第10讲 状语从句（专项训练）（上海专用）2026年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

第10讲 状语从句 目录 01 课标达标练 题型01 考查时间、地点、比较状语从句 题型02 考查原因、条件、方式状语从句 题型03 考查让步、结果、目的状语从句 02 核心突破练 题型01 语法填空 题型02 句子翻译（状语从句运用） 03 真题溯源练 考向01考查时间、地点、比较状语从句 1．Work hard young, or you’ll regret. (用适当的词填空) 2． he grew older, he became less active. (用适当的词填空) 3． watching TV, children do not merely absorb words and images. (用适当的词填空) 4．Jingdezhen has a fascinating and storied history, of which I knew little I had the opportunity to visit it recently. (用适当的词填空) 5．It will be several years the full impact of the recent technological advancements in artificial intelligence is fully understood. (用适当的词填空) 6．John thinks it won’t be long he is ready for his new job. (用适当的词填空) 7．No sooner had she took off the dark glasses I recognized her. (用适当的词填空) 8．The flowers grow best there is enough sunlight. (用适当的词填空) 9．He always parks his car he can see it from the window, just to make sure it’s safe. (用适当的词填空) 10．By starting, you get the juices flowing, allowing you to get more done you anticipated. （用适当的词填空） 考向02 考查原因、条件、方式状语从句 11．He thinks that students have signed up for minor subjects they have the energy and time to do so. (用适当的词填空) 12． we've set our mind on the goal, we must go through with the task.（用适当的词填空） 13． you’ve got a chance, you might as well make full use of it. A man cannot smile like a child.（用适当的词填空） 14． you have already known the truth, I don’t need to explain it again. (用适当的词填空) 15．He will never make progress in math he really wants to learn it. (用适当的词填空) 16．We will give you a good price you are thinking of buying it. (用适当的词填空) 17．Leave your kids they are and they will grow up healthily and brightly. (用适当的词填空) 18．The kids were very friendly with her and even looked up to her as she were their own mother. (用适当的词填空) 19．You will certainly succeed you keep on trying. (用适当的词填空) 20． a single word can change the meaning of a sentence, a single sentence can change the meaning of a paragraph. (用适当的词填空) 考向03 考查让步、结果、目的状语从句 21．The explosion rocked the lake with such a force dead fish immediately began to surface. (用适当的词填空) 22．Rainforests are being cut and burned at such a rate they could well disappear from the earth’s surface before the year 2050. (用适当的词填空) 23．Leave your key with a neighbor   you lock yourself out one day. (用适当的词填空) 24．Young he is, he has travelled to many countries. (用适当的词填空) 25．Ten years later, I still keep in touch with my classmates, I’ve never met them after graduation. (用适当的词填空) 26．They promised to finish the project by the end of this year, difficulty they might have. (用适当的词填空) 27．I’m going to the party or not you like it. (用适当的词填空) 28． you say, I won’t believe you any longer because you are always telling lies. (用适当的词填空) 29．To our surprise, much effort has been made, the cause of the accident has not been found out. (用适当的词填空) 30．Many companies are investing heavily in AI research there are still concerns about its potential misuse. (用适当的词填空) 31． global temperatures are stabilized, the frequency of extreme weather events will continue to rise. (用适当的词填空) 32．You have to let us struggle for ourselves, we must die in the process. (用适当的词填空) 33． wealthy he was, he never forgot his humble beginnings and was always ready to help others. (用适当的词填空) 34．Much the golden ball cactus prefers the sun, it tolerates temperatures of below zero degrees centigrade. (用适当的词填空) 35． reasons may be behind it, people’s attitudes toward left-handedness have changed a lot over the years. (用适当的词填空) 题型一 语法填空 【来源】2025届上海市建平中学高三下学期三模考试英语试题 The Silent Crisis of E-Waste Recycling In the narrow streets of the Indian city Mumbai’s Dharavi neighborhood, 34-year-old Rajesh spends his days taking apart old electronics — computers, phones, and televisions — that wealthier citizens throw away. The workshop where he works 1 (lack) proper airflow and is filled with circuit boards that contain harmful metals like lead and mercury. For over a decade, Rajesh 2 (breathe) in smoke from melted plastics and acids used to extract valuable metals. He is unaware of 3 harm these substances could do to