Unit 1 The Changing World 历史与社会（话题阅读精练）英语仁爱科普版九年级上册

Unit 1The Changing World 历史与社会 话题阅读精练 模块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage 1 阅读理解 新闻报道 239 全国各地的博物馆异常热闹，说明越来越多的人对我们悠久的历史和文化充满自信。 Passage 2 阅读理解 说明文 345 介绍了一个名为“the village”的团队如何通过不同形式的关爱帮助有需要的人。 实战演练 阅读理解 A 说明文 282 介绍了高铁新推出的“静音车厢”服务。 B 议论文 289 人口增长速度很快， 面对人口增长过快这一问题，我们要思考如何生活并如何使用地球上的资源。 完形填空 说明文 299 政府职业技能培训帮助贫困家庭成员学习技能，自立自强，体现了授人以渔的理念，助力脱贫致富。 语法填空 说明文 260 介绍了端午节的庆祝活动和起源 时文阅读 Passage 1 Booking a museum ticket this past summer was not easy. Visitors often found that tickets for the following week had been fully booked. Across China, museum halls were filled with visitors during the summer vacation. To many museums, such crowds had not often been seen before. So, what was behind this “museum craze (狂热)”? Part of the reason is a growing interest in traditional Chinese culture, according to Guo Sike, leader of the Confucius Museum in Shandong province. “Nowadays, young Chinese love traditional Chinese culture,” said Guo. He added that modern technologies have also played a role. They allow people to experience traditional culture in more ways. The Shaanxi History Museum in the city of Xi’an also saw an increase in visitors. The museum can only allow 12,000 people to visit each day. Its ticket booking app, however, received more than 600,000 clicks a day. To solve the problem, the museum called off its Monday rest. It was also open for more hours on Sundays. Popular study tours also helped bring more people to museums. The Confucius Museum saw many of these tours. In Xi’an, the Qinqiang Opera was a popular subject of study tours. Local museums offered chances to learn the culture. “Museums are bridges. They connect the past, present and future,” said Yang Chaoming, a professor at Shandong University. “More and more people wish to better learn about traditional Chinese culture through museum visits.” 今年夏天预订博物馆门票并非易事。游客们常常发现，下一周的门票早已被预订一空。整个暑假期间，中国的博物馆展厅里都挤满了游客。对许多博物馆来说，这样的人潮以往并不常见。那么，这股“博物馆热”背后的原因是什么呢？ 山东孔子博物馆馆长郭思克认为，部分原因在于人们对中国传统文化日益增长的兴趣。 “如今，中国的年轻人热爱中国传统文化，”郭思克说。他补充说，现代科技也发挥了作用。科技让人们能够以更多方式体验传统文化。 位于西安市的陕西历史博物馆的游客量也有所增加。该博物馆每天只能接待 12,000 名游客。然而，其门票预订应用每天收到超过 60 万次的点击量。为了解决这个问题，该博物馆取消了周一闭馆的规定。同时，周日也延长了开放时间。 流行的研学游也有助于吸引更多人走进博物馆。孔子博物馆接待了许多此类研学团队。在西安，秦腔成为研学游的一个热门主题。当地博物馆提供了了解该文化的机会。 “博物馆是桥梁。它们连接着过去、现在和未来，”山东大学教授杨朝明说。“越来越多的人希望通过参观博物馆更好地了解中国传统文化。” 【长难句分析】 原句： "Across China, museum halls were filled with visitors during the summer vacation. To many museums, such crowds had not often been seen before." 结构分析:这是两个紧密相关的句子。 第一句是简单句：主语 (museum halls) + 谓语 (were filled) + 方式状语 (with visitors) + 地点状语 (Across China) + 时间状语 (during the summer vacation)。第二句是简单句：主语 (such crowds) + 谓语 (had not often been seen) + 时间状语 (before) + 对象状语 (To many museums)。这里的 To many museums 表示“对于许多博物馆来说”，说明后面描述的情况是从这些博物馆的角度看的。 难点: 第二句的 To many museums 作为对象状语的位置（句首）及其含义（表示“在...看来/对于...来说”）可能造成理解困难。同时，该句使用了过去完成时被动语态 (had not often been seen)，强调在暑假这个“过去时间点”之前，这种情况（人潮）对许多博物馆而言并不常见。 原句： "They allow people to experience traditional culture in more ways." 结构分析:主要是 allow sb. to do sth. (允许/使某人能做某事) 这个动词短语结构，以及 in more ways (以更多方式) 作方式状语修饰 experience。 原句： "The museum can only allow 12,000 people to visit each day. Its ticket booking app, however, received more than 600,000 clicks a day." 结构分析:这是两个形成对比的句子，由转折连词 however 连接。 【重难词汇梳理】 craze (n.) /kreɪz/: 狂热，热潮 called off /kɔːld ɒf/: 取消 played a role (idiom) /pleɪd ə rəʊl/: 发挥了作用 study tours /ˈstʌdi tʊə(r)z/: 研学旅行，研学游 subject (n.) /ˈsʌbdʒɪkt/: 主题，科目 connect (v.) /kəˈnekt/: 连接，联系 clicks (n. pl.) /klɪks/: 点击量，点击次数 Passage 2 Founded in 1971, a social service organization is trying to care for any person in need. It serves 15,000 poor people each year. In the beginning, when its members were unable to fully meet certain people’s needs at work, they often entered into discussions, finding how they could help on their own. When Executive Director Bill Sullivan saw what was happening, he had an idea. He organized a team with workers to show their care. And he called the team “the village” 一家成立于1971年的社会服务机构致力于关怀任何需要帮助的人。