Unit 5 Human and Nature（重难词汇精练）英语北大师版2019必修第二册

Unit 5 Human and Nature 重难词汇精练 词汇夯基·专项突破 1 题型一、词性转换 1 题型二、核心短语 1 题型三、一词多义 2 题型四、单句语法填空 3 题型五、单词拼写 3 题型六、完成句子 5 综合攻坚·能力跃升 5 题型一、语篇语法填空 6 题型二、读后续写 6 题型一、词性转换 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1． 2． 3． 4． 5． 6． n.探险者；勘察者→ v.探测；探险→ n.探险；探索 7． n.准备，预备→ v.预备；准备 8． n.大本营，基地；基础→ adj.基本的；基础的 9． n.雄心；抱负；追求，夙愿→ adj.有雄心的；有抱负的→ adv.雄心勃勃地 10． adj.久远的；遥远的→ n.距离；路程 11． n.真诚；诚实，正直→ adj.诚实的；正直的；坦率的→ adv.诚实地 12． n.真诚，真挚，诚实→ adj.真诚的；诚实的；诚恳的→ adv.真诚地；诚实地 13． n.勇气；勇敢的行为→ adj.勇敢的；无畏的→ adv.勇敢地，拼命地 14． n.独创性；创造力→ adj.原来的；起初的；最早的→ adv.原来；起初→ v.起源；发源 15． n.消亡；消失→ v.消失；不复存在；灭绝→ v.出现；呈现；显现 题型二、核心短语 1.natural disasters 2.rescue operations overseas   3.a battle against 4.knock on 5.wait anxiously for 6.ahead of the planned schedule 7.on one’s way back 8.in the distant past 9.all at once 10.in the direction of 11.at great speed 12.equal extent 13.be shaped like 14.pull...into... 15.pick up 16. 吸气 17. 用完;耗尽 18. 停止运转,出故障 19. 对……好奇 20. 对……置之不理,对……撒手不管 21. 在……边缘;某事快要发生(尤指不好的事) 题型三、一词多义 living 1. They are trying to study how living things work. 词性:　　　　 词义:　　　　  2.It was very difficult for them to make a living in London at first. 词性:　　　　 词义:　　　　  crowd 3.His friends crowded into his room and sang “Happy Birthday”. 词性:　　　　 词义:　　　　  4.Crowds of people rushed into his office and applied for the job. 词性:　　　　 词义:　　　　  conduct 5.In order to learn about students’ favorite sport, Tom conducted a survey. 词性:　　　　词义:　　　　  6.He conducted the band skillfully last week and won the praise of the audience. 词性:　　　　词义:　　　　  observe 7.Many people begin to observe the birds. 词性:　　　　 词义:　　　　  8. They observe the Dragon Boat Festival every year. 词性:　　　　 词义:　　　　  9.Every citizen should observe the law. 词性:　　　　 词义:　　　　  题型四、单句语法填空 1．I will never forget the day I met you. 2．We live in a digital culture information spreads at an astonishing speed. 3．The (damage) bridge will be repaired in three years. 4．My parents like to live in a town there is plenty of sunshine. 5．This thing has come to a stage I am unable to deal with it by myself. 6．Is there a shop nearby I can buy some sweets? 7．Could you give me the reason you are always late for handing in your homework? 8．A dilemma is a situation you have to choose between two equally unpleasant options. 9．We found ourselves (shock) by the beauty of the mountain village. 10．Modern DNA testing proved. that the elderly gentleman was indeed a direct (descend) of the royal family. 11．Your (boot) are covered in mud. 12．People can enter a parallel world they can change identity and forger the troubles of everyday life in “READY PLAYER ONE”, a science-fiction novel set in 2045. 13．In a word, we have now reached a point we wish to enjoy and understand literature. 14．A number of people were (trap) in the burning building when the fire broke out. 15．The research they had been devoted to (prove) to be a groundbreaking discovery, which amazed the whole society.   16．The doctor is performing an (operate) on the patient’s knees. 17．The mechanic used a wrench to (measure) the torque. 18．While (process) the data, she realized there were several errors that needed immediate attention. 19．Last weekend witnessed an activity, through which not only did we admire the beauty of plants in the park, but also we learned about the environment they grow. 20．Twenty miners (trap) underground, but soon they were rescued. 21．The boy narrowly (escape) being killed in the traffic accident that took place the other day. 22．We should take (measure) to protect endangered animals. 23．The occasion we celebrate the Spring Festival is always full of joy and warmth. 24．The streets were (crowd) with tourists eager to explore the city’s landmarks. 25．A committee was established to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and prevent the (lose) of cultural relics. 26．First, his two sledges (break) down and then the horses began to have serious difficulties with the snow and the cold. 27．The writer (survive) the whirlpool was unwilling to talk about the experience again. 28．Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were (trap) and to bury the dead. 29．It is a universal truth that a smile can break barriers. 30．Thirty miners (trap) in the mine after yesterday’s explosion. 31．For better (observe) of wild birds, you need binoculars of high quality. 32．But after the (operate), Susan burst into tears for a different reason. 33．The path we are walking now leads to the mountain. 34．The report says that many small businesses have failed in their first year of (operate) . 35．Police are trying to establish the cause of (dead). 36．Unlike the Wikipedia article the focus is on the history of the traditional dish, this article mainly introduces its medical value. 37．The mother, along with her two children (rescue) from the sinking boat yesterday. 38．The tower (measure) 30 meters high was pulled down the other day. 39．Of （equality）importance are good habits, useful skills and a positive attitude. 40．The movie, (title) Echoes of the Past, explores the emotional journey of a young woman. 题型五、单词拼写 1．The old house was covered in (灰尘) after years of being empty. 2．We i (打断，中断) this programme to bring you an important news bulletin. 3．He a (尝试，努力) to climb the steep mountain alone, but had to give up due to bad weather. 4．