have a ________ party”可知，在演讲结束后会举办一个聚会庆祝(celebrate)一下，故选B。 19．A.fashionable B．temporary C．mysterious D．traditional 解析：选D　由上文“‘This is a dream catcher，’said Grandma.‘Our people have made these for many years ...’”可知，制作捕梦网是他们的传统，如何制作捕梦网是彼得演讲的内容，由此可知，演讲结束后，奶奶会举办一个传统的(traditional)聚会，展示他们的文化，此处traditional更符合语境，故选D。 20．A.bored B．surprised C．nervous D．hesitant 解析：选C　由下文“scared at all”可知，彼得在演讲时一点也不紧张(nervous)害怕，故选C。 Ⅲ.应用文写作 假定你是李华，你校将为外国学生举办一场中国文化夏令营活动。请给你的英国朋友Tom发一封邮件，邀请他来参加这次活动，内容包括： 1．时间和地点； 2．夏令营内容(餐桌礼仪、肢体语言文化、参观博物馆等)； 3．报名方式和截止日期。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 参考词汇：中国文化夏令营Summer Camp of Chinese Culture Dear Tom， Here comes a piece of good news.　 ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ Looking forward to your early reply. Yours, Li Hua 参考范文： Dear Tom， Here comes a piece of good news.Summer Camp of Chinese Culture, which is intended for international students, is going to be held in my school this summer vacation. Since you go in for Chinese culture, I'd like to invite you to join it. The Camp is scheduled from August 18 to August 28. It covers a wide variety of cultural activities, ranging from studying Chinese table manners to attending some lectures on the culture of Chinese body language.In addition, the Camp provides a chance for you to visit some famous museums. If you want to be part of it, please sign up for it before June 2 on the website of my school. Looking forward to your early reply. Yours, Li Hua 11 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$