必修第三册 UNIT 4 习题讲评(一)—(二)（练习）-【创新方案】2026年高考英语一轮复习（人教版）

习题讲评(一)　2篇阅读理解＋1篇语法填空 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Should humans explore space? If you ask me, I'll definitely give a positive answer. The exploration of space has a direct impact on the lives of humans, as well as the state of our world.Satellites moving around the earth enable communication across the world, connecting people of different continents and broadcasting information worldwide.The navigation system can identify our location anywhere.Furthermore, weather satellites can predict harmful weather conditions which allows humans to prepare for deadly natural disasters and save lives. Space programs can also indirectly contribute to the solution to poverty and world hunger.For example, large pieces of land could be used far better if humans applied technologies.The most effective tool is the artificial earth satellite.It can screen areas of land within a very short time, indicating useful measures such as the condition of crops, soil rainfall, and droughts.It can then send this information to ground stations on the earth for better use. Furthermore, access to better education means better life prospects and opportunities for human beings.Rural (乡村的) communities have disadvantaged access to education and satellite communication technologies are trying to bridge this gap.With the development of technology, students can now access any information and connect with peers and teachers in different parts of the world through video conferences and the creation of virtual classrooms. Space exploration is something we can do for future generations.Mankind is using the resources provided on the planet, but these will run out one day.Overpopulation can be a threat for all mankind.With the development of space technology, it will be wise to use and explore the vast potential of other planets, such as the availability of mining resources on asteroids (小行星) or other planets. For the exploration of the universe, perhaps the most advantageous of all is that it will unite us to work together for a common purpose, regardless of our differences. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章具体介绍了进行太空探索的好处和必要性。 1．What can space exploration do according to paragraph 2? A．Improve the traffic on the earth. B．Promote travel between countries. C．Help prevent deadly natural disasters. D．Help humans communicate and exchange information. 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第二段中“Satellites moving around the earth enable ...different continents and broadcasting information worldwide.”可知，太空探索可以帮助人类沟通和交换信息。故选D。 2．How can space programs help with poverty and world hunger? A．By benefiting crop production with artificial earth satellites. B．By transporting food worldwide more easily. C．By creating job opportunities for the poor. D．By protecting available land resources. 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第三段中“The most effective tool is the artificial ...soil rainfall, and droughts.It can then send this information to ground stations on the earth for better use.”可知，太空项目可以通过利用人造地球卫星促进作物生产来帮助消除贫困和世界饥饿。故选A。 3．What does the author think of mining resources on other planets? A．Time-wasting.　　　　 B．Arguable. C．Necessary. D．Educational. 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，地球上的资源是有限的，利用太空技术去使用和探索其他行星的巨大潜力是明智之举。由此可知，作者认为在其他星球上开采资源是必要的。故选C。 4．What would be the best title for the text? A．Why Space Exploration Is Important? B．Why Humankind Should Keep Exploring? C．Why We Should Improve Space Technology? D．Why Humans Should Keep Developing Technologies? 解析：选A　标题归纳题。通读全文，并结合第一段“Should humans explore space? If you ask me, I'll definitely give a positive answer.”可知，文章认为人类应该进行太空探索，并具体介绍了探索太空的好处和必要性。因此，A项“为什么太空探索很重要？”符合文章主旨，最适合作为标题。 B (2025·扬州一模)You look up at the sky on a clear and dark night, and you'll see more stars than your eyes can count.Most of these stars have planets, similar to our own, orbiting them.With so many celestial bodies floating out in space, you can't help but question whether other forms of life exist in the universe.And if that's the case, is it possible to contact them? Science is still somewhat divided on this issue.Currently, no evidence exists to suggest that intelligent life exists elsewhere in the universe.Yet with an estimated one trillion planets in our galaxy alone, it seems highly likely that Earthlings aren't the only intelligent creatures out there.Some claim that life can