His family could not afford an o (手术), and the boy lived in shame. 5．The teacher made sure all students received (同等的)attention and support in the classroom. 6．He travelled alone the whole c of Africa from east to west. 7．The crew were (营救) safe and sound. 8．He suffered severe brain (损害) after an accident. 9．More than a century past, the emperor’s death remains a (神秘事物). 10．Did you attend Mr Paul’s (演讲) yesterday? 11．Dirty water is not allowed to pour into the river unless (处理). 12．I’ll p my ability through hard work and effort. 13．In (拥挤的) places like airports and railway stations. you must take care of your luggage. 14．Metal c (传导) electricity well. 15．Many people lost their lives in the b (战役) of Pingjin. 16．They closed the road in an a to reduce traffic in the city. 17．I wonder if you can keep me company to enjoy the fascinating l in the country? 18．Listen! These women are (评论) what the man is wearing. 19．I have a rich knowledge of winter sports, which will (证明) helpful in communicating with players. 20．At last, the prisoner failed to (逃跑) from the prison. 题型六、完成句子 1．当他的小妹妹突然弹奏出一首完美的钢琴曲时, 惊讶充斥了他的思绪。 When his little sister suddenly played a perfect piano piece, . 2．听到这个消息，他绝望地放下双手，愧疚如潮水般将他淹没。 Hearing the news, he threw down his hands in despair, and . 3．盯着那个承载着回忆的碎花瓶，她沉重地叹了口气。 Staring at the broken vase that held memories, . 4．因双亲早亡，他十几岁的时候就不得不独自谋生。 Since his parents died early, he had to when he was a teenager. 5．我们坚持海洋探索，是为了了解人类的起源。 The reason exploring the sea we want to know the origin of human beings. 6．让我们震惊的是他好像靠吃垃圾食品为生。(主语从句) is that junk food. 7．减少温室气体排放是《巴黎协定》的核心目标。 Reducing gas emissions is a core goal of the Paris Agreement. 8．滑铁卢战役是军事史上的著名战役。 The of Waterloo is a famous battle in military history. 9．事实证明，这对许多人的生活产生了积极影响。 It on the lives of many people. 10．不幸的是，塑料需要几个世纪才能分解。 Unfortunately, plastic takes centuries to . 11．因为他那时对我那般友善关心，我崩溃哭了起来。 Because he was being so kind and concerned, I and cried. 12．大风暴是一场灾难，许多动物因此面临灭绝。 The big storm was a , and many animals are now facing because of it. 13．不好意思告诉你，我快没精力了。我要休息一会。 I am sorry to tell you that my energy is . I want a break. 14．旧事物让位于新事物的时代已经到来，在走向未来的过程中，我们不可能将过去的一切都保存下来。(定语从句) There comes a time the old must 　 　 the new, and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future. 15．委员会成立了，以减少对埃及建筑的破坏和防止文物的损失。 A committee was established to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and cultural relics. 16．我想采访杨利伟的原因是他对中国的发展做出了巨大贡献。(定语从句；表语从句) Yang Liwei is the development of China. 17．在一个往往以瘦为美的社会里，青少年有时会借助极端的方法来快速减肥。 In a society being thin is often seen as being beautiful, teenagers sometimes methods to quickly. 18．适当地使用肢体语言可以帮助你打破沟通障碍。 body language appropriately can help you communication barriers. 19．慢慢地，这座城市又焕发出生机。 Slowly, the city began . 20．从汤姆的慷慨判断，他很有可能从之前的经济损失中恢复过来了。 from his , Tom is very to have from the previous financial . 题型一、语篇语法填空 （24-25高一下·河南南阳·阶段练习）Much natural beauty appears on the screen recently. When you first set eyes on Zhangjiajie National Forest Park in Hunan Province, it’s certainly not difficult 1 (see) how filmmaker James Cameron was able to draw 2 (inspire) from it. This breathtaking natural place seems to have come straight out of the silver screen. There are many strange rock formations that look like tall pillars (柱子). Among them, a particularly remarkable pillar, 3 reaches a height of 1,080 meters, has even been renamed “Avatar Hallelujah Mountain”, forever 4 (link) this earthly paradise (天堂) with the fictional world of Avatar. Zhangjiajie National Forest Park is a destination that rewards those who make the journey. Apart from its many natural wonders, it enjoys 5 number of new man-made attractions. The first is the Bailong Elevator. The Bailong Elevator, 6 (design) to address the traffic problem and reduce damage to the natural environment, was launched in 1999. Elevating groups of up to 50people 326 meters skyward in less than two minutes, it’s an impressive structure and one that offers 7 (amaze) views all the way. Also notable is the Grand Canyon Glass Bridge. It has held the distinction of being the world’s highest and longest pedestrian bridge since it 8 (complete). It’s definitely not an attraction that’s recommended for people lacking courage 9 one of the best destinations for those who are looking to add a little adventure 10 their day. 题型二、读后续写 [湖北荆州八县（市、区）2024高一期末联考] 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I have a passion for fishing and animal protection, which can date back to my childhood. When I was young, my father was a fish and wildlife officer, so he travelled all over the province in the spring and fall. He loved his job, especially the part where he protected nature from humans. He’d taught me to fish alone, in silence, lost in my own thoughts. I still remembered that special day. Midweek, even in late August, no one was around. Police Outpost Lake is as far as you can go and still be in Canada. Songbirds, ducks, and Canada geese glided （滑翔） by in the breeze, touching down briefly on the surface of the water before flapping and quacking on their way back up into the sky, passing in front of the sun, temporarily blocking its warming rays. “How can I get the fish with these birds making noise?” I complained, a rod （鱼竿） in my hand. “Be patient, Jacob. Birds won’t disturb you.” Out of the corner of my eyes, I suddenly caught a