精品解析：广东省深圳市第二高级中学2024-2025学年高一下学期第六学段(期末)考试英语真题

深圳市第二高级中学2024—2025学年度高一第六学段考试 英语试题 木试卷共8页，满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 注意事项： 1. 答卷前、考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、准考证号码等信息填写在答题卡上。 2. 作答时，务必将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷及草稿纸上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 一、 听力选择题(共20小题;每小题1分，满分20分) 1. What do the speakers like most about this area? A. The bamboo houses. B. The natural scenes. C. The shopping centers. 2. When will the man start his next class? A. At 11:00. B. At 12:00. C. At 12:45. 3. How does the man feel now? A. Carefree. B. Lost. C. Upset. 4. What mistake did the speakers make? A. They cooked too much food: B. They forgot to take their basket. C. They didn’t cover their food properly. 5. What will the woman do next? A Pay a bill. B. Order some food. C. Cook a meal. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6. Where are the speakers currently? A In a classroom. B. At a cafeteria. C. On the stairs. 7. Why does Ms. Muller talk to Jamie? A. Jamie has terrible behavior. B. Jamie is falling behind in the class. C. Jamie might need more challenging work. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8. How are the speakers talking to each other now? A. By having video calls. B. By talking over phones. C. By attending in-person meetings. 9. What field is the man mainly working on now? A. Product design. B. Website development. C. Customer service. 10. Who will the woman speak with next? A. A customer. B. Her boss. C. A builder. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 11. What are the speakers mainly discussing? A. A charity speech. B. A childhood memory. C. A clean-up activity. 12. What does the woman need to take? A. A hat. B. Gloves. C. Bags. 13. What day is it today? A. Saturday. B. Friday. C. Thursday. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Mother and son. B. Husband and wife. C. Salesperson and cus 15. Why does the woman want to shop this week? A. To treat herself. B. To prepare for Thanksgiving. C. To buy presents for the family. 16. What worries the man about the Black Friday event? A. He will get lost. B. There’ ll be a big crowd. C. The prices won’t be good. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17. What is a tradition in the speaker’s family? A. Working for the family business. B. Making a family photo book each year. C. Getting a degree in business management. 18. What is the speaker’s role at the company now? A. A product designer. B. A leading director. C. A factory worker. 19. What does the company mainly sell? A. Skin care products. B. Cleaning supplies. C. Home decorations. 20. What is the speaker’s goal? A. Selling the products overseas. B. Improving the products’ quality. C. Changing the style of the products. 二、单项选择题(共20小题;每小题1分，满分20分) 1. One of his most admirable ________ is his ability to remain calm under pressure. A. catastrophes B. identities C. conquests D. traits 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他最令人钦佩的特质之一是他在压力下保持冷静的能力。A. catastrophes灾难；B. identities身份；C. conquests征服；D. traits特质。结合“his ability to remain calm under pressure”可知，空格处应表达“特质”，故用traits。故选D。 2. After years of planning, they finally decided to ________ the ambitious project. A. consist of B. embark on C. take off D. put aside 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：经过多年的规划，他们最终决定着手开展这个雄心勃勃的项目。A. consist of由……组成；B. embark on着手做、开始从事；C. take off起飞、脱下、突然成功；D. put aside把……放在一边、搁置、储蓄。根据“After years of planning”以及“the ambitious project”可推知，在经过多年规划后，他们要开始实施这个项目了，动词短语embark on符合语境。故选B项。 3. The new ________ area is designed to provide a comfortable living environment for families. A. ornamental B. vulnerable C. residential D. poisonous 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个新的住宅区旨在为家庭提供舒适的居住环境。A. ornamental装饰性的；B. vulnerable脆弱的；C. residential居住的，住宅的；D. poisonous有毒的。根据句意和“provide a comfortable living environment for families”可知，这里指这个住宅区会提供一个很好的居住环境。故选C项。 4. The initial meeting was productive, and ________ discussions led to a successful agreement. A. pioneering B. subsequent C. fragile D. depressing 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最初的会议是富有成效的，随后的讨论促成了一项成功的协议。A. pioneering开创性的；B. subsequent随后的；C. fragile脆弱的；D. depressing令人忧愁的，使人沮丧的。根据“The initial meeting”可知，subsequent“随后的”符合题意，就最初的会议而言有了随后的讨论。故选B。 5. She proved to be very ________ when she found creative solutions to the project’s challenges. A. resourceful B. substantial C. passive D. ethnic 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当她为项目挑战找到创造性的解决方案时，她证明了自己非常足智多谋。A. resourceful足智多谋的；B. substantial大量的；C. passive被动的；D. ethnic种族的。结合“when she found creative solutions to the project’s challenges”可知，空格处应表达“足智多谋的”，故用resourceful，作表语。故选A。 6. Adding too many details to the project plan only served to ________ matters and delay progress. A. complicate B. outnumber C. reconstruct D. portray 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在项目计划中添加过多细节，只会使事情变得复杂，还会延误进度。A. complicate使复杂化；B. outnumber数量超过；C. reconstruct重建；D. portray描绘。根据句意和“Adding too many details to the project plan”可知，这里指添加过多东西使事情变得复杂了。故选A项。 7. Despite numerous challenges, she continued to make every ________ to achieve her academic goals. A. likelihood B. navigation C. endeavor D. anticipation 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管面临诸多挑战，她仍继续竭尽全力去实现自己的学术目标。A. likelihood可能性；B. navigation导航；C. endeavor努力；D. anticipation期待。根据句意和to achieve her academic goals可知，这里指她竭尽全力去实现自己的目标。故选C项。 8. When planning their future, the couple tried to ________ a life filled with happiness and success for their family. A. boost B. savor C. retreat D. envision 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在规划未来时，这对夫妇试图为他们的家庭设想一个充满幸福和成功的生活。A. boost促进；B. savor品味；C. retreat撤退；D. envision设想。结合“a life filled with happiness and success for their family”可知，空格处应表达“设想”，故用envision。故选D。 9. He decided to ________ his spare time to volunteering, believing it was a meaningful way to contribute to society. A. degrade B. neglect C. interfere D. dedicate 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他决定把业余时间奉献给志愿服务，相信这是为社会做贡献的一种有意义的方式。A. degrade（使）退化，降解；B. neglect忽视；C. interfere干涉，妨碍；D. dedicate献（身），致力。根据“his spare time to volunteering”可知，dedicate“献（身），致力”符合题意，构成短语dedicate sth. do doing“将某物奉献给做某事”，表示“把业余时间奉献给志愿服务”。故选D。 10. The artist found ________ in the vibrant colours of the sunset, which motivated him to create a new masterpiece. A. cultivation B. inspiration C. exhibition D. concentration 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位艺术家从日落绚丽的色彩中找到了灵感，这促使他创作了一幅新的杰作。A. cultivation培养；B. inspiration灵感；C. exhibition展览；D. concentration专注。根据句意和create a new masterpiece可知，这里指这位艺术家从日落中找到了灵感从而创造出新作。故选B项。 11. Throughout the world _________ advance has been made in science and technology is due to education which brings forth knowledge, creation and inventions. A. whoever B. whatever C. what D. that 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：全世界科学技术的任何进步都归功于教育，它带来了知识、创造和发明。分析句子可知，设空处引导主语从句，在主语从句中，advance（进步）是名词，设空处需要一个既能引导主语从句，又能在从句中作定语修饰 advance的词。“whatever” 在这里引导主语从句，相当于“any advance that”，表示“无论什么样的”，在句中作定语修饰“advance”，强调不管是在科技方面取得的何种进步都归功于教育。故选B项。 12. Though ________ with numerous challenges, the scientist never stopped ________ experiments to find a cure for the rare disease. A. faced; to conduct B. facing; conducting C. faced; conducting D. facing; to conduct 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管面临众多挑战，这位科学家从未停止进行实验以寻找治疗这种罕见疾病的方法。本句谓语为stopped，这两空均为非谓语动词，第一空：be faced with“面临”，此处省略be动词，用过去分词faced作状语。第二空：conduct“做”；stop doing sth.表示 “停止做某事”，stop to do sth. 表示“停下来去做另一件事”。此处表示科学家从未停止“进行实验”，应用动名词conducting，作宾语。故选C。 13. It was her dedication to helping others ______ impressed everyone at the event. A. who B. whom C. that D. which 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查强调句型。句意：正是她致力于帮助他人的精神让活动现场的所有人都印象深刻。去掉it was和空处句子依然完整，故此处考查强调句；强调句结构为：It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他部分，当被强调部分是人时，可用who或that；被强调部分是物或情况时，只能用that，本句中强调句子的主语her dedication to helping others。故选C。 14. Only when they reached the restaurant ______ that it was the same place they had been in last year. A. had they realized B. they did realize C. realized they D. did they realize 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查倒装句。句意：只有当他们到达那家餐馆时，他们才意识到这就是他们去年去过的地方。only+状语放在句首，句子要用部分倒装，根据句中的reached可知本句为一般过去时，倒装部分要将助动词did 提前。故选D。 15. Hard __________ he tried, he couldn’t figure out the solution to the math problem within the time limit. A. although B. while C. as D. even if 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查让步状语从句和倒装结构。句意：尽管他非常努力，他仍然无法在规定时间内解出这道数学题。四个选项均可引导让步状语从句，但只有as在引导让步状语从句时，可用部分倒装，其结构为“形容词/副词 + as + 主语 + 谓语”，与题干中的Hard as he tried结构相符。故选C项。 16. — What makes him so excited these days? — ________ a key university. A. Admitted into B. Admitting C. Having been admitted into D. Being admitted to 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：——这些天什么让他如此兴奋？——被一所重点大学录取。分析句子结构可知，答句是省略句，完整形式为“________ a key university makes him so excited these days”，空格处需作主语。由于主语部分需要表达的是一个动作或状态，应使用动名词形式，且逻辑主语him与admit之间是被动关系，故用动名词的被动式。Having been admitted into是现在分词完成被动式，强调动作先于谓语动词的动作发生，通常作状语，而非主语。故选D。 17. — Why hasn’t he come yet? — I don’t know, but I ________ him of the meeting. A. had reminded B. did remind C. does remind D. remind 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态和强调句。句意：——为什么他还没来？——我不知道，但是我确实提醒过他会议的事了。remind(提醒)是分句谓语动词，根据句意，“提醒过他会议的事”是过去的事情，用一般过去时态，又因为说话人想强调自己确实提醒过，可用“do/does/did+谓语动词(动词原形)”结构来强调谓语动作，构成强调句，一般过去时态中助动词用did。故选B项。 18. On the contrary, I think it is David, __________ you, that __________ to blame. A. rather than; is B. rather than; are C. more than; is D. more than; are 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查短语辨析和主谓一致。句意：相反，我认为是大卫，而不是你，应该受到责备。