UNIT 3 Section Ⅱ Lesson 2 & Lesson 3（Word教参）-【优化指导】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册（北师大版2019）

Section Ⅱ　Lesson 2 & Lesson 3 [对应学生用书P102] 1．wedding n．婚礼 2．teenager n．青少年，十几岁的孩子 3．effort n．努力，力气 4．memory n．记忆，回忆 5．envelope n．信封 6．branch n．树枝 7．whisper vi.& vt.低声说，低语 8．swallow vi.& vt.吞下，咽下 9．greet vt.问候；欢迎；打招呼→greeting n．问候，打招呼 10．appropriate adj.合适的，适当的→appropriately adv.合适地，适当地 11．slight adj.略微，稍微→slightly adv.略微，稍微 12．patient adj.有耐心的；有耐力的→patience n．耐心；耐力 13．behave vi.表现，行为，举止→behaviour n．行为，举止 14．extension n．延期→extend v．延长；提供，给予 15．represent vt.代表→representation n．代表；代理；表现→representative adj.有代表性的；典型的 16．suit vt.适合→suitable adj.适合的 17．fortunate adj.幸运的；吉利的→fortunately adv.幸运地；吉利地→unfortunately adv.不幸地 18. specific adj.具体的，特定的→specifically adv.特别地，明确地 1．as far as　　　　　　　 就……而言 2．in general 普遍地；总得来说；一般来说 3．make an effort 努力 4．put up 建造；搭起 5．fall asleep 睡着 6．on the way 在路上 7．catch one's eyes 引起某人的注意；遇到某人的目光 8．pass away 去世 9．no longer 不再 10．over and over 再三地；重复地 1．不定式作定语 Granny had the patience to sing it over and over. 奶奶有耐心地一遍遍地唱。 2．过去分词作定语 We put on silly paper hats and had a big turkey with potatoes，followed by Christmas pudding. 我们戴上傻傻的纸帽子，吃配有土豆的大火鸡，还有圣诞布丁。 3．so...that... Granny laughed so much that her paper hat fell off. 奶奶笑得很厉害，她的纸帽子掉了下来。 [单词巧记] Ⅰ.语境助记同根词 1．Miss Li is a patient nurse.She always takes care of her patients with great patience. 李小姐是一位有耐心的护士。她总是对待病人很耐心。 2．I saw Jenny and Helen talking to each other in a whisper/in whispers.Suddenly Jenny leaned and whispered something in Helen's ear.I wanted to know what they were whispering about. I whispered to Mary that I would sneak close to find it out. 我看到珍妮和海伦在低声谈话。突然，珍妮探身在海伦耳边说了点儿什么。我很好奇她们在嘀咕些什么。于是我小声对玛丽说，我要悄悄走过去搞清楚。 Ⅱ.词缀助记派生词 1．副词后缀：­ly appropriate (adj.)→appropriately fortunate (adj.)→fortunately slight (adj.)→slightly 2．名词后缀：­ive，­ce represent (vt.)→representative patient (adj.)→patience 3．形容词后缀：­y frost (n.)→frosty Ⅲ.合成词一族 some＋how＝somehow [短语助记] 1．“在某人看来”的表达 in one's opinion as far as sb.be concerned according to sb. in one's view 2．in短语“小聚” in conclusion总之 in despair绝望地，失望地 in general一般来说 in order按顺序 in vain徒劳 3．表示“总之”的短语还有： in short，in conclusion，to conclude，in a word，in sum，on the whole，in general等。 4．表示“竭尽全力做某事”的常用表达还有： do/try one's best to do sth. make every effort to do sth. spare no effort to do sth. [对应学生用书P104] 一、读文清障 词块解惑 教材原文 句式释疑 ①in the middle of 在……中间 ②be a mess 乱成一团 ③move in 进入； 迁入新居；搬来(和某人)一起居住 ④at the time 那时候 ⑤on the way 在……途中；临近 ⑥most of 大部分；大多数 ⑦spent time on sth.在某事上花时间 ⑧by the fire 在火炉旁 ⑨write a letter 写一封信 ⑩tell sb. about sth.告诉某人某事 ⑪make an effort to do sth.努力做某事 ⑫the North Pole 北极 ⑬on the envelope 在信封上 ⑭each day 每天 ⑮in the streets 在大街上 ⑯Christmas cards 圣诞贺卡 ⑰make sugar biscuits 做甜饼干 ⑱sit on 坐……在上 ⑲Christmas songs 圣诞歌曲 ⑳Frosty the Snowman 《雪人》 look at 看着 have patience 有耐心 over and over again 反复 On Christmas Eve 在圣诞夜；圣诞节前夕 take a seat 就坐 put up 建造；搭起 on the branches 在树枝上 fill... with... 