glimpse of a few great northern loons （潜鸟） staying together not far from the shoreline. Dad once told me loons usually travel alone, but here were five of them in a group. Maybe it was a family? One loon, making odd sounds, swam away from the group, towards me. This is unusual. “Dad! Come here! Take a look at this loon!” Hearing this, Dad laid his rod down on the dirty sand, walking quickly towards me. The loon rested in the shallow water near shore, not ten feet away from us. It was so close we could see its red eyes. “Look at that beak （喙）!” I said. “It could easily hurt us to death with that thing! It could tear our faces! Blind our eyes!” Walking into the water, getting closer to the loon, we both saw thin wire wrapped around its neck. Fishing line maybe? Was there a hook （鱼钩） on the line, too? Was the loon asking us for help? 注意：续写词数应为150个左右。 Reaching down, I touched its feather, my heart racing. ___________________ ____ __ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ “Hurry, Dad! I can’t hold this bird forever, you know!” I said. __________________ ______ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ $$Unit 5 Human and Nature 重难词汇精练 词汇夯基·专项突破 1 题型一、词性转换 1 题型二、核心短语 1 题型三、一词多义 3 题型四、单句语法填空 4 题型五、单词拼写 4 题型六、完成句子 13 综合攻坚·能力跃升 13 题型一、语篇语法填空 16 题型二、读后续写 16 题型一、词性转换 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1． 2． 3． 4． 5． 【答案】1．situation 2．exploration 3．darkness 4．hopeless 5．cheerful 【解析】1．考查名词。动词situate的名词形式为situation，故填situation。 2．考查名词。动词explore的名词形式为exploration，故填exploration。 3．考查名词。形容词dark的名词形式为darkness，故填darkness。 4．考查形容词。名词hope的形容词形式为hopeless，故填hopeless。 5．考查形容词。动词cheer的形容词形式为cheerful，故填cheerful。 6． n.探险者；勘察者→ v.探测；探险→ n.探险；探索 7． n.准备，预备→ v.预备；准备 8． n.大本营，基地；基础→ adj.基本的；基础的 9． n.雄心；抱负；追求，夙愿→ adj.有雄心的；有抱负的→ adv.雄心勃勃地 10． adj.久远的；遥远的→ n.距离；路程 11． n.真诚；诚实，正直→ adj.诚实的；正直的；坦率的→ adv.诚实地 12． n.真诚，真挚，诚实→ adj.真诚的；诚实的；诚恳的→ adv.真诚地；诚实地 13． n.勇气；勇敢的行为→ adj.勇敢的；无畏的→ adv.勇敢地，拼命地 14． n.独创性；创造力→ adj.原来的；起初的；最早的→ adv.原来；起初→ v.起源；发源 15． n.消亡；消失→ v.消失；不复存在；灭绝→ v.出现；呈现；显现 【答案】 6． explorer explore exploration 7． preparation prepare 8． base basic 9． ambition ambitious ambitiously 10． distant distance 11． honesty honest honestly 12． sincerity sincere sincerely 13． bravery brave bravely 14． originality original originally originate 15． disappearance disappear appear 【解析】6．名词“探险者；勘察者”应为explorer，其动词“探测；探险”为explore，其名词“探险；探索”为exploration。故填①explorer②explore③exploration。 7．名词“准备，预备”应为preparation，其动词“预备；准备”应为prepare。故填①preparation②prepare。 8．名词“大本营，基地；基础”应为base，其形容词“基本的；基础的”应为basic。故填①base②basic。 9．名词“雄心；抱负；追求，夙愿”应为ambition，其形容词“有雄心的；有抱负的”应为ambitious，其副词“雄心勃勃地”应为ambitiously。故填①ambition②ambitious③ambitiously。 10．形容词“久远的；遥远的”应为distant，其名词“距离；路程”应为distance。故填①distant②distance。 11．名词“真诚；诚实，正直”应为honesty，其形容词“诚实的；正直的；坦率的”应为honest，其副词“诚实地”应为honestly。故填①honesty②honest③honestly。 12．名词“真诚，真挚，诚实”应为sincerity，其形容词“真诚的；诚实的；诚恳的”应为sincere，其副词“真诚地；诚实地”应为sincerely。故填①sincerity②sincere③sincerely。 13．名词“勇气；勇敢的行为”应为bravery，其形容词“勇敢的；无畏的”应为brave，其副词“勇敢地，拼命地”应为bravely。故填①bravery②brave③bravely。 14．名词“独创性；创造力”应为originality，其形容词“原来的；起初的；最早的”应为original，其副词“原来；起初”应为originally，其动词“起源；发源”应为originate。故填①originality②original③originally④originate。 15．名词“消亡；消失”应为disappearance，其动词“消失；不复存在；灭绝”应为disappear，其动词的反义词“出现；呈现；显现”应为appear。故填①disappearance②disappear③appear。 题型二、核心短语 1.natural disasters 2.rescue operations overseas   3.a battle against 4.knock on 5.wait anxiously for 6.ahead of the planned schedule 7.on one’s way back 8.in the distant past 9.all at once 10.in the direction of 11.at great speed 12.equal extent 13.be shaped like 14.pull...into... 15.pick up 16. 吸气 17. 用完;耗尽 18. 停止运转,出故障 19. 对……好奇 20. 对……置之不理,对……撒手不管 21. 在……边缘;某事快要发生(尤指不好的事) 【答案】 1.自然灾害 2.海外救援行动 3.和……的斗争 4.敲打 5.焦急地等待 6.比计划时间提前 7.在某人回去的路上 8.在遥远的过去 9.突然间 10.朝着……的方向 11.以很快的速度 12.同样面积 13.形状像…… 14.把……拖进…… 15.接载 16.breathe in 17.run out 18.break down 19.be curious about 20.turn one’s back (on sb/sth) 21.on the edge of 题型三、一词多义 living 1. They are trying to study how living things work. 词性:　　　　 词义:　　　　  2.It was very difficult for them to make a living in London at first. 词性:　　　　 词义:　　　　  crowd 3.His friends crowded into his room and sang “Happy Birthday”. 词性:　　　　 词义:　　　　  4.Crowds of people rushed into his office and applied for the job. 词性:　　　　 词义:　　　　  conduct 5.In order to learn about students’ favorite sport, Tom conducted a survey. 词性:　　　　词义:　　　　  6.He conducted the band skillfully last week and won the praise of the audience. 词性:　　　　词义:　　　　  observe 7.Many people begin to observe the birds. 词性:　　　　 词义:　　　　  8. They observe the Dragon Boat Festival every year. 词性:　　　　 词义:　　　　  9.Every citizen should observe the law. 词性:　　　　 词义:　　　　  【答案】 1.形容词;活的　句意:他们正在努力研究生物功能。living things生物。 2.名词;生计　句意: 起初对他们而言在伦敦谋生太难了。 3.动词;大批涌入(狭小的空间)　句意:他的朋友涌进他的房间,唱“祝你生日快乐”。 4.名词;人群　句意:成群的人冲进他的办公室,申请那份工作。 5.动词;进行,实施　句意:为了了解学生们最喜欢的运动,汤姆进行了一次调查。 6.动词;指挥　句意:上周他熟练地指挥乐团,赢得了观众的称赞。 7.动词;观察　句意:许多人开始观察鸟类。 8.动词;庆祝　句意:他们每年都会庆祝端午节。 9.动词;遵守　句意:每个公民都应该遵守法律。 题型四、单句语法填空 1．I will never forget the day I met you. 【答案】when 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我永远不会忘记遇见你的那一天。本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是the day，关系词代替先行词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导。故填when。 2．We live in a digital culture information spreads at an astonishing speed. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们生活在这样一个数字化的环境中，信息的传播速度之快令人惊叹。