only develop under perfect circumstances, and Earth is perhaps the only example of this.Other scientists object to this claim, and point out that even on Earth, life can find a way under the most extreme circumstances. Some people believe that aliens have already visited our planet, but this information is being kept secret by governments.The most famous incident of this kind occurred in Roswell, New Mexico in 1947.On that date, many residents reported seeing an unusual flying disc streak through the sky, before it crashed in a field.When the military heard about the crash, they quickly sealed off the area.A few hours later, the army base announced that it had recovered a flying disc.Shortly after, this statement was retracted and it was said that it was a weather balloon that crashed.However, years later one local mortician even claimed that the military had him secretly perform an autopsy on a dead alien body. Others believe that there certainly are other life forms out there, but the distance between us is too great.Even if we could somehow create a spaceship that travels at the speed of light, it would still probably take several lifetimes to reach them.Then again, we might never have to do this if aliens reach us first. 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了太空中是否还存在其他形式的生命，以及不同的人对此的不同看法。 5．Why do some scientists think there is life on other planets? A．An unusual flying disc was ever witnessed. B．Life exists despite extreme conditions as those on the Earth do. C．The government's statement seemed suspicious. D．There are a great number of planets in the universe. 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第二段中“Yet with an estimated one trillion planets ...the only intelligent creatures out there.”可知，有些科学家认为其他星球上有生命是因为宇宙中有大量的行星。 6．What does the underlined word “retracted” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Examined again to guarantee the correctness. B．Emphasized again to persuade people. C．Formally taken back what has been said. D．Seriously criticized due to poor evidence. 解析：选C　词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“A few hours later ...a flying disc.”以及后文“it was said that it was a weather balloon that crashed”可知，该军事基地宣布他们找到了一个飞碟。不久之后，这一声明被撤回，据说是一个气象气球坠毁。故画线词意为“正式收回说过的话”。 7．Which of the following might be the best title for the text? A．Are We Alone in the Universe? B．Is It Possible to Contact Aliens? C．Intelligent Life in the Universe D．Planets Floating out in Space 解析：选A　标题归纳题。根据第一段中“With so many celestial bodies ...is it possible to contact them？”并结合文章主要论述了太空中是否还存在其他形式的生命，以及不同的人对此的不同看法可知，A选项最适合作文章标题。 8．How does the author sound in the text? A．Objective. B．Humorous. C．Cautious. D．Anxious. 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第二段中“Science is still somewhat divided on this issue.”；第三段中“Some people believe ...by governments.”以及最后一段中“Others believe ...between us is too great.”可推知，文中没有提到作者的观点，即作者是客观的语气。 Ⅱ.语法填空 (2025·郑州模拟)On October 26, China launched the Shenzhou 17 manned spaceship, and the three astronauts aboard would be sent to stay in orbit for about six months on a space station mission.The Shenzhou 17 crew has __1__ youngest lineup since the __2__(construct) of China's Tiangong space station started. They would perform__3__ (variety) of in-orbit space science and application payload tests and experiments, Lin Xiqiang, deputy director of the CMSA, announced __4__ (formal) at a press conference.They would carry __5__ extravehicular (舱外的) activities, set up extravehicular payloads and conduct space station maintenance and other tasks. The Shenzhou 17 astronauts would do extravehicular experimental maintenance for the first time, __6__ is a very challenging task, Lin added. With space debris (碎片) increasing, its impact on long-term operating spacecraft is unavoidable, Lin said.“Through initial inspections, we __7__ (find) that the solar wings of the space station had been hit by tiny space particles (粒子) several times, __8__ (cause) minor damages.” “We already took this into consideration in the design stage，though.At present, all functionality and performance indicators of the space station meet requirements，” he added.The astronauts also had the intention __9__ (assess) the functioning and performance of the space station and would test the coordination and compatibility of ground support centers in performing space station operation and management tasks, __10__ (aim) at further improving the operating efficiency and fault correction capability of the space station. 