Unit 4 A Glimpse of the Future Starting out & Understanding ideas 课件-2024-2025学年高二英语外研版（2019）选择性必修第三册

Unit 4 A glimpse of the future Starting out & Understanding ideas 立志 勤奋 诚实 尚美 四川师范大学附属中学创新基地班 1 Learning Objectives Get the main idea of the passage. Summarize the different views of the three posters on artificial intelligence. Learn structure and language features of the passage and master the expressions about artificial intelligence. 2 What do you think the world will be in the future? a voyage to the moon move to other planets robot waiter pilotless automobile Watch the video and answer the questions. 1 What predictions about the future were made? Were they correct? 2 What is your understanding of “the future has unlimited possibilities”? 立志 勤奋 诚实 尚美 四川师范大学附属中学创新基地班 1. What predictions about the future were made? Were they correct? 2. What is your understanding of “the future has unlimited possibilities”? Correct predictions: flying machines, organ transplantation, “perpetual light” , the atom bomb, space stations would broadcast television signals all over the globe Incorrect predictions: a world market for maybe five computers, nuclear-powered vacuum cleaners Something unimaginable will happen in the future. Have you watched any movie about the future? Share them with your partners. Look at the pictures and answer the questions. Have you watched any of these films? What stories do they tell about the future of our world? Do you think the events in these films could come true? With the great progress made in science and technology, Artificial Intelligence has been developed rapidly. Read the facts and answer the questions. 1. What can you learn from the timeline? 2. Are you concerned about developments in AI? Why or why not? 3. How do you think AI will develop in the future? P50 Milestones in Artificial Intelligence (AI) 1955 Mathematician and logician, Alan Turing devised(发明) the Turing Test, a test on the ability of machines to show human-like intelligence. Computer scientist, John McCarthy coined the term “artificial intelligence”. 1950 coin：创造（新词语） 图灵测试（The Turing test）由艾伦·麦席森·图灵提出，测试流程 - 参与者：一名人类评判员、一台计算机和一名人类。 - 方式：评判员通过文本（如键盘输入）与计算机和人类对话，但不知道对方的真实身份。 - 目标：如果评判员无法可靠区分计算机和人类（例如正确率低于50%），则计算机通过测试。 John McCarthy（1927年9月4日-2011年10月24日），1927年9月4日生于美国波士顿，计算机科学家与认知科学家。被称为“人工智能之父”。 Milestones in Artificial Intelligence (AI) 1955 1972 2001 Mathematician and logician, Alan Turing devised(发明) the Turing Test, a test on the ability of machines to show human-like intelligence. Computer scientist, John McCarthy coined the term “artificial intelligence”. Shakey, the first mobile robot able to make decisions, according to reason, was completed. The Electrolux Trilobite, the first robotic vacuum cleaner designed for home use, went on sale. 1950 “Shakey” was the first mobile robot with the ability to perceive and reason about its surroundings. It was a mobile robot with cameras and touch sensors, controlled by a large remote computer.  The Electrolux Trilobite is a robotic  vacuum cleaner manufactured by the  Swedish corporation Electrolux. It takes its name from the extinct arthropod,  which scoured the ocean’s floor.  Milestones in Artificial Intelligence (AI) 1955 1972 2001 2015 2017 Mathematician and logician, Alan Turing devised(发明) the Turing Test, a test on the ability of machines to show human-like intelligence. Computer scientist, John McCarthy coined the term “artificial intelligence”. Shakey, the first mobile robot able to make decisions, according to reason, was completed. The Electrolux Trilobite, the first robotic vacuum cleaner designed for home use, went on sale. AlphaGo became the first computer program to beat a human professional Go player. AlphaGo Zero beat the previous version of AlphaGo by 100 games to nil. 1950 阿尔法围棋（AlphaGo）是第一个击败人类职业围棋选手、第一个战胜围棋世界冠军的人工智能机器人，由谷歌（Google）旗下DeepMind公司戴密斯·哈萨比斯领衔的团队开发。其主要工作原理是“深度学习”。 