选择性必修第一册 UNIT 1 习题讲评(一)—(二)（练习）-【创新方案】2026年高考英语一轮复习（人教版）

习题讲评(一)　2篇阅读理解＋1篇语法填空 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2025·武汉外国语学校高三模拟) Women Pioneers Who Changed the World Ali Stroker Ali Stroker took the theater world — and, indeed, the very Internet — by storm when, on June 9, 2019, she became the first performer in a wheelchair to take home a Tony Award.After becoming the first actor in a wheelchair in Broadway history in 2015, she won the award for her powerhouse performance in the revival of Oklahoma! Susan B．Anthony Susan B．Anthony participated in her first women's rights conference in 1852.Over the next 54 years, she published The Revolution; gave speeches; called the first Woman Suffrage Convention in Washington, D．C.(1869); and was arrested for voting (1872)．She was also a vocal advocate for abolishing slavery and improving workers' rights, higher education for women, and training standardization and registration for nurses. Anna Bissell In 1889 Anna Bissell became the CEO of the company, making her the first female CEO in America.She traveled around the country selling sweepers and making deals with major retailers to carry the Bissell brand.Eventually, she took the brand international.She was also one of the first company heads to give workers pension plans. Malala Yousafzai When terrorists began seizing power in her hometown and attacking girls' schools, Yousafzai gave a speech defending her and all women's right to an education.She continued to speak out even after her cover was blown and the terrorists issued a death threat.In 2012, a masked gunman boarded the bus and shot her in the head.She survived.In 2014, she became the youngest person to win the Nobel Peace Prize. 语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章简要介绍了四位对世界作出贡献的女性先驱。 1．What is Ali Stroker noted for? A．Her efforts to win a prize. B．Her Broadway background. C．Her special art performance. D．Her wheelchair to perform in. 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据Ali Stroker部分相关内容可知，Ali Stroker以其特别的艺术表演而闻名。 2．Which word can best describe Anna Bissell? A．Doubtful. B．Devoted. C．Stubborn. D．Outgoing. 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据Anna Bissell部分相关内容可知，Anna Bissell是一位有奉献精神的女性。 3．Who made a great contribution to the education for women? A．Ali Stroker and Anna Bissell. B．Ali Stroker and Malala Yousafzai. C．Susan B．Anthony and Anna Bissell. D．Susan B．Anthony and Malala Yousafzai. 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据Susan B．Anthony部分中“She was also a vocal advocate ...higher education for women”及 Malala Yousafzai中“Yousafzai gave a speech ...right to an education.”可知，Susan B．Anthony和Malala Yousafzai两位女性对于女性教育作出了巨大贡献。 B (2025·湖北联考)Many robots track objects by “sight” as they work with them, but optical (光学的) sensors can't take in an item's entire shape when it's in the dark or partially blocked from view.Now a new low-cost technique lets a robotic hand “feel” an unfamiliar object's form — and skillfully handle it based on this information alone. University of California, San Diego, roboticist Wang Xiaolong and his team wanted to find out whether complex actions could be achieved in robotics using only simple touch data. The researchers attached 16 contact sensors, each costing about D|S12, to the palm and fingers of a four-fingered robot hand.These sensors simply indicate whether an object is touching the hand or not.“While one sensor doesn't catch much, a lot of them can help you capture different aspects of the object，” Wang says.In this case, the robot's task was to rotate (旋转) items placed in its palm. They first ran simulations (模拟) to collect enough touch data as a virtual robot hand practiced rotating objects, including balls and other irregular objects.Using information from each sensor, the team built a computer model that determines an object's position at every step of the handling process and moves the fingers to rotate it smoothly and stably. Next they transferred this capability to operate a real robot hand, which successfully controlled previously unfamiliar objects such as apples, tomatoes, soup cans and rubber ducks.Transferring the computer model to the real world was relatively easy because the sensor data were so simple.However, New York University's Lerrel Pinto, who studies robots' interactions, wonders whether the system would fail at more complicated tasks. So in the future work, Wang's group aims to tackle more complex movements as well as to add sensors in places such as the sides of the fingers.