his body. Studies show that e-waste, which accounts for 5% of global solid waste, is rarely recycled safely in developing countries. Although governments have introduced regulations, nearly 80% of thrown-away electronics end up in informal workshops like Rajesh’s. Experts warn that workers not provided protection 4 the metals face serious health problems. “The harmful substances they’re exposed to daily can damage kidneys, nervous systems, and in 5 (bad) cases, even cause cancer,” says Dr. Anika Patel, an environmental health researcher. Rajesh’s situation reflects a global imbalance. Wealthy nations, with consumer behavior 6 (drive) by a constant desire to upgrade devices, produce massive e-waste. In contrast, the burden (负担) of processing e-waste falls unfairly on communities lacking the resources to protect themselves. Many workers, whose families depend on this dangerous job, 7 (not) afford to quit. Efforts to address the crisis are slowly emerging. NGOs (Non-Governmental Organizations) have begun training workers like Rajesh on safer techniques and advised 8 (wear) gloves and masks, which they have distributed. However, progress is slowed by economic realities. “Recycling devices properly requires expensive machines,” Rajesh explains, “but no one wants to pay extra for 9 .” The issue extends beyond health. Soil and water near e-waste sites have been polluted, affecting millions who rely on these resources. 10 safer systems are valued above anything else, the cycle of harm — driven by inequality — will continue. 题型二 句子翻译（状语从句运用） 1．既然生活中压力不可避免，何不调整心态，积极应对？（why not）(汉译英) 2．家长嘱咐孩子别在河边嬉戏，以免遭遇不测。(for fear) （汉译英） 3．他忙于研究古典音乐，以至于时常废寝忘食。（So   occupy） 4．万一遇到紧急情况，你越惊慌失措生存的可能性越小 。(chance) (汉译英) 5．直到在车祸中死里逃生，他才意识到定期保养汽车的重要。(until) (汉译英) 6．展览中屹立的珍石，千姿百态，恰似上海的城市风貌。 （as…as）（汉译英） 7．就像那个小册子介绍的那样，这里的司机有礼让行人的习惯。（as) (汉译英) 8．即便人工智能正在引发各行各业的变革, 我们能否抵制对其的过度依赖仍有待进一步探索。（resist）（汉译英） 9．尽管饱受疲惫之苦，她仍时常伏案工作，并充满热忱地谈及博览群书和保持自律的重要性。 （suffer；occupy）（汉译英） 2023上海秋考 One day, a dispute arose in the kingdom, Two farmers were arguing about the ownership of a piece of land, They could not settle the matter themselves ( 24 )__________each claimed the land was theirs. The case was brought before King Mosi, who was known for his fair judgments. 2023上海春考 (22)__________ it developed slowly in its early years, the organization grew rapidly later. 2022年春考 And ( 27 )_________this happens. we see the beautiful lines or clouds of light of the aurora. 2021年秋考 (23)________ it is unfamiliar, health workers may not identify it or stop it from spreading. People with the disease may continue to have contact with others. In this way, the bacteria travel from person to person through the population. This was ( 24 )__________happened, for example, when soldiers travelled back home at the end of the First World War. 2021年春考 (22)_______ talented you've been in music it's still not easy to organize a band, but here's a quick guide to get you started: 2020年秋考 One of the earliest-known inventions is the bow and arrow, which is still used throughout the world today, 15,000 years (21)________ it was first invented. 2020年春考 (21)_________ it is more than just a game, the event could have a religious significance and featured in episodes of Mesoamerican mythology. 2019年秋考 The baby turtles started their journey towards the Bay of Bengal (22) __________ __________ __________ they emerged from their nest in the southern district of Ganjam, about 175 km from Bhubaneshwar. 2019年春考 In April of 1997, Jason went back to Rule Gallery with his new work. (29) ________ scared to death, he looked confident at the gallery meeting. 2018年秋考 Parents need to limit screen time for themselves and especially for their kids (30 )_________ __________it means playing the bad guy. Our mental and physical health depends on it. 2018年春考 (24) ______ ______ I have those hours back, I can focus on my own needs. 2017年秋考 Scientists think that animals companionship is beneficial 25__________ animals are accepting and attentive, and they don’t criticize or give orders. 2017年春考 But they changed the story 25___________they found the animal world especially interesting. 