rather than而不是；more than超过、不仅仅。“it is David, _____ you, that _____ to blame.”是一个强调句，被强调部分“David, _____ you”是原句主语，第一空处表示是“David”而不是“you”该受责备，所以用连词rather than连接；第二空处是原句谓语，是连系动词，根据主谓一致中“就远原则”，当“rather than”连接两个名词做主语时，谓语动词要与前面的名词保持一致，所以系动词与前面的名词“David”保持人称和数的一致，是第三人称单数形式is。故选A项。 19. The local guide told the explorers that ropes and knives were ________ wanted to go into the inner part of the mountain must take along. A. that whoever B. what who C. what whoever D. that who 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：当地导游告诉探险者，任何想进入山内的人都必须随身携带绳索和刀子。were后是表语从句，从句谓语部分是must take along，引导词在从句中作宾语，指物，应用连接代词what引导；表语从句的主语部分是一个主语从句，引导词在主语从句中作主语，表示“任何想进入山内的人”，应用whoever引导主语从句。故选C。 20. _______ on the top of the mountain is an ancient tower _______ back to two hundred years ago. A. Standing; dating B. To stand; to date C. Having stood; dating D. Stand; dated 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：位于山顶的是一座追溯到两百年前的古塔。句中is为谓语动词，第一空使用非谓语动词，此处表示“矗立”用stand，此处使用现在分词短语作表语，为了保持句子平衡，将现在分词短语提到句首，引起完全倒装；第二空中date back to意为“追溯”，与an ancient tower之间为主动关系，此处使用现在分词作后置定语修饰tower。故选A。 三、阅读(共20小题;每小题2.5分，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Best Hollywood Tours Big Bus Tours Los Angeles Price: $ 47. 20 for adults; $ 39. 20 for kids Duration: 2 hours TMZ, known for its celebrity news-fueled television show and website, operates this bus tour that takes travelers through Hollywood in the hopes of seeing their favorite celebrities. During the two-hour trip, TMZ guides will take you to celebrity hang-outs in West Hollywood, Beverly Hills and more. The guides even bring video cameras in case a passing celebrity is willing to give an interview. Ultimate Hollywood Tours Price: $ 44 for adults; $ 34 for kids Duration: 2 hours Keep your eyes peeled for Hollywood A-listers on this two-hour open-top bus tour, which promises to drive by dozens of celebrity homes. The bus will also cruise down Rodeo Drive and pass by the Hollywood Walk of Fame landmark and the Dolby Theatre, among other celebrity haunts (常去的地方). Visitors appreciate the guides’ sense of humor and knowledge. They also say this is an excellent way to see the major attractions in Hollywood in a short amount of time. The Real Los Angeles Tours Price: $ 40 Duration: 2 hours During this historic walking tour, travelers will learn why Hollywood was selected by movie industry pioneers in the early 20th century. The two-hour tour also stops at unique sights, such as the oldest house in Hollywood. But major attractions aren’t forgotten either: You can expect to see the Capitol Records Building, the Dolby Theatre and the Hollywood Walk of Fame, among other sights. Reviewers enjoy the informative guides, and even locals say they discover things they never knew about the city. Open Bus Tours Price: $ 35 Duration: 2 hours Admire the mansions of Hollywood’s rich and famous as you wind through LA’s posh neighborhoods on this two-hour, open-air bus tour. Then, pass by iconic sights, such as the Hollywood sign and Mulholland Drive, before cruising along Rodeo Drive, the Sunset Strip and other well-known Hollywood locales. Most reviewers give the tour high marks, applauding the amusing and informative guides. 21. How much should Mr. and Mrs. Green pay if they take on Big Bus Tours Los Angeles? A. $47. 2 B. $78. 4 C. $86. 4 D. $94. 4 22. What is special with The Real Los Angeles Tours? A. It is a walking tour. B. Tourists are charged most. C. Tourists take on open bus. D. They are arranged to meet movie stars. 23. Which should you take if you want to visit the Sunset Strip? A. Big Bus Tours Los Angeles. B. Ultimate Hollywood Tours. C. The Real Los Angeles Tours. D. Open Bus Tours. 【答案】21. D 22. A 23. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。本文主要介绍了四种好莱坞旅行项目，包括价格、持续时间及项目特色等信息。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据Big Bus Tours Los Angeles部分中“Price: 47.20 for adults; 39. 20 for kids (价格：成人47. 20美元；儿童39. 20美元)”可知，成人票价为47.2美元，儿童票价为39.2美元。所以格林先生和夫人两位成人需要支付的费用是47.2乘以2，即94.4美元。故选D项。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据Big Bus Tours Los Angeles部分中“TMZ, known for its celebrity news-fueled television show and website, operates this bus tour that takes travelers through Hollywood in the hopes of seeing their favorite celebrities. (以名人新闻为主的电视节目和网站而闻名的TMZ，经营着这个巴士之旅，带着游客穿越好莱坞，希望能看到他们最喜欢的名人。)”；Ultimate Hollywood Tours部分中“Keep your eyes peeled for Hollywood A-listers on this two-hour open-top bus tour (在这两个小时的敞篷巴士之旅中，请睁大眼睛寻找好莱坞一线明星)”；The Real Los Angeles Tours部分中“During this historic walking tour, travelers will learn why Hollywood was selected by movie industry pioneers in the early 20th century. (在这次历史性的徒步旅行中，游客将了解为什么好莱坞在20世纪初被电影业的先驱们选中。)”和Open Bus Tours部分中“Admire the mansions of Hollywood’s rich and famous as you wind through LA’s posh neighborhoods on this two-hour, open-air bus tour. (在这两个小时的露天巴士之旅中，您将在洛杉矶的豪华社区中漫步，欣赏好莱坞富豪和名人的豪宅。)”可知，The Real Los Angeles Tours的特别之处在于它是一个徒步旅行，而其它都是巴士之旅。故选A项。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据Open Bus Tours部分中“Then, pass by iconic sights, such as the Hollywood sign and Mulholland Drive, before cruising along Rodeo Drive, the Sunset Strip and other well-known Hollywood locales. (然后，经过好莱坞标志和穆赫兰道等标志性景点，然后沿着罗迪欧大道、日落大道和其他著名的好莱坞景点游览。)”可知，如果想参观日落大道(Sunset Strip)，应该选择Open Bus Tours。故选D项。 B Anthony Doerr’s new bestseller, All the Light We Cannot See, holds special appeal for me. That’s how I would describe it. From the poetic language, to the realization of what the tile actually means: that underneath the surface of history, there is light that has not been seen, and stories that have gone untold. I’m going to be honest-love for this book didn’t hit me straight away. In fact, my first attempt to read it last month ended with me putting it aside and going to find something easier, lighter and less descriptive to read. But this book is built on beautiful imagery. Both in the literal sense-the physical world of 1940s Paris and Germany, and the metaphorical (隐喻性的)sense-scientific and philosophical references to light, to seeing and not seeing, and the differences between the two. It’s a beautiful work of genius, but it does get a little complicated at times. However, when we get into the meat of this World War II novel, it’s also an upsetting story of a childhood torn apart by war. It’s about Parisian Marie Laure who has been blind since she was six, and a German orphan called Werner who finds himself at the center of the Hitler Youth. Both of their stories are told with sensitivity and sympathy, each one forced down a path by their personal circumstances and by that destructive monster-war. I think this is the kind of book you will never appreciate if you stop too soon-I learned that lesson. From the first to last page, there is a theme of invisible lines running parallel (平行的)to one another and sometimes, just sometimes, crossing in the strangest way. These two lives we are introduced to seem to be worlds apart, and yet they come together and influence one another. It was this, more than the predictably awful tale of war, that made me feel quite emotional. 24. What does the writer think of the book? A. Light and easy to read. B. Rich in philosophical ideas. C. Fascinating but too descriptive. D. Too complicated for its theme. 25. What can we learn about Marie Laure and Werner? A. The war leads to their sensitivity. B. They know each other at an early age. C. The Hitler Youth pushes them to grow. D. They both have a miserable childhood. 26. What particularly stirred the writer’s emotions? A. The book’s dramatic ending. B. The book’s beautiful imagery. C. The characters’ interconnected destiny. D. The suffering brought by World War II. 27. What is the purpose of this text? A. To share the writer’s feelings of a book. B. To recommend a delightful bestseller. C. To tell readers a heartbreaking story. D. To analyze the structure of a book. 【答案】24. C 25. D 26. C 27. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇书评。文章中，作者主要介绍了安东尼·多尔的最新畅销书《我们看不见的光》，作者主要介绍了这本书的主要内容，以及作者对于这本书的感想。 【24题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Anthony Doerr’s new bestseller, All the Light We Cannot See, holds special appeal for me.(安东尼·多尔的最新畅销书《我们看不见的光》对我有着特殊的吸引力。)”以及第二段“In fact, my first attempt to read it last month ended with me putting it aside and going to find something easier, lighter and less descriptive to read. But this book is built on beautiful imagery. Both in the literal sense-the physical world of 1940s Paris and Germany, and the metaphorical (隐喻性的)sense-scientific and philosophical references to light, to seeing and not seeing, and the differences between the two. (事实上，上个月我第一次尝试读它的时候，我把它放在一边，去找一些更简单、更轻松、描述性更少的书来读。但这本书是建立在美丽的意象之上的。无论是在字面意义上——20世纪40年代的巴黎和德国的物理世界，还是在隐喻意义上——对光的科学和哲学参考，看到和看不到，以及两者之间的差异。)”可知，在作者看来，这部书很吸引人，同时又极具描述性。故选C。 【25题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“However, when we get into the meat of this World War II novel, it’s also an upsetting story of a childhood torn apart by war. ”（然而，当我们进入这本二战小说的核心部分时，它也是一个关于被战争撕裂的童年的令人沮丧的故事。）根据第三段“Both of their stories are told with sensitivity and sympathy, each one forced down a path by their personal circumstances and by that destructive monster-war.(他们俩的故事都充满了敏感和同情，每个人都被他们的个人环境和毁灭性的怪物战争逼上了一条路。)”可知，这两个人的童年都很悲惨。故选D。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Both of their stories are told with sensitivity and sympathy, each one forced down a path by their personal circumstances and by that destructive monster-war.(他们俩的故事都充满了敏感和同情，每个人都被他们的个人环境和毁灭性的怪物战争逼上了一条路。)”以及最后一段“These two lives we are introduced to seem to be worlds apart, and yet they come together and influence one another. It was this, more than the predictably awful tale of war, that made me feel quite emotional.(我们被介绍的这两种生活似乎是两个不同的世界，但他们走到一起，互相影响。正是这一点，而不是那些可以预见的可怕的战争故事，让我感到非常激动。)”可知，打动作者的正是这种人物相互关联的命运。