精品解析：内蒙古集宁一中2024-2025学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题

集宁一中2024—2025学年第二学期期末考试 高二英语试题 本试卷满分为150分，考试时间:120分钟 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the woman do? A. A chemist. B. A nurse. C. A surgeon. 2. How is the man feeling now? A. Ambitious. B. Confused. C. Disappointed. 3. What will the man do next? A. Argue with the teacher. B. Revise the plan on his own. C. Hold a group talk. 4. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Relatives. B. Neighbors. C. Colleagues. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. Deciding on a purchase. B. Comparing product quality. C. Holding a sales promotion. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 6. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At home. B. At a repair shop. C. In an office. 7. What does the woman advise the man to do? A. Check the power supply. B. Buy a new air conditioner. C. Reach out to a repair service. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8. Where are the speakers? A. In Tokyo. B. In Sydney. C. In Shanghai. 9. Why does the man talk to the woman? A. To solve a transfer problem. B. To complain about a missed flight. C. To request a refund for a delayed flight. 10. What change does the woman make to the man’s flight plan? A. A direct flight to Sydney. B. An earlier departure time. C. A new route via Singapore. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 11. What is the purpose of the recent NASA mission? A. To send astronauts to Mars. B. To collect samples from Mars. C. To launch a new satellite. 12. How long is the mission expected to last? A. A few days. B. A few months. C. Several years. 13. What tool will the spacecraft use to collect samples? A. A laser scanner. B. A robotic arm. C. A drill. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 14. What is the new environmental policy in the city? A. A ban on single-use plastic. B. A tax on plastic products. C. A ban on plastic bags. 15. What additional initiative is being introduced along with the ban? A. A new plastic recycling plant. B. A recycling program for residents. C. A city-wide campaign against plastic. 16. How does the man feel about the new policy? A. Disappointed. B. Supportive. C. Indifferent. 17. What is the man’s hope regarding the new policy? A. That it will be rejected. B. That it will be adopted by other cities. C. That it will be expanded to include more products. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18. What is the main feature of DeepSeek? A. It understands the context of a search inquiry. B. It focuses on entertainment content. C. It provides fast Internet access. 19. In which industries is DeepSeek especially useful? A. Entertainment and media. B. Research, education, and healthcare. C. Retail and marketing. 20. What is expected to happen as DeepSeek continues to develop? A. It will supply faster and more effective searches. B. It will provide more accurate and useful data. C. It will become limited to academic use only. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Volunteer in Africa Dreaming of volunteering in Africa? International Volunteer HQ (IVHQ) will enable you to be immersed in vibrant cultures, discover unique wildlife and make valuable contributions to the local communities. Common questions about volunteering in Africa What volunteer work in Africa does IVHQ offer? Whether you want to volunteer and teach English in Africa, support construction projects, wildlife volunteering, or nursing and medical volunteer abroad projects, IVHQ has volunteer work in Africa that is suitable for volunteers with a range of skills and experience. How much does it cost to volunteer in Africa? Our fully hosted Africa volunteer programs start from as little as $20/day! This includes your accommodation, meals, airport pickup, orientation and comprehensive support services that you won’t find elsewhere. Is it safe to volunteer in Africa? We have a comprehensive approach to managing safety and reducing risks across all of our programs, which gives volunteers the knowledge and confidence they need to stay safe, secure and healthy. This includes: All local teams are trained in volunteer management, are required to undertake first aid training and ensure that programs adhere to IVHQ’s Risk Management Policy. All IVHQ volunteers receive pre-departure and 24/7 in-country support, are required to have travel insurance and are strongly encouraged to take our online pre-departure training which can be accessed for free. How to volunteer in Africa Applying to volunteer in Africa is simple! Once you’ve decided which country you want to volunteer in and which Africa project you would like to join, you can apply. It’s free, only takes a few minutes and there is no commitment needed at this stage. Our team of Volunteer Travel Specialists will then guide you through the next steps to secure your spot and start preparing for your trip. 1. In Africa, IVHQ volunteers can ________. A. manage construction projects B. organize program orientation C work as language teachers D. undertake first aid training 2. What does IVHQ provide to ensure the safety of volunteers? A. Volunteer projects suitable for all. B. An online pre-departure training. C. Well-trained local communities. D. Lectures on cultural difference. 3. Which of the following should be done at the application stage? A. Selecting countries and projects. B. Obtaining passports and visas. C. Making some commitments. D. Arranging accommodations. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了国际志愿者组织(IVHQ)在非洲的志愿者项目。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据What volunteer work in Africa does IVHQ offer? (IVHQ在非洲提供哪些志愿工作?)部分中“Whether you want to volunteer and teach English in Africa, support construction projects, wildlife volunteering, or nursing and medical volunteer abroad projects, IVHQ has volunteer work in Africa that is suitable for volunteers with a range of skills and experience. (无论你是想在非洲做志愿者，教英语，支持建设项目，野生动物志愿者，还是海外护理和医疗志愿者项目，IVHQ在非洲都有适合你的志愿者工作，你需要有一系列的技能和经验。)”可知，在非洲，IVHQ的志愿者可以作语言教师。故选C项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Is it safe to volunteer in Africa?(在非洲做志愿者安全吗?)部分中“All IVHQ volunteers receive pre-departure and 24/7 in-country support, are required to have travel insurance and are strongly encouraged to take our online pre-departure training which can be accessed for free. (所有IVHQ志愿者在出发前都会得到全天候的国内支持，需要购买旅行保险，并强烈鼓励他们参加我们的在线出发前培训，这些培训可以免费获得。)”可知，为确保志愿者的安全，IVHQ提供出发前的在线培训。故选B项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据How to volunteer in Africa(如何在非洲做志愿者)部分中“Once you’ve decided which country you want to volunteer in and which Africa project you would like to join, you can apply. (一旦你决定了你想在哪个国家做志愿者，你想参加哪个非洲项目，你就可以申请了。)”可知，在申请阶段要选择国家和项目。故选A项。 B When I order food for delivery, I often play a little game, wondering how many sets of cutlery (餐具) the restaurant will include with my meal. More often than not, restaurants go overboard. They throw in two, three, or even four sets, even though I rarely need any. This extra cutlery either ends up in the trash or collecting dust in a kitchen drawer, which is such a waste. Chinese tech giant Alibaba and its researchers came up with a simple solution to this common problem. Instead of mindlessly handing out cutlery, they made a change to their food-delivery app. In select cities in China, customers now have to choose how many sets of cutlery they actually want from the restaurant. And guess what? The default (默认) option is set to zero. The results, published in the journal Science, were astonishing. There was a whopping 648% increase in the number of orders with no cutlery requested. If this approach were rolled out across China, researchers estimated that it could save nearly 22 billion sets of plastic cutlery and reduce 3.26 million metric tons of plastic waste. This study really opened my eyes. It shows that there are so many low-hanging fruits in our economy that can help cut waste and emissions. For Alibaba, this “nudge” to customers cost them nothing more than a few hours of software engineering time. But the impact? It was huge. The concept of “nudging” is fascinating. Nudge theory suggests that small, subtle signals can encourage people to do the right thing. There’s no need for strict policies that limit choices or economic punishments. For example, a restaurant could list healthy options at the top of the menu to nudge customers towards making healthier choices. Some might see this study as just another example of putting the onus (责任) on consumers for environmental issues, similar to the plastic straw debate. But I look at it differently. In the absence of comprehensive environmental policies, companies like Alibaba can play a crucial role in driving widespread changes in consumer behavior. 