“This means that there will be more accurate information from touching that allows reconstructing the object's shape，” Wang says.The researchers will also try adding vision to complement touch data for handling complicated shape. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。加利福尼亚大学圣迭戈分校的机器人专家王小龙和他的团队通过模拟实验，探索仅用简单的触摸数据，机器人是否可以实现复杂的动作。这项新的低成本技术可以让机械手“感觉”不熟悉物体的形状，并仅根据这些信息就能熟练地处理它。 4．What was the intention of the research conducted by Wang Xiaolong's group? A．To develop a robot with advanced optical sensors. B．To create a robotic hand to grasp familiar objects. C．To explore the use of touch data in complex robotic actions. D．To investigate the impact of lighting on robotic recognition. 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第二段的内容可知，王小龙和他的团队想弄清仅用简单的触摸数据，机器人是否可以实现复杂的动作。故选C。 5．What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The working principle of the robot hand in Wang's research. B．The type of contact sensors attached to the robot hand. C．The way that the robot hand captured different objects. D．The function of the robot hand in Wang's research. 解析：选A　段落大意题。第三段主要讲研究人员将16个接触式传感器安装在四指机械手的手掌和手指上。这些传感器只显示一个物体是否接触到手。在这种情况下，机器人的任务是旋转放在它手掌中的物品。由此可知，第三段主要介绍了王小龙研究中机械手的工作原理。故选A。 6．How did the researchers gather touch data for the robotic hand's training? A．They used real-world objects. B．They used complex optical sensors. C．They relied on vision-based technology. D．They conducted simulations with the robot hand. 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第四段的内容可知，研究人员首先进行模拟，在虚拟机械手练习旋转包括球和其他不规则物体的物体时，收集足够的触摸数据。利用来自每个传感器的信息，该团队建立了一个计算机模型，该模型可以在处理过程中确定物体的位置，并移动手指以平稳地旋转物体。故选D。 7．What is Wang Xiaolong's attitude towards Pinto's concern over the system? A．Doubtful. B．Positive. C．Unclear. D．Dismissive. 解析：选B　观点态度题。倒数第二段最后一句讲Pinto怀疑该系统是否会在更复杂的任务中失败；最后一段的“Wang's group aims to tackle more complex movements ... the object's shape，’ Wang says.”讲王小龙团队的目标是解决更复杂的运动，并在手指侧面等地方添加传感器，他认为这意味着通过触摸会获得更准确的信息，从而可以重建物体的形状。由此可知，王小龙对这个系统的态度是积极的，故选B。 Ⅱ.语法填空 (2025·石家庄摸底)Benjamin Lou is a computer scientist and an advocate who was born with a rare genetic disorder __1__ (call) spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), which affects the muscles used for moving the body.At the age of one, he became __2__ (complete) paralyzed (瘫痪的) from the chest down, making it difficult for him to breathe, feed himself, or move around without assistance.Despite these __3__ (challenge), Benjamin beat the odds and entered Massachusetts Institute of Technology, __4__ he earned a degree in computer science and artificial intelligence. By now, Benjamin __5__ (become) an inspirational figure for individuals with disabilities, using his experiences to raise __6__ (aware) about the importance of accessibility to technology and advocating policies that make digital tools more usable for people with disabilities.He has also worked on __7__ (develop) assistive technologies, such as a voice-controlled computer interface that can be used by people with limited mobility. In addition __8__ his work in technology, Benjamin is a passionate advocate for disability rights, using his platform to challenge stereotypes and promote understanding of living with a disability.Through his writing and speaking engagement, he hopes to encourage others __9__ (accept) their differences and work towards creating __10__ more inclusive society for all. 语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了患有脊髓性肌萎缩的计算机科学家楼印根的病情、学术之路，以及他在为残疾人发声方面所作出的努力。 1．called　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语动词作genetic disorder的后置定语。call与其逻辑主语genetic disorder之间是动宾关系，故填 called。 