故选C。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Anthony Doerr’s new bestseller, All the Light We Cannot See, holds special appeal for me. That’s how I would describe it. From the poetic language, to the realization of what the tile actually means: that underneath the surface of history, there is light that has not been seen, and stories that have gone untold.(安东尼·多尔的最新畅销书《我们看不见的光》对我有着特殊的吸引力。这就是我对它的描述。从诗意的语言，到意识到标题的真正含义：在历史的表面下，有未被看到的光，和未被讲述的故事。)”以及最后一段“I think this is the kind of book you will never appreciate if you stop too soon-I learned that lesson. From the first to last page, there is a theme of invisible lines running parallel (平行的)to one another and sometimes, just sometimes, crossing in the strangest way.(我认为这是一本书，如果你停得太快，你就永远不会欣赏它——我学到了这一课。从第一页到最后一页，有一个主题是看不见的线彼此平行运行，有时，只是有时，以最奇怪的方式交叉。)”可知，文章的目的是分享作者对一本书的感受。故选A。 C Understanding a simple-looking English sentence such as “I read this article yesterday” actually requires some complicated conceptual computation: a subject (“T”) performed an action (“read”) on an object (“article”) at a specific time (“yesterday”). But the human brain routinely does this work nearly at once based on the language’s grammatical rules, says linguist Andrea E. Martin. And Martin’s team has now found that the human brain can accommodate fundamental grammatical differences across languages by adjusting how it processes each sentence. For a recent study in PLOS Biology, the researchers observed variations in Dutch-speaking participants’ brain waves while they listened to a Dutch-language audiobook. To visualize these changes, the scientists used a metric (指标) quantifying how many new “predictions” the brain makes of words that could come next in a sentence. This framework was then tested against three different parsing (语法分析的) strategies, or linguistic models that illustrate how the brain builds information over time. Previous English-based studies with a similar setup concluded in favor of a model where listeners “wait and see” how each phrase in a sentence will end before interpreting it. But the Dutch speakers in Martin’s study leaned strongly toward a highly predictive model; participants tended to finish each phrase in their head preemptively before it was complete. (A third model, in which listeners wait to hear all of the phrases in a sentence before interpreting any part of it, is seldom used in either language.) In Dutch language structure, verbs come near the end of a sentence rather than immediately after the subject like they do in English, while in Korean, the subject is usually left out and in Arabic verbs often come first. So flexibility is vital in processing different languages simply because they have different properties. The findings support the need for scientists to include more diversity when crafting linguistic models. “This is going to help us capture how the brain is understanding the structured meaning of language, and the social application of language,” Martin says. “There’s so much yet to be understood in the brain.” 28. Why does the author cite the example in paragraph 1? A. To introduce a grammar rule. B. To analyze an English sentence. C. To bring in a new research finding. D. To stress the complexity of human brain. 29. What does the underlined word “preemptively” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. By accident. B. In advance. C. On time. D. By mistake. 30. Which sentence can match the Dutch language structure? A. Universe the about documentary saw. B. Saw I a documentary about the universe. C. I saw a documentary about the universe. D. I a documentary about the universe saw. 31. What does Martin try to stress in the last paragraph? A. The challenges of brain researches. B. The application of the present findings. C. The purposes of different linguistic models. D. The necessity to diversify subjects in studies. 【答案】28. C 29. B 30. D 31. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了语言学家Andrea E. Martin团队的研究发现：人类大脑通过调整语法分析策略来适应不同语言的基本语法差异，并强调科学界需在语言模型中纳入更多语言多样性。 【28题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“But the human brain routinely does this work nearly at once based on the language’s grammatical rules, says linguist Andrea E. Martin. And Martin’s team has now found that the human brain can accommodate fundamental grammatical differences across languages by adjusting how it processes each sentence.(但语言学家Andrea E. Martin表示，人脑通常会根据语言的语法规则几乎立即完成这项工作。而且，Martin的团队现在发现，人脑能够通过调整处理每个句子的方式来适应不同语言之间根本性的语法差异)”可知，作者开篇举例是为了引出Martin团队的新研究发现，即大脑处理不同语言的灵活性。故选C。 【29题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段“participants tended to finish each phrase in their head preemptively before it was complete(参与者倾向于在短语未完成时preemptively在脑中补全它)”可知，上文“But the Dutch speakers in Martin’s study leaned strongly toward a highly predictive model(但在Martin的研究中，说荷兰语的人强烈倾向于一个高度预测的模型)”说的是参与者需要再头脑中补全每一个句子，下文说的是在完成之前，可推理出此处说的是参与者倾向于在短语未完成时提前在脑中补全它，可推理出“preemptively”意为“提前地”。故选B。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“In Dutch language structure, verbs come near the end of a sentence rather than immediately after the subject like they do in English, while in Korean, the subject is usually left out and in Arabic verbs often come first. So flexibility is vital in processing different languages simply because they have different properties.(在荷兰语的结构中，动词位于句子的末尾，而不是像英语那样紧跟在主语之后；而在韩语中，主语通常被省略；在阿拉伯语里，动词往往放在最前面。因此，在处理不同语言时，灵活性至关重要，因为它们具有不同的特性)”可知，荷兰语结构为“主语+宾语+动词”结构。选项D“I a documentary about the universe saw”为“主语I+宾语a documentary about the universe+动词saw”结构，符合荷兰语结构。故选D。 【31题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“The findings support the need for scientists to include more diversity when crafting linguistic models.(这些发现支持了科学家在构建语言模型时需要纳入更多多样性的必要性)”可知，这些发现支持了科学家在构建语言模型时需要纳入更多多样性的必要性，可推理出Martin强调研究中语言多样性的必要性，故选D。 D Recently, a friend asked for help with a tricky problem: they were staging a play, and the script had a large number of characters. They didn’t want to hire an actor for each role, and while they could double up, they would run into problems if the same actor were playing two characters in a scene. Luckily, I was the right person to come to for help. There’s a versatile (通用的) piece of maths — graph colouring — that’s effective at solving many such problems, from casting a play to timetable scheduling. Mathematicians are often particularly interested in graph colouring, which involves assigning a colour to each point of a graph-networks of points joined by lines, so that any two points joined with a line are assigned different-colours. Finding the minimum number of colours needed to do this can tell us something useful about the graph’s structure. For example, a graph with a triangle of points all joined to a fourth point in the centre will need at least four colours to fill it in. One of my favourite uses of graph colouring is in scheduling problems: imagine a set of students, with a shared set of classes. We can draw a graph, indicating each class by a point, and join two points if those classes have any students taking both(so they can’t happen at the same time). Then, we find a way to colour the graph using the fewest possible colours. The minimum number of colours will tell us how many timetable periods we will need: each colour represents a set of classes with no overlap in students, so they can all happen simultaneously (同时地). This may tell you how I solved my friend’s problem: I suggested they draw a graph, represent each character with a point, and join two characters with a line if they appeared in any scenes together. Colouring this graph minimally then told them exactly how many actors they would need to stage the play. Another victory for maths — on with the show! 32. Which of the following best illustrates the example in paragraph 2? A. B. C. D. 33. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 3? A. Clarify an assumption. B. Present an application. C. Introduce an approach. D. Analyze a phenomenon. 34. How does the author sound in the last paragraph? A. Proud. B. Serious. C. Hesitant. D. Authoritative. 35. What is probably the best title for the text? A. When to Hire An Actor B. How to Color A Graph C. A Tricky Problem: Staging a Play D. A Practical Tool: Graph Coloring 【答案】32. C 33. B 34. A 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了作者通过图着色这一数学工具帮助朋友解决戏剧排演中演员分配问题的故事，并介绍了图着色在多个领域的实际应用。 【32题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Mathematicians are often particularly interested in graph colouring, which involves assigning a colour to each point of a graph-networks of points joined by lines, so that any two points joined with a line are assigned different-colours. Finding the minimum number of colours needed to do this can tell us something useful about the graph’s structure. For example, a graph with a triangle of points all joined to a fourth point in the centre will need at least four colours to fill it in.(数学家通常对图着色特别感兴趣，这涉及到为图中的每个点（由线连接的网络点）分配一种颜色，以便任何两个由线连接的点被分配不同的颜色。找到这样做的最小颜色数可以告诉我们一些关于图结构的有用信息。例如，一个由三个点组成的三角形都连接到一个中心第四个点的图形，至少需要四种颜色来填充它。)”可知，由三个点组成的三角形都连接到一个中心第四个点的图形符合题意。故选C。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“One of my favourite uses of graph colouring is in scheduling problems: imagine a set of students, with a shared set of classes. We can draw a graph, indicating each class by a point, and join two points if those classes have any students taking both(so they can’t happen at the same time). Then, we find a way to colour the graph using the fewest possible colours. The minimum number of colours will tell us how many timetable periods we will need: each colour represents a set of classes with no overlap in students, so they can all happen simultaneously (同时地).(我最喜欢的图着色应用之一是在日程安排问题上：想象一组学生，他们有一组共同的课程。我们可以画一个图，用点表示每节课，如果这些课程有学生同时上，就把两个点连接起来（所以它们不能同时进行）。