空处引导定语从句，先行词culture，在从句作地点状语，需用关系副词where引导。故填where。 3．The (damage) bridge will be repaired in three years. 【答案】damaged 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：那座受损的桥将在三年内修复。空处作修饰bridge的定语，damage“损坏”和bridge逻辑上是动宾关系，因此用damage的过去分词形式，表示“受损的桥”。故填damaged。 4．My parents like to live in a town there is plenty of sunshine. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句引导词。句意：我的父母喜欢住在一个阳光充足的小镇。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词为town，在从句中作地点状语，即“在这个小镇里有充足阳光”，所以应用关系副词where引导该从句。故填where。 5．This thing has come to a stage I am unable to deal with it by myself. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这件事已经发展到一个我无法独自处理它的阶段了。分析句子结构，“This thing has come to a stage”为主句，后面部分为定语从句，用于修饰先行词stage，在定语从句“I am unable to deal with it by myself”中，先行词stage在从句里作地点状语，相当于“in this stage”，当定语从句中先行词在从句中作地点状语时，要用关系副词where来引导从句。故填where。 6．Is there a shop nearby I can buy some sweets? 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：附近有没有一家我可以买糖果的商店？分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词为shop，在从句中作地点状语，即“在这家商店里我可以买糖果”，所以应用关系副词where引导该从句。故填where。 7．Could you give me the reason you are always late for handing in your homework? 【答案】why 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你能告诉我你交作业总是迟到的原因吗？空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词reason，先行词在从句中表示行为发生的原因，作原因状语，应用关系副词why作引导词。故填why。 8．A dilemma is a situation you have to choose between two equally unpleasant options. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：“困境”指的是这样一种情况：你必须在两个同样令人不快的选择中做出抉择。定语从句修饰先行词situation，在从句作地点状语，故填where。 9．We found ourselves (shock) by the beauty of the mountain village. 【答案】shocked 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们发现自己被这个山村的美丽所震撼。本句谓语为found，此处为非谓语动词，作宾语补足语。宾语ourselves与shock“使震惊”为被动关系，应用过去分词。故填shocked。 10．Modern DNA testing proved. that the elderly gentleman was indeed a direct (descend) of the royal family. 【答案】descendant 【详解】考查名词。句意：现代 DNA 检测证明，这位年长的绅士确实是皇室的直系后裔。空白处在句子中做表语表示内容，且空白处前有不定冠词a和形容词direct修饰，应填名词单数形式。结合句意“后裔”可知，所给词 descend的名词形式为descendant。故填descendant。 11．Your (boot) are covered in mud. 【答案】boots 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：你的靴子上沾满了泥。本空作主语，根据谓语动词are可知，主语为复数，boot“靴子”是可数名词，复数形式为boots。故填boots。 12．People can enter a parallel world they can change identity and forger the troubles of everyday life in “READY PLAYER ONE”, a science-fiction novel set in 2045. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在科幻小说《玩家一号》（以 2045 年为背景）中，人们可以进入一个平行世界，在这个世界里，他们可以改变身份，忘却日常生活中的烦恼。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词 a parallel world，在定语从句中作地点状语，需用关系副词where引导。故填where。 13．In a word, we have now reached a point we wish to enjoy and understand literature. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：总之，我们现在已经到了一个我们希望享受和理解文学的阶段。“we wish to enjoy and understand literature”是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a point，这里的point意为“阶段、程度”，表示抽象的地点，关系词将其代入从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导从句。故填where。 14．A number of people were (trap) in the burning building when the fire broke out. 【答案】trapped 【详解】考查语态。句意：火灾发生时，许多人被困在着火的大楼里。A number of people与trap为被动关系，本句为一般过去时的被动语态。故填trapped。 15．The research they had been devoted to (prove) to be a groundbreaking discovery, which amazed the whole society.   【答案】proved 【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：他们一直致力于的研究被证明是一项具有开创性的发现，这震惊了整个社会。分析句子结构可知，“they had been devoted to”是省略关系代词的限制性定语从句，而prove(证明是，结果是)是主句谓语动词，与主语The research之间是主动关系，描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时态proved。故填proved。 16．The doctor is performing an (operate) on the patient’s knees. 【答案】operation 【详解】考查名词。句意：医生正在给病人的膝盖做手术。空处作performing的宾语，名词operation符合题意，意为“手术”，结合“an”可知，operation用单数形式。故填operation。 17．The mechanic used a wrench to (measure) the torque. 【答案】measure 【详解】考查动词。句意：机械师用扳手测量扭矩。此处为短语use sth. to do sth.表示“用某物做某事”，measure为动词“测量”。故填measure。 18．While (process) the data, she realized there were several errors that needed immediate attention. 【答案】processing 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：在处理数据时，她意识到有几个错误需要立即注意。根据所给动词process和空格前的连词while可知，此处考查状语从句的省略，while引导的完整从句是while she was processing the data，从句的主语和主句的主语一致且从中有be动词was，符合状语从句省略的条件，可以省略从句的主语和be动词。故填processing。 19．Last weekend witnessed an activity, through which not only did we admire the beauty of plants in the park, but also we learned about the environment they grow. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：上周末见证了一个活动，通过这个活动，我们不仅欣赏了公园里植物的美丽，而且还了解了它们生长的环境。此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是environment，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 20．Twenty miners (trap) underground, but soon they were rescued. 【答案】were trapped 【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：20名矿工被困在地下，但很快他们就获救了。主语miners和trap是被动关系，结合were可知此处使用一般过去时的被动语态，主语表示复数意义，be动词使用were，故填were trapped。 21．The boy narrowly (escape) being killed in the traffic accident that took place the other day. 【答案】escaped 【详解】考查时态。句意：那男孩在前几天发生的交通事故中险些丧命。根据后文从句谓语took可知，事情已发生，主句谓语动词escape为一般过去时。故填escaped。 22．We should take (measure) to protect endangered animals. 【答案】measures 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：我们应该采取措施保护濒危动物。measure是可数名词，前面无限定词，应用复数形式表示泛指，故填measures。 23．The occasion we celebrate the Spring Festival is always full of joy and warmth. 