Read the facts and answer the questions. From the timeline, we can learn that AI technology has developed greatly, and can now outperform humans in some aspects. Yeah, because AI will surely develop so quickly that it will probably become a threat to humans. 2. Are you concerned about developments in AI? Why or why not? No, not concerned at all, after all, it is humans that devise and develop the AI technology. AI will be very likely to develop at a even higher speed than now, and its development will serve people’s needs. 3. How do you think AI will develop in the future? Look at the title of the passage. Share your opinion on the future of AI. Artificial Intelligence: A REAL THREAT? (P50) Read the passage to see if it changes your opinion on the future of AI. If so, in what ways? Read for the main idea of each paragraph and the passage structure. Read and Think Read the opinions and match them to the persons. Talk about the opinion you agree with. 立志 勤奋 诚实 尚美 四川师范大学附属中学创新基地班 Para. 1 Para. 3 Para. 4 Para. 5 Para. 6 Para. 7 Read for the main idea of each paragraph and the passage structure. a. AI can make driving a lot safer. b. AI can help save time. c. AI might wipe human beings out. d. AI can save problems which are challenging for experts. e. Human beings may lose jobs due to the development of AI. f. Human beings are not prepared for challenges brought by AI. g. AI should be embraced and regulated. Para. 2 Part I Millenniumbutterfly's attitude to AI Part II Popkid’s opinion about AI Part III Pink_haze’s opinion about AI 立志 勤奋 诚实 尚美 四川师范大学附属中学创新基地班 Read the opinions and match them to the persons. Talk about the opinion you agree with. Millenniumbutterfly Popkid Pink_haze We all need to learn to live with AI technology whether we like it or are concerned with it. We cannot stop the march of progress. I admit that more advanced AI could be helpful in solving the world’s problems, but there is a high level of risk involved. I can’t understand why some people worry so much. I hope more breakthroughs in AI will be made soon, so that we can enjoy more and more convenience. 立志 勤奋 诚实 尚美 四川师范大学附属中学创新基地班 Organise information from the passage and complete the diagram. AI can help us save time. 1______________________ 2______________________ _______________________ 3________________________ including those too challenging for human experts. AI can make driving safer. AI can make doing AI can solve problems day-to-day things a lot easier. AI is a real achievement. AI might wipe out human beings. 4______________________ 5____________________ if it falls into the wrong hands. AI could be dangerous Jobs are at risk due to AI. AI is a real threat. 立志 勤奋 诚实 尚美 四川师范大学附属中学创新基地班 19 Artificial Intelligence: A REAL THREAT? In the words of Professor Stephen Hawking, artificial intelligence will be “either the best, or the worst thing, ever to happen to humanity”. Technology of Tomorrow Forum wants to hear your thoughts on AI. Is it our greatest human achievement so far? Or is it the biggest threat to our existence? What did Stephen Hawking mean when he said that AI will be “either the best, or the worst thing, ever to happen to humanity”? He meant that AI could bring us incredible benefits, but only if the technology is managed properly. If we do not manage the technology properly, it could result in human extinction. An English theoretical physicist, cosmologist and author. His book A Brief History of Time is an international bestseller. At the age of 21, he was diagnosed with ALS, a form of Motor Neurone Disease that causes paralysis gradually. Despite this, he continued his research into black holes and quantum gravity, conveying it to a wide audience. 立志 勤奋 诚实 尚美 四川师范大学附属中学创新基地班 Read and Answer Para. 1 Thanks to AI, I’ve got my own super-smart personal assistant built into my phone. She always has an immediate answer for any question I put to her, and even uses my answers to learn more about my preferences. It used to feel like 50 per cent of my time was spent researching new restaurants. In contrast, my PA only needs a few seconds to find the right place. Every recommendation she gives me is great since she can predict if I will like a particular restaurant. Millenniumbutterfly It feels like … 是固定句式，意为“感觉像……”, 与 It seems that … 意思相近。 