8 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 第10讲 状语从句 目录 01 课标达标练 题型01 考查时间、地点、比较状语从句 题型02 考查原因、条件、方式状语从句 题型03 考查让步、结果、目的状语从句 02 核心突破练 题型01 语法填空 题型02 句子翻译（状语从句运用） 03 真题溯源练 考向01考查时间、地点、比较状语从句 1．Work hard young, or you’ll regret. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】when 【详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：年轻时要努力工作，否则你会后悔的。这里需要一个引导词引导时间状语从句，表明努力工作的时间是在年轻的时候，when意为“当……时候”，从句省略you are，符合语境。故填when。 2． he grew older, he became less active. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】As 【详解】考查连词。句意：随着他年龄的增长，他变得不那么活跃了。表示“随着”，连词为as，引导时间状语从句，首字母大写。故填As。 3． watching TV, children do not merely absorb words and images. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】While 【详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：在看电视时，孩子们不仅仅是吸收文字和图像。此处需要一个从属连词和watching TV搭配，构成“从属连词+现在分词”的省略句，且句中强调“看电视的过程中”，因此用while“在……的时候”，突出持续状态，句首单词的首字母需大写。故填While。 4．Jingdezhen has a fascinating and storied history, of which I knew little I had the opportunity to visit it recently. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】until 【详解】考查连词。句意：景德镇有着迷人且富有传奇色彩的历史，我对它知之甚少，直到我最近有机会去参观它，。until表示“直到……才”，引导时间状语从句，符合句子逻辑，即去参观之前对其了解少。故填until。 5．It will be several years the full impact of the recent technological advancements in artificial intelligence is fully understood. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】before 【详解】考查固定句型和时间状语从句。句意：要过几年，人们才能完全理解人工智能近期技术进步的全部影响。分析句子可知，此处为固定句型“It will be + 一段时间 + before...”，意为“要过多久才……”，满足句意要求。before引导时间状语从句。故填before。 6．John thinks it won’t be long he is ready for his new job. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】before 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：约翰认为不久他就能为新工作做好准备了。此处为固定句型“it won’t be long before + 从句”，意为“不久之后就……”，其中before引导时间状语从句，表示“在…… 之前”。故填before。 7．No sooner had she took off the dark glasses I recognized her. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】than 【详解】考查状语从句固定句型。句意：她一摘下墨镜，我就认出她来了。no sooner...than...为固定句型，意为“一……就……”，no sooner后为主句，than后为时间状语从句。故填than。 8．The flowers grow best there is enough sunlight. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】where 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：花朵在有充足阳光的地方生长得最好。引导地点状语从句，表示“在……地方”用where。故填where。 9．He always parks his car he can see it from the window, just to make sure it’s safe. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】where 【详解】考查连接副词。句意：他总是把车停在他能从窗户看到的地方，只是为了确保安全。 he can see it from the window是地点状语从句，空格处应该填入一个连接词引导从句，且意义为“（在）……的地方”，所以应该用连接副词where。故填where。 10．By starting, you get the juices flowing, allowing you to get more done you anticipated. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】than 【详解】考查连词。句意：一开始，你就有了动力，让你做得比预期的更多。根据句意可知，此处应用than引导比较状语从句。故填than。 考向02 考查原因、条件、方式状语从句 11．He thinks that students have signed up for minor subjects they have the energy and time to do so. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】because 【详解】考查连词。句意：他认为，学生们报名参加辅修课程是因为他们有精力和时间这样做。此处表示“因为”，可用because引导原因状语从句，故填because。 12． we've set our mind on the goal, we must go through with the task.（用适当的词填空） 【答案】 Now that 【详解】考查原因状语从句。句意：既然我们已经确定了目标，就必须把任务进行到底。根据句意可知now that 的意思是“既然”，引导原因状语从句。置于句首，首字母大写。故答案为Now that。 13． you’ve got a chance, you might as well make full use of it. A man cannot smile like a child.（用适当的词填空） 【答案】 Now that 【详解】考查原因状语从句。句意：既然你有了一个机会，你不妨充分利用它。 一个人不能像孩子一样笑。根据句意可知，now that 的意思是“既然，由于”，在句中引导原因状语从句。故答案为Now that。 14． you have already known the truth, I don’t need to explain it again. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】Since 【详解】考查原因状语从句。句意：既然你已经知道了真相，我就不需要再解释了。此处引导原因状语从句，意为 “既然”，用since引导，位于句首，首字母大写。故填：Since。 15．He will never make progress in math he really wants to learn it. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】unless 【详解】考查条件状语从句。句意：除非他真的想学数学，否则他在数学上永远不会有进步。空处前后均为完整的句子，且“他真的想学数学”是“他在数学上永远不会有进步”成立的否定条件，因此用unless“除非”引导条件状语从句。故填unless。 16．We will give you a good price you are thinking of buying it. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】if 【详解】考查连词。句意：如果你正考虑购买它，我们会给你一个好价格。根据空前will give和空后are thinking可知，空处需填连词if，引导条件状语从句，表示“如果，假如”。