4. What is the aim of the author’s game when ordering food for delivery? A. To calculate the cost of the cutlery. B. To test the service quality of the restaurant. C. To pass the time while waiting for the food. D. To guess the number of cutlery sets provided. 5. What is Alibaba’s solution to the cutlery waste problem? A. Charging extra for cutlery. B. Designing new food-delivery apps. C. Letting customers decide cutlery quantity. D. Encouraging restaurants to offer less package. 6. What does the underlined part “low-hanging fruits” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Problems that are hard to solve. B. Ideas that are creative but risky. C. Measures that are easy and effective. D. Goals that are difficult to achieve. 7. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. The Plastic Straw Debate B. Active Environment Policy C. Reducing Food-Delivery Cost D. Nudging Consumers to Cut Waste 【答案】4. D 5. C 6. C 7. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了阿里巴巴通过顾客决定餐具的数量解决餐具浪费问题，解释了背后的原理。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“When I order food for delivery, I often play a little game, wondering how many sets of cutlery (餐具) the restaurant will include with my meal. More often than not, restaurants go overboard. They throw in two, three, or even four sets, even though I rarely need any. This extra cutlery either ends up in the trash or collecting dust in a kitchen drawer, which is such a waste. (当我点外卖的时候，我经常玩一个小游戏，想知道餐馆会给我提供多少套餐具。通常情况下，餐馆会做得过火。他们会提供两套，三套，甚至四套，尽管我很少需要。这些多余的餐具要么被扔进垃圾桶，要么被放在厨房抽屉里积灰，这是一种浪费)”可知，当订餐时，作者游戏的目的是猜测提供的餐具套的数量。故选D。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Instead of mindlessly handing out cutlery, they made a change to their food-delivery app. In select cities in China, customers now have to choose how many sets of cutlery they actually want from the restaurant.(他们不再盲目地分发餐具，而是改变了他们的送餐应用程序。在中国的一些城市，顾客现在必须选择他们真正想从餐馆买多少套餐具)”可知，阿里巴巴让顾客决定餐具的数量，以此解决餐具浪费问题。故选C。 【6题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段“Chinese tech giant Alibaba and its researchers came up with a simple solution to this common problem.(中国科技巨头阿里巴巴及其研究人员提出了一个简单的解决方案来解决这个普遍问题)”；“The results, published in the journal Science, were astonishing. There was a whopping 648% increase in the number of orders with no cutlery requested. If this approach were rolled out across China, researchers estimated that it could save nearly 22 billion sets of plastic cutlery and reduce 3.26 million metric tons of plastic waste.(发表在《科学》杂志上的研究结果令人震惊。没有餐具的订单数量激增了648%。研究人员估计，如果这种方法在中国推广，可以节省近220亿套塑料餐具，减少326万吨塑料垃圾)”以及划线词后文“For Alibaba, this “nudge” to customers cost them nothing more than a few hours of software engineering time.(对阿里巴巴来说，这种对客户的“轻推”只不过花费了几个小时的软件工程时间)”可知，此处指第二段阿里巴巴让顾客决定餐具的数量解决餐具浪费问题，效果明显，说明这是一种简单有效的措施，推测划线词意思是“简单有效的措施”。故选C。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“If this approach were rolled out across China, researchers estimated that it could save nearly 22 billion sets of plastic cutlery and reduce 3.26 million metric tons of plastic waste.(研究人员估计，如果这种方法在中国推广，可以节省近220亿套塑料餐具，减少326万吨塑料垃圾)”结合文章主要说明了阿里巴巴通过顾客决定餐具的数量解决餐具浪费问题，解释了背后的原理。可知，D选项“轻推消费者减少浪费”最适合作为文章标题。故选D。 C Having worked in the AI field for over a decade, Zhang Qiang never imagined his expertise would intersect with jiandu — China’s 3,000-year-old bamboo and wooden slips — until he and his team developed DeepJiandu, the world’s first large-scale dataset dedicated to character recognition for these cultural relics. Regarded as China’s earliest form of books, jiandu served as a bridge in the evolution of Chinese writing — from oracle bone (甲骨文) and bronze inscriptions to later paper documents. Unlike existing tools designed to detect readable characters on ancient paper documents, DeepJiandu was created specifically to tackle the challenges of deciphering (辨认) jiandu characters under complex conditions, such as characters of varying sizes from different dynasties, connected strokes in ancient handwriting, and characters damaged or faded by natural elements — issues deemed the “most common yet unavoidable” in jiandu preservation. To aid researchers in studying jiandu, the DeepJiandu dataset offers 7,416 infrared (红外线的) images generated from scans of over 40,000 physical jiandu samples. The team analyzed individual samples to produce nearly 100,000 annotations (评注). Though seemingly minor, these annotations “significantly clarify character meanings,” enabling even novices to interpret jiandu contents. The team’s vision of an open-source “lexicon” for jiandu predates the dataset itself. In June 2024, they launched an even more comprehensive data-sharing platform dedicated to jiandu relics, supported by Northwest Normal University. Museums are leveraging technology to enhance visitor engagement. For instance the Changsha Jiandu Museum in Hunan — home to over 100,000 Wu Kingdom jiandu pieces — uses AR-enabled picture books with QR codes to illustrate historical narratives. Similarly, the Gansu Jiandu Museum employs AI-guided robots named “Jian” and “Du” to interact with visitors. As museum director Zhu Jianjun notes, these digital innovations exemplify China’s integration of technology and cultural preservation, bridging ancient texts with modern tools to make jiandu accessible to all. 8. What can we learn about jiandu from the first paragraph? A. It served as a transitional medium for Chinese writing. B. It totally replaced oracle bone and bronze inscriptions. C. It was mainly used for artistic purposes in ancient times. D. It was made of wood clips with a history of 5000 years old. 9. What technical features help DeepJiandu address character recognition problems? A. Bronze inscription comparison tools. B. Interactive robots with voice guidance. C. Infrared images and detailed explanations. D. AR picture books with QR code scanning. 10. What does the underlined word “lexicon” in paragraph 4 probably refer to? A. A collection of ancient relics. B. A standardized writing system. C. A digital preservation technique. D. A reference database for characters. 11. Why are the museums in Changsha and Gansu mentioned? A. To emphasize jiandu’s commercial value. B. To highlight tech-based educational system. C. To promote traditional museum practices. D. To compare regional preservation policies. 【答案】8. A 9. C 10. D 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人工智能专家张强团队研发的DeepJiandu数据集，该数据集通过红外影像与人工智能技术实现对中国古代竹简木牍文字的智能识别，阐述了其突破传统文献检测工具局限的技术特点、数据规模及文化价值，并延伸说明了该技术在博物馆数字化展示中的创新应用，展现了科技赋能文化遗产保护的实践成果。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Regarded as China’s earliest form of books, jiandu served as a bridge in the evolution of Chinese writing — from oracle bone and bronze inscriptions to later paper documents.(简牍被视为中国最早的书籍形式，在汉字书写的演变中充当了桥梁 —— 从甲骨文、青铜器铭文到后来的纸质文献)”可知，简牍是中国文字发展的过渡媒介。故选A。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“To aid researchers in studying jiandu, the DeepJiandu dataset offers 7,416 infrared (红外线的) images generated from scans of over 40,000 physical jiandu samples. The team analyzed individual samples to produce nearly 100,000 annotations (评注). Though seemingly minor, these annotations ‘significantly clarify character meanings,’ enabling even novices to interpret jiandu contents.(为了帮助研究人员研究简牍，DeepJiandu 数据集提供了7416张红外图像，这些图像是通过扫描40000多个物理建都样本生成的。该团队分析了单个样本，产生了近10万个注释。虽然这些注释看似微不足道，但它们‘显著地阐明了汉字的含义’，即使是新手也能解释简牍的内容)”可知，该技术通过红外图像和详细注释解决识别难题。故选C。