语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。10月26日，中国发射了神舟十七号载人飞船，文章介绍了它的太空任务。 1．the　考查冠词。修饰形容词最高级youngest，需用定冠词the。 2．construction　考查名词。空前有定冠词the修饰，空后有介词“of”，所以空处需填名词construction，其为不可数名词。 3．varieties　考查固定搭配。varieties of为固定搭配，意为“各种各样的”。 4．formally　考查副词。修饰动词announced需用副词formally，作状语。 5．out　考查固定搭配。carry out为固定搭配，意为“执行，实施”。 6．which　考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的句子，关系词替代先行词在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。 7．have found　考查动词时态和主谓一致。此处强调过去发生的事情对现在产生的影响，需用现在完成时，主语为we，助动词用have。故填have found。 8．causing　考查非谓语动词。空后内容是前句造成的自然而然、意料之中的结果，cause应用现在分词形式作结果状语。故填causing。 9．to assess　考查非谓语动词。have the intention to do为固定搭配，意为“有做……的打算”。故填to assess。 10．aimed　考查非谓语动词。be aimed at为固定短语，意为“以……为目的”，空处用过去分词aimed作状语。 习题讲评(二)　1篇阅读七选五＋1篇完形填空＋1篇应用文写作 Ⅰ.阅读七选五 (2025·邢台模拟) Benefits of Space Exploration On April 12, 1961, the astronaut Yuri Gagarin became the first human to journey to outer space.The age of space exploration started that day.__1__？ Well, the answer is simple.The benefits of space exploration, including medical, technological and economic benefits, are more than the dangers of it. ·Medical benefits __2__.Analyzing the effects of zero-gravity on blood circulation (循环) led to many discoveries on how to prevent some types of heart failure.And the experiments and measurements of bone strength and bone loss in astronauts have helped doctors better understand bone diseases. ·__3__ The space race has led to technological advancements in the shortest period of time, such as vacuum-sealed (真空密封的) food, fireproof materials and modern vacuum cleaners.__4__.Yet, we even don't know that some NASA engineers originally developed them for the Apollo program that took humankind to the moon. As you can see, it is important for us to keep pushing the limits of space exploration. Who knows what kind of new technologies could be developed that will make our lives easier in the future. ·Creation of STEM jobs Space exploration is one of the industries that require the largest percentage of STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) jobs.A lot of those jobs are positions for engineers, data analysts, doctors, biologists and so on. Although these positions require highly qualified people to fill them, they are some of the highest-paid jobs in the market.__5__. A．Space tourism industry B．Development of new technologies C．Is exploring space a waste of time and money D．Today, we still use them in our daily lives E．So, the growing space industry creates high-paid jobs F．The medical benefits of space exploration reach every area of the human body G．Why should we spend so much time and money to explore dangerous environments 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了太空探索的好处。 1．选G　根据下文“Well, the answer is simple.”可知，空处是一个问题。结合下文介绍太空探索带来的好处远远大于它的危险可知，空处应该是在问为什么需要探索太空。G项“为什么我们要花这么多的时间和金钱去探索危险的环境”符合文意，选项中的关键词dangerous照应空后的dangers。 2．选F　根据小标题Medical benefits可知，本段主要介绍太空探索的医疗好处。F项“太空探索的医学益处覆盖到人体的每个部分”符合文意，选项中的The medical benefits呼应小标题。 3．选B　根据小标题下的内容可知，本段主要讲述了太空探索带来了科技的进步，故B项“新技术的发展”适合作为本段的小标题。 4．选D　根据空前“The space race ...cleaners.”可知，太空竞赛带来了科技进步，如真空密封食品、防火材料和现代真空吸尘器。D项“今天，我们仍然在日常生活中使用它们”承接上文，符合文意，其中them代指上文提到的“vacuum-sealed (真空密封的)food, fireproof materials and modern vacuum cleaners”。 5．选E　根据上文“Space exploration ...the market.”可知，太空探索创造了高薪工作。E项“因此，不断发展的太空产业创造了高薪工作”符合文意，是对前文的总结，选项中的high-paid jobs呼应空前关键词“the highest-paid jobs”。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (2025·江苏南通模拟预测)For a little girl growing up in Colombia in the 1980s, a science career with NASA may have seemed like setting foot on a faraway planet.__6__， Diana Trujillo has made it — she is a(n) __7__ now, leading a 45-person team that's responsible for the robotic arm of the latest Mars rover.Born in 1983, even as a young girl, Diana was certain of her passion for science.When she was 17, her dad offered to send her to Miami, Florida to study Aerospace Engineering.Without any __8__， she followed her dad's __9__.Arriving in the U．S.with just $300, Trujillo had to __10__ through school by doing a series of housekeeping jobs.The __11__ was definitely not easy, but Trujillo never complained. Then came another__12__ moment for Trujillo.One of her professors casually mentioned an astronaut they were acquainted with.