【答案】when 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们庆祝春节的时刻总是充满欢乐和温暖。此处为关系词引导的定语从句，从句中不缺主语和宾语，所以此处使用关系副词，先行词the occasion，指的是时间，所以此处使用关系副词when。故填when。 24．The streets were (crowd) with tourists eager to explore the city’s landmarks. 【答案】crowded 【详解】考查形容词。句意：街道上挤满了渴望探索城市地标的游客。此处作表语，应用形容词crowded“拥挤的”。故填crowded。 25．A committee was established to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and prevent the (lose) of cultural relics. 【答案】loss 【详解】考查名词。句意：成立了一个委员会，以限制对埃及建筑的破坏，防止文物损失。分析句子可知，此空应填名词作宾语，loss，表“损失”，为不可数名词，符合句意。故填loss。 26．First, his two sledges (break) down and then the horses began to have serious difficulties with the snow and the cold. 【答案】broke 【详解】考查时态。句意：首先，他的两辆雪橇坏了，然后马开始在雪和寒冷中遇到严重的困难。此处作谓语动词，主语为his two sledges，break down为不及物动词作谓语动词，且根据后文的began可知，此处应用过去时，故填broke。 27．The writer (survive) the whirlpool was unwilling to talk about the experience again. 【答案】surviving 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：从漩涡中幸存下来的那位作家不愿再谈论那次经历。空白处在句子中作后置定语修饰The writer，writer与survive之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词形式surviving，故填surviving。 28．Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were (trap) and to bury the dead. 【答案】trapped 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：地震发生后不久，军队派了15万名士兵到唐山去挖出那些被困的人并埋葬死者。那些人是被困，句子用被动语态，空前有were，空格处用过去分词，构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填trapped。 29．It is a universal truth that a smile can break barriers. 【答案】down 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：微笑能打破障碍，这是一个普遍的真理。结合句意，此处表示“打破”为固定短语break down。故填down。 30．Thirty miners (trap) in the mine after yesterday’s explosion. 【答案】were trapped 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：昨天的爆炸后，30名矿工被困在矿井里。trap作本句谓语，和主语Thirty miners之间是被动关系，用被动语态，根据yesterday可知，用一般过去时。故填were trapped。 31．For better (observe) of wild birds, you need binoculars of high quality. 【答案】observation 【详解】考查名词。句意：为了更好地观察野生鸟类，你需要高质量的双筒望远镜。“better”是形容词比较级，介词for后接名词，“observation”是“observe”的名词形式，意为“观察”，“For better observation of...”表示“为了更好地观察……”。故填observation。 32．But after the (operate), Susan burst into tears for a different reason. 【答案】operation 【详解】考查名词。句意：但手术后，苏珊却因为另一个原因大哭起来。空处作after的宾语，空前有冠词the，名词operation符合题意，意为“手术”。故填operation。 33．The path we are walking now leads to the mountain. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们现在走的那条小路通向那座山。设空处引导定语从句，先行词the path，在定语从句中作地点状语，需用关系副词where引导。故填where。 34．The report says that many small businesses have failed in their first year of (operate) . 【答案】operation 【详解】考查名词。句意：报告称许多小企业在运营的第一年就失败了。设空处应填名词形式作介词of的宾语，故填operation。 35．Police are trying to establish the cause of (dead). 【答案】death 【详解】考查名词。句意：警方正试图确定死亡的原因。此处为名词作宾语，dead的名词为death意为“死亡”，为不可数名词。故填death。 36．Unlike the Wikipedia article the focus is on the history of the traditional dish, this article mainly introduces its medical value. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：维基百科上的文章重点介绍了这道传统菜肴的历史，而这篇文章主要介绍了它的医学价值。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，先行词article是抽象地点，因此空格处用where。故填where。 37．The mother, along with her two children (rescue) from the sinking boat yesterday. 【答案】was rescued 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：昨天，这位母亲和她的两个孩子从沉船中获救。动词rescue和主语之间是被动关系，根据时间状语yesterday可知，应用一般过去时的被动语态。along with连接两个或多个名词时，遵循“就远原则”，谓语动词的形式与along with前面的主语保持一致，主语为The mother，be动词用was，故填was rescued。 38．The tower (measure) 30 meters high was pulled down the other day. 【答案】measuring 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这座30米高的塔前几天被推倒了。句子已有谓语动词was pulled down，空处为非谓语动词，measure此处意为“有……长（或宽、高等）”，是系动词用法，与主语The tower构成主动关系，故需用现在分词作后置定语。故填measuring。 39．Of （equality）importance are good habits, useful skills and a positive attitude. 【答案】equal 【详解】考查形容词。句意：同样重要的是良好的习惯、有用的技能和积极的态度。分析句子可知，设空处应填形容词作定语，修饰名词importance，equality的形容词形式为equal. 故填equal. 40．The movie, (title) Echoes of the Past, explores the emotional journey of a young woman. 【答案】titled 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这部名为《 Echoes of the Past》的电影探索了一位年轻女性的情感之旅。The movie与title为被动关系，应用过去分词，作定语。故填titled。 题型五、单词拼写 1．The old house was covered in (灰尘) after years of being empty. 【答案】dust 【详解】考查名词。句意：这栋老房子空置多年，布满了灰尘。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为名词dust“灰尘”为不可数名词，作宾语，满足句意要求。故填dust。 2．We i (打断，中断) this programme to bring you an important news bulletin. 【答案】interrupt/nterrupt/interrupted/nterrupted 【详解】考查动词。句意：我们中断这个节目，为您播报一条重要新闻。此处为动词作谓语，根据汉语提示“打断，中断”及首字母“i”可知，应为动词interrupt，结合句意，句子既可以表示现在发生的动作，用一般现在时，主语We为复数，谓语用原形，也可以表示过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，谓语动词为interrupt的过去式interrupted。故填interrupt/interrupted。 3．He a (尝试，努力) to climb the steep mountain alone, but had to give up due to bad weather. 【答案】attempted/ttempted 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：他试图独自攀登那座陡峭的山，但由于天气恶劣不得不放弃。根据句意和首字母可知，“尝试，努力”为“attempt”在句中作谓语，由后半句had to可知事情发生在过去，要用一般过去时。故填attempted。 4．His family could not afford an o (手术), and the boy lived in shame. 【答案】operation/peration 【详解】考查名词。句意：他的家庭负担不起手术费用，男孩生活在耻辱中。结合首字母提示可知，“手术”应用名词operation，作afford的宾语，且空前有不定冠词an，operation应用单数形式。故填operation。 5．The teacher made sure all students received (同等的)attention and support in the classroom. 【答案】equal 【详解】考查形容词。句意：老师确保所有学生在课堂上都能得到同等的关注和支持。“同等的”为equal，作定语。故填equal。 6．He travelled alone the whole c of Africa from east to west. 【答案】continent/ontinent 【详解】考查名词。句意：他独自一人从东到西游历了整个非洲大陆。