故填if。 17．Leave your kids they are and they will grow up healthily and brightly. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】as 【详解】考查状语从句的引导词。句意：让孩子顺其自然地成长，他们会长大得健康又开朗。空处引导方式状语从句，表示“按照，以……的方式”应用as。故答案是as。 18．The kids were very friendly with her and even looked up to her as she were their own mother. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】if/though 【详解】考查方式状语从句。句意：孩子们和她非常友好，甚至把她当作自己的母亲一样尊敬。本空引导方式状语从句，表示“好像”，用as if/though。故填if/though。 19．You will certainly succeed you keep on trying. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】 as/so long as 【详解】考查条件状语从句引导词。句意：只要你继续努力，你一定会成功。分析可知，“_______ _______ _______ you keep on trying”为条件状语从句，结合语境可知，从句表达“只要你坚持努力”含义，用“as/so long as…(只要……)”引导。故填①as/so；②long；③as。 20． a single word can change the meaning of a sentence, a single sentence can change the meaning of a paragraph. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】As 【详解】考查方式状语从句。句意：就像一个单词可以改变一个句子的意思一样，一个句子也可以改变一个段落的意思。逗号前后均为完整的句子，结合所表述的内容可知，此处指前后情况类似，应用意为“如同，像……一样”的连词as引导方式状语从句，且句首单词的首字母应大写。故填As。 考向03 考查让步、结果、目的状语从句 21．The explosion rocked the lake with such a force dead fish immediately began to surface. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【详解】考查结果状语从句。句意：爆炸对湖面的震动如此之大，以至于死鱼立即浮出水面。根据“such a force”可知，此处应用such… that…“如此……以至于……”引导结果状语从句，表示某事物具有某种显著特征，从而引发特定结果。故填that。 22．Rainforests are being cut and burned at such a rate they could well disappear from the earth’s surface before the year 2050. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：热带雨林正以如此快的速度遭到砍伐和焚烧，以至于它们很可能在 2050 年之前从地球表面消失。引导结果状语从句，表“如此……以至于……”句型为such...that...。故填that。 23．Leave your key with a neighbor   you lock yourself out one day. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】 in case 【详解】考查目的状语从句。句意：把钥匙留给邻居，以防有一天你把自己锁在外面。此处为连词in case“以防万一”引导的目的状语从句，满足句意要求。故填①in；②case。 24．Young he is, he has travelled to many countries. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】as/though 【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管他很年轻，但他已经去过很多国家。此处为让步状语从句的倒装，“形容词 + as/though + 主语 + 系动词”结构，所以填as或though。故填as/though。 25．Ten years later, I still keep in touch with my classmates, I’ve never met them after graduation. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】though/although 【详解】考查连词。 句意：十年后我仍然和同学们保持联系，尽管毕业后我从未见过他们。分析句子逻辑关系，前半句说保持联系，后半句说毕业后从未见面，存在转折让步关系。though和although都有“尽管，虽然”的意思，引导让步状语从句。故填though/although。 26．They promised to finish the project by the end of this year, difficulty they might have. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whatever 【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：他们承诺在今年年底前完成这个项目，无论他们可能遇到什么困难。空处引导让步状语从句，结合句意，此处表达“无论什么”，且修饰名词difficulty，应用连接代词whatever。故填whatever。 27．I’m going to the party or not you like it. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whether 【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：不管你喜不喜欢，我都要去参加聚会。根据“or not you like it”可推知，此处用固定结构whether or not，引导让步状语从句，意为“无论是否”，句中表示“不管你喜不喜欢”。故填whether。 28． you say, I won’t believe you any longer because you are always telling lies. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】Whatever 【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论你说什么，我都不会再相信你了，因为你总是撒谎。此处为连词引导的状语从句，从句中缺少say的宾语，结合句意，此处表示“无论什么”应为连词whatever引导让步状语从句，相当于“no matter what”，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Whatever。 29．To our surprise, much effort has been made, the cause of the accident has not been found out. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】although/though 【详解】考查连词。句意：令我们惊讶的是，虽然已经付出了很多努力，但事故的原因还没有查明。空格处应填连词，结合句意可知，“much effort has been made”和“the cause of the accident has not been found out”之间为转折关系，所以应用although或though引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”。故填although/though。 30．Many companies are investing heavily in AI research there are still concerns about its potential misuse. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】 even if/though 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：许多公司在人工智能研究上投入了大量资金，即使仍然存在对其潜在滥用的担忧。结合前后文语境以及此处的两个空可知，此处应为even if或者even though引导的让步状语从句，意为“即使”符合逻辑。故填①even②if/though。 