__13__ she was “just one person away from knowing an astronaut” was all it took to __14__ Trujillo's career goals.So she __15__ her studies in space science and __16__ became the first Hispanic (西班牙的) woman to be admitted to the NASA Academy in 2007.Since then, Trujillo has worn many hats at America's space agency. But Diana hasn't__17__ there.She also leads by example, __18__ women to pursue careers in STEM fields.Her own story is a __19__ that just beyond that barrier lies an entire universe of opportunities waiting for anyone willing to work hard enough to __20__ the stars. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了哥伦比亚长大的Diana Trujillo克服重重困难，成为美国宇航局的一名工程师，领导着团队负责火星探测器的机械臂的故事。 6．A.Therefore　　　　　　 B．Instead C．However D．Moreover 解析：选C　根据上文“For a little girl ...a faraway planet.”和下文“Diana Trujillo has made it”可知，对于Diana Trujillo这样身份的女性来说，在美国宇航局从事科学事业是遥不可及的事情，但她却做到了，上下文构成转折关系，应用However“然而”衔接。故选C。 7．A.astronaut B．engineer C．pilot D．doctor 解析：选B　根据下文“leading a 45-person team that's responsible for the robotic arm of the latest Mars rover”“to study Aerospace Engineering”可知，Diana Trujillo领导着团队负责最新火星探测器的机械臂，而且学的是航空航天工程，因此她应该是一名工程师。故选B。 8．A.hesitation B．complaint C．expectation D．promise 解析：选A　根据上文“Born in 1983, even as a young girl, Diana was certain of her passion for science.”可知，还是个小女孩的时候，Diana就对科学充满了热情，因此她会毫不犹豫地接受父亲提出的建议，固定短语without hesitation意为“毫不犹豫地”。故选A。 9．A.command B．footstep C．request D．suggestion 解析：选D　根据上文“her dad offered to send her to Miami, Florida to study Aerospace Engineering”可知，此处指父亲提出的送她去学习航空航天工程的建议。故选D。 10．A.go B．pass C．struggle D．push 解析：选C　根据上文“with just $300”和下文“by doing a series of housekeeping jobs”可知，Trujillo当时经济比较困难，得做很多家政工作来赚钱，由此可知，她是艰难地完成了学业，固定短语struggle through意为“艰难地度过”。故选C。 11．A.mission B．career C．adventure D．process 解析：选D　根据上文“Arriving in the U．S.with just $300, Trujillo had to ________ through school by doing a series of housekeeping jobs.”可知，此处指Trujillo通过打工赚钱来完成学业的过程。故选D。 12．A.risk-taking B．life-changing C．time-consuming D．energy-saving 解析：选B　根据下文“________ she was ‘just one person away from knowing an astronaut’ was all it took to ________ Trujillo's career goals.”可知，Trujillo由此更坚定地追求自己的职业目标，因此是经历了另一个改变人生的时刻。故选B。 13．A.Realizing B．Remembering C．Imagining D．Assuming 解析：选A　根据上文“One of her professors casually mentioned an astronaut they were acquainted with.”和下文“she was‘just one person away from knowing an astronaut’”可推知，教授不经意提到的事情让她意识到了自己离认识宇航员其实很近。故选A。 14．A.record B．share C．inspire D．finish 解析：选C　根据上文“she was ‘just one person away from knowing an astronaut’”可知，她意识到自己离认识宇航员其实很近，这样的想法会激励她的职业目标，让她继续努力学习。故选C。 15．A.started B．abandoned C．suspended D．continued 解析：选D　根据上文“to study Aerospace Engineering”和下文“became the first Hispanic (西班牙的) woman to be admitted to the NASA Academy in 2007”可知，Trujillo一开始学的就是与空间科学相关的专业，后来她真的被美国宇航局学院录取了，因此她是继续学习这个专业。故选D。 16．A.immediately B．eventually C．gradually D．suddenly 解析：选B　根据上文叙述的Trujillo克服经济困难，努力完成学业，以及在教授不经意提到的事情的启发下，继续学习可推知，此处指这个过程的结局是她最终成为第一位被美国宇航局学院录取的西班牙裔女性。故选B。 17．A.left B．succeeded C．stopped D．reached 解析：选C　根据下文“She also leads by example”可知，Diana还做了其他的事情，因此是并没有就此停止。故选C。 18．A.encouraging B．promising C．allowing D．persuading 解析：选A　根据上文“She also leads by example”可知，Diana在以身作则，因此是通过自己的故事来鼓励女性在STEM领域从事工作。故选A。 19．A.symbol B．notice C．warning D．reminder 解析：选D　根据上文叙述的在哥伦比亚长大的Diana Trujillo克服重重困难，成为美国宇航局的一名工程师可推知，她的故事给予我们的是正面的提醒，告诉我们努力可以助力实现梦想。故选D。 20．A.stare at B．reach for C．long for D．come after 解析：选B　根据上文“lies an entire universe of opportunities waiting for anyone willing to work hard enough to”可推知，此处是用Trujillo追寻太空梦的故事激励追寻梦想的人，想要伸手去够星星的人，只要努力工作，就有大量的机会实现梦想。故选B。 Ⅲ.应用文写作 假定你是李华，你市的科技馆将在本周末举办“中国的太空探索”图片展，你知道你校的外教Carl是一位太空迷。请你给他写一封邮件，邀请他前往观看。内容包括： 1．写信目的； 2．时间与地点； 3．图片展的内容及目的或意义。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 Dear Carl， ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ Yours， Li Hua 参考范文： Dear Carl， Knowing that you are keen on the space, I can't wait to inform you that there will be a photo exhibition whose theme is about China's space exploration. I'd like to invite you to visit it. The photo exhibition will take place in the Science and Technology Museum at 9 a．m. this weekend.According to the introduction by the museum, to enable the general public to know more about China's space exploration, the exhibition will show what progress China has made and how China has struggled to explore the space during the decades despite lots of difficulties. Surely, it is a good opportunity to know more about the space, and I believe that you will be interested in it.Looking forward to your reply. Yours， Li Hua 5 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$