UNIT 2 Section Ⅲ Writing workshop, Viewing workshop（Word练习）-【优化指导】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册（北师大版2019）

课时作业(7)　A卷　基础巩固 [对应学生用书P171] Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．The famous film star made no response(respond) to the questions asked by the reporters. 2．She took advantage of the children's absence to tidy their rooms. 3．They defended themselves against being attacked (attack). 4．The schools must adopt (adoption) new methods of teaching foreign languages. 5．Scientists are still working on/at inventing methods of reaching outer space. 6．You must keep these points in mind while setting (set) your goals. 7．It was so interesting a film that I saw it twice. 8．I used to take (take) work home，but I don't do it any more. 9．He caught up with the parade and walked behind. 10．The election was held six months ahead of schedule. Ⅱ.完成句子 1．He went out for a walk，while I stayed at home． 他出去散步了，而我却待在家里。 2．Send me a letter as soon as you arrive so that I won't worry． 到了就来信，省得我挂念。 3．Finally we arrived at what used to be a battlefield． 最终我们到了过去曾经是战场的地方。 4．The idea presented by Peter is much simpler. 彼得提出的想法要简单得多。 5．I like your methods of teaching and I shall adopt them in my class. 我喜欢你的教学方法，我将在我的课堂上采用。 Ⅲ.阅读理解 SYDNEY: Australian scientists have found how to switch hunger on and off using a molecule (分子) that targets the brain—a discovery which could stop weight loss in sick patients or produce weight loss in the obese. The molecule, known as MIC­1, is produced by common cancers and targets receptors (受体) in the brain that switch off appetite. But Australian researchers found that by using antibodies against MIC­1 they were able to switch appetite back on. When normal and obese mice were treated with MIC­1, they ate less and lost a lot of weight, suggesting that MIC­1 may also be used to treat severe obesity, the Sydney researchers said in a statement yesterday. “This work has given us a better understanding of the part of the brain that regulates appetite，” said Herbert Herzog, director of neuroscience research at the Garvan Institute in Sydney. “Our bodies send complex chemical signals to our brains, which interpret them and send back orders: in this case, eat or don't eat. Our research indicated that MIC­1 is a previously unrecognized molecule sending a don't­eat signal to the brain，” Herzog said. The researchers said it was hoped that in the near future, the MIC­1 findings will prevent many advanced cancer patients from “wasting away (消瘦)”． Sam Breit, who originally cloned the MIC­1 gene, said he believed the findings could have a significant impact on a range of appetite­related disorders. “Injecting mice with MIC­1 protein also made them stop eating, suggesting that it may be possible to use this to advantage for treating patients with severe obesity，” he said. The MIC­1 findings were published in the latest Nature Medicine magazine and the team of researchers led by St Vincent's Hospital in Sydney hope to develop a human antibody and run clinical trials in the next few years. [语篇解读]　本文讲述了澳大利亚科学家利用MIC­1来控制人们的饮食，以达到防止病人体重快速下降及使肥胖病人减少体重的目的。 1．According to the text, MIC­1 ． A．is produced by cancers of some special type B．can target receptors in the brain that switch on and off appetite C.proves effective on mice in making them healthier D．is a molecule that sends a don't­eat signal to the brain D　[细节理解题。由文章第三段最后一句可知D正确。第二段第一句可知MIC­1是由普通的癌所产生的，选项A错在special type，应为common cancers；由第二段可知，MIC­1的目标受体是大脑内switch off appetite的受体，因此B错误。