它每年为15,000名贫困人士提供服务。起初，当该机构的成员在工作中无法完全满足某些人的需求时，他们常常会展开讨论，探讨如何凭借自身力量提供帮助。当执行董事比尔·沙利文（Bill Sullivan）看到这种情况时，他萌生了一个想法。他组建了一个由工作人员组成的团队，来展示他们的关怀。他将这个团队命名为“村庄”。 The team wants to help someone achieve his or her goals (目标) and it wants to do so by having workers give away their own time, money, skills, and anything else they could offer. People who work at the organization are encouraged to care for others. “The cool thing about ‘the village’ is that we believe in our workers and the power (力量) of care that lies within them,” said Sullivan. 该团队致力于帮助人们实现其目标（目标），其方式是让员工自愿付出自己的时间、金钱、技能以及他们所能提供的任何其他东西。该机构鼓励工作人员关怀他人。沙利文说：“‘村庄’最棒的一点在于，我们信任我们的员工，也相信蕴藏在他们身上的关怀之力（力量）。” “The village” allows people to feel comfortable giving what they can, as all donations are unnamed. “Someone who gives away a car is no more important than the person who sits and listens to someone to let him or her feel loved and cared for,” said Sullivan. “‘村庄’让人们能够安心地尽己所能提供帮助，因为所有捐赠都是匿名的。”沙利文说，“捐赠一辆汽车的人，与坐下来倾听他人、让其感受到被爱与被关怀的人同等重要。” The first person getting help from “the village” was a homeless man. Within just three weeks, “the village” provided him with a car, an apartment and other things. The man said that he had lost all hope before he came across “the village”. It gave him a chance to start over. He wanted to give back by volunteering to help others and make a difference in the community. 第一位获得“村庄”帮助的是一位无家可归的男子。仅仅三周内，“村庄”就为他提供了一辆汽车、一套公寓和其他物品。这名男子表示，在遇到“村庄”之前，他已万念俱灰。它给了他一个重新开始的机会。他希望通过志愿服务来帮助他人、回馈社区，从而为社区带来改变。 “The power of care is clear and has lasting influences — not just on the people who receive donations, but also on those giving away things. It can lead to an understanding of ourselves — who we are, and how important we actually are,” Sullivan said. The power of care is great because it provides a goal — something we all try to achieve within our lives. Many call this love. “关怀的力量是清晰可见且影响深远的——不仅体现在接受捐赠的人身上，也体现在那些付出的人身上。”沙利文说，“<u>它能引导我们理解自我——我们是谁，以及我们究竟有多么重要。</u>”关怀的力量之所以伟大，是因为它提供了一个目标——一个我们所有人都在生活中努力追求的东西。许多人称之为“大爱”。 实战演练 一、阅读理解 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A （24-25九年级上·河南周口·期末） In December 2020, the “quiet carriage” service was first introduced on some trains of the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway and the Chengdu-Chongqing high-speed railway. Up to June 2024, Beijing-Guangzhou, Beijing-Harbin, Shanghai-Kunming and other high-speed railways also have had this service. In the “quiet carriage”, there are silent videos and announcements made at a low volume (音量). Doors at both ends of the carriage are closed to avoid noise from outside. During the trip, passengers must wear earphones or turn off loudspeakers when using electronic devices. They also need to leave their seats to make or answer calls, and their phones should be set to silent or vibrate mode (振动模式). For those travelling with children, they must take care of them and keep them quiet. Mr. Li, a Chengdu local, said, “I make at least one round trip a week between Chengdu and Chongqing for work. I sometimes need to focus on my work or get some rest during the hour-long trip. The ‘quiet carriage’ is a good choice for me.” “When I booked the tickets, I first saw the option (选项) for the ‘quiet carriage’, and I wanted to give it a shot,” said Miss Mou, who took the train from Beijing to Shanghai. “When I entered the carriage for the first time, signs reminding passengers to keep quiet were everywhere, and it was really much quieter than the other carriages.” Experts say that the “quiet carriage” service provides passengers with more value-added choices. It not only helps passengers to follow public order and respect the rights of others, but also creates a more civilized (文明的) travelling environment. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．Which of the following is TRUE about the “quiet carriages”? A．They create a silent space for passengers. B．They have been around for at least five years. C．No announcements are made in these carriages. D．Not everyone is allowed to enter these carriages. 2．If a little boy cries loudly in a “quiet carriage”, his parents had better first ________. A．ask others for help B．wait until he calms down C．take him out of the carriage D．run a health check on him carefully 3．What does the underlined part “give it a shot” probably mean? A．Have a try. B．Shut it off. C．Take a break. D．Make a mess. 4．Why does the author mention Mr. Li and Miss Mou? A．To show the service that passengers can enjoy. B．To explain what makes the “quiet carriages” special. C．To show that the “quiet carriage” service is well received. D．To show that the passengers there mostly work in business. 5．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．The importance of the social order. B．The need to build a railway network. C．The development of our country’s railway service. D．The good influence of introducing “quiet carriages”. B Is the world too crowded? Well, that is a hard question to answer. In Montana America, you might drive for a mile and not see anyone. In Tokyo, Japan, over 10,000 people live in every square mile! The population is one of the most important things in the world today. In fact, the world’s population doesn’t stay the same. As we all know, China held the title (头衔) for having the largest population in the world—over 1.4 billion. But India overtook China and became the country with the largest population last year. By the end of 2030, its population will be over 1.5 billion. Five hundred years ago, the population of the world was about 425million. There are about 8 billion people in the world now. By 2050, the world’s population will be more than 9 billion. If the world’s population keeps growing, by 2080 there will be over 10 billion people on the earth. Wow! That’s a lot of people! Some people worry about that! The large population is a big problem because it will cause lots of problems in the future. More people will need more food and more space. The more people there are, the more resource (资源) the world needs, and the more we need to think carefully about how we live and use the earth’s resources. With the increasing population, we must take action to protect the earth. Simple habits like reducing waste, saving energy, and planting trees can help. Education is also the key to helping people understand the importance of sustainable (可持续的) living. If we all work together, we can keep the earth clean and safe for our children and grandchildren. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 6．What does the underlined word “overtook” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Became bigger in number. B．Became richer. C．Became smaller in number. D．Became poorer. 7．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The problems caused by the large population. B．Advantages of a large population. C．The growth of the world’s population. D．Ways of controlling the growth of the world’s population. 8．What should we do with the population growing according to the writer? A．