What can we learn about super-smart personal assistant in Para. 1? 立志 勤奋 诚实 尚美 四川师范大学附属中学创新基地班 Read and Answer Para. 1 Thanks to AI, I’ve got my own super-smart personal assistant built into my phone. She always has an immediate answer for any question I put to her, and even uses my answers to learn more about my preferences. It used to feel like 50 per cent of my time was spent researching new restaurants. In contrast, my PA only needs a few seconds to find the right place. Every recommendation she gives me is great since she can predict if I will like a particular restaurant. Millenniumbutterfly 本句中的 she 指代 my super-smart personal assistant, 此处运用了拟人的修辞手法。 立志 勤奋 诚实 尚美 四川师范大学附属中学创新基地班 Read and Answer And speaking of hanging out, I’m hoping that self-driving cars are available soon. I’ve been taking driving lessons for over a year, and still haven’t got my licence. Self-driving cars can learn to drive in the same way that we do, and can make judgements based on information. And as they won’t be susceptible to human error, they’ll certainly be a lot safer. The only thing is that there might be a few machine-learning problems when the first cars hit the market, so perhaps I’d better learn to drive first. Still, I do think that developments in AI will on the whole make doing day-to-day things a lot easier. Why does the first poster say “I’d better learn to drive first”? hang out：闲逛 still 是副词，意为 in spite of what has just been said or done（虽然……）还是；但；不过”。 on the whole：总的看来 day-to-day：adj 日常的;按日计划的 hit the market：投放市场；上市 Para. 2 立志 勤奋 诚实 尚美 四川师范大学附属中学创新基地班 Read and Answer Para. 3 The technology you’re using and enjoying today is a basic form of AI which can’t think independently without programming. Of course, it could be very useful to have a more advanced form of AI — a truly independent form of artificial intelligence, capable of exercising its own judgement, could help us solve many of the world’s problems. But have you ever thought about the risks? After all, why would an independent form of AI need to consider the opinions and desires of humans? We could be seen as a “small” inconvenience that’s in the way of a solution to a bigger problem. If we’re lucky, AI might think we’re valuable enough to keep around. If not, it might wipe us all out! Popkid What are the functions of a more advanced form of AI? wipe out: to destroy, remove, or get rid of something completely 摧毁; 使灭绝 exercise : 行使，使用【熟词生义】 Paraphrase Of course, it could be very useful to have a more advanced form of AI. An AI that could assess information without human input and make its own decisions could help us solve many of the world’s problems. Paraphrase 立志 勤奋 诚实 尚美 四川师范大学附属中学创新基地班 Read and Answer Para. 4-5 Even if that doesn’t happen, there are other risks. Millenniumbutterfly, you say how great it would be to have self-driving cars, but what about all the taxi drivers who would lose their jobs? They would just be among the first victims of AI. Nearly every job is potentially at risk in the long run. Even journalists are now being replaced with technology that can write basic news reports. As it is, almost 50 per cent of US jobs are at risk from automation in the next 20 years. The truth is that none of us is prepared for the challenges of AI. 1.What are the risks posed by AI? in the long run：长远来说 立志 勤奋 诚实 尚美 四川师范大学附属中学创新基地班 Read and Answer Para. 4-5 Even if that doesn’t happen, there are other risks. Millenniumbutterfly, you say how great it would be to have self-driving cars, but what about all the taxi drivers who would lose their jobs? They would just be among the first victims of AI. Nearly every job is potentially at risk in the long run. Even journalists are now being replaced with technology that can write basic news reports. As it is, almost 50 per cent of US jobs are at risk from automation in the next 20 years. The truth is that none of us is prepared for the challenges of AI. 2. What’s the meaning of at risk in the underlined sentence? Almost 50 per cent of US jobs may be replaced by automation in the next 20 years. 