选择性必修第一册 UNIT 2 习题讲评(一)—(二)（练习）-【创新方案】2026年高考英语一轮复习（人教版）

习题讲评(一)　2篇阅读理解＋1篇语法填空 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2025·河北模拟)There're plenty of fresh fruits and vegetables available in local markets.But while those red juicy strawberries look fresh, consumers have no way of knowing how long the fruit can be stored at home.The same goes for distribution centers and supermarkets. Now, the food technology startup OneThird, located in the Netherlands, is looking to change that with an infrared (红外线) scanner that can accurately predict how long fresh fruits and vegetables will last.The startup is named OneThird because one-third of food is wasted due to spoilage (变质) every year. The startup's founders were inspired by a UK company that uses this type of technology in the medical field and decided to see if it was applicable for food.“I looked at the challenges in the food-supply chain and found out that 40 percent of food waste is fresh produce.One of the biggest causes of waste is that nobody knows shelf life.” founder and CEO of OneThird, Marco Snikkers said. Quality inspections at farms and distribution centers are done manually(手动地)．An inspector checks the fruits and vegetables and makes notes about the size and quality.Then the food is sent to consumers without considering travel time or how long the produce will remain usable. Using the infrared scanner at the distribution center means that inspectors can use the information to approve shipments that will ensure the produce can be distributed on a timely basis.This means that a shipment of ripe tomatoes will not be sent long distances away. OneThird's scanner combines the technology of optical scanners, image modeling, and Artificial Intelligence to provide accurate shelf-life predictions. The startup found that the technology can reduce up to 25 percent produce waste that was caused by spoilage.“Global food waste has an enormous environmental impact; reducing global food waste cuts global greenhouse gas emissions and promotes global food security，” said Jacob Smith, a climate expert from the University of Maine. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了食品科技初创公司OneThird 通过红外扫描仪准确预测新鲜水果和蔬菜的保质期。　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 1．What problem does OneThird aim to solve? A．The high cost of storing fresh fruits and vegetables. B．Inefficient quality inspections at distribution centers. C．Food waste caused by uncertainty about its shelf life. D．Consumers' difficulty judging the freshness of produce. 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第二段“Now，the food technology ...spoilage (变质) every year.”可知，OneThird 旨在解决由于不确定食物的保质期而造成的食物浪费。故选 C。 2．What inspired OneThird to come up with the idea of using infrared scanner? A．The use of the device in another field. B．Observation of the food-supply chain. C．Consumer demands for fresher produce. D．Experts' advice on food waste reduction. 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第三段“The startup's founders ...applicable for food.”可知，设备在其他领域的使用激发了OneThird使用红外扫描仪的想法。故选A。 3．What can we learn about the manual quality inspections? A．They are time-consuming and costly. B．They are not performed at a regular time. C．The inspectors tend to make wrong judgement. D．The shipping time is not taken into consideration. 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第四段“Then the food is sent to consumers without considering travel time or how long the produce will remain usable.”可知，人工质量检验中，运输时间没有考虑在内。故选D。 4．What's Jacob's attitude to OneThird's effort? A．Approving. B．Doubtful. C．Tolerant. D．Dismissive. 解析：选A　观点态度题。根据最后一段Jacob所说的话“Global food waste has an enormous environmental impact; reducing global food waste cuts global greenhouse gas emissions and promotes global food security”可知，Jacob对OneThird的努力持支持态度。故选A。 