We should build more cities and houses. B．We should think carefully about the way we live. C．We should use technology to produce more food. D．We should move to places with a smaller population. 9．What can we know from the text? A．A large population can be a good thing. B．The world will need more and more resources. C．The world’s population growth is getting higher. D．The world can feed no more than 8 billion people. 10．Why did the writer write the passage? A．To compare the population of China and India. B．To discuss the world’s population and its results. C．To explain why there are so many people in the world. D．To show how to protect the environment. 二、完形填空 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 “I’m really thankful to our government, for it provides us with such a good training program. The training greatly helps us live well. I will certainly study hard and learn the skills. Then I can 1 my family’s difficulties and do good to other people,” a learner on the job training program said, feeling 2 . The learner’s grandfather is nearly 80 years old, and his mother is ill in bed. So his father, a middle-aged farmer, is the main 3 of the poor family. The learner graduated from high school and did not pass the college entrance examination (高考). The job training program helps him learn the skills that he’ll need in the 4 . The story reminds me of another story. It goes like this: Once upon a time, there was a man who liked 5 very much, and was able to catch lots of fish every day. The man was a kind-hearted person, so he always 6 his fish with his neighbors who did not know how to fish. One day, he thought that it would be great if he taught them how to fish. So he 7 his neighbors together and showed them how to fish. Everybody was very happy, as they could 8 the fish they themselves caught. At present, there are still a lot of 9 people throughout the world. But it’s not good if we give only food to them. 10 , we should give them a chance to learn new skills. Therefore, a technical training is very important to people in need, and they will learn the ability to 11 money. People can learn a lot of useful things in the job training program and what they learn can help them on the way to find 12 . 1．A．solve B．change C．study D．find 2．A．angry B．excited C．mad D．interested 3．A．problem B．example C．relative D．support 4．A．school B．college C．workplace D．family 5．A．fishing B．swimming C．skiing D．skating 6．A．shared B．cooked C．exchanged D．weighed 7．A．drove B．stopped C．called D．searched 8．A．feed B．save C．catch D．eat 9．A．poor B．rich C．unhealthy D．old 10．A．Next B．Instead C．Luckily D．Especially 11．A．pay B．raise C．use D．make 12．A．jobs B．family C．luck D．friends 二、短文填空 （2024·湖南郴州·模拟预测） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Dragon Boat Festival falls on the fifth day of the fifth month of the Chinese calendar every year. 1 this festival, there are many kinds of celebrations. People eat rice dumplings and watch dragon boat races. The dragon boat is long with a dragon head at the front and 2 (it) tail at the end. Those 3 (competitor) on the boat paddle (用桨划船) it as far as they can to the finish line. One team member sits at the front of the boat and beats a drum to encourage his team 4 (go) faster and win the race. The story behind the Dragon Boat Festival is about 5 Chinese famous poet (诗人), Qu Yuan. He worked for the king of Chu (楚国), but some people said terrible things about him, and the king became 6 (anger) with him. To avoid being killed, Qu Yuan left Chu and went to a village. While living there, he wrote many famous poems. In 278 BBC, Chu was conquered (攻克) by Qin. Qu Yuan was so sad for his homeland 7 he jumped into the Miluo River. The villagers paddled quickly out on the river 8 they could not find him. Then the local villagers threw rice dumplings into the river so that the fish would leave Qu Yuan’s body alone. Thus the Miluo River 9 (know) for Qu Yuan. Later, eating rice dumplings and holding dragon boat races became 10 (wide) practiced traditions on the Dragon Boat Festival. 