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段“The team’s vision of an open-source “lexicon” for jiandu predates the dataset itself. In June 2024, they launched an even more comprehensive data-sharing platform dedicated to jiandu relics, supported by Northwest Normal University.(团队为简牍建立开源lexicon的愿景早于数据集本身。2024年6月，在西北师范大学的支持下，他们推出了一个更全面的建都文物数据共享平台)”并结合上下文“数据集”、“数据共享平台”可知，lexicon指字符参考数据库。故选D。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Museums are leveraging technology to enhance visitor engagement. For instance, the Changsha Jiandu Museum in Hunan — home to over 100,000 Wu Kingdom jiandu pieces — uses AR-enabled picture books with QR codes to illustrate historical narratives. Similarly, the Gansu Jiandu Museum employs AI-guided robots named ‘Jian’ and ‘Du’ to interact with visitors. As museum director Zhu Jianjun notes, these digital innovations exemplify China’s integration of technology and cultural preservation, bridging ancient texts with modern tools to make jiandu accessible to all.(博物馆正在利用技术来提高游客的参与度。例如，湖南长沙简牍博物馆——收藏了超过10万件吴国简牍作品——使用带有二维码的AR图画书来说明历史故事。同样，甘肃简牍博物馆采用名为‘简’和‘牍’的人工智能引导机器人与游客互动。正如博物馆馆长朱建军所指出的那样，这些数字创新体现了中国技术与文化保护的融合，将古代文献与现代工具联系起来，使简牍对所有人开放)”可知，长沙博物馆使用AR图画书，甘肃博物馆采用AI机器人，均为基于技术的教育方式的例证，旨在说明科技在文化传承中的应用。故选B。 D For years, scientists have believed that the only way oxygen could be created in the ocean was through photosynthesis. Huge amounts of oxygen get produced in the sunlight of the upper ocean, but scientists expected that on the dark ocean bottom, oxygen levels would drop as animals used the water's oxygen for energy. But in 2013, Andrew Sweetman, a scientist who studies the ocean floor, began to notice something strange. When he measured the oxygen in the water above the ocean floor, he found that the levels of oxygen were rising. That didn't make sense. There's no light on the ocean floor, so photosynthesis can't happen there. Dr. Sweetman thought his equipment wasn't working. But he was wrong. In 2021, he used a different method to measure the oxygen levels. The new measurements also showed oxygen levels rising. That's when he realised something unusual was going on. Somehow, oxygen was being created on the dark ocean floor. Many companies are interested in mining the sea bottom, where there are many small rock-like objects called “polymetallic nodules (多金属结核)”. These nodules may be responsible for creating the “dark oxygen”. To learn more about how the oxygen was being created, Dr. Sweetman collected samples of the nodules and took them back to the laboratory to study. At first, they thought that tiny living things called microbes (微生物) might be creating oxygen. Then they thought that the nodules might be releasing oxygen somehow. But neither idea was right. Finally, Dr. Sweetman began to wonder if the nodules were somehow acting like batteries, and producing electricity. The idea made sense. Working with scientists at Northwestern University, Dr. Sweetman discovered that the nodules produce a small amount of electricity. When the nodules are close together, they create enough electricity to produce oxygen. The discovery raises more concerns about deep-sea mining. These nodules are exactly what many mining companies are hoping to collect. Dr. Sweetman worries that deep-sea mining could destroy the nodules, which is important to the way the deep-sea works. 12. What do the underlined words “through photosynthesis” in Paragraph 1 mean? A. By dividing water into oxygen. B. By using sunlight to create oxygen. C. By reflecting sunlight of the upper ocean. D. By taking advantage of the flow of ocean currents. 13. What do we know about polymetallic nodules? A. They are responsible for releasing oxygen. B. They are in charge of collecting oxygen. C. They are related to electricity production. D. They are batteries generating electricity. 14. What does the author imply in the last paragraph? A. We should be careful about seabed mining. B. The nodules are invaluable and unending. C. We are ignorant of the way the deep sea works. D. The new discovery means ruining the nodules. 15. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Life Must Have Begun from Deep Underwater B. The Ocean Floor Holds Secret for Us to Explore C. Companies Should Think Twice before Starting Mining D. Scientists Find “Dark Oxygen” on the Sea Floor 【答案】12. B 13. C 14. A 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家对海洋中氧气产生方式的新发现，特别是关于在黑暗的深海海底氧气水平上升的现象，并探讨了这一现象可能与多金属结核有关，最后还提到了这一发现对深海采矿可能产生的影响。 【12题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词组所在语境“For years, scientists have believed that the only way oxygen could be created in the ocean was through photosynthesis. Huge amounts of oxygen get produced in the sunlight of the upper ocean, but scientists expected that on the dark ocean bottom, oxygen levels would drop as animals used the water's oxygen for energy.(多年来，科学家们一直认为海洋中产生氧气的唯一途径是……。上层海洋在阳光照射下会产生大量氧气，但科学家们曾预计，在黑暗的海底，随着动物利用水中的氧气获取能量，氧气含量会下降。)”可推测，“photosynthesis”指的是上层海洋利用阳光将二氧化碳和水转化为氧气的过程。因此“through photosynthesis”指的是“通过利用阳光制造氧气”。选项B“By using sunlight to create oxygen.(通过利用阳光制造氧气)”与此相符。故选B。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Working with scientists at Northwestern University, Dr. Sweetman discovered that the nodules produce a small amount of electricity. When the nodules are close together, they create enough electricity to produce oxygen.( Sweetman博士与西北大学的科学家合作，发现多金属结核会产生少量电流。当结核彼此靠近时，产生的电流足以制造氧气。)”可知，金属结核能产生少量电流，且电流可促使氧气生成。这表明结核与电的产生相关。故选C。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“The discovery raises more concerns about deep-sea mining. These nodules are exactly what many mining companies are hoping to collect. Dr. Sweetman worries that deep-sea mining could destroy the nodules, which is important to the way the deep-sea works.(这一发现引发了人们对深海采矿的更多担忧。多金属结核正是许多采矿公司希望采集的目标。Sweetman博士担心，深海采矿可能会破坏这些结核，而它们对深海生态系统的运作至关重要。)”可知，多金属结核对深海生态系统至关重要，而深海采矿可能破坏结核，由此作者隐含应谨慎对待海底采矿的态度。故选A。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章全文内容可知，文章主要讲述科学家在黑暗的海底发现了氧气的产生机制（由多金属结核发电导致），颠覆了以往海洋氧气仅来自光合作用的认知。核心事件是海底黑暗环境中氧气的发现。选项D“Scientists Find “Dark Oxygen” on the Sea Floor(科学家在海底发现黑暗氧气)”直接点明“海底”和“黑暗氧气”这两大关键信息，契合文章主旨。故选D。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Exercise needs differ from person to person due to a number of reasons. ____16____ Genetic variability Genes play a very big role in determining a person’s response to exercise. ____17____ Some people may naturally prefer endurance activities, while others may have a genetic make-up that favours strength exercise. Therefore, different genes determine different reactions. Age ____18____ Children and adolescents may have different needs for growth and development compared to adults or older people focusing on bone density and functional abilities. When you are at different ages, you have to choose different exercise. Personal goals Not everyone wants to get faster or be stronger. Most people have their own goals when exercising and the plan they follow needs to meet those goals. ____19____ For example, some people tend to exercise in a team or class, while others favor solo workouts. In between exercise Activity levels between workouts will also influence a person’s exercise needs and how much they eat. If you’re in an active job, for example, you might not need as much exercise as someone who often sits. Recovery is equally crucial, as this is where the majority of your gains are made. ____20____ Recognizing and accepting these differences is vital for tailoring effective and sustainable exercise programs that meet a person’s needs. A. Personal preferences also come into play. B. There are various ways to meet people’s needs. C. So what are the factors that contribute to varying needs? D. Motivation and stress level also affect your recovery often. E. Exercise requirements change over the course of a person’s life. F. Everyone has different recovery times, even after doing the same workout. G. Gene influences factors such as muscle fiber composition and other capacities. 【答案】16. C 17. G 18. E 19. A 20. F 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要讲的是锻炼需求因人而异的原因。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Exercise needs differ from person to person due to a number of reasons.(由于一些原因，锻炼需求因人而异。)”以及后文主要讲述的是为什么要制定不同的运动计划，可知，本句引出后文关于需求不同的问题。C选项“So what are the factors that contribute to varying needs?(那么是什么因素导致了不同的需求？)”引出后文导致不同的需求的因素，承上启下，符合语境，故选C。 【17题详解】 根据上文“Genes play a very big role in determining a person’s response to exercise.(基因在决定一个人对运动的反应方面起着非常重要的作用。)”可知，本句承接上文，说明基因对于运动的影响。G选项“Gene influences factors such as muscle fiber composition and other capacities.(基因影响肌纤维组成和其他能力等因素。)”说明了基因的影响，承接上文，符合语境，故选G。 【18题详解】 根据后文“Children and adolescents may have different needs for growth and development compared to adults or older people focusing on bone density and functional abilities. When you are at different ages, you have to choose different exercise.(与成年人或老年人相比，儿童和青少年可能对骨密度和功能能力有不同的生长和发育需求。当你在不同的年龄，你必须选择不同的运动。)”可知，后文内容告诉我们随着年龄的增长，运动需求会发生改变。E选项“Exercise requirements change over the course of a person’s life.(在人的一生中，运动需求会发生变化。)”说明了运动需求随年龄而变化，引起下文，符合语境，故选E。 【19题详解】 空后“For example, some people tend to exercise in a team or class, while others favor solo workouts.(例如，有些人倾向于在团队或班级中锻炼，而另一些人则喜欢单独锻炼。)”说明了个人对在团队中锻炼还是个人单独锻炼的喜好也不同，A选项“Personal preferences also come into play.(个人偏好也会起作用。)”说明了个人喜好会起作用，引起下文，符合语境，故选A。 【20题详解】 根据上文“Recovery is equally crucial, as this is where the majority of your gains are made.(恢复也很重要，因为这是你获得大部分收益的地方。)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文，继续就每个人的运动恢复进行说明。F选项“Everyone has different recovery times, even after doing the same workout.(每个人都有不同的恢复时间，即使在做了同样的锻炼之后。)”说的内容和恢复有关，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选F。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15个小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In a remarkable display of perseverance and the power of community, 17-year-old Alex Thompson has overcome significant challenges to become an inspiration for his peers. Growing up in a single-parent household, Alex ____21____ financial hardships. His mother, a factory worker, barely made ends meet, leaving ____22____ room for educational resources or extracurricular activities. Despite these ____23____, Alex was determined to succeed academically. After school, he ____24____ groceries at a local supermarket and mowed lawns on weekends. However, the combined demands of work and study got his learning state ____25____. His grades started to ____26____, and he was on the verge of giving up. Thankfully, the community ____27____. The local Boys & Girls Club offered Alex a scholarship for tutoring. Dedicated volunteers helped him with math and writing, while the library provided free ____28____ to educational resources. With this new-found support, Alex’s ____29____ performance began to turn around. And he joined the ____30____ club, enhancing his public speaking and critical thinking skills. Alex’s story took an even more ____31____ turn when he was selected to participate in a renowned STEM summer camp. There, he was ____32____ to cutting-edge tech for the first time and discovered his passion for computer science. Back at school, he started a coding club, which quickly grew in ____33____. He organized workshops and competitions, drawing a great deal of attention from both students and teachers alike. Now, as he nears his senior year, Alex has his sights set on college. He’s applied to top-tier universities, dreaming of using his skills to help disadvantaged communities. As he said ____34____, “With my community’s help, I’ve got through challenges and found my passion. There’s always ____35____.” 21. A. witnessed B. suffered C. defeated D. obtained 22. A. rough B. moderate C. little D. sufficient 23. A. budgets B. punishments C. disasters D. obstacles 24. A. sponsored B. bagged C. operated D. donated 25. A. threatened B. advanced C. promoted D. maintained 26. A. grow B. slip C. quit D. cancel 27. A. turned down B. caught up C. stepped in D. pulled over 28. A. access B. response C. contribution D. permission 29. A. economic B. physical C. academic D. emotional 30. A. music B. drama C. science D. debate 31. A. positive B. permanent C. tough D. opposite 32. A. accustomed B. exposed C. addicted D. related 33. A. popularity B. inspiration C. tendency D. complexity 34. A. attentively B. gratefully C. eagerly D. casually 35. A. virtue B. happiness C. hope D. fortune 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. A 34. B 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了17岁少年亚历克斯・汤普森（Alex Thompson）在单亲家庭中克服经济困难，通过社区支持和自身努力实现人生转折的故事。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：成长于单亲家庭的Alex曾饱受经济困难之苦。A. witnessed目击；B. suffered遭受；C. defeated打败；D. obtained获得。根据下文“His mother, a factory worker, barely made ends meet”可知，Alex的家庭经济困难。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他母亲是一名工厂工人，勉强维持生计，几乎没有余力为他提供教育资源或课外活动机会。A. rough粗糙的；B. moderate适度的；C. little很少的；D. sufficient足够的。根据上文“His mother, a factory worker, barely made ends meet”可知，Alex的家庭经济困难，所以几乎没有钱用于教育资源或课外活动，空格处意为“很少的”。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管面临这些障碍，Alex仍决心在学业上取得成功。A. budgets预算；B. punishments惩罚；C. disasters灾难；D. obstacles障碍。根据上文“His mother, a factory worker, barely made ends meet, leaving little room for educational resources or extracurricular activities.”可知，这些均为成长中的障碍。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：放学后，他在当地超市负责将食品装袋，周末则帮人修剪草坪。A. sponsored发起；B. bagged把……装进袋子；C. operated操作；D. donated捐赠。根据下文“groceries at a local supermarket”可知，Alex放学后在超市里给顾客把商品装进袋子。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，工作与学习的双重压力让他的学业受到影响。A. threatened威胁；B. advanced前进；C. promoted促进；D. maintained维持。根据下文“he was on the verge of giving up”可知，学业受到负面影响，空格处意为“威胁”。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的成绩开始下滑，一度濒临放弃。A. grow成长；B. slip下滑；C. quit停止；D. cancel取消。根据下文“and he was on the verge of giving up.”可知，Alex的成绩开始下滑。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：谢天谢地，社区介入了。A. turned down拒绝；B. caught up赶上；C. stepped in介入；D. pulled over靠边停车。根据下文“Boys & Girls Club offered a scholarship”和“volunteers helped”可知，社区主动介入帮助。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：敬业的志愿者帮助他学习数学和写作，而图书馆则免费提供教育资源。A. access使用权；B. response回应；C. contribution贡献；D. permission允许。根据下文“educational resources”可知，此处表示有使用教育资源的机会，access to为固定搭配，意为“使用……的机会”。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有了这个新的支持，Alex的学业表现开始好转。A. economic经济的；B. physical身体的；C. academic学业的；D. emotional情感的。根据上文“With this new-found support”可知，Alex的成绩开始好转，academic performance意为“学业成绩”。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他还加入了辩论俱乐部，提升了自己的公众演讲和批判性思维能力。A. music音乐；B. drama戏剧；C. science科学；D. debate辩论。根据下文“enhancing his public speaking and critical thinking skills”可知，Alex加入了辩论俱乐部。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当他被选中参加一个著名的STEM夏令营时，Alex的故事发生了更积极的转变。A. positive积极的；B. permanent永久的；C. tough困难的；D. opposite相反的。根据下文“when he was selected to participate in a renowned STEM summer camp.”可知，Alex的故事发生了更积极的转变。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那里，他首次接触到前沿科技，并发现了自己对计算机科学的热爱。A. accustomed使习惯；B. exposed使接触；C. addicted使上瘾；D. related联系。根据下文“cutting-edge tech for the first time”可知，首次接触前沿科技。be exposed to为固定短语，意为“接触”。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：回到学校后，他创办了一个编程俱乐部，这个俱乐部很快就流行起来。A. popularity流行；B. inspiration灵感；C. tendency趋势；D. complexity复杂性。根据下文“drawing a great deal of attention from both students and teachers alike”可知，Alex创办的编程俱乐部很快就流行起来。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：正如他心怀感激地所说：“在社区的帮助下，我克服了挑战，找到了自己的热情所在。希望永远存在。”A. attentively注意地；B. gratefully感激地；C. eagerly渴望地；D. casually随意地。根据下文“With my community’s help, I’ve overcome challenges and found my passion.”可知，Alex感激地说。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：正如他心怀感激地所说：“在社区的帮助下，我克服了挑战，找到了自己的热情所在。希望永远存在。”A. virtue美德；B. happiness幸福；C. hope希望；D. fortune运气。根据上文“I’ve got through challenges and found my passion”可知，Alex克服了挑战，走出困境，所以此处是指希望永远存在。故选C。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The U.S. National Museum of Asian Art has returned two volumes of ancient Chinese silk manuscript (手稿) to China, which ____36____ (arrive) in Beijing on Sunday after nearly 80 years abroad. This manuscript, whose value experts say is ____37____ (compare) to that of the Dead Sea Scrolls in the West, is the oldest Chinese silk ____38____ (write) found so far and the only known one from the Warring States Period found in China. The name, Zidanku Silk Manuscript, came from the site ____39____ it was stolen by grave robbers. It was then taken ____40____ (illegal) to the US in 1946. China’s ambassador to the US said that the manuscript has over 900 characters ____41____ is full of myths and numbers. He said ____42____ return of the two volumes is a cultural milestone and a testament (证明) to China-U.S. cooperation in heritage protection and ____43____ the move brings new vitality to people-to-people exchanges and friendship. He also added that when the two countries work together ____44____ (base) on being equal and respecting each other, they can achieve important results that help both sides and others. An expert in international law mentioned that it is difficult to get back China’s lost cultural items overseas because many of them were lost over a long time ____45____ different reasons, and they are spread out. He said it is important to make a full list of these lost items and study where they came from and how they were moved. 【答案】36. arrived 37. comparable 38. writing 39. where 40. illegally 41. and 42. the 43. that 44. based 45. for 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述美国国家亚洲艺术博物馆向中国归还两卷中国古代丝绸手稿的事件，介绍了手稿的价值、流失经历及相关意义。 【36题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：美国国家亚洲艺术博物馆向中国归还了两卷中国古代丝绸手稿，这两卷手稿在海外近80年后于周日抵达北京。根据时间状语on Sunday可知，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故填arrived。 【37题详解】 考查形容词。句意：专家表示，这份手稿的价值可与西方的《死海古卷》相媲美，是迄今为止发现的最古老的中国丝绸文字，也是中国境内已知的唯一一份战国时期的丝绸手稿。“be comparable to”为固定短语，意为“可与……相比”，此处用形容词作表语。故填comparable。 【38题详解】 考查名词。句意：专家表示，这份手稿的价值可与西方的《死海古卷》相媲美，是迄今为止发现的最古老的中国丝绸文字，也是中国境内已知的唯一一份战国时期的丝绸手稿。分析句子结构可知，空处作表语，结合句意“文字”可知，应用名词writing，意为“书写；文字”，为不可数名词。故填writing。 39题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：《子弾库丝绸手稿》这个名字来自于它被盗墓者盗走的地点。空处引导定语从句，先行词为site，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 【40题详解】 考查副词。句意：它于1946年被非法带到美国。空处修饰动词taken，应用副词形式。故填illegally。 【41题详解】 考查连词。句意：中国驻美国大使表示，这份手稿有900多个字符，充满了神话和数字。“has over 900 characters”和“is full of myths and numbers”为并列谓语，应用连词and连接。故填and。 【42题详解】 考查冠词。句意：他说，这两卷手稿的回归是一个文化里程碑，证明了中美在遗产保护方面的合作，并且这一举措为民间交流和友谊带来了新的活力。此处特指上文提到的“两卷手稿的回归”，return前需加定冠词the表特指。故填the。 【43题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：他说，这两卷手稿的回归是一个文化里程碑，证明了中美在遗产保护方面的合作，并且这一举措为民间交流和友谊带来了新的活力。分析句子结构可知，said后接两个并列的宾语从句，避免歧义产生，第二个宾语从句的引导词that不可省略。故填that。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他还补充说，当两国在平等和相互尊重的基础上合作时，它们可以取得有助于双方和其他国家的重要成果。分析句子结构可知，空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，“be based on”为固定短语，意为“以……为基础”，此处省略be动词，用过去分词作定语。故填based。 【45题详解】 考查介词。句意：一位国际法专家提到，中国很难找回流失在海外的文物，因为许多文物由于不同的原因在很长一段时间内流失，而且分布分散。“for different reasons”为固定短语，意为“由于不同的原因”，介词for表原因。故填for。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，在上周的高二年级读后续写竞赛中，你的得分为14分（满分25分），你觉得此分数偏低不太合理。请你给外教评委Ryan用英语写一份邮件，内容包括： 1.说明问题； 2.给出理由。 注意: 1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 参考词汇：读后续写 continuation writing Dear Ryan ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Possible version 1: Dear Ryan, I am Li Hua from Grade 2, a participant in the last continuation writing competition. Having scored only 14 for my continuation writing, I felt it unfair, so I am writing to you to state my reasons. For my writing, I felt it totally meets the requirements put forward in the contest. To begin with, the structure of my composition is definitely clear and the plot develops reasonably, no prolixity at all. Additionally, the words and sentences used are colorful, without repeatedly using the same word. I even wrote some compound sentences to update my writing, such as attributive clause, the emphatic pattern, inverted sentence and so on. Finally, a well-known saying is used to end my article, which I think is a perfect highlight of the passage. In a word, with the merits mentioned above, I wonder why I got such a low score. If it is convenient for you, please give me an explanation. Yours sincerely, Li Hua Possible version 2: Dear Ryan, I am Li Hua from Grade 2, a participant in the last continuation writing competition. I received a score of 14 out of 25, and I believe this score is unreasonably low. Firstly, I carefully followed the guidelines and requirements of the competition. I made sure to address the given topic and structure my writing appropriately. Secondly, I also paid attention to grammar, vocabulary, and coherence in my composition. Therefore, I believe my writing should have been evaluated more favorably. In conclusion, I feel that my score of 14 does not accurately represent my writing abilities. I kindly request you to reconsider my score and provide me with a fair evaluation. Thank you for your attention to this matter. I look forward to your prompt response. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华的身份给外教评委Ryan写邮件，反映读后续写竞赛中得分偏低的问题并说明理由。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 满足：meet → satisfy 首先：to begin with → first of all 此外：additionally → furthermore 总之：in a word → in short 2. 句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：For my writing, I felt it totally meets the requirements put forward in the contest. 拓展句：For my writing, I felt it totally meets the requirements that were put forward in the contest. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Finally, a well-known saying is used to end my article, which I think is a perfect highlight of the passage. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】In a word, with the merits mentioned above, I wonder why I got such a low score. (运用了why引导的宾语从句) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Li Ming was a 17-year-old exchange student from China. With a heart full of dreams and a little bit of nervousness, he flew to the United Kingdom to start a new adventure. He had always imagined what it would be like to walk through the historic streets of England and meet people from different parts of the world. But as soon as he arrived at his new school, he felt a little unsure. In his new class, Li Ming struggled to start conversations with his British classmates. They spoke so quickly and used words and phrases he didn't understand. When he tried to join their conversations, he felt shy about his accent and worried that he might say something wrong. He also noticed that British students seemed to value their personal space more than he was used to, which made it even harder for him to find the right moment to start a meaningful talk. Group work was even harder. During a group project in literature class, Li Ming had trouble explaining his ideas clearly, feeling like his ideas were getting lost in translation. And he started to doubt himself. Social events outside of class were just as difficult. At a school party, Li Ming watched his classmates laugh, dance, and sing along to the latest pop songs. He felt left out, not knowing the songs or the dance moves. He wanted to join the fun, but the fear of looking silly kept him on the sidelines. One day, the school announced a talent show, Li Ming, who practiced traditional Chinese kung fu, really wanted to try. While he was hesitating, a group of British students interested in cultural performances invited him to join them. Li Ming agreed. 注意: 1.续写词数应为150个左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 During their practice, the group was amazed by Li Ming’s Chinese kung fu. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After the show, Li Ming noticed some changes happening. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 During their practice, the group was amazed by Li Ming’s Chinese kung fu. His fluid movements combining strength and grace drew gasps of admiration. When he demonstrated a dragon-style sequence, the British students clapped enthusiastically. Sensing their genuine interest, Li Ming offered to teach basic stances. In return, they taught him popular dance steps, blending Eastern and Western elements into their performance. Gradually, Li Ming found himself laughing naturally during rehearsals. The cultural exchange dissolved his anxiety, replacing it with collaborative joy. By performance day, their routine had transformed into a vibrant fusion of martial arts and modern dance. After the show, Li Ming noticed some changes happening. Classmates greeted him warmly in corridors, asking about kung fu philosophies. In literature class, group members actively sought his interpretations, patiently listening to his accented English. At lunch breaks, students invited him to join conversations about cultural differences. The once-daunting school parties became opportunities to share Chinese pop songs. Most importantly, Li Ming stopped overthinking every interaction. He realized communication wasn’t about perfection, but sincere effort. Slowly, his initial adventure transformed into meaningful connections built on mutual curiosity and respect. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了一个叫李明的中国交换学生在英国遇到的适应问题，最后他因为参加才艺表演而有机会展示中国功夫。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“在练习过程中，这群人对李明的中国功夫感到惊讶。”可知，第一段需要详细描写练习时的情景，比如李明展示功夫的具体动作，英国同学的反应。 ②由第二段首句内容“节目结束后，李明注意到一些变化发生了。”可知，第二段可需要展示表演后的积极变化，比如同学们对他的态度转变，主动与他交流，邀请他参加活动，课堂上的参与度提高，以及李明自身心态的变化。 2.续写线索：展示功夫——同学反应——赞叹——变化——互相交流——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①.提供：offer/provide ②.发现：find/discover ③.邀请：invite/ask 情绪类 ①.热情地：enthusiastically/passionately ②.喜悦：joy/happiness 【点睛】[高分句型1]. When he demonstrated a dragon-style sequence, the British students clapped enthusiastically.(由when引导的时间状语从句) [高分句型2].Sensing their genuine interest, Li Ming offered to teach basic stances.(由非谓语动词现在分词作状语) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 集宁一中2024—2025学年第二学期期末考试 高二英语试题 本试卷满分为150分，考试时间:120分钟 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the woman do? A. A chemist. B. A nurse. C. A surgeon. 2. How is the man feeling now? A. Ambitious. B. Confused. C. Disappointed. 3. What will the man do next? A. Argue with the teacher. B. Revise the plan on his own. C. Hold a group talk. 4. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Relatives. B. Neighbors. C. Colleagues. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. Deciding on a purchase. B. Comparing product quality. C. Holding a sales promotion. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 6. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At home. B. At a repair shop. C. In an office. 7. What does the woman advise the man to do? A. Check the power supply. B. Buy a new air conditioner. C. Reach out to a repair service. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8. Where are the speakers? A. In Tokyo. B. In Sydney. C. In Shanghai. 9. Why does the man talk to the woman? A. To solve a transfer problem. B. To complain about a missed flight. C. To request a refund for a delayed flight. 10. What change does the woman make to the man’s flight plan? A. A direct flight to Sydney. B. An earlier departure time. C. A new route via Singapore. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 11. What is the purpose of the recent NASA mission? A. To send astronauts to Mars. B. To collect samples from Mars. C. To launch a new satellite. 12. How long is the mission expected to last? A. A few days. B. A few months. C. Several years. 13. What tool will the spacecraft use to collect samples? A. A laser scanner. B. A robotic arm. C. A drill. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 14. What is the new environmental policy in the city? A. A ban on single-use plastic. B. A tax on plastic products. C. A ban on plastic bags. 15. What additional initiative is being introduced along with the ban? A. A new plastic recycling plant. B. A recycling program for residents. C. A city-wide campaign against plastic. 16. How does the man feel about the new policy? A. Disappointed. B. Supportive. C. Indifferent. 17. What is the man’s hope regarding the new policy? A. That it will be rejected. B. That it will be adopted by other cities. C. That it will be expanded to include more products. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18. What is the main feature of DeepSeek? A. It understands the context of a search inquiry. B. It focuses on entertainment content. C. It provides fast Internet access. 19. In which industries is DeepSeek especially useful? A. Entertainment and media. B. Research, education, and healthcare. C. Retail and marketing. 20. What is expected to happen as DeepSeek continues to develop? A. It will supply faster and more effective searches. B. It will provide more accurate and useful data. C. It will become limited to academic use only. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Volunteer in Africa Dreaming of volunteering in Africa? International Volunteer HQ (IVHQ) will enable you to be immersed in vibrant cultures, discover unique wildlife and make valuable contributions to the local communities. Common questions about volunteering in Africa What volunteer work in Africa does IVHQ offer? Whether you want to volunteer and teach English in Africa, support construction projects, wildlife volunteering, or nursing and medical volunteer abroad projects, IVHQ has volunteer work in Africa that is suitable for volunteers with a range of skills and experience. How much does it cost to volunteer in Africa? Our fully hosted Africa volunteer programs start from as little as $20/day! This includes your accommodation, meals, airport pickup, orientation and comprehensive support services that you won’t find elsewhere. Is it safe to volunteer in Africa? We have a comprehensive approach to managing safety and reducing risks across all of our programs, which gives volunteers the knowledge and confidence they need to stay safe, secure and healthy. This includes: All local teams are trained in volunteer management, are required to undertake first aid training and ensure that programs adhere to IVHQ’s Risk Management Policy. All IVHQ volunteers receive pre-departure and 24/7 in-country support, are required to have travel insurance and are strongly encouraged to take our online pre-departure training which can be accessed for free. How to volunteer in Africa Applying to volunteer in Africa is simple! Once you’ve decided which country you want to volunteer in and which Africa project you would like to join, you can apply. It’s free, only takes a few minutes and there is no commitment needed at this stage. Our team of Volunteer Travel Specialists will then guide you through the next steps to secure your spot and start preparing for your trip. 1. In Africa, IVHQ volunteers can ________. A. manage construction projects B. organize program orientation C. work as language teachers D. undertake first aid training 2. What does IVHQ provide to ensure the safety of volunteers? A. Volunteer projects suitable for all. B. An online pre-departure training. C. Well-trained local communities. D Lectures on cultural difference. 3. Which of the following should be done at the application stage? A. Selecting countries and projects. B. Obtaining passports and visas. C. Making some commitments. D. Arranging accommodations. B When I order food for delivery I often play a little game, wondering how many sets of cutlery (餐具) the restaurant will include with my meal. More often than not, restaurants go overboard. They throw in two, three, or even four sets, even though I rarely need any. This extra cutlery either ends up in the trash or collecting dust in a kitchen drawer, which is such a waste. Chinese tech giant Alibaba and its researchers came up with a simple solution to this common problem. Instead of mindlessly handing out cutlery, they made a change to their food-delivery app. In select cities in China, customers now have to choose how many sets of cutlery they actually want from the restaurant. And guess what? The default (默认) option is set to zero. The results, published in the journal Science, were astonishing. There was a whopping 648% increase in the number of orders with no cutlery requested. If this approach were rolled out across China, researchers estimated that it could save nearly 22 billion sets of plastic cutlery and reduce 3.26 million metric tons of plastic waste. This study really opened my eyes. It shows that there are so many low-hanging fruits in our economy that can help cut waste and emissions. For Alibaba, this “nudge” to customers cost them nothing more than a few hours of software engineering time. But the impact? It was huge. The concept of “nudging” is fascinating. Nudge theory suggests that small, subtle signals can encourage people to do the right thing. There’s no need for strict policies that limit choices or economic punishments. For example, a restaurant could list healthy options at the top of the menu to nudge customers towards making healthier choices. Some might see this study as just another example of putting the onus (责任) on consumers for environmental issues, similar to the plastic straw debate. But I look at it differently. In the absence of comprehensive environmental policies, companies like Alibaba can play a crucial role in driving widespread changes in consumer behavior. 