B (2025·枣庄模拟)Even if you haven't held a conversation with Siri or Alexa, you've likely encountered a chatbot online.They often appear in a chat window that pops up with a friendly greeting: Thank you for visiting our site.How can I help you today? Depending on the site, the chatbot is programmed to respond accordingly and even ask follow-up questions. Chatbots are a form of conversational AI designed to simplify human interaction with computers.They are programmed to simulate human conversation and exhibit intelligent behavior that is equivalent to that of a human. Chatbots communicate through speech or text.Both rely on artificial intelligence technologies like machine learning and natural language processing (NLP), which is a branch of artificial intelligence that teaches machines to read, analyze and interpret human language.This technology gives chatbots a baseline for understanding language structure and meaning.NLP, in essence, allows the computer to understand what you are asking and how to appropriately respond. With developments in deep learning and reinforcement learning, chatbots can interpret more complexities in language and improve the dynamic nature of conversation between human and machine.Essentially, a chatbot tries to match what you've asked to an intent that it understands.The more a chatbot communicates with you, the more it understands and the more it learns to communicate like you and others with similar questions.Your positive responses reinforce its answers, and then it uses those answers again. From customer service chatbots online to personal assistants in our homes, chatbots have started to enter our lives.In almost every industry, companies are using chatbots to help customers easily navigate their websites, answer simple questions and direct people to the relevant points of contact.Personal assistants like Siri and Alexa are designed to respond to a wide range of scenarios and queries, from current weather and news updates to personal calendars, music selections and random questions. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了聊天机器人的工作原理和应用。 5．Why does the author mention Siri and Alexa in paragraph 1? A．To explain how a chatbot works. B．To show where to find a chatbot. C．To give examples of chatbots. D．To compare different chatbots. 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第一段“Even if you haven't held ...visiting our site.”可知，作者在第一段提到Siri和Alexa是为了给出聊天机器人的例子。故选C。 6．What is the basis of chatbots? A．Language study. B．Data transmission. C．Social interaction. D．Natural language processing. 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第三段“Both rely on artificial intelligence technologies like machine learning and natural language processing (NLP)”可知，聊天机器人的基础是自然语言处理。故选D。 7．What does the underlined word “reinforce” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Inspire. B．Strengthen. C．Organize. D．Match. 解析：选B　词义猜测题。根据上文“The more a chatbot communicates ...similar questions.” 以及下文“then it uses those answers again”可知，画线词reinforce与Strengthen“巩固，强化”意思一致。故选B。 8．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．The future trend of chatbots. B．The author's predictions. C．The effects of chatbots. D．The applications of chatbots. 解析：选D　段落大意题。根据最后一段“From customer service ...random questions.”可知，最后一段主要是关于聊天机器人的应用。故选D。 Ⅱ.语法填空 (2025·南京模拟预测)China plans to start building a lunar base in about four years, __1__ (kick) off with bricks made of moon soil, according to scientists related to the project, the local news agency reported.Ding Lieyun, __2__ leading scientist at Huazhong University of Science and Technology, told local media that the first brick __3__(make) from moon soil during the Chang'e 8 mission around 2028. China has previously said its lunar base will likely be powered by nuclear energy, and will include a lander, hopper, orbiter and rover, all of __4__ would be constructed by the Chang'e 6, 7 and 8 missions.It wasn't immediately clear in the interview __5__ the entire base will be built with lunar soil. “Eventually, building habitation __6__ the Earth is essential not only for all humanity's quest for space exploration, but also for China's __7__ (strategy) needs as a space power，” Ding said in a separate interview. The moon is believed __8__ (contain) a source of waste -free nuclear energy that could meet global energy demands for 250 years, meaning potentially hundreds of billions of dollars' worth of resources. Yu Dengyun, from the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation, provided an __9__ (update) timeline for the next three Chang'e missions.Chang'e 6 will launch in 2025 to collect samples from the far side of the moon, Chang'e 7 will blastoff the following year to search for water-ice, __10__ Chang'e 8 should land some two years after that. 语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了中国计划在大约四年的时间内开始在月球上建造一个月球基地，该计划将以月球上的土壤制成的砖块作为开端。 1．kicking　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，kick off在句子中为非谓语动词，它和“China”之间为主动关系，因此使用现在分词作状语，故填kicking。 2．a　考查冠词。 scientist 为可数名词且leading是以辅音音素开头的单词，因此使用不定冠词a。 3．