由倒数第二段中的“Injecting mice with MIC­1 protein also made them stop eating”可知C错误。] 2．We can learn from the text that ． A．the researchers now understand better the part of the brain controlling appetite B．the MIC­1 findings have already been put into clinical use C．MIC­1 will surely be used to cure patients of serious obesity D．the researchers originally cloned the MIC­1 gene to treat cancer A　[细节理解题。由文章第三段第一句可知A正确，即这项发现使得科学家们对于大脑中控制食欲的部分有了更好的了解。] 3．What cannot we conclude from the passage? A．The researchers hoped the findings would be applied to treating human diseases soon. B．The researchers hoped the findings would be used to cure cancer patients. C．Sam Breit believed the findings could be useful in treating appetite­related disorders. D．Clinical trials haven't been run yet. B　[推理判断题。根据文章可知MIC­1可以调节极度消瘦或肥胖的人的食欲，因而控制他们的体重，并没有谈到它对癌症的治疗作用。] 4．What can be the best title for the text? A．A Discovery to Cure Cancer B．Researchers Find Hunger Switch to Control Appetite C．MIC­1, a Molecule to Control Appetite D．Australian Scientists Find a Way to Clone MIC­1 B　[标题判断题。文中多次出现的关键词是findings (发现)，而文章主要讲的也是关于MIC­1的发现，以及它可能带来的控制人们食欲的好处。同时结合文章主旨段落第一段可知B为最佳标题。] Ⅳ.七选五 As you're busy with your studies, the weeks during the Spring Festival can be a time when training and healthy eating plans go out of the window. But you can continue running and avoid weight gain during the holiday season. 1 Pick a race Having a race on your calendar (日历) is a motivation to keep running during the holiday. 2 Check our active. com or Running in the City for events near you. Don't skip breakfast If you're going to a holiday party in the evening, don't make the mistake of skipping breakfast. You may think you're saving calories for later. 3 Bring your own healthy dishes Chances are that most of the dishes at holiday gatherings are going to be high in taste and calories.Bring your own healthy appetizers (开胃品)to the party. The host will appreciate it, and you know there will be at least one wise choice on the buffet table. 4 If you're heading to an evening event, eat regular meals and snacks every few hours up until party time. You won't arrive at the party ready to attack appetizers. Make sure you include fiber at each meal because it keeps you full longer. Plan your runs It's easy to say that you'll keep running regularly during the holiday season, but sticking to it requires a strategy. Schedule your runs like appointments, so you make them the first thing during a busy week. 5 A．Treat yourself. B．Eat small meals. C．Try some or all of these strategies (策略). D．In fact, it may lead to overeating later in the day. E．Buy yourself a gift of some new running shoes and clothes. F．If you have runs scheduled, you are more likely to get them done. G．Once you choose one that lasts a few weeks, set a plan and stick to it. [语篇解读]　文章主要针对假期中的饮食和运动提出了几条建议。 1．C　[根据上文中的“But you can continue running and avoid weight gain during the holiday season.”和下文提出的一些建议可知，C项是对全文总体的概括，符合此处语境。] 2．G　[根据本段小标题和上文“Having a race on your calendar (日历) is a motivation to keep running during the holiday.”可知，本段主要讲选择比赛对坚持跑步的影响。] 3．D　[根据上文“If you're going to a holiday party in the evening, don't make the mistake of skipping breakfast. You may think you're saving calories for later.”可知，设空处应描述不吃早餐的不良后果，故D项(实际上，这会导致在一天中的晚些时候吃得过多)符合语境。] 4．B　[根据下文“If you're heading to an evening event，eat regular meals and snacks every few hours up until party time.”可知，这段是说：少吃多餐。] 5．F　[根据上文“Schedule your runs like appointments, so you make them the first thing during a busy week.”可知，这里是说：一旦有了跑步计划，就更有可能完成它们。] 课时作业(7)　B卷　素能提升 [对应学生用书P174] Ⅰ.