31． global temperatures are stabilized, the frequency of extreme weather events will continue to rise. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】While/Althoug/Though 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：虽然全球气温趋于稳定，但极端天气事件的频率将继续上升。引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”可用while、although或though，首字母大写。故填While/Althoug/Though。 32．You have to let us struggle for ourselves, we must die in the process. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】 even if/though 【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：你得让我们为自己拼搏，哪怕我们会在这个过程中死去。分析句子，结合句意可知，空格处引导让步状语从句，连接副词even if或even though，引导从句，意为“即使”，符合句意。故填even if或even though。 33． wealthy he was, he never forgot his humble beginnings and was always ready to help others. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】However 【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论他多么富有，他从来没有忘记自己卑微的开始，所以他总是乐于帮助别人。结合句意可知，此处指“无论他多么富有”，用however引导让步状语从句，首字母应大写。故填However。 34．Much the golden ball cactus prefers the sun, it tolerates temperatures of below zero degrees centigrade. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】as/though 【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然金球仙人掌喜欢阳光，但它能忍受摄氏零度以下的温度。根据句意可知，此处引导让步状语从句，且使用了部分倒装结构，应用as或though引导。故填as或though。 35． reasons may be behind it, people’s attitudes toward left-handedness have changed a lot over the years. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】No matter what/Whatever 【详解】考查连词。句意：不管背后的原因是什么，多年来人们对左撇子的态度发生了很大变化。根据句意可知，本句让步状语从句，修饰名词reasons，应用no matter what/whatever。故填No matter what/Whatever。 题型一 语法填空 【来源】2025届上海市建平中学高三下学期三模考试英语试题 The Silent Crisis of E-Waste Recycling In the narrow streets of the Indian city Mumbai’s Dharavi neighborhood, 34-year-old Rajesh spends his days taking apart old electronics — computers, phones, and televisions — that wealthier citizens throw away. The workshop where he works 1 (lack) proper airflow and is filled with circuit boards that contain harmful metals like lead and mercury. For over a decade, Rajesh 2 (breathe) in smoke from melted plastics and acids used to extract valuable metals. He is unaware of 3 harm these substances could do to his body. Studies show that e-waste, which accounts for 5% of global solid waste, is rarely recycled safely in developing countries. Although governments have introduced regulations, nearly 80% of thrown-away electronics end up in informal workshops like Rajesh’s. Experts warn that workers not provided protection 4 the metals face serious health problems. “The harmful substances they’re exposed to daily can damage kidneys, nervous systems, and in 5 (bad) cases, even cause cancer,” says Dr. Anika Patel, an environmental health researcher. Rajesh’s situation reflects a global imbalance. Wealthy nations, with consumer behavior 6 (drive) by a constant desire to upgrade devices, produce massive e-waste. In contrast, the burden (负担) of processing e-waste falls unfairly on communities lacking the resources to protect themselves. Many workers, whose families depend on this dangerous job, 7 (not) afford to quit. Efforts to address the crisis are slowly emerging. NGOs (Non-Governmental Organizations) have begun training workers like Rajesh on safer techniques and advised 8 (wear) gloves and masks, which they have distributed. However, progress is slowed by economic realities. “Recycling devices properly requires expensive machines,” Rajesh explains, “but no one wants to pay extra for 9 .” The issue extends beyond health. Soil and water near e-waste sites have been polluted, affecting millions who rely on these resources. 10 safer systems are valued above anything else, the cycle of harm — driven by inequality — will continue. 【答案】 1．lacks 2．has breathed/has been breathing 3．what 4．against/from 5．the worst 6．driven 7．cannot 8．wearing 9．it 10．Until/Before/Unless 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了电子垃圾回收过程中存在的无声危机及其对工人健康和环境的影响。 1．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：他工作的车间通风不畅，里面堆满了含有铅和汞等有害金属的电路板。本空为主句谓语，根据works可知，句子描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，主语The workshop是第三人称单数，谓语动词用lack“缺少”的第三人称单数形式。