would be made　考查时态和语态。make是谓语动词，它和“the first brick”之间为被动关系，并且make的动作发生在told 之后，则用其过去将来时的被动语态“would be done”，故填would be made。 4．which　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，“a lander, hopper, orbiter and rover”是先行词，在从句中作宾语，指物，因此使用which引导定语从句。 5．if/whether　考查从属连词。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导主语从句，表示“是否”，故使用连词if或whether。 6．beyond/outside　考查介词。根据句意可知，此处应该填入介词，表示“在……之外”，应使用beyond或outside。 7．strategic　考查形容词。此处需填入形容词作定语，修饰名词needs，表示“战略的”，故填strategic。 8．to contain　考查非谓语动词。be believed to do sth.表示“被认为做某事”，故填to contain。 9．updated　考查非谓语动词。update和timeline之间为被动关系，因此使用过去分词作定语，表示“最新的”，故填updated。 10．and　考查并列连词。根据上文“provided an ________ (update) timeline for the next three Chang'e missions”可知，“Chang'e 6”和“Chang'e 7”以及“Chang'e 8”是并列关系，故使用并列连词and来连接。 习题讲评(二)　1篇阅读七选五＋1篇完形填空＋1篇应用文写作 Ⅰ.阅读七选五 (2025·大连双基测试)Back in January, I was determined to get fit seriously. __1__ But then just as I was close to giving up again, I discovered a brilliant new way to make exercise better: by turning it into a video game. Zwift is essentially a cycling game that you control by riding your real bike, which is equipped with a device called a turbo trainer.This makes it like an exercise bike.As you ride, the trainer sends signals to your computer or tablet to control the character on the screen. __2__ For example, as you're cycling up a hill in the game, you can actually feel the different levels of resistance on the bike. After signing up for a ￡12/month subscription, you can participate in virtual cycle rides in 3D recreations of real places, like London or fantastical fictional locations invented by the game designers. __3__ As you cycle along The Mall towards Buckingham Palace, other real human cyclists appear alongside you, sharing the journey.Though it is obviously only a game, just seeing the character move is surprisingly motivating. __4__ Go a little faster and you'll be rewarded with a little achievement marker.If you ride harder, you might win a race against another real player and unlock a new item in a regular video game, which can never be matched by a traditional exercise bike. I'm not the only person who has noticed this.__5__Today there are many other companies chasing the same audience, and they all offer their own unique twists on the formula. A．Zwift makes it easy to work out. B．And importantly, you're not alone. C．The rest of the tech industry has, too. D．I played Zwift, a cycling game for training. E．And then the game sends instructions back to the trainer. F．Smartly, the tricks of video games will keep pushing you. G．This would mean hours' stretching and sweating each week. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一款电子游戏，结合安装在自行车上的设备，该游戏可以模拟真实的骑行进行锻炼。 1．选G　根据空前句可知，作者决定变得健康；再结合下文可知，作者几乎要放弃了，说明运动应该很辛苦，因此空处应承上启下，G项“这意味着每周数小时的伸展和流汗”符合语境。 2．选E　空前句讲到，在你骑行时，这个设备会向你的电脑或平板发送信号来控制屏幕上的角色；空后句讲到，例如，当你在该游戏中骑车上山时，你在自行车上实际可以感受到不同程度的阻力。E项“然后游戏将操作说明发送回这个设备”符合语境。 3．选B　根据空后句可知，当你沿着林荫路向白金汉宫骑行时，其他骑自行车的真人出现在你身边，与你共享这段旅程。由此可知，你并不孤单，有其他骑自行车的人与你同行。故B项符合语境。 4．选F　空处位于句首，为该段主题句。通读该段内容可知，该段主要陈述这种电子游戏的小把戏会推动你锻炼。故F项符合语境。 5．选C　根据空前句可知，作者不是唯一注意到这一点的人，再根据空后句可知，今天，还有许多其他公司在追逐同样的受众，他们都在这个方法上取得了自己独特的新进展。由此可知，空处说明其他的科技公司也注意到了这点。故C项符合语境。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (2025·湖南长沙四区一模)Medha Gupta sometimes felt worried about making the 20-minute walk from the corner where the school bus dropped her off to her home in Herndon, Virginia — especially during the colder months in winter. Her mother, Divya Gupta, had a __6__： write an app.She was half-kidding, but Medha took the challenge __7__. So she went to work. The result was Safe Travel, an app __8__ by Medha, to help walkers feel more __9__ when travelling alone. Using the phone, a person can programme it to send a warning to someone he or she trusts if he or she __10__ to arrive at a destination within a certain time. It was the first app that Medha had created. While she didn't think much would come from the project, her __11__ caught the eyes of judges for the annual Congressional App Challenge, who selected her as the winner for Virginia's 10th District. The App Challenge is designed to encourage __12__ to consider careers in science, technology, engineering, and maths by __13__ coding and computer science. Winning students are __14__ to attend a reception on Capitol Hill in April and also received D|S250 in web service credits. Medha said it took her about 40 hours to design, __15__ and test the app. As for her next app, Medha's not certain. She __16__ has her app-development tasks on hold because she's __17__ teaching herself AI to help deal with improper words on social media. Yes, she knows that there are teams of __18__ probably doing the same thing. But she __19__ it can't hurt to do her own part, too. “If we see something __20__ with the world, we should do something about it，” she said. “After all, the only one stopping us from doing something is ourselves.” 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了Medha Gupta 设计的一款手机应用程序，它可以帮助行人在独自旅行时感到更安全。 6．A.suggestion　　　　 B．clue C．perception D．secret 解析：选A　根据冒号后的“write an app”和后文Medha设计出了一个app可知，此处是说她的母亲Divya Gupta有一个建议：编写一个应用程序。故选A。 7．A.optionally B．seriously C．rudely D．unhesitatingly 解析：选B　根据句意可知，妈妈只是半开玩笑，句中的but表转折，表明Medha与妈妈态度相反，即认真对待。optionally“可选择地”；seriously“认真地”；rudely“粗鲁地”；unhesitatingly“毫不犹豫地”。 8．A.recommended B．improved C．bought D．designed 解析：选D　根据上文可知，Medha放学独自回家有时会很担心，她妈妈建议她编写一个应用程序，她认真对待这个挑战，由此可推知，其结果是一款由Medha设计的应用程序“安全旅行”诞生了。 9．A.secure B．encouraged C．comfortable D．mystical 解析：选A　根据上文“The result was Safe Travel”可知，这款应用程序名为“安全旅行”，故它旨在帮助步行者在独自旅行时感到更安全。secure“安全的”；encouraged“受到鼓舞的”；comfortable“舒服的”；mystical“神秘的”。 10．A.attempts B．expects C．fails D．plans 解析：选C　根据空前的“a person can programme it to send a warning to someone he or she trusts”及空后的“to arrive at a destination within a certain time”并结合常识可知，一个人如果未能在一定时间内到达目的地，就用手机向他们信任的人发出警告。fail to do sth.意为“未做成某事”。 11．A.trouble B．effort C．courage D．patience 解析：选B　根据空后的“caught the eyes of judges for the annual Congressional App Challenge, who selected her as the winner for Virginia's 10th District”推测，她为这项发明所作出的努力，让她被选为弗吉尼亚州第十选区的获胜者。 12．A.employees B．competitors C．students D．judges 解析：选C　根据下文中的“Winning students”可知，这场应用程序挑战大赛旨在鼓励学生考虑科学、技术、工程和数学领域的职业。 13．A.continuing with B．coping with C．contrasting with D．experimenting with 解析：选D　句意：应用程序挑战旨在鼓励学生通过试验编码和计算机科学来考虑科学、技术、工程和数学领域的职业。continue with“继续”；cope with“处理”；contrast with“与……形成对比”；experiment with“用……试验”。 14．A.required B．invited C．forced D．tempted 解析：选B　根据空后的“to attend a reception on Capitol Hill in April”可知，获奖学生将被邀请参加4月份在国会山举行的招待会。 15．A.programme B．upgrade C．change D．disprove 解析：选A　根据句意可知，Medha说，她花了大约40个小时来设计、编程和测试这个应用程序。programme“编程”；upgrade“升级”；disprove“证明……有误”。 16．A.carelessly B．randomly C．aimlessly D．temporarily 解析：选D　根据下文“because she's ________ teaching herself AI to help deal with improper words on social media”可知，因为她正忙于自学人工智能，故暂时搁置了应用程序开发任务。randomly“随机地”；aimlessly“漫无目的地”；temporarily“暂时地”。 17．A.depressed about B．worried about C．occupied in D．satisfied with 解析：选C　根据句意可知，她暂时搁置了应用程序开发任务，因为她正忙于自学人工智能，以帮助处理社交媒体上的不当言辞。be depressed about“对……感到沮丧”；be worried about“担心……”；be occupied in“忙于”；be satisfied with“对……感到满意”。 18．A.entrepreneurs B．volunteers C．engineers D．physicians 解析：选C　根据空后的“probably doing the same thing”，再结合Medha设计了应用程序可知，此处应该是说她了解到可能有一些工程师团队在做同样的事情。entrepreneur“企业家”；volunteer“志愿者”；engineer“工程师”；physician“医师”。 19．A.concludes B．figures C．suspects D．prays 解析：选B　由上文可知，她了解到可能有一些工程师团队在做同样的事情，再结合空后的“it can't hurt to do her own part, too”可知，她自己认为这不会影响她做的事。conclude“结束”；figure“认为”；suspect“怀疑”；pray“祈祷”。 20．A.painful B．distressing C．ridiculous D．wrong 解析：选D　根据空后的“we should do something about it”可知，当我们发现这个世界出现错误，我们应该做点事情。painful“痛苦的”；distressing“令人苦恼的”；ridiculous“荒唐的”；wrong“错误的”。 Ⅲ.应用文写作 (2025·重庆模拟)你校将举办英语演讲比赛。请你以“Technology Changes Life”为题写一篇发言稿参赛，内容包括： 1．科技对生活的影响； 2．你受到的启发。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 Technology Changes Life Good morning, everyone! I'm thrilled to be here today to discuss how technology has changed our lives. __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ 参考范文： Technology Changes Life Good morning, everyone! I'm thrilled to be here today to discuss how technology has changed our lives. Technology has become an indispensable part of our daily lives.It has revolutionized communication, allowing us to stay connected with our friends and family by means of video chats, emails, or social media.Moreover, technology has transformed the way we learn.We can access vast amounts of information as long as the Internet is available.Online courses have made learning more accessible and engaging. From my perspective, not only does technology bring convenience and efficiency, but it also inspires us to think differently and be more innovative.It is a powerful tool and we should make use of it wisely.Let's embrace its benefits while guarding against its pitfalls. 6 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$