根据句意以及首字母提示可知，此处为名词continent“大陆”作宾语，用单数。故填continent。 7．The crew were (营救) safe and sound. 【答案】rescued 【详解】考查动词。句意：全体船员安全获救。根据汉语提示“营救”可知，此处应填动词rescue；主语The crew与动词rescue之间为被动关系，所以用过去分分词形式与were构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填rescued。 8．He suffered severe brain (损害) after an accident. 【答案】damage 【详解】考查名词。句意：他在一次事故后遭受了严重的脑损伤。根据汉语提示“损害”可知，此处为名词damage，作宾语，为不可数名词。故填damage。 9．More than a century past, the emperor’s death remains a (神秘事物). 【答案】mystery 【详解】考查名词。句意：一个多世纪过去了，天皇的死因仍然是个谜。空处应填名词单数作表语，表示“神秘事物”使用名词mystery。故填mystery。 10．Did you attend Mr Paul’s (演讲) yesterday? 【答案】lecture 【详解】考查名词。句意：你昨天参加保罗先生的演讲了吗？Mr Paul’s为名词所有格，后接名词作宾语，“演讲”为lecture。故填lecture。 11．Dirty water is not allowed to pour into the river unless (处理). 【答案】 processed 【详解】考查动词和状语从句的省略。句意：未经处理的污水是不允许排入河中的。根据汉语提示可知用动词process，unless引导的条件状语从句和主句主语一致，均为Dirty water，且Dirty water与process之间为被动关系，即unless dirty water is processed，从句和主句主语一致且从句中含有be动词，可以省略与Dirty water is，故用过去分词形式，故填processed。 12．I’ll p my ability through hard work and effort. 【答案】prove/rove 【详解】考查动词。句意：我将通过努力工作和付出努力来证明我的能力。根据首字母p可知，此处用动词prove“证明”，本空用动词原形，与will构成一般将来时。故填prove。 13．In (拥挤的) places like airports and railway stations. you must take care of your luggage. 【答案】crowded 【详解】考查形容词。句意：在像机场和火车站这样拥挤的地方，你必须照看好你的行李。根据汉语提示“拥挤的”可知，此处为形容词crowded，作前置定语，修饰名词places。故填crowded。 14．Metal c (传导) electricity well. 【答案】conducts/onducts 【详解】考查动词。句意：金属导电性能好。结合首字母提示可知，“传导”应用动词conduct，作谓语，且句子描述客观的科学事实，时态应用一般现在时，主语Metal是集合名词，conduct需用第三人称单数形式。故填conducts。 15．Many people lost their lives in the b (战役) of Pingjin. 【答案】battle/attle 【详解】考查名词。句意：许多人在平津战役中丧生。根据中文提示“战役”及首字母“b”可知，此处应为名词battle在句中作“in”的宾语，且此处特指“平津战役”，所以使用名词单数形式。故填battle。 16．They closed the road in an a to reduce traffic in the city. 【答案】attempt/ttempt 【详解】考查名词。句意：他们封闭了道路，试图减少城市交通流量。根据首字母“a”及语境，in an attempt to do sth. 为固定短语，意为“试图做某事”，符合语境。故填attempt。 17．I wonder if you can keep me company to enjoy the fascinating l in the country? 【答案】landscape/andscape 【详解】考查名词。句意：我想知道你是否可以陪我一起欣赏这个国家迷人的风景？根据单词首字母及句意“风景”及空前的enjoy the fascinating可知应填名词形式landscape，作宾语，故填landscape。 18．Listen! These women are (评论) what the man is wearing. 【答案】commenting 【详解】考查动词。句意：听!这些女士正在评论这个男士的穿着。空处和are构成谓语，“评论”应用动词comment，结合“Listen!”可知，时态为现在进行时，因此应填comment的现在分词形式。故填commenting。 19．I have a rich knowledge of winter sports, which will (证明) helpful in communicating with players. 【答案】prove 【详解】考查时态。句意：我有丰富的冬季运动知识，这将有助于与运动员沟通。will是助动词，后跟动词原形，句子时态是一般将来时，“证明”的动词是prove，故填prove。 20．At last, the prisoner failed to (逃跑) from the prison. 【答案】escape 【详解】考查动词。句意：最后，囚犯没能从监狱里逃出来。根据汉语提示“逃跑”可知，此处应填动词escape，fail to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“未能做某事”，故空处应填动词原形。故填escape。 题型六、完成句子 1．当他的小妹妹突然弹奏出一首完美的钢琴曲时, 惊讶充斥了他的思绪。 When his little sister suddenly played a perfect piano piece, . 【答案】astonishment flooded his thoughts 【详解】考查无灵主语。根据句意可知，本句缺主句，可用名词astonishment作主语表示“惊讶”，可用动词flood作谓语表示“充斥”，可用名词短语his thoughts表示“他的思绪”，根据时间状语从句可知动作已发生，本句使用一般过去时。故答案为astonishment flooded his thoughts。 2．听到这个消息，他绝望地放下双手，愧疚如潮水般将他淹没。 Hearing the news, he threw down his hands in despair, and . 【答案】guilt flooded over him like a tidal wave 【详解】考查动词和名词。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“愧疚”应用guilt ，在本句中作主语；表示“将……淹没”应用flood over，且这里时态应与前句保持一致用一般过去时；表示“他”应用him，作宾语；表示“如潮水般”应用like a tidal wave，为介词短语作状语。故填guilt flooded over him like a tidal wave。 3．盯着那个承载着回忆的碎花瓶，她沉重地叹了口气。 Staring at the broken vase that held memories, . 【答案】a heavy sigh escaped her lips 【详解】考查短语和时态。结合句意“她沉重地叹了口气”可翻译为a heavy sigh escape her lips，动作发生在过去用一般过去时，动词使用过去式形式。故填a heavy sigh escaped her lips。 4．因双亲早亡，他十几岁的时候就不得不独自谋生。 Since his parents died early, he had to when he was a teenager. 【答案】earn his own living 【详解】考查固定短语。根据句意可知，“独自谋生”为固定短语，可译为earn one’s own living，句中主语为he，所以one’s应改为his，had to后接动词原形。故填earn his own living。 5．我们坚持海洋探索，是为了了解人类的起源。 The reason exploring the sea we want to know the origin of human beings. 【答案】 why we insist on/persist in/ keep (on) /for our insisting/persisting on is that 【详解】考查定语从句、表语从句和短语。根据动词want以及句意可知此句陈述一般性事实，用一般现在时；表示“……的理由是……”可用句型为the reason why…is that…，why引导定语从句，that引导表语从句；第一空主语为we；表示“坚持……”可用insist on/persist in/ keep (on)；“……的理由”也可表述为the reason for，后跟名词/动名词作宾语，“我们坚持……”为our insisting/persisting on；第一空填why we insist on/persist in/ keep (on) 或for our insisting/persisting on；第二空填is that。故填why we insist on/persist in/ keep (on) /for our insisting/persisting on；②is that。 6．让我们震惊的是他好像靠吃垃圾食品为生。(主语从句) is that junk food. 【答案】 What shocks us he seems to live on 【详解】考查主语从句和动词短语。根据句中is可知，句子使用一般现在时，“让我们震惊的是”作整个句子的主句，“让……震惊”使用动词shock，后接宾语“我们”us，主语从句中缺少主语，表示“什么”，应用what引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语，位于句首，首字母大写，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式，即What shocks us；第二空，that后接表语从句，从句主语“他”he，“好像”seem to do sth.，主语是he，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式，“以……为生”live on，即he seems to live on。故填What shocks us；he seems to live on。 7．减少温室气体排放是《巴黎协定》的核心目标。 Reducing gas emissions is a core goal of the Paris Agreement. 【答案】greenhouse 【详解】考查名词。表示“温室”应用名词greenhouse，作定语，修饰名词emissions。故填greenhouse。 8．滑铁卢战役是军事史上的著名战役。 The of Waterloo is a famous battle in military history. 【答案】Battle 【详解】考查名词。此处表示“滑铁卢战役”为Battle of Waterloo为专有名词，作主语。故填Battle。 9．事实证明，这对许多人的生活产生了积极影响。 It on the lives of many people. 【答案】has proved to be a positive influence 【详解】考查时态和短语。表示“事实证明……”句型为it has proved to do sth.