然后，我们找到一种方法，用尽可能少的颜色给图形着色。最小的颜色数将告诉我们需要多少个时间表周期：每种颜色代表一组学生没有重叠的课程，所以它们可以同时进行。)”可知，作者在第三段中主要介绍了图着色在日程安排问题中的应用，即作者的目的是介绍一种应用。故选B。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“This may tell you how I solved my friend’s problem: I suggested they draw a graph, represent each character with a point, and join two characters with a line if they appeared in any scenes together. Colouring this graph minimally then told them exactly how many actors they would need to stage the play. Another victory for maths — on with the show!(这可能会告诉你我是如何解决我朋友的问题的：我建议他们画一个图，用点表示每个角色，如果两个角色出现在任何场景中，就用一条线连接起来。对这个图进行最小着色，然后准确地告诉他们需要多少演员来排演这出戏。数学的又一次胜利——继续演出吧！)”可知，作者通过数学方法成功帮助朋友解决了问题，并对此感到自豪。故选A。 【35题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段“Recently, a friend asked for help with a tricky problem: they were staging a play, and the script had a large number of characters. They didn’t want to hire an actor for each role, and while they could double up, they would run into problems if the same actor were playing two characters in a scene. Luckily, I was the right person to come to for help. There’s a versatile (通用的) piece of maths — graph colouring — that’s effective at solving many such problems, from casting a play to timetable scheduling.(最近，一位朋友请我帮忙解决一个棘手的问题：他们正在排演一出戏，剧本里有很多角色。他们不想为每个角色都雇一个演员，虽然他们可以一人分饰两角，但如果同一个演员在一个场景中扮演两个角色，他们就会遇到问题。幸运的是，我是来寻求帮助的合适人选。有一种通用的数学方法——图着色——可以有效地解决许多这样的问题，从选角到时间表安排。)”可知，文章主要介绍了图着色这一数学工具在解决实际问题中的应用，特别是帮助朋友解决戏剧排演中演员分配的问题。因此，D选项“A Practical Tool: Graph Coloring(一个实用的工具：图着色)”最符合文章主旨。故选D。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余 选项。 Overcoming Fear of Failure Have you ever been so afraid of failing at something that you decided not to try at all? Or has fear of failure meant that, subconsciously, you undermined (削弱) your own efforts to avoid the possibility of a larger failure? ____36____ It’s important to realize that in everything we do, there’s always a chance that we’ll fail. Facing that chance and embracing it give us a more rewarding life. Here are a few ways to reduce the fear of failing. Analyze all potential outcomes. ____37____ Remove that fear by considering all of the potential outcomes of your decision. You can map possible outcomes visually. Set small goals. Imagining how life will be after you’ve reached your goal is a great motivator to keep you moving forward. So start by setting a few small goals. ____38____ Don’t focus on the end picture. Just focus on the next step. Taking one small step at a time will help build your confidence, keep you moving towards your final goal. Learn to think more positively. Every coin has two sides. ____39____ Learn to change your thoughts and focus more on the bright side of the situation, making you like yourself. Positive thinking is an incredibly powerful way to build self-confidence. ____40____ In some cases, the toughest situation may be genuinely disastrous (灾难性的) and it may be perfectly reasonable to fear failure. In other cases, however, this worst case may actually not be that bad, and recognizing this can help. A. Look at the worse-case situation. B. It is up to you to decide which one to look at. C. Failing at something can help you discover your truest friends. D. Many of us have probably experienced this at one time or another. E. If you are afraid of failure, you might be uncomfortable setting goals. F. These should be goals that are slightly, but not overwhelmingly, challenging. G. Many people experience fear of failure because they fear the unknown. 【答案】36. D 37. G 38. F 39. B 40. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章就如何减少人们对失败的恐惧给了四个方法。 【36题详解】 上文“Have you ever been so afraid of failing at something that you decided not to try at all? Or has fear of failure meant that, subconsciously, you undermined (削弱) your own efforts to avoid the possibility of a larger failure? (你有没有因为害怕某件事失败而决定根本不去尝试？还是对失败的恐惧意味着，在潜意识里，你破坏了自己为避免更大失败的可能性所做的努力)”讲述了人们害怕失败的现象和背后的心理因素，再结合下文“It’s important to realize that in everything we do, there’s always a chance that we’ll fail. (重要的是要认识到，在我们所做的每件事中，总会有失败的机会)”，该空应该讲失败存在的普遍性，D选项“我们中的许多人可能曾经经历过这种情况。”切合语境，也可引出下文讲人总会有失败的时候。故选D项。 【37题详解】 由小标题“Analyze all potential outcomes. (分析所有潜在结果。)”可知本段主要讲减少人们对失败恐惧的方法之一——分析事情将产生的所有（好坏）结果，该空应该要分析人们害怕失败的原因，G选项“许多人害怕失败是因为他们害怕未知。”是对段落标题的阐释。故选G项。 【38题详解】 由小标题“Set small goals. (设定小目标。)”可知本段主要讲减少人们对失败恐惧的方法之一——设定小目标，再结合上文“So start by setting a few small goals. (所以，从设定几个小目标开始)”可知，该空应该讲具体如何设置小目标，F选项“这些目标应该具有轻微的挑战性，但不是压倒性的挑战性。”对前句的小目标具体解释。故选F项。 【39题详解】 由小标题“Learn to think more positively. (学会更积极地思考。)”可知本段主要讲减少人们对失败恐惧的方法之一——学会更积极地思考，再结合上文“Every coin has two sides. (凡事都有两面性。)”可知，该空应该讲积极思考事物两面性后应该怎么做，B选项“你来决定要看哪一面。”切合语境。故选B项。 【40题详解】 该空选取小标题，需总结下文。由下文“In some cases, the toughest situation may be genuinely disastrous (灾难性的) and it may be perfectly reasonable to fear failure. In other cases, however, this worst case may actually not be that bad, and recognizing this can help. (在某些情况下，最艰难的情况可能真的是灾难性的，害怕失败可能是完全合理的。然而，在其他情况下，这种最坏的情况实际上可能没有那么糟糕，认识到这一点会有所帮助。)”可知，本段在谈论最坏的情况，A选项“看看更糟糕的情况。”切合语境。故选A项。 四、 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 There was an old bookstore on the corner of my street. I discovered it one sunny afternoon when I was ____41____ the neighborhood. The moment I pushed open the door, a unique aroma (芳香) embraced me. The shelves were stuffed with books of every ____42____ and age. I could see the spines (书脊) of the classic novels of the rare first edition, top commercial bestsellers, and picture books for toddlers. The owner, a middle-aged man with glasses and a warm smile, was busy tidying up. He greeted me and told me to feel free to ____43____. I started browsing and was immediately ____44____ by a collection of old travelogues that seemed to hold the secrets of far-off lands. Over the following weeks, I became a ____45____. I would spend hours there, losing myself in the pages of different books. ____46____, the owner would recommend a particular book based on our conversations. His knowledge and passion for literature were truly ____47____. However, change was on the ____48____. The city was developing rapidly, and new, modern shops were replacing the old ones. One day, I noticed a sense of ____49____ in the bookstore. The owner informed me that ____50____ the skyrocketing rent and the competition from online bookstores, he was struggling to keep the doors open. It seemed that this little shelter of literature might soon disappear. I was determined not to let that happen. I reached out to my schoolmates and community based groups. We organized a book ____51____ in front of the bookstore, inviting local authors and artists to participate. We also set up an online crowd funding page to collect donations. People from all over the neighborhood came to show their ____52____. They bought books, donated money, and shared their own memories of the bookstore. Thanks to the collective efforts, we managed to raise enough funds to ____53____ the rent for a while. The bookstore survived this crisis. A community’s love and support can ____54____ something truly valuable. The old bookstore was not just a place to buy books; it was a cornerstone of our community’s cultural and emotional heritage, and it was worth every bit of the ____55____ to save it. 41. A. decorating B. exploring C. visiting D. cleaning 42. A. image B. column C. version D. category 43. A. set off B. clean up C. look around D. blow up 44. A. fascinated B. confused C. astonished D. frustrated 45. A. funder B. guide C. client D. regular 46. A. Thankfully B. Occasionally C. Desperately D. Consequently 47. A. convincing B. shocking C. inspiring D. touching 48. A. edge B. horizon C. shelf D. decline 49. A. joy B. doubt C. depression D. expectation 50. A. but for B. apart from C. in spite of D. due to 51. A. fair B. cart C. club D. seminar 52. A. concern B. sympathy C. support D. respect 53. A. cover B. increase C. donate D. collect 54. A. distinguish B. preserve C. seek D. bring 55. A. book B. value C. competition D. fight 【答案】41. B 42. D 43. C 44. A 45. D 46. B 47. C 48. B 49. C 50. D 51. A 52. C 53. A 54. B 55. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者发现并常去一家老书店，后因租金上涨和网络书店竞争面临关闭，作者和社区共同努力拯救书店的故事。 【41题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一个阳光明媚的下午，我在探索社区时发现了它。A. decorating装饰；B. exploring探索；C. visiting参观；D. cleaning打扫。根据上文“I discovered it one sunny afternoon”可知，作者是在探索社区时偶然发现这家书店的。故选B。 【42题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：书架上摆满了各种类别和年代的书籍。A. image图像；B. column专栏；C. version版本；D. category类别。根据上文“The shelves were stuffed with books of every”和下文“and age. I could see the spines (书脊) of the classic novels of the rare first edition, top commercial bestsellers, and picture books for toddlers.”可知，这里说的是书籍的类别。故选D。 【43题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他跟我打招呼，让我随意看看。A. set off出发；B. clean up清理；C. look around四处看看；D. blow up爆炸。根据上文“He greeted me and told me to feel free to”和下文“I started browsing”可知，店主让作者随意看看。故选C。 【44题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我开始浏览，立刻被一堆似乎藏着远方土地秘密的旧旅行日志所吸引。A. fascinated着迷的；B. confused困惑的；C. astonished惊讶的；D. frustrated沮丧的。根据下文“by a collection of old travelogues that seemed to hold the secrets of far-off lands”可知，作者被这些旧旅行日志所吸引。故选A。 【45题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的几周里，我成了常客。A. funder资助者；B. guide向导；C. client客户；D. regular常客。根据下文“I would spend hours there , losing myself in the pages of different books. ”可知，作者成了这家书店的常客。故选D。 【46题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：偶尔，店主会根据我们的对话推荐一本特别的书。A. Thankfully感激地；B. Occasionally偶尔；C. Desperately绝望地；D. Consequently因此。根据下文“the owner would recommend a particular book based on our conversations”可知，店主偶尔会根据对话推荐书籍。故选B。 【47题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他对文学的知识和热情确实令人鼓舞。A. convincing令人信服的；B. shocking令人震惊的；C. inspiring鼓舞人心的；D. touching感人的。