2．completely　考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后的形容词paralyzed，应用副词，故填completely。 3．challenges　考查名词复数。根据空前的these可知，challenge在此作名词，且应用复数形式，故填challenges。 4．where　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词Massachusetts Institute of Technology是表示地点的名词，从句中缺少地点状语，所以空处填关系副词where。 5．has become　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语。根据时间状语By now可知，时态用现在完成时；主语Benjamin和become之间是主动关系；主语Benjamin是第三人称单数，故填has become。 6．awareness　考查名词。固定表达raise awareness about意为“提高对……的意识”，故填 awareness。 7．developing　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处作介词on的宾语，故填developing。 8．to　考查介词。固定表达 in addition to意为“除……之外”，故填to。 9．to accept　考查非谓语动词。固定表达encourage sb.to do sth.意为“鼓励某人做某事”，故填to accept。 10．a　考查冠词。空处修饰名词society，且名词前有形容词修饰。根据句意可知，此处表泛指，more的发音以辅音音素开头，所以空处填不定冠词a。 习题讲评(二)　1篇阅读七选五＋1篇完形填空＋1篇应用文写作 Ⅰ.阅读七选五 (2025·临沂市高三模拟)My older brother went to the school chess club at school in Minnesota where we live, so when I started first grade at the age of 6, I also started going too. __1__ After a few months I started getting rated. __2__ Over the next two years I probably played 200 games at the school club and lost many of them, but through that I got more experience and became pretty good. I study many parts of chess: opening, strategies and also endgames. __3__ I enjoy positional play in the middle game, but if there are brilliant strategies I can use, I like playing them too. Every game is different and I think people might not realize that.There are so many different moves and beautiful combinations that can be played, so you have to be creative. __4__ After the first two years of playing, when I was 8, I became one of the youngest chess experts in the US.You have to reach a rating of 2,000 to get that title, and I achieved that in September of 2018.I was one of the youngest girls to achieve that and I do not think any other girls have done so since then. Since then, I have won two gold medals at the World Cadet Chess Championship.In March 2020, I achieved a chess rating of 2,200 and became one of the youngest US chess masters. I was the youngest player, boy or girl, in the US Junior Championship or the US Girls' Junior Championship in 2020, which was played online. __5__ It feels great to be playing older and experienced players and I hope I can be as good as some of them one day.It's the games that I lost to stronger players at last year's Championships that actually stood out to me, because I try to learn from them. A．That's why I like chess. B．I was drawn into the game. C．But I was one of the worst players at first. D．This is because I play chess for fun. E．I tried to get better at them with practice. F．I practiced playing chess in my free time. G．I was the youngest again to compete in 20. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者成为美国最年轻的国际象棋大师之一的故事。 1．选B　根据后文的“After a few months I started getting rated.”可知，作者几个月后就开始被评级，说明作者进步很快，应该是喜欢国际象棋。B选项“我被这个游戏吸引住了。”符合语境。 2．选C　根据下文的“lost many of them”可知，作者虽然喜欢国际象棋，但是在比赛中输了很多次。C选项“但一开始我是最差的选手之一。”符合语境。 3．选E　上文的“I study many parts of chess：opening, strategies and also endgames.”表示作者对象棋进行了深入的研究。E选项“我试着通过练习把它们做得更好。”符合语境。E选项中的them指上文提到的 opening，strategies and also endgames。 4．选A　根据上文的“There are so many different moves and beautiful combinations that can be played, so you have to be creative.”可知，玩国际象棋要有创造性，空前表示原因，后面应顺承表示结果。A选项“那就是我喜欢下棋的原因。”符合语境。 5．选G　根据上文的“I was the youngest player ...which was played online.”可知，作者是最年轻的选手。G选项“我再次成为20届比赛中最年轻的选手。”在语意上与其构成递进关系。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (2025·江西南昌市高三模拟)Chris, a 21-year-old young man from Maitland, Florida, completed an Ironman triathlon (铁人三项)．