，表示过去的动作对现在的影响，用现在完成时；表示“对……产生了积极影响”短语为be a positive influence on。故填has proved to be a positive influence。 10．不幸的是，塑料需要几个世纪才能分解。 Unfortunately, plastic takes centuries to . 【答案】 break down 【详解】考查动词短语。表示“分解”短语为break down，此处为短语take time to do sth.，to为不定式符号，空处应填原形。故填break down。 11．因为他那时对我那般友善关心，我崩溃哭了起来。 Because he was being so kind and concerned, I and cried. 【答案】 broke down 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。中英文句子对比可知，空处应填“崩溃”，应用动词短语break down。根据“cried”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，描述过去发生的动作，break应用过去式形式broke。故填①broke；②down。 12．大风暴是一场灾难，许多动物因此面临灭绝。 The big storm was a , and many animals are now facing because of it. 【答案】 disaster extinction 【详解】考查名词。第一个空白处在句中作表语，应使用名词。根据汉语，表示“灾难”含义的名词是disaster，且前面有不定冠词a，所以此处用单数形式disaster。 第二个空白处在句中作动词facing的宾语，应使用名词。根据汉语提示，表示“灭绝”含义的名词是extinction，该词为不可数名词，使用单数。故填disaster；extinction。 13．不好意思告诉你，我快没精力了。我要休息一会。 I am sorry to tell you that my energy is . I want a break. 【答案】 running out 【详解】考查动词短语。对比中英文可知，空处表示“快没了”，可用动词短语run out表示“(精力)耗尽”，且根据“is”可知，时态应用现在进行时用于描述一种逐渐变化的状态。故填running out。 14．旧事物让位于新事物的时代已经到来，在走向未来的过程中，我们不可能将过去的一切都保存下来。(定语从句) There comes a time the old must 　 　 the new, and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future. 【答案】 when give way to 【详解】考查定语从句和固定搭配。第一空引导定语从句，修饰先行词time，且关系词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导，“让位于”为固定搭配give way to，情态动词must后应用动词原形，故填when；give；way；to。 15．委员会成立了，以减少对埃及建筑的破坏和防止文物的损失。 A committee was established to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and cultural relics. 【答案】 prevent the loss of 【详解】考查动词和名词。根据句意，此处表示“防止……的损失”，表示“防止”为prevent，与to limit为并列关系，所以此处使用动词原形prevent，表示“……的损失”为the loss of。故填①prevent②the③loss④of。 16．我想采访杨利伟的原因是他对中国的发展做出了巨大贡献。(定语从句；表语从句) Yang Liwei is the development of China. 【答案】 The reason why I want to interview that he has made great contributions to 【详解】考查定语从句和表语从句。根据句意可知，空1：此处意为“我想采访杨利伟的原因”，表达为the reason why I want to interview，此处why引导定语从句，修饰先行词The reason，why代替先行词在定语从句中作原因状语，且根据后文is可知，此处应用一般现在时，故填The reason why I want to interview；空2：此处意为“他已经对……做出了巨大贡献”，表达为that he has made great contributions to，此处that引导表语从句，从句中意为“他做出了巨大的贡献”，故此处暗含过去发生的动作对现在有影响，使用现在完成时，主语是he，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式，即that he has made great contributions to。故填①The reason why I want to interview，②that he has made great contributions to。 17．在一个往往以瘦为美的社会里，青少年有时会借助极端的方法来快速减肥。 In a society being thin is often seen as being beautiful, teenagers sometimes methods to quickly. 【答案】 where turn to extreme slim down 【详解】考查短语、时态和定语从句。句中先行词为society，在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导；“借助，寻求”用短语turn to；陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语teenagers是复数；turn用原形；“极端的”用形容词extreme，修饰methods；“减肥”用短语slim down，此处用不定式作目的状语，故填where; turn to extreme; slim down。 18．适当地使用肢体语言可以帮助你打破沟通障碍。 body language appropriately can help you communication barriers. 【答案】 Employing/Using (to) break down 【详解】考查动名词和动词短语。分析句子可知，表示“使用”可用employ或者use，为动词，在这里应用动名词形式作主语，且句首时首字母应大写；表示“打破”应用break down，为动词短语，而这里考查help sb (to) do，表“帮助某人做某事”，为固定搭配。故填Employing/Using；(to) break down。 19．慢慢地，这座城市又焕发出生机。 Slowly, the city began . 【答案】to breathe again 【详解】考查动词不定式。“又焕发出生机”翻译为breathe again，begin to do sth开始做某事。故填to breathe again。 20．从汤姆的慷慨判断，他很有可能从之前的经济损失中恢复过来了。 from his , Tom is very to have from the previous financial . 【答案】 Judging generosity likely recovered loss/ losses 【详解】考查固定搭配、名词、动词和形容词。“从……判断”可以用固定搭配judging from...表示，所以，第一个空格处填Judging；“慷慨”用名词generosity作介词from的宾语，所以，第二个空格处填generosity；“很有可能……”用be likely to do表示，所以第三个空格处填形容词likely作表语；“恢复”用动词recover，根据第四个空格前的have可知，应该用过去分词形式recovered；“损失”用名词loss，“之前的经济损失”可以指一次，用单数形式，也可以指多次，用复数形式losses。故填①Judging；②generosity；③likely；④recovered；⑤loss/ losses。 题型一、语篇语法填空 （24-25高一下·河南南阳·阶段练习）Much natural beauty appears on the screen recently. When you first set eyes on Zhangjiajie National Forest Park in Hunan Province, it’s certainly not difficult 1 (see) how filmmaker James Cameron was able to draw 2 (inspire) from it. This breathtaking natural place seems to have come straight out of the silver screen. There are many strange rock formations that look like tall pillars (柱子). Among them, a particularly remarkable pillar, 3 reaches a height of 1,080 meters, has even been renamed “Avatar Hallelujah Mountain”, forever 4 (link) this earthly paradise (天堂) with the fictional world of Avatar. Zhangjiajie National Forest Park is a destination that rewards those who make the journey. Apart from its many natural wonders, it enjoys 5 number of new man-made attractions. The first is the Bailong Elevator. The Bailong Elevator, 6 (design) to address the traffic problem and reduce damage to the natural environment, was launched in 1999. Elevating groups of up to 50people 326 meters skyward in less than two minutes, it’s an impressive structure and one that offers 7 (amaze) views all the way. Also notable is the Grand Canyon Glass Bridge. It has held the distinction of being the world’s highest and longest pedestrian bridge since it 8 (complete). It’s definitely not an attraction that’s recommended for people lacking courage 9 one of the best destinations for those who are looking to add a little adventure 10 their day. 【答案】 1．to see 2．inspiration 3．which 4．linking 5．a 6．designed 7．amazing 8．was completed 9．but 10．to 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了湖南省张家界国家森林公园这一自然美景及其人造景观。