根据下文“His knowledge and passion for literature”可知，店主对文学的知识和热情令人鼓舞。故选C。 【48题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，变化即将来临。A. edge边缘；B. horizon地平线，即将来临的事物；C. shelf架子；D. decline下降。根据下文“The city was developing rapidly, and new, modern shops were replacing the old ones.”可知，变化即将来临。故选B。 【49题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天，我注意到书店里有一种压抑的气氛。A. joy快乐；B. doubt怀疑；C. depression压抑；D. expectation期待。根据下文“he was struggling to keep the doors open”可知，书店面临着困境，因此气氛压抑。故选C。 【50题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：店主告诉我，由于租金飞涨和网络书店的竞争，他很难维持营业。A. but for要不是；B. apart from除了；C. in spite of尽管；D. due to由于。根据下文“the skyrocketing rent and the competition from online bookstores, he was struggling to keep the doors open”可知，由于租金飞涨和网络书店的竞争，书店难以维持。故选D。 【51题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们在书店前组织了一场书展，邀请当地作家和艺术家参加。A. fair集市；B. cart手推车；C. club俱乐部；D. seminar研讨会。根据下文“in front of the bookstore, inviting local authors and artists to participate”可知，作者他们组织了一场书展。故选A。 【52题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：来自社区各地的人们都来表示支持。A. concern关心；B. sympathy同情；C. support支持；D. respect尊重。根据上文“We also set up an online crowd funding page to collect donations. People from all over the neighborhood came to show their”和下文“They bought books, donated money, and shared their own memories of the bookstore.”可知，人们来书店表示支持。故选C。 【53题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于大家的共同努力，我们筹集到了足够的资金来支付一段时间的租金。A. cover覆盖，支付；B. increase增加；C. donate捐赠；D. collect收集。根据上文“we managed to raise enough funds”和下文“the rent for a while”可知，筹集到的资金足够支付一段时间的租金。故选A。 【54题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个社区的爱和支持可以保存真正有价值的东西。A. distinguish区分；B. preserve保存，保护；C. seek寻找；D. bring带来。根据下文“something truly valuable. The old bookstore was not just a place to buy books; it was a cornerstone of our community’s cultural and emotional heritage”可知，社区的支持保护了书店。故选B。 【55题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这家老书店不仅仅是一个买书的地方；它是我们社区文化和情感遗产的基石，值得为拯救它而斗争。A. book书；B. value价值；C. competition竞争；D. fight斗争。根据上文“They bought books, donated money, and shared their own memories of the bookstore.”、“it was worth every bit of the”和下文“to save it”可知，为拯救书店而斗争是值得的。故选D。 五、 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Safeguarding Festivals in the Digital Age Traditional festivals, rooted in centuries of cultural heritage, are facing unprecedented (前所未有的) challenges, because globalization and urbanization ____56____ (destroy) many practices over the past decades. Innovative approaches are ____57____ urgent demand to keep pace with the times. In China, ____58____ government has taken effective measures to digitize endangered customs. For example, the annual Miao New Year celebration, ____59____ involves complicated dances, is being recorded through 3D scanning. This enables younger generations ____60____ (access) heritage engagingly. Community projects also help to revive traditions. In Fujian’s Gutian Town, Hakka villagers partner with ____61____ (school) to offer hands-on workshops teaching traditional lantern making techniques. Weekly workshops ____62____ (lead) by heritage experts guide students through 12 craft steps, while encouraging modern elements like solar lighting and digital patterns. ____63____ (additional), social media contribute to cultural exchange during festivals like Mid-Autumn, when users worldwide share ____64____ (they) celebration of family reunion and harvest. These digital interactions preserve traditions, ensuring ____65____ (price) heritage evolves with technology. 【答案】56. have destroyed 57. in 58. the 59. which 60. to access 61. schools 62. led 63. Additionally 64. their 65. precious 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在数字时代如何保护传统节日及其文化。 【56题详解】 考查时态。句意：由于全球化和城市化在过去几十年里破坏了许多传统习俗，传统节日常植根于几个世纪的文化遗产，正面临着前所未有的挑战。根据时间状语“over the past decades”可知，destroy“破坏”这一动作开始于过去，持续到现在，时态应用现在完成进行时have/has been doing，主语“globalization and urbanization”是复数，因此助动词用have。故填have destroyed。 【57题详解】 考查介词。句意：迫切需要创新的方法来跟上时代的步伐。in (urgent) demand是固定搭配，意为“（非常）需要”。故填in。 【58题详解】 考查冠词。句意：在中国，政府已经采取了有效措施将濒危习俗数字化。此处特指“中国政府”，因此用定冠词the。故填the。 【59题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：例如，每年一度的苗族新年庆祝活动，包括复杂的舞蹈，正在通过3D扫描进行记录。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the annual Miao New Year celebration，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，因此用关系代词which引导。故填which。 【60题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这使得年轻一代能够以一种吸引人的方式接触到文化遗产。enable sb. to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“使某人能够做某事”，因此空处用动词access“访问，接触”的不定式形式。故填to access。 【61题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：在福建古田镇，客家村民与学校合作，提供实践工作坊，教授传统灯笼制作技术。school是可数名词，此处表示不止一所学校，因此用复数形式。故填schools。 【62题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：由遗产专家领导的每周工作坊引导学生完成12个工艺步骤，同时鼓励他们加入太阳能照明和数字图案等现代元素。本句谓语为guide，此处为非谓语动词，lead“领导”与逻辑主语Weekly workshops之间是被动关系，因此用过去分词形式，作后置定语。故填led。 【63题详解】 考查副词。句意：此外，社交媒体在中秋节等节日期间促进了文化交流，全球用户分享他们庆祝家庭团聚和丰收的场景。空处修饰整个句子，作状语，因此用副词additionally，意为“此外”，位于句首首字母大写。故填Additionally。 【64题详解】 考查代词。句意同上。空处修饰名词celebration，因此用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。 【65题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这些数字互动保护了传统，确保珍贵的遗产随着技术而发展。空处修饰名词heritage；需用形容词precious“珍贵的”，作定语。故填precious。 六、 词汇(共20小题;每小题0.5分，满分10分) 第一节 根据所给中文及单词首字母写出单词的正确形式。 66. The company’s f________ (财务的) performance improved significantly after implementing new management strategies.(根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】financial##inancial 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：在实施新的管理策略后，这家公司的财务业绩有了显著改善。根据首字母和中文提示可知，表示“财务的”应用financial，为形容词，在本句中作定语，修饰后面名词。故填financial。 67. He couldn’t help but f________ (皱眉) when he saw the mess his children had made in the living room. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】frown##rown 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：当看到孩子们把客厅弄得一团糟时，他忍不住皱起了眉头。根据首字母和中文提示可知，表示“皱眉”应用frown，为动词，且这里考查couldn’t help but do，是英语中一个常用的固定搭配，意为“忍不住做某事；不得不做某事”，所以这里应用动词原形。故填frown。 68. The teacher used several examples to i________ (阐明) the complex concept of photosynthesis. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】illustrate##llustrate 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：老师用了几个例子来阐明光合作用的复杂概念。根据首字母i及汉语提示“阐明”可知，本空用动词illustrate，位于不定式符号to后，用动词原形。故填illustrate。 69. All the figures i________ (表明) that we can expect heavy rain later this afternoon. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】indicate##ndicate 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：所有的数据表明，今天下午晚些时候会有大雨。根据首字母i及汉语提示“表明”可知，本空用动词indicate，此处描述自然现象，时态用一般现在时，主语figures是复数，谓语动词用原形。故填indicate。 70. The o________ (持续进行的) research project aims to find a cure for the rare disease. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】ongoing##ngoing 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这项持续进行的研究项目旨在找到治疗这种罕见疾病的方法。根据首字母o及汉语提示“持续进行的”可知，本空用形容词ongoing，修饰research project，作前置定语。故填ongoing。 71. She was awarded a full s________ (奖学金) for her outstanding academic achievements. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】scholarship##cholarship 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：她因学业成绩优异而获得全额奖学金。根据首字母s及汉语提示“奖学金”可知，本空用名词scholarship，结合不定冠词a可知，用单数形式，作was awarded的宾语。故填scholarship。 72. He bought a beautiful s________ (纪念品) to remind him of his trip to Paris. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】souvenir##ouvenir 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：他买了一个漂亮的纪念品，以提醒他自己的巴黎之旅。根据首字母s及汉语提示“纪念品”可知，本空用名词souvenir，结合不定冠词a可知，本空用单数形式，作bought的宾语。故填souvenir。 第二节 根据句意，用所给单词的正确形式填空。 73. The detailed ________ (analyze) of the data reveals some surprising trends in consumer behavior. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】analysis 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：对数据的详细分析揭示了消费者行为中一些令人惊讶的趋势。提示词作主语，用名词analysis，意为“分析”，结合谓语动词“reveals”可知，主语是单数名词。故填analysis。 74. During the debate, he presented a compelling ________(argue) that won over many of the audience members. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】argument 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：在辩论中，他提出了一个令人信服的论点，说服了许多听众。分析句子和空前的不定冠词a可知，此空应填可数名词单数作宾语，argument。表“论点”，为可数名词，符合句意。故填argument。 75. The company celebrated its commitment to ________(diverse) by hiring employees from various backgrounds. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】diversity 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：这家公司通过雇佣来自不同背景的员工，彰显了其对多元化的承诺。分析句子可知，此空应填名词作介词to后宾语，diversity，表“多样性”，为不可数名词，符合语境。故填diversity。 76. Her ________(energy) performance on stage left the audience feeling inspired and excited. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】energetic 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：她在舞台上充满活力的表演让观众感到深受鼓舞且兴奋不已。分析句子可知，此空应填形容词作定语，修饰后面名词，energetic，表“充满活力的”，符合语境。故填energetic。 77. He explained his ________ (intend) to pursue a career in medicine to his supportive parents. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】intention 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：他向支持他的父母解释了自己打算从事医学职业的意图。本空作explained的宾语，用名词intention“意图”，根据to pursue a career in medicine可知，此处指他打算从事医学职业的意图，用单数形式。故填intention。 78. She asked her teacher for ________(permit) to leave the classroom early due to a family emergency. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】permission 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：由于家庭突发状况，她请老师准许提前离开教室。分析句子可知，此空应填名词作介词后宾语，permission，表“准许”，为不可数名词，符合句意。故填permission。 79. After months of intense training, she felt both physically and ________ (mental) prepared for the competition. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】mentally 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：经过数月的高强度训练，她感觉自己在身体上和精神上都为比赛做好了准备。分析句子可知，此空应填副词作状语，修饰后面形容词prepared，mentally表“精神上”，符合语境。