阅读理解 All right! Enough cookies, cola, and chips! It seems that junk food is all that the children want to eat these days. Television controls their tastes. The kids see well­known people eating potato chips, candy and other processed food, and they want to be like their heroes. How do they do it? They eat the same food. I wish there were more characters like old Popeye, the sailor, who ate spinach and not French fries. Now I expect my children to eat healthy food because I like brown rice (糙米), beans, and fresh vegetables. I'm glad to cook traditional meals of meat and potatoes for them. I really can't be too upset with the kids because most adults aren't careful about what they eat. The other night, my wife and I went to a party where there was plenty to drink but very little for us to eat. They served hot dogs, with all those preservatives (防腐剂), and hamburgers were filled with chemicals so that they looked better. Besides the meat, they had sugar­filled cookies and cake, and of course, chips. I don't want the world to change because of me, but I think that people should realize that there are alternatives to eating meat. They always tell me that I probably don't get my essential proteins (蛋白质). I feel better than ever and I'm sure that it's because I'm a vegetarian (素食主义者). I would really like to see more television advertisements which show the benefits of good, healthy, and natural food. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述了作者对垃圾食品的认识，对现在孩子在电视广告的影响下喜欢吃垃圾食品表示了担忧，建议电视广告多推广健康食品。 1．According to the passage, it seems that ． A．the children like to have fried chicken only B．the kids prefer to have cold drinks but not junk food C．canned food is the only one that the kids enjoy most D.the children like nothing better than junk food：cookies and chips D　[细节理解题。由文章第一段第二、四句可知孩子们喜欢吃的似乎都是垃圾食品。] 2．Hamburgers look better ． A．but taste bad B．because they are treated with chemicals C．so the narrator prefers them to hot dogs D．and the narrator expects the children to eat them B　[细节理解题。从文章第三段第二句可知，汉堡中加了化学制剂以使其外表美观。] 3．The narrator is a vegetarian, so people doubt very much ． A．why he goes to the party B．whether he gets enough protein C．whether he is healthy and strong D．whether he allows his children to eat meat B　[细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句“They always tell me that I probably don't get my essential proteins (蛋白质).”可知答案为B。] Ⅱ.完形填空 It took me more than two hours to clean out the fridge and freezer last week. After I 1 every drawer and threw away unrecognizable leftovers, I went to the grocery shop for the first time in months. I'd run into the shop for a loaf of bread, milk, or eggs. I 2 fruits and vegetables and cleaned and cut them into small pieces to store in my newly cleaned fridge. I 3 clothes out from under the girls' 4 and washed them. I took three­inch piles of papers out of their school folders and read notes from their teachers. After a few months of working like 5 ， I spent last week working as “Momma”. When you are “The momma”， a lot of 6 you feel like there is no one 7 behind you to take up the chores (日常琐事). I cannot even imagine how it must feel to be a(n) 8 parent. But I'm fortunate, because, as I 9 myself in work, my house and my children's 10 didn't have to suffer. My husband, Zeb, 11 up to take care of my kids and home. My mother came to stay with me for a couple of weeks while Zeb travelled for work. Then there was Mrs Velma, my angel I sent straight home from heaven who does, as a matter of fact, clean my 12 better than I ever could but who more importantly, fills my house with positive energy and wouldn't let me get 13 ． Working parents all 14 to find the balance between work and home, the job and family. I personally don't think that balance exists without 15 . While I was on the work end, my mom, Velma, Zeb and Madeleine, my babysitter, gave me help. [语篇解读]　讲述了作者因一次家庭大扫除而产生的对生活的感悟，工作和家庭都需要方方面面的支持来维持两者之间的平衡。 