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 2 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 1 The Changing World 历史与社会 话题阅读精练 模块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage 1 阅读理解 新闻报道 239 全国各地的博物馆异常热闹，说明越来越多的人对我们悠久的历史和文化充满自信。 Passage 2 阅读理解 说明文 345 介绍了一个名为“the village”的团队如何通过不同形式的关爱帮助有需要的人。 实战演练 阅读理解 A 说明文 282 介绍了高铁新推出的“静音车厢”服务。 B 议论文 289 人口增长速度很快， 面对人口增长过快这一问题，我们要思考如何生活并如何使用地球上的资源。 完形填空 说明文 299 政府职业技能培训帮助贫困家庭成员学习技能，自立自强，体现了授人以渔的理念，助力脱贫致富。 语法填空 说明文 260 介绍了端午节的庆祝活动和起源 时文阅读 Passage 1 Booking a museum ticket this past summer was not easy. Visitors often found that tickets for the following week had been fully booked. Across China, museum halls were filled with visitors during the summer vacation. To many museums, such crowds had not often been seen before. So, what was behind this “museum craze (狂热)”? Part of the reason is a growing interest in traditional Chinese culture, according to Guo Sike, leader of the Confucius Museum in Shandong province. “Nowadays, young Chinese love traditional Chinese culture,” said Guo. He added that modern technologies have also played a role. They allow people to experience traditional culture in more ways. The Shaanxi History Museum in the city of Xi’an also saw an increase in visitors. The museum can only allow 12,000 people to visit each day. Its ticket booking app, however, received more than 600,000 clicks a day. To solve the problem, the museum called off its Monday rest. It was also open for more hours on Sundays. Popular study tours also helped bring more people to museums. The Confucius Museum saw many of these tours. In Xi’an, the Qinqiang Opera was a popular subject of study tours. Local museums offered chances to learn the culture. “Museums are bridges. They connect the past, present and future,” said Yang Chaoming, a professor at Shandong University. “More and more people wish to better learn about traditional Chinese culture through museum visits.” 今年夏天预订博物馆门票并非易事。游客们常常发现，下一周的门票早已被预订一空。整个暑假期间，中国的博物馆展厅里都挤满了游客。对许多博物馆来说，这样的人潮以往并不常见。那么，这股“博物馆热”背后的原因是什么呢？ 山东孔子博物馆馆长郭思克认为，部分原因在于人们对中国传统文化日益增长的兴趣。 “如今，中国的年轻人热爱中国传统文化，”郭思克说。他补充说，现代科技也发挥了作用。科技让人们能够以更多方式体验传统文化。 位于西安市的陕西历史博物馆的游客量也有所增加。该博物馆每天只能接待 12,000 名游客。然而，其门票预订应用每天收到超过 60 万次的点击量。为了解决这个问题，该博物馆取消了周一闭馆的规定。同时，周日也延长了开放时间。 流行的研学游也有助于吸引更多人走进博物馆。孔子博物馆接待了许多此类研学团队。在西安，秦腔成为研学游的一个热门主题。当地博物馆提供了了解该文化的机会。 “博物馆是桥梁。它们连接着过去、现在和未来，”山东大学教授杨朝明说。“越来越多的人希望通过参观博物馆更好地了解中国传统文化。” 【长难句分析】 原句： "Across China, museum halls were filled with visitors during the summer vacation. To many museums, such crowds had not often been seen before." 结构分析:这是两个紧密相关的句子。 第一句是简单句：主语 (museum halls) + 谓语 (were filled) + 方式状语 (with visitors) + 地点状语 (Across China) + 时间状语 (during the summer vacation)。第二句是简单句：主语 (such crowds) + 谓语 (had not often been seen) + 时间状语 (before) + 对象状语 (To many museums)。这里的 To many museums 表示“对于许多博物馆来说”，说明后面描述的情况是从这些博物馆的角度看的。 难点: 第二句的 To many museums 作为对象状语的位置（句首）及其含义（表示“在...看来/对于...来说”）可能造成理解困难。同时，该句使用了过去完成时被动语态 (had not often been seen)，强调在暑假这个“过去时间点”之前，这种情况（人潮）对许多博物馆而言并不常见。 原句： "They allow people to experience traditional culture in more ways." 结构分析:主要是 allow sb. to do sth. (允许/使某人能做某事) 这个动词短语结构，以及 in more ways (以更多方式) 作方式状语修饰 experience。 原句： "The museum can only allow 12,000 people to visit each day. Its ticket booking app, however, received more than 600,000 clicks a day." 结构分析:这是两个形成对比的句子，由转折连词 however 连接。 【重难词汇梳理】 craze (n.) /kreɪz/: 狂热，热潮 called off /kɔːld ɒf/: 取消 played a role (idiom) /pleɪd ə rəʊl/: 发挥了作用 study tours /ˈstʌdi tʊə(r)z/: 研学旅行，研学游 subject (n.) /ˈsʌbdʒɪkt/: 主题，科目 connect (v.) /kəˈnekt/: 连接，联系 clicks (n. pl.) /klɪks/: 点击量，点击次数 Passage 2 Founded in 1971, a social service organization is trying to care for any person in need. It serves 15,000 poor people each year. In the beginning, when its members were unable to fully meet certain people’s needs at work, they often entered into discussions, finding how they could help on their own. When Executive Director Bill Sullivan saw what was happening, he had an idea. He organized a team with workers to show their care. And he called the team “the village” 一家成立于1971年的社会服务机构致力于关怀任何需要帮助的人。它每年为15,000名贫困人士提供服务。起初，当该机构的成员在工作中无法完全满足某些人的需求时，他们常常会展开讨论，探讨如何凭借自身力量提供帮助。当执行董事比尔·沙利文（Bill Sullivan）看到这种情况时，他萌生了一个想法。他组建了一个由工作人员组成的团队，来展示他们的关怀。他将这个团队命名为“村庄”。 The team wants to help someone achieve his or her goals (目标) and it wants to do so by having workers give away their own time, money, skills, and anything else they could offer. People who work at the organization are encouraged to care for others. “The cool thing about ‘the village’ is that we believe in our workers and the power (力量) of care that lies within them,” said Sullivan. 该团队致力于帮助人们实现其目标（目标），其方式是让员工自愿付出自己的时间、金钱、技能以及他们所能提供的任何其他东西。该机构鼓励工作人员关怀他人。沙利文说：“‘村庄’最棒的一点在于，我们信任我们的员工，也相信蕴藏在他们身上的关怀之力（力量）。” “The village” allows people to feel comfortable giving what they can, as all donations are unnamed. “Someone who gives away a car is no more important than the person who sits and listens to someone to let him or her feel loved and cared for,” said Sullivan. “‘村庄’让人们能够安心地尽己所能提供帮助，因为所有捐赠都是匿名的。”沙利文说，“捐赠一辆汽车的人，与坐下来倾听他人、让其感受到被爱与被关怀的人同等重要。” The first person getting help from “the village” was a homeless man. Within just three weeks, “the village” provided him with a car, an apartment and other things. The man said that he had lost all hope before he came across “the village”. It gave him a chance to start over. He wanted to give back by volunteering to help others and make a difference in the community. 第一位获得“村庄”帮助的是一位无家可归的男子。仅仅三周内，“村庄”就为他提供了一辆汽车、一套公寓和其他物品。这名男子表示，在遇到“村庄”之前，他已万念俱灰。它给了他一个重新开始的机会。他希望通过志愿服务来帮助他人、回馈社区，从而为社区带来改变。 “The power of care is clear and has lasting influences — not just on the people who receive donations, but also on those giving away things. It can lead to an understanding of ourselves — who we are, and how important we actually are,” Sullivan said. The power of care is great because it provides a goal — something we all try to achieve within our lives. Many call this love. “关怀的力量是清晰可见且影响深远的——不仅体现在接受捐赠的人身上，也体现在那些付出的人身上。”沙利文说，“<u>它能引导我们理解自我——我们是谁，以及我们究竟有多么重要。</u>”关怀的力量之所以伟大，是因为它提供了一个目标——一个我们所有人都在生活中努力追求的东西。许多人称之为“大爱”。 实战演练 一、阅读理解 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A （24-25九年级上·河南周口·期末） In December 2020, the “quiet carriage” service was first introduced on some trains of the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway and the Chengdu-Chongqing high-speed railway. Up to June 2024, Beijing-Guangzhou, Beijing-Harbin, Shanghai-Kunming and other high-speed railways also have had this service. In the “quiet carriage”, there are silent videos and announcements made at a low volume (音量). Doors at both ends of the carriage are closed to avoid noise from outside. During the trip, passengers must wear earphones or turn off loudspeakers when using electronic devices. They also need to leave their seats to make or answer calls, and their phones should be set to silent or vibrate mode (振动模式). For those travelling with