立志 勤奋 诚实 尚美 四川师范大学附属中学创新基地班 Read and Answer Para. 6-7 Machine learning is something we have come to accept as a part of our modern world. I believe most of the value of AI lies in its capacity to analyse and interpret vast amounts of data, which means it can even solve problems that are too challenging for human experts. But while super-intelligent AI could be the biggest leap forward in human history, if it goes wrong or falls into the wrong hands, it could also be the most dangerous. However, AI is not going to go away. We have no choice but to embrace it and regulate it. One thing I think we all agree on, though, is that saying “My AI did it!” won’t be any excuse for illegal or immoral behaviour! Pink_haze What does Pink_haze think about towards the value of AI? leap forward: rapid development 快速发展 Although a very clever form of AI could be the greatest form of progress made in human history, if it goes wrong or is misused, it could be the most dangerous instead. Paraphrase go wrong: 出毛病，出故障 fall into the wrong hands: 落入不当之人手中 立志 勤奋 诚实 尚美 四川师范大学附属中学创新基地班 Read and Answer Para. 6-7 Machine learning is something we have come to accept as a part of our modern world. I believe most of the value of AI lies in its capacity to analyse and interpret vast amounts of data, which means it can even solve problems that are too challenging for human experts. But while super-intelligent AI could be the biggest leap forward in human history, if it goes wrong or falls into the wrong hands, it could also be the most dangerous. However, AI is not going to go away. We have no choice but to embrace it and regulate it. One thing I think we all agree on, though, is that saying “My AI did it!” won’t be any excuse for illegal or immoral behaviour! Pink_haze agree on:对……取得一致意见 本句中的though意为“不过，可是，然而”，用于主句后，引出补充说明，使语气变弱。 What ever happens, I’m sure we can all agree that nobody will be able to blame their illegal or immoral behavior on AI. Paraphrase 立志 勤奋 诚实 尚美 四川师范大学附属中学创新基地班 Do you use AI in your daily life? What other roles can AI play in people’s lives? Think Share One possible answer: AI indeed has come into our life and benefited us a lot. The roles AI can play: as Siri, a friend in an iPhone. as a salesperson in a self-service market. 立志 勤奋 诚实 尚美 四川师范大学附属中学创新基地班 29 Language points V 立志 勤奋 诚实 尚美 四川师范大学附属中学创新基地班 30 preference： Important Words ① have a preference for sth 对……有偏爱 我得说我对法国电影有强烈的偏爱。 It’s a matter of personal preference. 那是个人喜好的问题。 ② in preference to 优先于…… 我宁可选择那辆小的汽车而不要那辆大的。 n. 偏爱；爱好；喜爱 I must say I have a strong preference for French movies.  I’d choose the small car in preference to the larger one.  立志 勤奋 诚实 尚美 四川师范大学附属中学创新基地班 31 2. susceptible adj. Important Words ① 易受影响的 Some of these plants are more susceptible to frost damage than others. ② 敏感的 The researchers believe more than 70 per cent of all cancers that kill may be susceptible to the vaccine. 这些植物中有一些较其他的易受霜冻危害。 研究人员认为该疫苗可能会抑制 70% 以上的致命癌症。 立志 勤奋 诚实 尚美 四川师范大学附属中学创新基地班 32 3. form Important Words n. 类型；种类；形式；外表；样子；表格 forms of transport / government / energy 运输种类；政体类型；能源种类 vt. （使）出现，产生；（使）形成；（使）成形，组成； Rearrange the letters to form a new word. 重新排列字母，组成另一单词。 Storm clouds are forming on the horizon. 天边出现了暴雨云。 立志 勤奋 诚实 尚美 四川师范大学附属中学创新基地班 33 Important phrases 1 happen to do sth 2 so far 3 in contrast 4 hang out 5 thanks to 6 without doing sth 碰巧做某事；发生在某人身上 相反，相比之下 闲逛 多亏了，由于 不做某事 迄今为止 立志 勤奋 诚实 尚美 四川师范大学附属中学创新基地班 Important phrases 7 in the long run 8 be replaced with 9 at risk 10 be prepared for 11 agree on 12 have no choice but to do sth 长远来说 被……代替 有风险 为……做准备 达成一致 别无选择，只能干某事 立志 勤奋 诚实 尚美 四川师范大学附属中学创新基地班 $$