故填lacks。 2．考查动词时态。句意：十多年来，拉杰什一直在吸入用于提取贵金属的熔化塑料和酸产生的烟雾。根据For over a decade可知，breathe“呼吸”这一动作从过去持续到现在，可能仍在进行，用现在完成时或现在完成进行时，主语为Rajesh，谓语动词用单数，故填has breathed/has been breathing。 3．考查宾语从句。句意：他不知道这些物质会对他的身体造成什么伤害。空处引导宾语从句，从句中“________ harm”作could do的宾语，表示“什么样的伤害”，用连接代词what作定语。故填what。 4．考查介词。句意：专家警告说，没有得到金属防护的工人面临严重的健康问题。protection against/from sth.为固定搭配，表示“针对某物的防护”，故填against/from。 5．考查形容词最高级。句意：环境健康研究员Anika Patel博士表示：“他们每天接触的有害物质会损害肾脏和神经系统，在最严重的情况下甚至可能致癌。”根据此处表示 “在最糟糕的”情况下，用形容词最高级the worst最定语，修饰cases。故填the worst。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：富裕国家的消费者行为受不断升级设备的欲望驱动，产生了大量电子垃圾。句中已有谓语动词produce，空处作非谓语动词，“with consumer behavior ____ (drive) by a constant desire to upgrade devices”是with复合结构，consumer behavior和drive“驱动”之间是逻辑动宾关系，用过去分词作宾语补足语，表被动。故填driven。 7．考查情态动词。句意：许多工人的家庭依赖这份危险的工作，他们无法承担辞职的后果。根据afford to quit可知，此处表示“无法，不能”，用情态动词cannot。故填cannot。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：非政府组织已经开始培训像Rajesh这样的工人使用更安全的技术，并建议他们戴上手套和口罩，他们已经分发了这些手套和口罩。advise doing sth.是固定短语，意为“建议做某事”，本空用动词wear“戴着”的动名词，作宾语。故填wearing。 9．考查代词。句意：Rajesh解释说：“正确回收设备需要昂贵的机器，但没有人愿意为它支付额外费用。” 指代前文proper recycling这一行为，用it。故填it。 10．考查条件状语从句或时间状语从句。句意：除非更安全的系统被视为高于一切，否则由不平等驱动的伤害循环将继续。/在更安全的体系被置于首要地位之前，由不平等驱动的危害循环将持续下去。/直到更安全的体系被视为高于一切，否则由不平等驱动的危害循环将持续下去。置于句首，首字母大写；本空表示“除非”，引导条件状语从句，用Unless。或者表示“在……以前”用before，引导时间状语从句。或者表示“直到”用until，引导时间状语从句。故填Until/Before/Unless。 题型二 句子翻译（状语从句运用） 1．既然生活中压力不可避免，何不调整心态，积极应对？（why not）(汉译英) 【答案】Since stress in life is inevitable, why not adjust our mindset and face it positively? 【详解】考查固定句型。按照题目要求，“何不……”可以使用句型why not...；“既然”翻译为since，“生活中的压力”翻译为stress in life；“不可避免的”使用形容词inevitable；“调整心态”翻译为adjust our mindset，“积极应对”翻译为face it positively。句子陈述目前事实，应用一般现在时。故翻译为Since stress in life is inevitable, why not adjust our mindset and face it positively? 2．家长嘱咐孩子别在河边嬉戏，以免遭遇不测。(for fear) （汉译英） 【答案】Parents ask their kids not to play by the river for fear that something terrible might happen. 【详解】考查状语从句。根据“以免”可知，这里为主从复合句，应用for fear that...引导目的状语从句，故“以免遭遇不测”可译为for fear that something terrible might happen。主句中，陈述事实用一般现在时，主语“家长”可译为parents；“嘱咐”可译为ask，ask sb. (not) to do sth.表示“嘱咐某人（不）做某事”，不定式作宾补；“在河边嬉戏”可译为play by the river。故本句可翻译为：Parents ask their kids not to play by the river for fear that something terrible might happen. 3．他忙于研究古典音乐，以至于时常废寝忘食。（So   occupy） 【答案】So occupied was he in studying classical music that he often neglected his meals and sleep. So occupied is he in studying classical music that he often neglects his meals and sleep. 【详解】考查动词、名词和结果状语从句。分析句子可知，这里时态可用一般过去时表示过去情况或者用一般现在时表习惯性动词。表示“他”应用he，为主语；表示“忙于”应用be occupied in，为固定搭配；表示“研究古典音乐”应用studying classical music，动名词形式，作介词in后宾语；表示“(他)时常废寝忘食”应用he often neglected/neglects his meals and sleep；表示“以至于”应用so...that，引导结果状语从句，且按照要求，so放句首时，应用部分倒装形式。故翻译为So occupied was he in studying classical music that he often neglected his meals and sleep.或So occupied is he in studying classical music that he often neglects his meals and sleep. 4．万一遇到紧急情况，你越惊慌失措生存的可能性越小 。(chance) (汉译英) 【答案】In case of an emergency, the more panicked you are, the smaller the chance of survival will be. 【详解】考查短语、时态和固定结构。“万一”用短语in case of；“紧急情况”用名词emergency；“越……，越……”用固定结构“the+比较级，the+比较级”；“惊慌失措”用形容词panicked；“生存的可能性”翻译为the chance of survival。遵循主将从现原则，前面的条件句用一般现在时，后面的主句用一般将来时will be。故翻译为In case of an emergency, the more panicked you are, the smaller the chance of survival will be. 5．直到在车祸中死里逃生，他才意识到定期保养汽车的重要。(until) (汉译英) 【答案】He didn’t realize the importance of maintaining the car regularly until he narrowly escaped death in the car accident. 【详解】考查时态、时间状语从句、非谓语动词。表示“他”用he，作主语，句首单词，首字母大写。表示“直到……才……”用not...until...；表示“意识到”用realize，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，谓语用didn’t realize；表示“定期保养汽车的重要”用the importance of maintaining the car regularly，作didn’t realize的宾语，其中maintaining为动名词，作介词of的宾语。until引导时间状语从句中：用he作主语；表示“死里逃生”用narrowly escaped death，作谓语；表示“在车祸中”用in the car accident。故翻译为He didn’t realize the importance of maintaining the car regularly until he narrowly escaped death in the car accident. 6．展览中屹立的珍石，千姿百态，恰似上海的城市风貌。 （as…as）（汉译英） 【答案】The rare stones standing in the exhibition are as diverse in posture as the urban landscape of Shanghai. 【详解】考查固定句型和现在分词。根据句意，该句描述客观事实，使用一般现在时。表示“珍石”为rare stones，“展览中屹立的”为现在分词短语standing in the exhibition作后置定语修饰名词stones，所以表示“展览中屹立的珍石”为the rare stones standing in the exhibition，作主语，位于句首单词首字母需大写；谓语应为be动词，主语为名词复数形式，所以be动词为are；表示“恰似”使用as...as结构，表示“千姿百态”理解为“在姿态上多样”可译为diverse in posture，表示“恰似上海的城市风貌”为the urban landscape of Shanghai，即as后的比较对象，所以“恰似上海的城市风貌”可译为as diverse in posture as the urban landscape of Shanghai。故翻译为The rare stones standing in the exhibition are as diverse in posture as the urban landscape of Shanghai. 7．就像那个小册子介绍的那样，这里的司机有礼让行人的习惯。（as) (汉译英) 【答案】The drivers here are used to being polite to pedestrians as the brochure introduces. Or Divers here all have the habit of patiently waiting for pedestrians to go first as instructed in the booklet. 【详解】考查时态、定语从句和固定短语。结合语境应用一般现在时。根据汉语意思“礼让行人”可知短语为be polite to pedestrians/ patiently wait for pedestrians to go first；表示“习惯于做某事”可用be used to doing sth；表示“有……的习惯”可用have the habit of doing sth；所以“这里的司机有礼让行人的习惯”可译为The drivers here are used to being polite to pedestrians/Divers here all have the habit of patiently waiting for pedestrians to go first。表示“正如”可用as引导定语从句或方式状语从句，“就像那个小册子介绍的那样”可译为as the brochure introduces/as instructed in the booklet。故翻译为The drivers here are used to being polite to/giving way to/yielding to pedestrians as the brochure introduces. 或者Divers here all have the habit of patiently waiting for pedestrians to go first as instructed in the booklet。 8．即便人工智能正在引发各行各业的变革, 我们能否抵制对其的过度依赖仍有待进一步探索。（resist）（汉译英） 【答案】Even though artificial intelligence is triggering changes in all walks of life, it remains to be further explored whether we can resist excessive reliance on it. 【详解】考查连词及时态。“即便”使用Even though来引导让步状语从句，表明前后句之间的转折让步关系。“正在引发各行各业的变革”，说明动作正在进行，需用现在进行时，“引发”对应的英文单词是trigger，其现在分词形式为triggering ，“各行各业”常见英文表达为all walks of life，所以“即便人工智能正在引发各行各业的变革”翻译为Even though artificial intelligence is triggering changes in all walks of life。 “我们能否抵制对其的过度依赖仍有待进一步探索”，这里用it remains to be further explored，其中it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面whether引导的主语从句，这种结构符合英语表达习惯，避免句子头重脚轻。“抵制”英文表达为resist，“过度的”是excessive，“依赖”用reliance on，“我们能否抵制对其的过度依赖”就译为whether we can resist excessive reliance on it。 故整句译为Even though artificial intelligence is triggering changes in all walks of life, it remains to be further explored whether we can resist excessive reliance on it. 9．尽管饱受疲惫之苦，她仍时常伏案工作，并充满热忱地谈及博览群书和保持自律的重要性。 （suffer；occupy）（汉译英） 【答案】Although suffering from fatigue, she often occupied herself with desk work and spoke with considerable passion about the importance of reading extensively and staying disciplined. 【详解】考查让步状语从句、动词短语、非谓语动词和名词短语。根据句意以及句子结构可知，表示“尽管饱受疲惫之苦”可作让步状语，“她仍时常伏案工作，并充满热忱地谈及…… 的重要性”为主句。涉及到“suffer from”（遭受…… 之苦）和 “occupy oneself with sth.”（忙于某事）这两个短语的用法，以及非谓语动词作状语的知识。翻译“尽管饱受疲惫之苦”：“suffer from fatigue”表示“饱受疲惫之苦”。在句中作让步状语，因为句子主语“she”和“suffer from”之间是主动关系（即她遭受疲惫，是主动的动作），所以用现在分词形式“Although suffering from fatigue”。翻译“她仍时常伏案工作”：“occupy oneself with sth.”表示“忙于某事”，这里主语是 “she”，所以是“she occupied herself with desk - work”，“often”表示“时常”，放在实义动词“occupied”之前 。翻译“充满热忱地谈及博览群书和保持自律的重要性”：“speak about...”表示“谈及……”，“with considerable passion”表示“充满热忱地”，用来修饰“speak”这个动作。“the importance of...”表示“…… 的重要性”，“reading extensively”表示“博览群书”，“staying disciplined” 表示 “保持自律”，所以这部分翻译为spoke with considerable passion about the importance of reading extensively and staying disciplined。故翻译为Although suffering from fatigue, she often occupied herself with desk work and spoke with considerable passion about the importance of reading extensively and staying disciplined. 2023上海秋考 One day, a dispute arose in the kingdom, Two farmers were arguing about the ownership of a piece of land, They could not settle the matter themselves ( 24 )__________each claimed the land was theirs. The case was brought before King Mosi, who was known for his fair judgments. 【答案】 24.because 【解析】考查连词。分析句子结构可知，空格前是主调宾结构的简单句，空格后是含宾语从句的句子，因此这里需要填入一个连词。又根据上下文提及的They could notsettle the matter themselves 和 each claimed the land was theirs 可推知“他们自己无法解决这个问题是因为他们每个人都声称这块土地是他们的”，because表示原因，故此处填入because。 