故填mentally。 第三节 根据句意，用所给词组的正确形式填空。(有两个多余词组) 根据句意，用所给词组的正确形式填空。(有两个多余词组) be about to earn a living figure out in memory of in return make a bet run out tend to 80. Despite the economic downturn, he managed to ________ by starting a small online business. 81. He helped his neighbor fix the car, and ________ , she baked him a batch of fresh cookies. 82. The community planted a tree ________ the local hero who had passed away last year. 83. The team worked together to ________ the best strategy for the upcoming project deadline. 84. The other day, they ________ on which team would win the championship, with the loser buying dinner. 85. I have to be careful about what I eat because I ________ gain weight easily. 【答案】80. earn a living 81. in return 82. in memory of 83. figure out 84. made a bet 85. tend to 【解析】 【80题详解】 考查固定短语、动词不定式。句意：尽管经济不景气，他还是设法通过创办一家小型在线企业来谋生。根据“by starting a small online business”可知，此处表示“谋生”，用earn a living，且位于不定式符号to后，用动词原形。故填earn a living。 【81题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：他帮邻居修车，作为回报，邻居给他烤了一盘新鲜的饼干。根据“He helped his neighbor fix the car”和“she baked him a batch of fresh cookies”可知，他帮助邻居修车，邻居作为回报给他烤了饼干，in return“作为回报”符合语境。故填in return。 【82题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：社区种了一棵树来纪念去年去世的当地英雄。根据“the local hero who had passed away last year”可知，此处表示种树是为了纪念去年去世的当地英雄，in memory of“为了纪念”符合语境。故填in memory of。 【83题详解】 考查固定短语、动词不定式。句意：团队齐心协力，为即将到来的项目截止日期想出最佳策略。根据“the best strategy for the upcoming project deadline”可知，团队一起工作是为了想出最佳策略，figure out“想出，解决”符合语境，且位于不定式符号to后，用动词原形。故填figure out。 【84题详解】 考查固定短语、时态。句意：前几天，他们打赌哪支球队会赢得冠军，输的人买晚餐。根据“on which team would win the championship, with the loser buying dinner”可知，此处表示他们打赌哪支球队会赢，make a bet“打赌”符合语境，且根据“The other day”可知，句子描述过去的事情，时态为一般过去时，谓语用过去式。故填made a bet 【85题详解】 考查固定短语和时态。句意：我必须注意饮食，因为我往往会很容易长胖。根据“I have to be careful about what I eat”和“gain weight easily”可知，此处表示“往往会很容易长胖”，tend to“往往会”符合语境，且句子描述的是客观事实，所以时态为一般现在时，主语为I，所以此处用动词原形。故填tend to。 七、 写作(满分20分) 86. 假定你是李华，暑假在伦敦学习，得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展览。请写一封信申请当志愿者。 内容包括： 1. 写信目的； 2. 个人优势； 3. 能做的事情。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Sir/Madam, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Sir/Madam, I’m writing to apply to be a volunteer for the Chinese Painting Exhibition which will be held in your art gallery. I think I am qualified for this job, because I have learned Chinese painting since childhood. Besides, I am fluent in both Chinese and English, which is beneficial for introducing Chinese paintings. If I am lucky enough to be chosen as a volunteer, I can show visitors around the gallery and get them to know more about Chinese painting. I would be very grateful if you could offer me the opportunity. I’m looking forward to your reply. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给伦敦当地美术馆写一封信，申请成为即将举办的中国画展览的志愿者，内容包括写信目的、个人优势以及能做的事情。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 有资格：qualified → eligible 此外：besides → moreover 幸运的：lucky → fortunate 挑选：choose → select 机会：opportunity → chance 2. 句式拓展 同义句转化 原句：I think I am qualified for this job, because I have learned Chinese painting since childhood. 拓展句：I think the reason why I am qualified for this job is that I have learned Chinese painting since childhood. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m writing to apply to be a volunteer for the Chinese Painting Exhibition which will be held in your art gallery. (运用了which引导的定语从句) 【高分句型2I think I am qualified for this job, because I have learned Chinese painting since childhood. (运用了省略that的宾语从句以及because引导的原因状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 深圳市第二高级中学2024—2025学年度高一第六学段考试 英语试题 木试卷共8页，满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 注意事项： 1. 答卷前、考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、准考证号码等信息填写在答题卡上。 2. 作答时，务必将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷及草稿纸上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 一、 听力选择题(共20小题;每小题1分，满分20分) 1. What do the speakers like most about this area? A. The bamboo houses. B. The natural scenes. C. The shopping centers. 2. When will the man start his next class? A. At 11:00. B. At 12:00. C. At 12:45. 3. How does the man feel now? A. Carefree. B. Lost. C. Upset. 4. What mistake did the speakers make? A. They cooked too much food: B. They forgot to take their basket. C. They didn’t cover their food properly. 5. What will the woman do next? A Pay a bill. B. Order some food. C. Cook a meal. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6. Where are the speakers currently? A In a classroom. B. At a cafeteria. C. On the stairs. 7. Why does Ms. Muller talk to Jamie? A. Jamie has terrible behavior. B. Jamie is falling behind in the class. C. Jamie might need more challenging work. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8. How are the speakers talking to each other now? A. By having video calls. B. By talking over phones. C. By attending in-person meetings. 9. What field is the man mainly working on now? A. Product design. B. Website development. C. Customer service. 10. Who will the woman speak with next? A. A customer. B. Her boss. C. A builder. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 11. What are the speakers mainly discussing? A. A charity speech. B. A childhood memory. C. A clean-up activity. 12. What does the woman need to take? A. A hat. B. Gloves. C. Bags. 13. What day is it today? A. Saturday. B. Friday. C. Thursday. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Mother and son. B. Husband and wife. C. Salesperson and cus 15. Why does the woman want to shop this week? A. To treat herself. B. To prepare for Thanksgiving. C. To buy presents for the family. 16. What worries the man about the Black Friday event? A. He will get lost. B. There’ ll be a big crowd. C. The prices won’t be good. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17. What is a tradition in the speaker’s family? A. Working for the family business. B. Making a family photo book each year. C. Getting a degree in business management. 18. What is the speaker’s role at the company now? A. A product designer. B. A leading director. C. A factory worker. 19. What does the company mainly sell? A. Skin care products. B. Cleaning supplies. C. Home decorations. 20. What is the speaker’s goal? A. Selling the products overseas. B. Improving the products’ quality. C. Changing the style of the products. 二、单项选择题(共20小题;每小题1分，满分20分) 1. One of his most admirable ________ is his ability to remain calm under pressure. A. catastrophes B. identities C. conquests D. traits 2. After years of planning, they finally decided to ________ the ambitious project. A. consist of B. embark on C. take off D. put aside 3. The new ________ area is designed to provide a comfortable living environment for families. A. ornamental B. vulnerable C. residential D. poisonous 4. The initial meeting was productive, and ________ discussions led to a successful agreement. A. pioneering B. subsequent C. fragile D. depressing 5. She proved to be very ________ when she found creative solutions to the project’s challenges. A. resourceful B. substantial C. passive D. ethnic 6. Adding too many details to the project plan only served to ________ matters and delay progress. A. complicate B. outnumber C. reconstruct D. portray 7. Despite numerous challenges, she continued to make every ________ to achieve her academic goals. A. likelihood B. navigation C. endeavor D. anticipation 8. When planning their future, the couple tried to ________ a life filled with happiness and success for their family. A. boost B. savor C. retreat D. envision 9. He decided to ________ his spare time to volunteering, believing it was a meaningful way to contribute to society. A. degrade B. neglect C. interfere D. dedicate 10. The artist found ________ in the vibrant colours of the sunset, which motivated him to create a new masterpiece. A. cultivation B. inspiration C. exhibition D. concentration 11. Throughout the world _________ advance has been made in science and technology is due to education which brings forth knowledge, creation and inventions. A. whoever B. whatever C. what D. that 12. Though ________ with numerous challenges, the scientist never stopped ________ experiments to find a cure for the rare disease. A. faced; to conduct B. facing; conducting C. faced; conducting D. facing; to conduct 13. It was her dedication to helping others ______ impressed everyone at the event. A. who B. whom C. that D. which 14. Only when they reached the restaurant ______ that it was the same place they had been in last year. A. had they realized B. they did realize C. realized they D. did they realize 15. Hard __________ he tried, he couldn’t figure out the solution to the math problem within the time limit. A. although B. while C. as D. even if 16. — What makes him so excited these days? — ________ a key university. A. Admitted into B. Admitting C. Having been admitted into D. Being admitted to 17. — Why hasn’t he come yet? — I don’t know, but I ________ him of the meeting. A. had reminded B. did remind C. does remind D. remind 18. On the contrary, I think it is David, __________ you, that __________ to blame. A. rather than; is B. rather than; are C. more than; is D. more than; are 19. The local guide told the explorers that ropes and knives were ________ wanted to go into the inner part of the mountain must take along. A. that whoever B. what who C. what whoever D. that who 20. _______ on the top of the mountain is an ancient tower _______ back to two hundred years ago. A. Standing; dating B. To stand; to date C. Having stood; dating D. Stand; dated 三、阅读(共20小题;每小题2.5分，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Best Hollywood Tours Big Bus Tours Los Angeles Price: $ 47. 20 for adults; $ 39. 