1．A.searched　　　　　　　　　 B．emptied C．watched D．noticed B　[由上一句可知，作者是在清理冰箱，根据生活经验可知，作者将冰箱的每个抽屉都倒空(emptied)了。] 2．A.judged B．sent C．bought D．took C　[根据本段的第一句话可知，作者到商店里采购食物，所以此处应该是购买(bought)了一些水果和蔬菜，洗净切好并储存在刚刚清理好的冰箱里。] 3．A.kicked B．put C．picked D．dug D　[根据后半句中“and washed them”并结合生活经验可推知，作者从女儿的床下面翻出(dig out)穿脏的衣服拿去洗涤。] 4．A.boxes B．cupboards C．beds D．tables C　[boxes “盒子”；cupboards “橱柜”；beds “床”；tables “桌子”。根据生活常识，一般情况下，孩子们最容易把脏衣服堆放在床(bed)下面。] 5．A.blind B．crazy C．mindless D．angry B　[“like crazy”是固定表达，意为“拼命地；极快地”，形容快速地完成很多的事情。] 6．A.ways B．aspects C．times D．moments C　[结合语境，作者此处是在倾诉，作为一名母亲，很多时候(times)会感到孤立无援。] 7．A.hiding B．running C．standing D．calling C　[承接上一句的语境，作为一名母亲，你总会有很多时候感到没有人在背后支持你，帮助你处理琐碎的事情。此处“stand behind sb.”是比喻用法，本意为“站在某人的身后”，此处指“帮助某人”。] 8．A.strict B．loving C．single D．hard­working C　[此处是说无法想象自己如果是单身母亲会是怎样的情景。] 9．A.stick B．devote C．absorb D．involve D　[“involve sb. in ...”是固定搭配，意为“忙于……”。此处意为“当我忙于工作的时候……”。] 10．A.lives B．study C．homework D．relationship A　[根据下一段可知，正是由于周围亲人、朋友的帮助，作者的家和孩子的生活(lives)才没有受到很大的影响。] 11．A.woke B．stepped C．put D．got B　[stepped up本意为“走上前来，站出来”，此处可视为其引申意“采取行动准备帮助做某事或分担责任”。这里指作者的丈夫总是“站出来(准备)”帮助作者照顾孩子和处理家务。] 12．A.bedroom B．yard C．road D．house D　[根据下一句中的“fills my house with ...”可知，Velma不仅将家里(house)清理的比作者清理的更干净，而且让这个家庭充满了正能量。] 13．A.angry B．pleased C．relaxed D．discouraged D　[根据空格前面的“fills my house with positive energy”可知，Velma使作者家里充满了正能量，让作者不再感到沮丧(discourage)。] 14．A.deserve B．struggle C．keep D．continue B　[根据生活经验，上班的那些父母们都在“奋力地/艰难地”(struggle)想在工作和家庭之间寻求一种平衡。] 15．A.effort B．knowledge C．support D．judgement C　[根据下一句的提示可知，作者在此处是要强调，没有来自方方面面的支持(support)，那种平衡是不可能存在的。] Ⅲ.语法填空 Many of us wake up feeling 1. (tire) in the morning. Many of us ignore the problem as the day goes on, 2. (forget) that it might have a 3. (danger) effect. Society even glorifies “burning the candle at both ends” as 4. sign of our devotion to work and family. Believe it 5. not, all this bad sleep has far­reaching consequences. We just do not give ourselves enough chances to sleep. A survey of over 74, 000 people found 35 percent reported sleeping less than seven hours daily 6. average. Furthermore, the amount of sleep 7. (change) greatly over the past 15 years. This lack of sleep can lead to many serious 8. (problem). One study found that 9. (simple) limiting yourself to six hours of sleep a night for two weeks had similar effects to staying up all night the night before, 10. could make you perform poorly on a timed attention task. [语篇解读]　本文介绍了很多人睡眠不足的现象和由此导致的一些问题。 1．tired　[考查形容词。本句意为：我们许多人醒来“感到疲劳”，故用形容词tired作feeling的表语。] 2．forgetting　[考查非谓语动词。空处与其逻辑主语Many of us 构成主谓关系，因此用现在分词作状语。] 3．dangerous　[考查形容词。空后为名词，故用形容词修饰。] 4．a　[考查冠词。此处表示作为我们对工作和家庭的奉献的一种标志，表泛指，故用a。] 5．or　[考查固定短语。believe it or not 为固定短语，意为“信不信由你”。] 6．on　[考查介词。on average 为固定搭配，意为“平均来看，按平均值”。] 7．has changed　[考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据该句中的时间状语“over the past 15 years”可知，此处应用现在完成时，且该句的主语是“the amount of sleep”，故谓语动词用单数形式。] 8．problems　[考查名词复数。空前有many 修饰，且problem为可数名词，故用其复数形式。] 9．simply　[考查副词。此处修饰非谓语动词 limiting，故应用副词。] 10．which　[考查定语从句。根据语境并分析句子结构可知，该句为非限制性定语从句，又因关系词在从句中作主语，指代空前的“...limiting...the night before”，故用which。] 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$