用……装满…… a plate of 一盘 at the end of 在……的尽头；在……结束时 fall asleep 睡着 be full of 充满 under the tree 在树下 a ballet dancer 芭蕾舞者 after breakfast 早饭后 get... ready 将…… 准备好 race around 到处乱跑；围着……赛跑 I still remember the last Christmas Granny spent with us.It began in the middle of① November on a cold, windy day.I remember the wind because Granny's grey hair was a mess②when she arrived. That was also the day Granny moved in③. Somehow, at the time④， I didn't know she was sick .Maybe I was too young, maybe she hid it too well, or maybe I was just too excited that Christmas was on the way⑤. After Granny moved in，she spent most of⑥ her time on the brown sofa⑦ by the fire⑧. Sometimes she was quiet, but she seemed happy.When I wrote a letter⑨ to Father Christmas telling him about⑩ the presents I wanted， Granny made an effort to help me⑪. Her hand was slightly shaky, but she wrote “Father Christmas, the North Pole⑫”on the envelope⑬.In December，our excitement grew each day⑭—lights appeared in the streets⑮，Christmas cards⑯arrived, and there was snow everywhere. Granny and I made sugar biscuits⑰， stuffed the turkey and then I sat on⑱ my granny's lap and we sang Christmas songs⑲. My favourite song was Frosty the Snowman⑳ and I loved the bit that went“Thumpety­thump­thump，thumpety­thump­thump, look atFrosty go！”Granny had patience to sing it over and over again. On Christmas Eve，Granny took a seatby the fire as we put upthe Christmas tree.I hung most of the decorations on the branches. “That's the most beautiful tree I've ever seen，”Granny said. Then she started singing，“Oh, Christmas tree，oh，Christmas tree，you fill my heart withmusic...” Before bed, Granny and I left a plate of sugar biscuits out for Father Christmas, and put a stocking at the end of my bed. I remember Granny sitting on my bed and singing softly until I fell asleep. My stocking was full of small toys and sweets on Christmas morning, and there were presents under the tree. I was on my best behaviour as we opened the presents. Later, Granny called me over. “I have something special for you，”Granny whispered. “It's for all your treasures. Merry Christmas.” It was a music box with a ballet dancer inside. After breakfast，Auntie Kath and my cousin David arrived. While Mum, Dad and Auntie Kath got lunch ready，David and I played outside. We raced aroundthe garden and rolled a big snowballto make a lovely snowman.Granny 省略了关系词that/which的定语从句，其先行词是last Christmas。 当表示具有特定意义的某一天时，一般用介词on。 because引导的原因状语从句。 when引导的时间状语从句。 宾语从句，作know的宾语。 宾语从句，某些形容词后也可以接宾语从句。 after引导的时间状语从句。 when引导的时间状语从句。 动词的­ing形式作伴随状语。 but是连词，表示转折，其前后两句之间是转折关系。 在表示月份的词前，一般用介词in。 there be句型be动词形式根据其后面的名词的单复数而发生变化。 定语从句修饰先行词the bit，that在定语从句中作主语。 as引导的时间状语从句。 定语从句，当定语从句的先行词前有形容词的最高级修饰的时候，关系词往往用that。 sitting与singing之间是并列关系，共同作remember的宾语补足语。 until引导的时间状语从句。 as引导的时间状语从句。 不定代词由形容词修饰的时候，形容词往往放在其后面。 with的复合结构“with＋宾语＋adv.” raced和rolled两个动词之间是并列关系，故时态应保持一致。 不定式作目的状语。 续表 词块解惑 教材原文 句式释疑 stay inside 呆在里边 catch one's eye 引人注目；看见 be late 迟到 put on 穿上；戴上 have a big turkey with potatoes 吃了一大份土豆炖鸡 the rest of 其余的；剩下的 fall off 掉下；脱落 a few weeks 几星期 pass away 去世 think of 想起 at Christmas 在圣诞节期间 take out 拿出 give... back to 将……还给 no longer 不再 believe in 相信；信赖 come to mind 想到 stayed inside by the fire. I remember catching her eye through the window. “Come outside, Granny，” I called, but she just waved. Lunch was late, but it was a loud and exciting affair. We put on silly paper hats and had a big turkey with potatoes，followed by Christmas pudding. David put so much pudding in his mouth that he couldn't swallow. “How's the pudding？”Granny asked. “Mmmph，mmmph，mmmph，”said David. Auntie Kath didn't think it was funny, but the rest of us did.Granny laughed so much that her paper hat fell off. A few weeks after that Christmas, Granny passed away.I think of her often though, especially at Christmas.Each year, I take out the music box she gave me. Inside I keep Granny's paper hat and the letter she helped me write that Christmas. Mum gave the letter back to me some years ago when I no longer believed in Father Christmas.When I think about what makes Christmas so magical，it's not just gifts and Father Christmas that come to mind. It's also my memory of Granny. Now I'm the one who makes sugar biscuits each year，and I always make one in a G­shape—G for Granny. put on和had两个动词之间是并列关系。而followed by Christmas pudding是过去分词短语作定语，修饰前面的a big turkey with potatoes。 “so...that...如此……以至于……”引导结果状语从句。同时，much修饰不可数名词pudding。 did在此属于承前省略，相当于thought it was funny。 定语从句。 定语从句。 时间状语从句。 what引导的宾语从句。同时，句中含有“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。 强调句型“It's＋被强调的部分＋that从句”。 who引导的定语从句，who在定语从句中作主语。 二、语篇研读 1．Discussing—Look at the following pictures and discuss some special occasions in your life. 2．Predicting—Look at the pictures and read the title of the passage on Page 58, 59 and predict what the text is probably about? The passage is probably about Christmas and what happened on Christmas. 1．Why did the writer still remember the wind? A．Because it was on Christmas. B．Because his granny arrived. C．Because his granny's white hair was messy. D．Because he was young. 2．How did the writer's granny help him? A．Write a letter to Father Christmas. B．Give him some presents. C．Give him an envelope. D．Write the envelope. 3．What did the writer find in his stocking on Christmas morning? A．A ballet dancer.　　　 B．Some presents. C．Small toys and sweets. D．Sugar biscuits. 4．How did the granny feel when she found David's mouth full of pudding? A．Exciting. B．Funny. C．Annoyed. D．Sorrowed. 5．When the writer grew up，what made Christmas magical to him? A．Gifts. B．Father Christmas. C.Sugar biscuits. D．The memory of his granny. 答案：1～5　CDCBD Granny arrived in the middle of November on a 1.windy(wind)day.2.For some reasons, I didn't know she was sick.Granny spent most of time on the sofa by the fire，quiet but happy. I wrote a letter to Father Christmas 3.telling(tell)him about the presents I wanted and Granny helped me write “Father Christmas, the North Pole” on the envelope. In December, our 4.excitement(excite)grew.Granny had the 5.patience(patient)to sing a song to me over and over.On Christmas Eve, Granny and I put a stocking and sang songs to me 6.until I fell asleep. On Christmas, Granny gave me a music box with a ballet dancer in it.Granny stayed inside the house watching us 7.playing(play). We put on silly paper hats and ate Christmas pudding. David put so much pudding in his mouth, 8.which made us laugh. A few weeks after the Christmas，Granny passed away.Although I no 9.longer(long) believe in Father Christmas, my memory of Granny makes Christmas 10.magical(magic). [对应学生用书P108] 1．(教材P104)As far as I know，young people in the UK like to go to parties.据我所知，在英国，年轻人喜欢参加聚会。 as far as 就……而言；远到 as/so far as...is concerned 就……而言 so/as far as I can see 依我看 as far as I know 就我所知 as long as 和……一样长；只要 as soon as 一……就 as well as 和……一样好；和，同 ①As far as I'm concerned，riding bicycles is a good solution. 就我而言，骑自行车是一个好的解决办法。 ②As long as you don't betray me，I'll do whatever you ask me to (do). 只要你不出卖我，要我做什么我都愿意。 ③Obviously he is interested in music as well as (in)painting. 显然他对音乐和绘画都有兴趣。 ④As far as I know, the vase was handed down from my grandpa. 据我所知这个花瓶是我祖父传下来的。 2．(教材P104)It's also important to make an effort to talk to other people.尽力去跟其他人交谈也是重要的。 effort n．努力；力气 make an effort 尽力 make an effort to do sth. 努力做某事 spare no efforts to do sth. 不遗余力去做某事 with(an)effort 艰难地 without effort 轻而易举地 ①He is strong enough to lift the heavy box without effort. 他身体强壮，可以轻易地提起那个重箱子。 ②We will spare no effort to prevent(prevent)them from taking this step. 我们会不遗余力地阻止他们采取这一步骤。 ③I'll make no effort to help such a person. 我不会努力去帮助这样的人。 ④Parents arrange everything for their children and spare no effort to pave(pave) the way for their success. 父母为他们的孩子安排一切，不遗余力地为他们的成功铺平道路。 3．(教材P105)I would like to represent all the students of Grade Three and say a few words.我很乐意代表三年级的所有学生说几句话。 represent vt.象征；代表；表现；描绘 (1)represent...as... 把……描绘成…… represent sb.to be/as 宣称某人为/是…… represent sth.to sb. 向某人说明某事，向某人传达某事 (2)representative n. 代表；代表他人者adj. 典型的，有代表性的 ①This kind of medical treatment represents a significant advance in the field of cancer research. 这种医疗方法代表癌症研究领域一项重要的进步。 ②He represented himself as a philosopher. 他声称自己是个哲学家。 ③I couldn't be present myself，but I sent my representative(represent)to the meeting. 我本人不能亲自出席，可我派了代表参加会议。 4．(教材P105)We are so fortunate to have your love and support.我们很幸运得到你的爱和支持。 fortunate adj.幸运的；交好运的 (1)fortune n. 运气；机会；大笔的钱；财产；财富 make a fortune 发财 seek one's fortune 寻找发财的机会；外出闯荡 try one's fortune 碰运气 have the good fortune to do sth. 有幸做某事 (2)be fortunate to do sth./in doing sth. 有幸做某事 (3)fortunately adv.幸运地；交好运地 ①Well，I never.A whole pound！A fortune! 啊，我还从来没有见过。整整一英镑呢！一大笔钱呀！ ②The young man decided to go abroad to try his fortune． 这个年轻人决定到国外去碰碰运气。 ③Fortunately(fortune)，Natalie's family escaped to Brooklyn shortly before the city's bridges closed. 幸运的是，娜塔莉的家人在城市的桥关闭之前不久逃到了布鲁克林。 ④I had the good fortune to be chosen (choose) for studying abroad. 我有幸被选中去国外学习。 [名师点津]　fortune意为“机会；运气”时，是不可数名词；意为“大笔的钱”时，是可数名词。 5．(教材P59)I remember catching her eye through the window.我记得通过窗户遇到她的目光。 catch one's eye 吸引某人的注意；遇到某人的目光 have an eye for 对……有鉴别能力 turn a blind eye 对……故意视而不见；对……假装不见 keep an eye on 照看；留意；密切注视 fix one's eyes on/upon 注视，凝视 look sb.in the eye 直视/正视某人 have/get one's eye on sb./sth.看中某人/物 ①You have an eye for beauty and a fine sense of balance and rhythm. 你有一双发现美的眼睛，有很好的平衡感和韵律感。 ②I can't turn a blind eye when someone is being robbed. 当有人遭到抢劫时，我不能视而不见。 ③The people in the hall seemed very nosy，keeping their eyes on me with curiosity. 大厅里的人看起来很爱管闲事，好奇地盯着我。 ④Can you look me in the eye and tell me you're not lying? 你能看着我的眼睛告诉我你没有撒谎吗？ 6．(教材P59)A few weeks after that Christmas，Granny passed away.那个圣诞节后几周，奶奶去世了。 pass away 去世 pass...off as... 把某人改变或冒充成…… pass sth.down 把……传给后世 pass...on to... 把……传递给…… pass by 走过；经过 pass through 通过；穿过；经历 ①He passed himself off as a policeman to escape the fine. 为逃避罚款，他冒充警察。 ②The good tradition has been passed down from generation to generation. 这一优良传统已经一代代地传了下来。 ③She passed through a difficult period after her marriage failed. 在婚姻失败后，她度过了一段艰难的时期。 ④Did you see a man in black pass by just now? 你刚才看到有个穿黑衣服的男人经过吗？ 7．(教材P59)We put on silly paper hats and had a big turkey with potatoes，followed by Christmas pudding.我们戴上傻傻的纸帽子，吃配有土豆的大火鸡，还有圣诞布丁。 [句式点拨]　句中的followed by Christmas pudding是过去分词短语作定语，修饰前面的a big turkey with potatoes。 (1)及物动词的过去分词作定语表示被动和已完成的含义，因此过去分词作定语时表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前。 (2)不及物动词的过去分词形式作定语不表示被动，只表示该动作已经发生或完成。 使役动词的过去分词作定语表示状态。使役动词(如interest, bore, worry, frighten, surprise等)通常用系表结构表示状态，因此它的过去分词作定语表示的是状态而不是被动含义。它的过去分词大多已转化为形容词。 (3)单个的过去分词作定语通常放在名词前面，过去分词短语作定语，或者过去分词的动词接了介词短语等其他成分一起作定语时必须后置。 ①They might just have a place left on the writing course. 他们的写作课或许还有一个空余的名额。 ②A notice was put up in order to remind the students of the changed(change)lecture time. 张贴了一张通告，以提醒学生讲座时间的变化。 ③When the delayed(delay)flight will take off depends much on the weather. 被延误的航班什么时候起飞主要看天气情况。 ④The players selected(select)from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game. 从全国选拔出来的运动员将会在这次夏季的比赛中给我们带来荣誉。 [对应学生用书P111] 动词短语 动词短语常常是两个词(一个动词＋一个副词性小品词)构成，如：wake up , get up ，turn out 等。同一个动词后面可以有不同的副词性小品词，构成不同意义的动词短语。 1．Take turns to make your speech in front of your group. 2．Granny made an effort to help me. 3．On Christmas Eve，Granny took a seat by the fire as we put up the Christmas tree. [自我归纳] 动词短语指的是动词和介词、副词或名词有关的习惯搭配。不同搭配意义不同，有时一个短语含有多种意义。 动词短语的搭配可分为下列六种基本类型： 一、动词＋副词 1．作及物动词 He brought up his children strictly. 他严格地把孩子们抚养成人。 I put it down.(不说 I put down it.) 我把它放下。 从以上的例句中可以看出，在“动词＋副词”的词组中宾语位置有两种情况：如果宾语是名词，则可置于副词后面，亦可置于动词和副词之间。而如果宾语是代词，只能置于动词后面，即动词和副词之间。 2．作不及物动词 Something unexpected has turned up. 出现了令人意外的情况。(turn up＝appear) 3．既可作及物动词又可作不及物动词 The barrel of gunpowder blew up.(不及物) 火药桶爆炸了。 The soldiers blew up the bridge.(及物) 士兵们把桥炸毁了。 [名师点津]　动词短语的及物性与不及物性主要取决于动词短语的意思。 二、动词＋介词 动词与介词构成的词组在词义上相当于一个及物动词，宾语总是在介词后面。 I don't much care for television. 我不很喜欢电视。(care for＝like) 三、动词＋副词＋介词 在这类动词短语中，动词、副词、介词紧密结合，是动副词组和动介词组的合成体，词义上相当于一个及物动词。它兼有以上两类短语动词的特点，但宾语总是位于介词之后。 get on/along with (与……相处) catch up with(赶上，跟上) We must work hard to make up for lost time. 我们必须努力工作来弥补失去的时间。(make up for＝compensate) 四、动词＋名词 这类动词短语中的常见动词是have，take，give，make等，后面的名词通常是从动词转化而来的动作名词，并表达了短语动词的真正意义，例： Let's have another try. 让我们再试一下。(have a try＝v.try) 五、动词＋名词＋介词 这类动词短语只用作及物动词。名词前可加形容词说明程度，宾语总是位于介词之后，例： Keep an eye on the baby while I am out. 我不在家时请照看一下婴儿。 六、be＋形容词＋介词 “be＋形容词(包括过去分词作形容词)＋介词”相当于及物动词，宾语位于介词后面，形容词是短语动词的真正词义。 