20 for kids Duration: 2 hours TMZ, known for its celebrity news-fueled television show and website, operates this bus tour that takes travelers through Hollywood in the hopes of seeing their favorite celebrities. During the two-hour trip, TMZ guides will take you to celebrity hang-outs in West Hollywood, Beverly Hills and more. The guides even bring video cameras in case a passing celebrity is willing to give an interview. Ultimate Hollywood Tours Price: $ 44 for adults; $ 34 for kids Duration: 2 hours Keep your eyes peeled for Hollywood A-listers on this two-hour open-top bus tour, which promises to drive by dozens of celebrity homes. The bus will also cruise down Rodeo Drive and pass by the Hollywood Walk of Fame landmark and the Dolby Theatre, among other celebrity haunts (常去的地方). Visitors appreciate the guides’ sense of humor and knowledge. They also say this is an excellent way to see the major attractions in Hollywood in a short amount of time. The Real Los Angeles Tours Price: $ 40 Duration: 2 hours During this historic walking tour, travelers will learn why Hollywood was selected by movie industry pioneers in the early 20th century. The two-hour tour also stops at unique sights, such as the oldest house in Hollywood. But major attractions aren’t forgotten either: You can expect to see the Capitol Records Building, the Dolby Theatre and the Hollywood Walk of Fame, among other sights. Reviewers enjoy the informative guides, and even locals say they discover things they never knew about the city. Open Bus Tours Price: $ 35 Duration: 2 hours Admire the mansions of Hollywood’s rich and famous as you wind through LA’s posh neighborhoods on this two-hour, open-air bus tour. Then, pass by iconic sights, such as the Hollywood sign and Mulholland Drive, before cruising along Rodeo Drive, the Sunset Strip and other well-known Hollywood locales. Most reviewers give the tour high marks, applauding the amusing and informative guides. 21. How much should Mr. and Mrs. Green pay if they take on Big Bus Tours Los Angeles? A. $47. 2 B. $78. 4 C. $86. 4 D. $94. 4 22. What is special with The Real Los Angeles Tours? A. It is a walking tour. B. Tourists are charged most. C. Tourists take on open bus. D. They are arranged to meet movie stars. 23. Which should you take if you want to visit the Sunset Strip? A. Big Bus Tours Los Angeles. B. Ultimate Hollywood Tours. C. The Real Los Angeles Tours. D. Open Bus Tours. B Anthony Doerr’s new bestseller, All the Light We Cannot See, holds special appeal for me. That’s how I would describe it. From the poetic language, to the realization of what the tile actually means: that underneath the surface of history, there is light that has not been seen, and stories that have gone untold. I’m going to be honest-love for this book didn’t hit me straight away. In fact, my first attempt to read it last month ended with me putting it aside and going to find something easier, lighter and less descriptive to read. But this book is built on beautiful imagery. Both in the literal sense-the physical world of 1940s Paris and Germany, and the metaphorical (隐喻性的)sense-scientific and philosophical references to light, to seeing and not seeing, and the differences between the two. It’s a beautiful work of genius, but it does get a little complicated at times. However, when we get into the meat of this World War II novel, it’s also an upsetting story of a childhood torn apart by war. It’s about Parisian Marie Laure who has been blind since she was six, and a German orphan called Werner who finds himself at the center of the Hitler Youth. Both of their stories are told with sensitivity and sympathy, each one forced down a path by their personal circumstances and by that destructive monster-war. I think this is the kind of book you will never appreciate if you stop too soon-I learned that lesson. From the first to last page, there is a theme of invisible lines running parallel (平行的)to one another and sometimes, just sometimes, crossing in the strangest way. These two lives we are introduced to seem to be worlds apart, and yet they come together and influence one another. It was this, more than the predictably awful tale of war, that made me feel quite emotional. 24. What does the writer think of the book? A. Light and easy to read. B. Rich in philosophical ideas. C. Fascinating but too descriptive. D. Too complicated for its theme. 25. What can we learn about Marie Laure and Werner? A. The war leads to their sensitivity. B. They know each other at an early age. C. The Hitler Youth pushes them to grow. D. They both have a miserable childhood. 26. What particularly stirred the writer’s emotions? A. The book’s dramatic ending. B. The book’s beautiful imagery. C. The characters’ interconnected destiny. D. The suffering brought by World War II. 27. What is the purpose of this text? A. To share the writer’s feelings of a book. B. To recommend a delightful bestseller. C. To tell readers a heartbreaking story. D. To analyze the structure of a book. C Understanding a simple-looking English sentence such as “I read this article yesterday” actually requires some complicated conceptual computation: a subject (“T”) performed an action (“read”) on an object (“article”) at a specific time (“yesterday”). But the human brain routinely does this work nearly at once based on the language’s grammatical rules, says linguist Andrea E. Martin. And Martin’s team has now found that the human brain can accommodate fundamental grammatical differences across languages by adjusting how it processes each sentence. For a recent study in PLOS Biology, the researchers observed variations in Dutch-speaking participants’ brain waves while they listened to a Dutch-language audiobook. To visualize these changes, the scientists used a metric (指标) quantifying how many new “predictions” the brain makes of words that could come next in a sentence. This framework was then tested against three different parsing (语法分析的) strategies, or linguistic models that illustrate how the brain builds information over time. Previous English-based studies with a similar setup concluded in favor of a model where listeners “wait and see” how each phrase in a sentence will end before interpreting it. But the Dutch speakers in Martin’s study leaned strongly toward a highly predictive model; participants tended to finish each phrase in their head preemptively before it was complete. (A third model, in which listeners wait to hear all of the phrases in a sentence before interpreting any part of it, is seldom used in either language.) In Dutch language structure, verbs come near the end of a sentence rather than immediately after the subject like they do in English, while in Korean, the subject is usually left out and in Arabic verbs often come first. So flexibility is vital in processing different languages simply because they have different properties. The findings support the need for scientists to include more diversity when crafting linguistic models. “This is going to help us capture how the brain is understanding the structured meaning of language, and the social application of language,” Martin says. “There’s so much yet to be understood in the brain.” 28. Why does the author cite the example in paragraph 1? A. To introduce a grammar rule. B. To analyze an English sentence. C. To bring in a new research finding. D. To stress the complexity of human brain. 29. What does the underlined word “preemptively” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. By accident. B. In advance. C. On time. D. By mistake. 30. Which sentence can match the Dutch language structure? A. Universe the about documentary saw. B. Saw I a documentary about the universe. C. I saw a documentary about the universe. D. I a documentary about the universe saw. 31. What does Martin try to stress in the last paragraph? A. The challenges of brain researches. B. The application of the present findings. C. The purposes of different linguistic models. D. The necessity to diversify subjects in studies. D Recently, a friend asked for help with a tricky problem: they were staging a play, and the script had a large number of characters. They didn’t want to hire an actor for each role, and while they could double up, they would run into problems if the same actor were playing two characters in a scene. Luckily, I was the right person to come to for help. There’s a versatile (通用的) piece of maths — graph colouring — that’s effective at solving many such problems, from casting a play to timetable scheduling. Mathematicians are often particularly interested in graph colouring, which involves assigning a colour to each point of a graph-networks of points joined by lines, so that any two points joined with a line are assigned different-colours. Finding the minimum number of colours needed to do this can tell us something useful about the graph’s structure. For example, a graph with a triangle of points all joined to a fourth point in the centre will need at least four colours to fill it in. One of my favourite uses of graph colouring is in scheduling problems: imagine a set of students, with a shared set of classes. We can draw a graph, indicating each class by a point, and join two points if those classes have any students taking both(so they can’t happen at the same time). Then, we find a way to colour the graph using the fewest possible colours. The minimum number of colours will tell us how many timetable periods we will need: each colour represents a set of classes with no overlap in students, so they can all happen simultaneously (同时地). This may tell you how I solved my friend’s problem: I suggested they draw a graph, represent each character with a point, and join two characters with a line if they appeared in any scenes together. Colouring this graph minimally then told them exactly how many actors they would need to stage the play. Another victory for maths — on with the show! 32. Which of the following best illustrates the example in paragraph 2? A. B. C. D. 33. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 3? A. Clarify an assumption. B. Present an application. C. Introduce an approach. D. Analyze a phenomenon. 34. How does the author sound in the last paragraph? A. Proud. B. Serious. C. Hesitant. D. Authoritative. 35. What is probably the best title for the text? A. When to Hire An Actor B. How to Color A Graph C. A Tricky Problem: Staging a Play D. A Practical Tool: Graph Coloring 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余 选项。 Overcoming Fear of Failure Have you ever been so afraid of failing at something that you decided not to try at all? Or has fear of failure meant that, subconsciously, you undermined (削弱) your own efforts to avoid the possibility of a larger failure? ____36____ It’s important to realize that in everything we do, there’s always a chance that we’ll fail. Facing that chance and embracing it give us a more rewarding life. Here are a few ways to reduce the fear of failing. Analyze all potential outcomes. ____37____ Remove that fear by considering all of the potential outcomes of your decision. You can map possible outcomes visually. Set small goals. Imagining how life will be after you’ve reached your goal is a great motivator to keep you moving forward. So start by setting a few small goals. ____38____ Don’t focus on the end picture. Just focus on the next step. Taking one small step at a time will help build your confidence, keep you moving towards your final goal. Learn to think more positively. Every coin has two sides. ____39____ Learn to change your thoughts and focus more on the bright side of the situation, making you like yourself. Positive thinking is an incredibly powerful way to build self-confidence. ____40____ In some cases, the toughest situation may be genuinely disastrous (灾难性的) and it may be perfectly reasonable to fear failure. In other cases, however, this worst case may actually not be that bad, and recognizing this can help. A. Look at the worse-case situation. B. It is up to you to decide which one to look at. C. Failing at something can help you discover your truest friends. D. Many of us have probably experienced this at one time or another. E. If you are afraid of failure, you might be uncomfortable setting goals. F. These should be goals that are slightly, but not overwhelmingly, challenging. G. Many people experience fear of failure because they fear the unknown. 四、 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 There was an old bookstore on the corner of my street. I discovered it one sunny afternoon when I was ____41____ the neighborhood. The moment I pushed open the door, a unique aroma (芳香) embraced me. The shelves were stuffed with books of every ____42____ and age. I could see the spines (书脊) of the classic novels of the rare first edition, top commercial bestsellers, and picture books for toddlers. The owner, a middle-aged man with glasses and a warm smile, was busy tidying up. He greeted me and told me to feel free to ____43____. I started browsing and was immediately ____44____ by a collection of old travelogues that seemed to hold the secrets of far-off lands. Over the following weeks, I became a ____45____. I would spend hours there, losing myself in the pages of different books. ____46____, the owner would recommend a particular book based on our conversations. His knowledge and passion for literature were truly ____47____. However, change was on the ____48____. The city was developing rapidly, and new, modern shops were replacing the old ones. One day, I noticed a sense of ____49____ in the bookstore. The owner informed me that ____50____ the skyrocketing rent and the competition from online bookstores, he was struggling to keep the doors open. It seemed that this little shelter of literature might soon disappear. I was determined not to let that happen. I reached out to my schoolmates and community based groups. We organized a book ____51____ in front of the bookstore, inviting local authors and artists to participate. We also set up an online crowd funding page to collect donations. People from all over the neighborhood came to show their ____52____. They bought books, donated money, and shared their own memories of the bookstore. Thanks to the collective efforts, we managed to raise enough funds to ____53____ the rent for a while. The bookstore survived this crisis. A community’s love and support can ____54____ something truly valuable. The old bookstore was not just a place to buy books; it was a cornerstone of our community’s cultural and emotional heritage, and it was worth every bit of the ____55____ to save it. 41. A. decorating B. exploring C. visiting D. cleaning 42. A. image B. column C. version D. category 43. A. set off B. clean up C. look around D. blow up 44. A. fascinated B. confused C. astonished D. frustrated 45. A. funder B. guide C. client D. regular 46. A. Thankfully B. Occasionally C. Desperately D. Consequently 47. A. convincing B. shocking C. inspiring D. touching 48. A. edge B. horizon C. shelf D. decline 49. A. joy B. doubt C. depression D. expectation 50. A. but for B. apart from C. in spite of D. due to 51. A. fair B. cart C. club D. seminar 52. A. concern B. sympathy C. support D. respect 53. A. cover B. increase C. donate D. collect 54. A. distinguish B. preserve C. seek D. bring 55. A. book B. value C. competition D. fight 五、 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Safeguarding Festivals in the Digital Age Traditional festivals, rooted in centuries of cultural heritage, are facing unprecedented (前所未有的) challenges, because globalization and urbanization ____56____ (destroy) many practices over the past decades. Innovative approaches are ____57____ urgent demand to keep pace with the times. In China, ____58____ government has taken effective measures to digitize endangered customs. For example, the annual Miao New Year celebration, ____59____ involves complicated dances, is being recorded through 3D scanning. This enables younger generations ____60____ (access) heritage engagingly. Community projects also help to revive traditions. In Fujian’s Gutian Town, Hakka villagers partner with ____61____ (school) to offer hands-on workshops teaching traditional lantern making techniques. Weekly workshops ____62____ (lead) by heritage experts guide students through 12 craft steps, while encouraging modern elements like solar lighting and digital patterns. ____63____ (additional), social media contribute to cultural exchange during festivals like Mid-Autumn, when users worldwide share ____64____ (they) celebration of family reunion and harvest. These digital interactions preserve traditions, ensuring ____65____ (price) heritage evolves with technology. 六、 词汇(共20小题;每小题0.5分，满分10分) 第一节 根据所给中文及单词首字母写出单词的正确形式。 66. The company’s f________ (财务的) performance improved significantly after implementing new management strategies.(根据中英文提示单词拼写) 67. He couldn’t help but f________ (皱眉) when he saw the mess his children had made in the living room. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 68. The teacher used several examples to i________ (阐明) the complex concept of photosynthesis. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 69. All the figures i________ (表明) that we can expect heavy rain later this afternoon. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 70. The o________ (持续进行的) research project aims to find a cure for the rare disease. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 71. She was awarded a full s________ (奖学金) for her outstanding academic achievements. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 72. He bought a beautiful s________ (纪念品) to remind him of his trip to Paris. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 第二节 根据句意，用所给单词的正确形式填空。 73. The detailed ________ (analyze) of the data reveals some surprising trends in consumer behavior. (所给词的适当形式填空) 74. During the debate, he presented a compelling ________(argue) that won over many of the audience members. (所给词的适当形式填空) 75. The company celebrated its commitment to ________(diverse) by hiring employees from various backgrounds. (所给词的适当形式填空) 76. Her ________(energy) performance on stage left the audience feeling inspired and excited. (所给词的适当形式填空) 77. He explained his ________ (intend) to pursue a career in medicine to his supportive parents. (所给词的适当形式填空) 78. She asked her teacher for ________(permit) to leave the classroom early due to a family emergency. (所给词的适当形式填空) 79. After months of intense training, she felt both physically and ________ (mental) prepared for the competition. (所给词的适当形式填空) 第三节 根据句意，用所给词组的正确形式填空。(有两个多余词组) 根据句意，用所给词组的正确形式填空。(有两个多余词组) be about to earn a living figure out in memory of in return make a bet run out tend to 80. Despite the economic downturn, he managed to ________ by starting a small online business. 81. He helped his neighbor fix the car, and ________ , she baked him a batch of fresh cookies. 82. The community planted a tree ________ the local hero who had passed away last year. 83. The team worked together to ________ the best strategy for the upcoming project deadline. 84. The other day, they ________ on which team would win the championship, with the loser buying dinner. 85. I have to be careful about what I eat because I ________ gain weight easily. 七、 写作(满分20分) 86. 假定你是李华，暑假在伦敦学习，得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展览。请写一封信申请当志愿者。 内容包括： 1. 写信目的； 2. 个人优势； 3. 能做的事情。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Sir/Madam, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $