八升九衔接：2024-2025学年人教版九年级英语语法预习（一）宾语从句

九年级语法预习(一) 宾语从句 一、定义 宾语从句是指在复合句中作宾语的从句,通常位于及物动词、介词或某些形容词(如 glad, sure 等)之后,用来充当句子的宾语成分。 例句:She knows that he is a student.(从句“that he is a student”作动词 knows 的宾语) 二、用法 1. 连接词 宾语从句需要用连接词连接主句和从句,常见连接词分三类: 1)连词(that, if, whether):that无实际意义,在从句中不充当成分,口语中可省略(当从句是陈述句时使用)。if和whether表示“是否”。 例句:I think (that) she is right. (我认为她是对的。) I wonder whether you like the book or not.(我想知道你是否喜欢这本书。) 2)连接代词(what, who, whom, whose, which):在从句中作主语、宾语、定语等,有具体意义。 例句:Do you know what he said?(你知道他说了什么吗?) 3)连接副词(when, where, why, how):在从句中作状语,表时间、地点、原因、方式等。 例句:Please tell me how I can get there.(请告诉我怎样才能到达那。) 2. 语序 宾语从句必须用陈述语序(主语在前,谓语在后),不能用疑问语序。 例句:He asked where she lived. (陈述语序) He asked where did she live. (疑问语序) 3. 时态 宾语从句的时态通常受主句谓语动词时态的影响: 1)主句是一般现在时,从句可根据实际情况用任意时态。 例句:I know he will come tomorrow.(我知道他明天会来。) 2)主句是一般过去时,从句通常用相应的过去时态(一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时)。 例句:She said she was watching TV then.(她说她那时正在看电视。) 3)若从句表述的是客观真理、自然规律等,无论主句时态如何,从句都用一般现在时。 例句:The teacher told us the earth goes around the sun.(老师告诉我们地球是围着太阳转的。) 三、注意 1. 否定转移 当主句谓语动词是 think, believe, suppose 等时,从句的否定词常转移到主句上。 例句:I don’t think he is right.= I think he is not right. (我认为他错了。) 2. 标点符号 宾语从句的标点由主句决定:主句是陈述句,句末用句号;主句是疑问句,句末用问号。 例句:Could you tell me where the park is?(你能告诉我公园在哪吗?) 3. if 与 whether 的区别 两者都可表“是否”,但以下情况只能用 whether: 1)与 or not 连用 例句:I wonder whether he will come or not. (我想知道他明天是否会来。) 2)作介词的宾语 例句:It depends on whether we have enough time.(这取决于我们是否有充足的时间。) 3)位于句首时 例句:Whether he will go is not sure.(他是否会走还不确定。) 宾语从句练习 一、单项选择 1. I don’t know _ he will come back tomorrow. A. that B. if C. what D. who 2. She asked me _ I had seen her key. A. where B. that C. which D. whose 3. Do you remember _ we met for the first time? A. when B. how C. what D. whose 4. The teacher told us _ the sun rises in the east. A. if B. whether C. that D. why 5. He wants to know _ his mother is cooking in the kitchen. A. how B. what C. when D. where 6. Could you tell me _ the nearest bank is? A. that B. how C. where D. why 7. I wonder _ he can finish the work on time. A. if B. which C. who D. whose 8. She asked me _ I got up this morning. A. what B. when C. that D. where 9. They discussed _ they should go to the park or stay at home. A. that B. if C. whether D. what 10. Do you know _ he is talking to on the phone? A. when B. who C. why D. how 11. The little boy asked _ the moon goes at night. A. where B. that C. which D. how 12. I don’t understand _ she refused the invitation. A. what B. why C. that D. when 13. He told me _ he had visited Paris twice. A. if B. whether C. that D. how 14. Can you tell me _ time the movie will start? A. what B. which C. whose D. when 15. She wants to know _ her father will buy her a new bag. A. that B. if C. who D. where 二、选词填空(从括号内选词填空,每词可重复使用) (that, if, whether, what, when, where, why, how, who) 1. I wonder _ he can speak English fluently. 2. She asked me _ I was doing at 8 o’clock last night. 3. The teacher told us _ the earth is round. 4. Do you know _ the train will arrive? 5. He wants to know _ his friend lives in this neighborhood. 6. Please tell me _ you were late for class this morning. 7. I don’t know _ book this is. 8. They discussed _ they should go hiking or have a picnic. 9. Can you tell me _ to get to the hospital? 10. The girl asked _ her mother was busy with. 11. I heard _ he won the first prize in the competition. 12. Do you remember _ we bought this umbrella? 13. He asked me _ I could help him with his homework. 14. She wants to know _ the party will be held. 15. I don’t know _ is knocking at the door. 参考答案 一、1.B 2.A 3.A 4.C 5.B 6.C 7.A 8.B 9.C 10.B 11.A 12.B 13.C 14.A 15.B 二、1. if/whether 2. what 3. that 4. when 5. if/whether 6. why 7. whose 8. whether 9. how 10. what 11. that 12. where 13. if/whether 14. where 15. who 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$