I know he is slow at understanding，but you have to be patient with him. 我知道他理解力差，但你得对他耐心些。 [即学即练]　完成句子 1．He turned on the radio to listen to a beautiful song. 他打开收音机听一首优美的歌曲。 2．On the way to the city his car broke down． 在去城里的路上，他的车抛锚了。 3．My car didn't work yesterday, so I rang up a garage/rang a garage up． 我的车昨天坏了，所以我打电话给修车厂。 4．Please come in and take a seat． 请进来坐下。 5．He made up his mind to finish the work on time. 他决心按时完成这项工作。 6．She is afraid of making mistakes． 她害怕犯错误。 7．Please pay attention to what you say． 请注意你所说的话。 [对应学生用书P112] 1．You must chew your food well before you swallow(咽下)it. 2．He went into a long explanation of the affair(事件). 3．He whispered(小声说)that he would meet her later. 4．She laid her dress on the bed to keep it neat(整洁的). 5．This length of cloth is enough to make you a suit(套装). 6．He wished them all a merry (快乐的)Christmas and departed early. 7．He was picked out from the whole class to represent (代表)them at the other school. 8．One more effort(努力)，and you will get to the top. 9．Do you have any specific(具体的) idea to settle the claim? 10．She retains a clear memory (记忆)of his schooldays. 1．It is not appropriate to ask (ask) such personal questions in an interview. 2．In general，the weather in summer is hot in most parts of China. 3．Christian made much effort to take(take) down the umbrella. 4．As a representative (represent) of resettled people，I support the construction of the project. 5．Fortunately (fortunate), his mother was very patient and she never gave up helping him. 6．You had better behave yourself(you)，otherwise you'll be punished. 7．The method is specifically(specific) designed for use in small groups. 8．This custom has been passed down since the 18th century. 9．He kept on telling us the same story over and over again. 10．Suddenly, a beautiful forest of peach trees，with flowers in full bloom, caught his(one's) eyes. 1．The next train to arrive was from New York. 下一列到站的火车是从纽约开来的。 2．The man followed by security guards is our chairman. 保安人员跟着的那个人是我们的主席。 3．He ran so fast that I couldn't catch up with him. 他跑得那么快，我赶不上他。 4．He said it in a whisper, so I couldn't hear. 他说那件事的声音太小了，我听不见。 5．I was sorry to learn that his mother had passed away． 听说他母亲去世了，我很难过。 (一)单句语法填空 1．Can you tell me how the things come about? 2．A helicopter is able to take off and land straight up or down. 3．She came across some old photographs in a drawer. 4．Nothing can make up for what they have suffered. 5．We can't afford to fall behind our competitors. 6．You must make sure of the time and place. 7．The question is bound to come up at the meeting. 8．The farmers took in the lost travelers for the night. 9．He really feel for the new girl in school. 10．So many young men want to take up writing. (二)完成句子 1．I filled in an application form as required. 我按要求填写了申请表。 2．Hearing the good news, Bob turned out smiling． 听到这个好消息，鲍勃笑了。 3．He woke up late the following morning. 第二天早上他醒得晚。 4．As we all know, cigarette prices are going up． 众所周知，香烟的价格正在上涨。 5．I don't get on with the peopleat work. 我和一块儿工作的人合不来。 6．Her father is very strict with her． 她父亲对她很严格。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$