4. What is the aim of the author’s game when ordering food for delivery? A. To calculate the cost of the cutlery. B. To test the service quality of the restaurant. C. To pass the time while waiting for the food. D. To guess the number of cutlery sets provided. 5. What is Alibaba’s solution to the cutlery waste problem? A. Charging extra for cutlery. B. Designing new food-delivery apps. C. Letting customers decide cutlery quantity. D. Encouraging restaurants to offer less package. 6. What does the underlined part “low-hanging fruits” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Problems that are hard to solve. B. Ideas that are creative but risky. C. Measures that are easy and effective. D. Goals that are difficult to achieve. 7. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. The Plastic Straw Debate B. Active Environment Policy C. Reducing Food-Delivery Cost D. Nudging Consumers to Cut Waste C Having worked in the AI field for over a decade, Zhang Qiang never imagined his expertise would intersect with jiandu — China’s 3,000-year-old bamboo and wooden slips — until he and his team developed DeepJiandu, the world’s first large-scale dataset dedicated to character recognition for these cultural relics. Regarded as China’s earliest form of books, jiandu served as a bridge in the evolution of Chinese writing — from oracle bone (甲骨文) and bronze inscriptions to later paper documents. Unlike existing tools designed to detect readable characters on ancient paper documents, DeepJiandu was created specifically to tackle the challenges of deciphering (辨认) jiandu characters under complex conditions, such as characters of varying sizes from different dynasties, connected strokes in ancient handwriting, and characters damaged or faded by natural elements — issues deemed the “most common yet unavoidable” in jiandu preservation. To aid researchers in studying jiandu, the DeepJiandu dataset offers 7,416 infrared (红外线的) images generated from scans of over 40,000 physical jiandu samples. The team analyzed individual samples to produce nearly 100,000 annotations (评注). Though seemingly minor, these annotations “significantly clarify character meanings,” enabling even novices to interpret jiandu contents. The team’s vision of an open-source “lexicon” for jiandu predates the dataset itself. In June 2024, they launched an even more comprehensive data-sharing platform dedicated to jiandu relics, supported by Northwest Normal University. Museums are leveraging technology to enhance visitor engagement. For instance, the Changsha Jiandu Museum in Hunan — home to over 100,000 Wu Kingdom jiandu pieces — uses AR-enabled picture books with QR codes to illustrate historical narratives. Similarly, the Gansu Jiandu Museum employs AI-guided robots named “Jian” and “Du” to interact with visitors. As museum director Zhu Jianjun notes, these digital innovations exemplify China’s integration of technology and cultural preservation, bridging ancient texts with modern tools to make jiandu accessible to all. 8. What can we learn about jiandu from the first paragraph? A It served as a transitional medium for Chinese writing. B. It totally replaced oracle bone and bronze inscriptions. C. It was mainly used for artistic purposes in ancient times. D. It was made of wood clips with a history of 5000 years old. 9. What technical features help DeepJiandu address character recognition problems? A. Bronze inscription comparison tools. B. Interactive robots with voice guidance. C. Infrared images and detailed explanations. D. AR picture books with QR code scanning. 10. What does the underlined word “lexicon” in paragraph 4 probably refer to? A. A collection of ancient relics. B. A standardized writing system. C. A digital preservation technique. D. A reference database for characters. 11. Why are the museums in Changsha and Gansu mentioned? A. To emphasize jiandu’s commercial value. B. To highlight tech-based educational system. C. To promote traditional museum practices. D. To compare regional preservation policies. D For years, scientists have believed that the only way oxygen could be created in the ocean was through photosynthesis. Huge amounts of oxygen get produced in the sunlight of the upper ocean, but scientists expected that on the dark ocean bottom, oxygen levels would drop as animals used the water's oxygen for energy. But in 2013, Andrew Sweetman, a scientist who studies the ocean floor, began to notice something strange. When he measured the oxygen in the water above the ocean floor, he found that the levels of oxygen were rising. That didn't make sense. There's no light on the ocean floor, so photosynthesis can't happen there. Dr. Sweetman thought his equipment wasn't working. But he was wrong. In 2021, he used a different method to measure the oxygen levels. The new measurements also showed oxygen levels rising. That's when he realised something unusual was going on. Somehow, oxygen was being created on the dark ocean floor. Many companies are interested in mining the sea bottom, where there are many small rock-like objects called “polymetallic nodules (多金属结核)”. These nodules may be responsible for creating the “dark oxygen”. To learn more about how the oxygen was being created, Dr. Sweetman collected samples of the nodules and took them back to the laboratory to study. At first, they thought that tiny living things called microbes (微生物) might be creating oxygen. Then they thought that the nodules might be releasing oxygen somehow. But neither idea was right. Finally, Dr. Sweetman began to wonder if the nodules were somehow acting like batteries, and producing electricity. The idea made sense. Working with scientists at Northwestern University, Dr. Sweetman discovered that the nodules produce a small amount of electricity. When the nodules are close together, they create enough electricity to produce oxygen. The discovery raises more concerns about deep-sea mining. These nodules are exactly what many mining companies are hoping to collect. Dr. Sweetman worries that deep-sea mining could destroy the nodules, which is important to the way the deep-sea works. 12. What do the underlined words “through photosynthesis” in Paragraph 1 mean? A. By dividing water into oxygen. B. By using sunlight to create oxygen. C. By reflecting sunlight of the upper ocean. D. By taking advantage of the flow of ocean currents. 13. What do we know about polymetallic nodules? A. They are responsible for releasing oxygen. B They are in charge of collecting oxygen. C. They are related to electricity production. D. They are batteries generating electricity. 14. What does the author imply in the last paragraph? A. We should be careful about seabed mining. B. The nodules are invaluable and unending. C. We are ignorant of the way the deep sea works. D. The new discovery means ruining the nodules. 15. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Life Must Have Begun from Deep Underwater B. The Ocean Floor Holds Secret for Us to Explore C. Companies Should Think Twice before Starting Mining D. Scientists Find “Dark Oxygen” on the Sea Floor 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Exercise needs differ from person to person due to a number of reasons. ____16____ Genetic variability Genes play a very big role in determining a person’s response to exercise. ____17____ Some people may naturally prefer endurance activities, while others may have a genetic make-up that favours strength exercise. Therefore, different genes determine different reactions. Age ____18____ Children and adolescents may have different needs for growth and development compared to adults or older people focusing on bone density and functional abilities. When you are at different ages, you have to choose different exercise. Personal goals Not everyone wants to get faster or be stronger. Most people have their own goals when exercising and the plan they follow needs to meet those goals. ____19____ For example, some people tend to exercise in a team or class, while others favor solo workouts. In between exercise Activity levels between workouts will also influence a person’s exercise needs and how much they eat. If you’re in an active job, for example, you might not need as much exercise as someone who often sits. Recovery is equally crucial, as this is where the majority of your gains are made. ____20____ Recognizing and accepting these differences is vital for tailoring effective and sustainable exercise programs that meet a person’s needs. A. Personal preferences also come into play. B. There are various ways to meet people’s needs. C. So what are the factors that contribute to varying needs? D. Motivation and stress level also affect your recovery often. E. Exercise requirements change over the course of a person’s life. F. Everyone has different recovery times, even after doing the same workout. G. Gene influences factors such as muscle fiber composition and other capacities. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15个小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In a remarkable display of perseverance and the power of community, 17-year-old Alex Thompson has overcome significant challenges to become an inspiration for his peers. Growing up in a single-parent household, Alex ____21____ financial hardships. His mother, a factory worker, barely made ends meet, leaving ____22____ room for educational resources or extracurricular activities. Despite these ____23____, Alex was determined to succeed academically. After school, he ____24____ groceries at a local supermarket and mowed lawns on weekends. However, the combined demands of work and study got his learning state ____25____. His grades started to ____26____, and he was on the verge of giving up. Thankfully, the community ____27____. The local Boys & Girls Club offered Alex a scholarship for tutoring. Dedicated volunteers helped him with math and writing, while the library provided free ____28____ to educational resources. With this new-found support, Alex’s ____29____ performance began to turn around. And he joined the ____30____ club, enhancing his public speaking and critical thinking skills. Alex’s story took an even more ____31____ turn when he was selected to participate in a renowned STEM summer camp. There, he was ____32____ to cutting-edge tech for the first time and discovered his passion for computer science. Back at school, he started a coding club, which quickly grew in ____33____. He organized workshops and competitions, drawing a great deal of attention from both students and teachers alike. Now, as he nears his senior year, Alex has his sights set on college. He’s applied to top-tier universities, dreaming of using his skills to help disadvantaged communities. As he said ____34____, “With my community’s help, I’ve got through challenges and found my passion. There’s always ____35____.” 21. A. witnessed B. suffered C. defeated D. obtained 22. A. rough B. moderate C. little D. sufficient 23. A. budgets B. punishments C. disasters D. obstacles 24. A. sponsored B. bagged C. operated D. donated 25. A. threatened B. advanced C. promoted D. maintained 26. A. grow B. slip C. quit D. cancel 27. A. turned down B. caught up C. stepped in D. pulled over 28. A. access B. response C. contribution D. permission 29. A. economic B. physical C. academic D. emotional 30. A. music B. drama C. science D. debate 31. A. positive B. permanent C. tough D. opposite 32. A. accustomed B. exposed C. addicted D. related 33. A. popularity B. inspiration C. tendency D. complexity 34. A. attentively B. gratefully C. eagerly D. casually 35. A. virtue B. happiness C. hope D. fortune 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The U.S. National Museum of Asian Art has returned two volumes of ancient Chinese silk manuscript (手稿) to China, which ____36____ (arrive) in Beijing on Sunday after nearly 80 years abroad. This manuscript, whose value experts say is ____37____ (compare) to that of the Dead Sea Scrolls in the West, is the oldest Chinese silk ____38____ (write) found so far and the only known one from the Warring States Period found in China. The name, Zidanku Silk Manuscript, came from the site ____39____ it was stolen by grave robbers. It was then taken ____40____ (illegal) to the US in 1946. China’s ambassador to the US said that the manuscript has over 900 characters ____41____ is full of myths and numbers. He said ____42____ return of the two volumes is a cultural milestone and a testament (证明) to China-U.S. cooperation in heritage protection and ____43____ the move brings new vitality to people-to-people exchanges and friendship. He also added that when the two countries work together ____44____ (base) on being equal and respecting each other, they can achieve important results that help both sides and others. An expert in international law mentioned that it is difficult to get back China’s lost cultural items overseas because many of them were lost over a long time ____45____ different reasons, and they are spread out. He said it is important to make a full list of these lost items and study where they came from and how they were moved. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，在上周高二年级读后续写竞赛中，你的得分为14分（满分25分），你觉得此分数偏低不太合理。请你给外教评委Ryan用英语写一份邮件，内容包括： 1.说明问题； 2.给出理由。 注意: 1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 参考词汇：读后续写 continuation writing Dear Ryan, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Li Ming was a 17-year-old exchange student from China. With a heart full of dreams and a little bit of nervousness, he flew to the United Kingdom to start a new adventure. He had always imagined what it would be like to walk through the historic streets of England and meet people from different parts of the world. But as soon as he arrived at his new school, he felt a little unsure. In his new class, Li Ming struggled to start conversations with his British classmates. They spoke so quickly and used words and phrases he didn't understand. When he tried to join their conversations, he felt shy about his accent and worried that he might say something wrong. He also noticed that British students seemed to value their personal space more than he was used to, which made it even harder for him to find the right moment to start a meaningful talk. Group work was even harder. During a group project in literature class, Li Ming had trouble explaining his ideas clearly, feeling like his ideas were getting lost in translation. And he started to doubt himself. Social events outside of class were just as difficult. At a school party, Li Ming watched his classmates laugh, dance, and sing along to the latest pop songs. He felt left out, not knowing the songs or the dance moves. He wanted to join the fun, but the fear of looking silly kept him on the sidelines. One day, the school announced a talent show, Li Ming, who practiced traditional Chinese kung fu, really wanted to try. While he was hesitating, a group of British students interested in cultural performances invited him to join them. Li Ming agreed. 注意: 1.续写词数应为150个左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 During their practice, the group was amazed by Li Ming’s Chinese kung fu. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After the show, Li Ming noticed some changes happening. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$