2023上海春考 (22)__________ it developed slowly in its early years, the organization grew rapidly later. 【答案】22. Although/Though/While 【解析】考查让步状语从句。"although/though/while"表示让步关系，引导让步状语从句，意为"尽管"。根据原文句子结构和语境判断。 2022年春考 And ( 27 )_________this happens. we see the beautiful lines or clouds of light of the aurora. 27.when/as [解析]考查时间状语从句。本段一开始提到“Why does the aurora happen? (为什么会发生极光?)”，可知本段解释了极光是如何发生的，那么此处说的应是“当这种情况发生时，我们就会看到美丽的极光线或云”，这是一个时间状语从句,故填入“when/as”。句意:当这种情况发生时，我们就会看到美丽的极光线或云。 2021年秋考 (23)________ it is unfamiliar, health workers may not identify it or stop it from spreading. People with the disease may continue to have contact with others. In this way, the bacteria travel from person to person through the population. This was ( 24 )__________happened, for example, when soldiers travelled back home at the end of the First World War. 23.Because/ Since/ As 【解析】考查原因状语从句。结合下文可知，该句下文讲述的是相关结果，即推知前文在讲述原因。再结合句子结构分析，该空所在句子结构完整，且与主句用逗号隔开，即此处为状语从句，故此处填入 Because/ Since/As 引导原因状语从句。 24.what 【解析】考查表语从句。根据句子结构分析，此处为表语从句，且该空在从句中做主语。再结合下文例子，此处在讲述某件事，因此可确定此处考查固定搭配 what happened， 故此处填入 what。 2021年春考 (22)_______ talented you've been in music it's still not easy to organize a band, but here's a quick guide to get you started: 22. However 22. 考查让步状语从句。这是一个并列复合句。首先是but引导的并列句进行语意转折。然后判定前面也是句子，但是前面是两个句子，这两个句子需要用一个连词引导起来。根据句意：“即使你天生才华横溢，组织一支乐队仍然不是件容易的事，但这里有一个让你开始的快速指南……”，因此这里需要用到让步类的连词符合句意。注意此题在原文基础上有调整将原来的even if/though引导的从句换成However从句，虽然都是让步状语从句，但是有异曲同工之妙。此题错误率比较高，很多同学没有通过上下语境理解这个句子，只从本句去理解填写连词，造成不必要的失分。 2020年秋考 One of the earliest-known inventions is the bow and arrow, which is still used throughout the world today, 15,000 years (21)________ it was first invented. 2l.after [解析]考查时间状语从句，bow and arrow n. (一副)箭，句意为:号和简是最早的发明之一，在它被发明的 15000 多年后的今天仍然被使用。after + 一段时间，引导时间状语从句，“在多久以后”。 2020年春考 (21)_________ it is more than just a game, the event could have a religious significance and featured in episodes of Mesoamerican mythology. 21. Although/ Though/ While 【解析】考查状语从句。本空引导状语从句the event is more than just a game，主句为it could have a religious significance and featured in episodes of Mesoamerican mythology，前后为让步关系。句意：虽然这不仅仅只是一场游戏，它可能具有宗教意义，并成为中美洲神话故事的特色。 2019年秋考 The baby turtles started their journey towards the Bay of Bengal (22) __________ __________ __________ they emerged from their nest in the southern district of Ganjam, about 175 km from Bhubaneshwar. 22.as soon as ( the moment/instant/minute when or so/as long as [解析]考查状语从句。根据句意:“小海龟们一从南部的根贾姆的巢穴中出来就开始了他们前往孟加拉湾的旅程。根贾姆距离巴布内斯瓦尔大约 175 公里。由此句意和结构分析可知，此处缺少引导状语从句的引导词，可以用时间状语从句或者条件状语从句的引导词。故用as soon as或 the moment/instant/minute when或 so/as long as 都可以。 2019年春考 In April of 1997, Jason went back to Rule Gallery with his new work. (29) ________ scared to death, he looked confident at the gallery meeting. 29. Although 【29题详解】 考查状语从句。句意：尽管害怕的要死，但是在展览会上看起来信心满满。分析句子可知，前后句属于转折让步关系，故用连词Although。 2018年秋考 Parents need to limit screen time for themselves and especially for their kids (30 )_________ __________it means playing the bad guy. Our mental and physical health depends on it. 30.even if/though [解析]考查让步状语从句。Parents need to limit screen time for themselves and especially for their kids - even if it means playing the bad guy. 2需要限制他们自己，特别是他们的孩子的屏幕时间，即使这意味着他们要扮演坏人。 2018年春考 (24) ______ ______ I have those hours back, I can focus on my own needs. 24. now that [解析]考查状语从句。此句需要一个连接词将前后两个句子连控起来，因为这个句子之间是逗号，所有缺少连词。根据句意:既然我能够让那些时间倒回，我就可以专注于自己的需求。因此正确答案为 Now that。 2017年秋考 Scientists think that animals companionship is beneficial 25__________ animals are accepting and attentive, and they don’t criticize or give orders. 25. because/as/ since [解析]考查状语从句与连词。 Scientists think that animals companionship is beneficial because animals are accepting and attentive科学家认为动物陪伴是有益的因为动物接受和关注。前后两句之间为因果关系。 2017年春考 But they changed the story 25___________they found the animal world especially interesting. 25. because/when/after/since/as [解析]考查原因状语从句。But they changed the story because they found the animal world especially interesting.但他们将改变了故事，因为他们发现动物世界特别有趣。 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$