An Ironman __6__ a 112-mile cycle, a 2.4-mile swim and a 26.2-mile run.While this is an amazing __7__ for any human being, it is especially __8__ for Chris Nikic who has Down Syndrome (唐氏综合征). __9__， Chris Nikic did the impossible! His __10__ to this amazing and inspiring accomplishment has been anything but __11__.Chris had open-heart surgery when he was just five months old.He needed a __12__ when he was three and did not even walk on his own until he was four years old.Throughout his childhood, he and his parents were told that he could not do many things that other kids could do.For years they got __13__ to and accepted these limits. Until in 2017, he sets his __14__ on competing in triathlons.His training starts with one pushup as well as an amazing commitment he __15__ with his dad to get 1% better each day. __16__， Chris trained four to eight hours each day for a whole year to prepare for the __17__. Chris's amazing perseverance (毅力) is an example for not only children with Down Syndrome and other special __18__ but to all kids around the world.Chris is now trying to __19__ as many people as he can with his story which he is __20__ through public speaking, presentations, and a book he is working with his father. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了21岁患有唐氏综合征的Chris Nikic完成了铁人三项比赛，为此他付出了巨大努力，成为许多孩子的榜样。 6．A.stands for　　　　　　 B．takes over C．consists of D．calls on 解析：选C　后文“a 112-mile cycle, a 2.4-mile swim and a 26.2-mile run”是比赛的组成项目。consist of“由……组成”。 7．A.enjoyment B．achievement C．development D．improvement 解析：选B　根据上文“a 112-mile cycle, a 2.4-mile swim and a 26.2-mile run”可知，完成铁人三项是一项了不起的成就(achievement)。 8．A.strange B．unique C．advanced D．private 解析：选B　根据后文“for Chris Nikic who has Down Syndrome”可知，克里斯·尼克患有唐氏综合征，因此完成比赛尤其了不起。unique“独特的”。 9．A.Preciously B．Necessarily C．Temporarily D．Apparently 解析：选D　根据后文“Chris Nikic did the impossible！”可知，克里斯·尼克显然(Apparently)完成了不可能的事。 10．A.solution B．response C．road D．secret 解析：选C　根据后文“to this amazing and inspiring accomplishment”可知，取得成就的道路(road)并非一帆风顺。 11．A.easy B．difficult C．interesting D．complicated 解析：选A　根据上文“for Chris Nikic who has Down Syndrome”可知，他患有唐氏综合征，所以取得成就不容易(easy)。 12．A.speaker B．sticker C．jumper D．walker 解析：选D　根据后文“did not even walk on his own until he was four years old”可知，三岁的时候需要助行器(walker)。 13．A.accustomed B．rooted C．lost D．engaged 解析：选A　根据上文“For years”和下文“accepted these limits”可知，时间久了他们已经习惯了这些限制。accustomed“习惯的”。 14．A.luck B．sights C．standards D．pleasure 解析：选B　根据后文“on competing in triathlons”可知，他想要参加铁人三项比赛。短语set sights on表示“瞄准，把目光投向”。 15．A.made B．included C．met D．demonstrated 解析：选A　根据上文“an amazing commitment he”可知，他作出承诺，应用动词make。 16．A.Occasionally B．Suddenly C．Eventually D．Casually 解析：选C　根据后文“Chris trained four to eight hours each day for a whole year”可知，最后(Eventually)他的训练达到了每天四到八个小时。 17．A.memory B．experience C．story D．competition 解析：选D　根据上文“on competing in triathlons”以及“a whole year to prepare for the”可知，此处指为铁人三项比赛(competition)做准备。 18．A.skills B．disabilities C．movements D．features 解析：选B　根据并列连词“and”可判断，该题空格应与and前的“Down Syndrome” 意义相近，表示“唐氏综合征和其他特殊残疾儿童”。 disabilities“残疾”。 19．A.promote B．inquire C．inspire D．provide 解析：选C　根据后文“as many people as he can with his story”以及上文提到了榜样作用可知，他试图用他的故事激励(inspire)尽可能多的人。 20．A.sharing B．talking C．writing D．posting 解析：选A　根据后文“through public speaking, presentations, and a book he is working with his father”可知，他通过公开演讲、报告和他与父亲合作的一本书来分享(sharing)他的故事。 Ⅲ.应用文写作 (2025·长沙模拟)你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请以“我最喜欢的中国历史人物”为题写一篇短文参赛。内容包括： 1．人物简介； 2．喜欢的原因。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 My Favorite Chinese Historical Figure __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ 参考范文： My Favorite Chinese Historical Figure My favorite figure from Chinese history is the philosopher Confucius, who lived during the Spring and Autumn Period.He was an educator and a political analyst, whose thoughts have profoundly influenced East Asian. I admire Confucius for the following reasons.First, his dedication to education and the belief that it should be accessible to all touch me deeply.Second, he emphasized the importance of personal and governmental morality, correct social relationships, justice, and sincerity.These values not only shaped Chinese culture but also offered timeless wisdom that remains relevant today. In brief, his teachings inspire me to reflect on my actions and strive to be a better individual in all aspects of life. 10 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$