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：当你第一次看到湖南省的张家界国家森林公园时，不难看出电影制作人詹姆斯·卡梅隆是如何从中获得灵感的。根据句型“It is+adj.+to do sth.”可知，此处为不定式作真正主语。故填to see。 2．考查名词。句意：当你第一次看到湖南省的张家界国家森林公园时，不难看出电影制作人詹姆斯·卡梅隆是如何从中获得灵感的。此处为名词作宾语，inspire的名词为inspiration，意为“灵感”，draw inspiration from为固定短语，意为“从……获得灵感”，inspiration为不可数名词。故填inspiration。 3．考查定语从句。句意：其中，一根特别引人注目的柱子高达1080米，甚至被改名为“阿凡达哈利路亚山”，永远将这个人间天堂与阿凡达的虚构世界联系在一起。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为a particularly remarkable pillar，指物，在从句中作主语，故空格处应填关系代词which。故填which。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：其中，一根特别引人注目的柱子高达1080米，甚至被改名为“阿凡达哈利路亚山”，永远将这个人间天堂与阿凡达的虚构世界联系在一起。句中has been renamed为谓语动词，空格处为非谓语动词，逻辑主语为a particularly remarkable pillar，与link之间为主动关系，且表示伴随状态，故空格处应填现在分词。故填linking。 5．考查冠词。句意：除了众多的自然奇观外，这里还有许多新的人造景点。a number of为固定短语，意为“许多”，后跟可数名词复数。故填a。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：百龙天梯于1999年开通，旨在解决交通问题，减少对自然环境的破坏。句中was launched为谓语动词，空格处为非谓语动词，逻辑主语为The Bailong Elevator，与design之间为被动关系，故空格处应填过去分词作后置定语。故填designed。 7．考查形容词。句意：它能在不到两分钟的时间内将50人提升326米高，这是一个令人印象深刻的建筑，一路上都能欣赏到令人惊叹的景色。空格处修饰名词views，应用形容词amazing，意为“令人惊叹的”。故填amazing。 8．考查时态和语态。句意：自竣工以来，它一直是世界上最高、最长的步行桥。根据时间状语since引导时间状语从句，设空处使用谓语表示过去发生的动作，故使用一般过去时；主语it与complete之间为被动关系，故使用一般过去时被动语态。故填was completed。 9．考查连词。句意：它绝对不是为那些缺乏勇气的人推荐的景点，而是那些想在一天中增添一点冒险经历的人的最佳目的地之一。根据空格前后的内容可知，此处为“not…but…”结构，意为“不是……而是……”。故填but。 10．考查介词。句意：它绝对不是为那些缺乏勇气的人推荐的景点，而是那些想在一天中增添一点冒险经历的人的最佳目的地之一。add…to…为固定短语，意为“把……加到……”。故填to。 题型二、读后续写 [湖北荆州八县（市、区）2024高一期末联考] 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I have a passion for fishing and animal protection, which can date back to my childhood. When I was young, my father was a fish and wildlife officer, so he travelled all over the province in the spring and fall. He loved his job, especially the part where he protected nature from humans. He’d taught me to fish alone, in silence, lost in my own thoughts. I still remembered that special day. Midweek, even in late August, no one was around. Police Outpost Lake is as far as you can go and still be in Canada. Songbirds, ducks, and Canada geese glided （滑翔） by in the breeze, touching down briefly on the surface of the water before flapping and quacking on their way back up into the sky, passing in front of the sun, temporarily blocking its warming rays. “How can I get the fish with these birds making noise?” I complained, a rod （鱼竿） in my hand. “Be patient, Jacob. Birds won’t disturb you.” Out of the corner of my eyes, I suddenly caught a glimpse of a few great northern loons （潜鸟） staying together not far from the shoreline. Dad once told me loons usually travel alone, but here were five of them in a group. Maybe it was a family? One loon, making odd sounds, swam away from the group, towards me. This is unusual. “Dad! Come here! Take a look at this loon!” Hearing this, Dad laid his rod down on the dirty sand, walking quickly towards me. The loon rested in the shallow water near shore, not ten feet away from us. It was so close we could see its red eyes. “Look at that beak （喙）!” I said. “It could easily hurt us to death with that thing! It could tear our faces! Blind our eyes!” Walking into the water, getting closer to the loon, we both saw thin wire wrapped around its neck. Fishing line maybe? Was there a hook （鱼钩） on the line, too? Was the loon asking us for help? 注意：续写词数应为150个左右。 Reaching down, I touched its feather, my heart racing. ___________________ ____ __ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ “Hurry, Dad! I can’t hold this bird forever, you know!” I said. __________________ ______ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【参考范文】 Reaching down, I touched its feather, my heart racing. I could see there was a shiny red hook pierced in its body, and fishing line was wrapped tightly around its neck. I returned to the shore and came back with a tiny pair of scissors we used for snipping off the end of fishing line. “You have to hold it, Jacob. If it struggles, the hook would kill it.” When I bent down to pick up the loon, my hands were shaking, afraid that it might attack me with its beak. But the loon was silent and still. “Hurry, Dad! I can’t hold this bird forever, you know!” I said. Using the scissors, Dad cut away the fishing line from around the loon’s neck. Then, slowly but steadily, his fingers worked to loosen the hook from the bird’s flesh and finally he set the loon free. I patted the loon’s head, a gesture of gratitude that it hadn’t used its beak as a weapon. Never would I forget the scene, when that family of loons flapped and quickened their way back up into the sky. 【写作提示】 1.材料导读 材料大意 本文主要讲述了作者回想之前父亲教他钓鱼的情景。父亲曾是一名鱼类和野生动物保护官员且热爱他的工作。一天作者和父亲在湖边钓鱼时，作者抱怨小鸟发出的噪声让自己无法专心钓鱼，而父亲告诉作者要保持足够的耐心。这时作者突然瞥见几只潜鸟在离岸边不远的地方待在一起，这与父亲曾经告诉作者的潜鸟通常会单独行动的场景并不相同，正当作者疑惑时，其中一只潜鸟发出奇怪的声音，向作者的方向游过来，作者感到这很不寻常，便喊来父亲，当他们走进水中，靠近这只潜鸟时，发现潜鸟的脖子被细线缠着。 故事背景 作者和父亲在湖边钓鱼，遇到一只被细线缠住脖子的潜鸟，作者猜测这只潜鸟可能在向他们求救。 主要角色 作者、作者的父亲、遇险的潜鸟 写作顺序 时间顺序 需要解决的问题 作者如何克服自己对潜鸟的恐惧，跟父亲一起解救这只潜鸟。 续写第一段（提示句：我伸手摸到了它的羽毛，我的心怦怦直跳。） 根据材料中的信息可知，这只潜鸟的脖子上缠绕了细线，第一段提示句提到作者弯腰伸手去摸这只潜鸟，因此本段可以对细节进行展开，描写作者在潜鸟身上看到的东西、潜鸟受伤的情况。且结合第二段首句提示可知，本段还应写到作者和父亲想出救援办法并决定对潜鸟实施营救，可围绕营救的具体措施和作者的心理来展开。 续写第二段（提示句：“快点，爸爸！我没办法一直抱着这只鸟，你知道的！”我说。） 结合本段提示句可知，本段可以展开描写作者和父亲营救潜鸟的过程，并描写最后救援的结果、潜鸟与人的互动以及作者的心理变化。 续写线索 检查潜鸟的状况——确认救援的办法——作者忍着害怕与父亲一起解救潜鸟——潜鸟得救——作者松了一口气，潜鸟离开的场景令作者难忘 2.核心词汇 1　 significance n. 重要性，意义 2　 get… involved in 使……参加/加入 $$