children, they must take care of them and keep them quiet. Mr. Li, a Chengdu local, said, “I make at least one round trip a week between Chengdu and Chongqing for work. I sometimes need to focus on my work or get some rest during the hour-long trip. The ‘quiet carriage’ is a good choice for me.” “When I booked the tickets, I first saw the option (选项) for the ‘quiet carriage’, and I wanted to give it a shot,” said Miss Mou, who took the train from Beijing to Shanghai. “When I entered the carriage for the first time, signs reminding passengers to keep quiet were everywhere, and it was really much quieter than the other carriages.” Experts say that the “quiet carriage” service provides passengers with more value-added choices. It not only helps passengers to follow public order and respect the rights of others, but also creates a more civilized (文明的) travelling environment. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．Which of the following is TRUE about the “quiet carriages”? A．They create a silent space for passengers. B．They have been around for at least five years. C．No announcements are made in these carriages. D．Not everyone is allowed to enter these carriages. 2．If a little boy cries loudly in a “quiet carriage”, his parents had better first ________. A．ask others for help B．wait until he calms down C．take him out of the carriage D．run a health check on him carefully 3．What does the underlined part “give it a shot” probably mean? A．Have a try. B．Shut it off. C．Take a break. D．Make a mess. 4．Why does the author mention Mr. Li and Miss Mou? A．To show the service that passengers can enjoy. B．To explain what makes the “quiet carriages” special. C．To show that the “quiet carriage” service is well received. D．To show that the passengers there mostly work in business. 5．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．The importance of the social order. B．The need to build a railway network. C．The development of our country’s railway service. D．The good influence of introducing “quiet carriages”. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．A 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了高铁新推出的“静音车厢”服务。 1．推理判断题。根据“In the ‘quiet carriage’ ... For those travelling with children, they must take care of them and keep them quiet.”可知，静音车厢会尽量为乘客创造安静的环境。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据“For those travelling with children, they must take care of them and keep them quiet.”可知，在静音车厢里，父母必须让孩子保持安静。推测当孩子大哭时，父母最好把孩子带出静音车厢。故选C。 3．词句猜测题。根据“‘When I booked the tickets, I first saw the option (选项) for the ‘quiet carriage’, and I wanted to...’”和“‘When I entered the carriage for the first time,’”可知，当牟小姐看见“静音车厢”选项时，她选择了尝试。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据“The ‘quiet carriage’ is a good choice for me.”和“and it was really much quieter than the other carriages.”可知，李先生和牟小姐对“静音车厢”的评价很高。这两个例子表明“静音车厢”这项服务收到乘客的好评。故选C。 5．主旨大意题。根据“It not only helps passengers to follow public order and respect the rights of others, but also creates a more civilized (文明的) travelling environment.”可知，“静音车厢”不仅帮助乘客遵守公共秩序，尊重他人的权利，还创造了一个更加文明的旅行环境，最后一段主要说明了引入“静音车厢”后产生的良好的效果。故选D。 B Is the world too crowded? Well, that is a hard question to answer. In Montana America, you might drive for a mile and not see anyone. In Tokyo, Japan, over 10,000 people live in every square mile! The population is one of the most important things in the world today. In fact, the world’s population doesn’t stay the same. As we all know, China held the title (头衔) for having the largest population in the world—over 1.4 billion. But India overtook China and became the country with the largest population last year. By the end of 2030, its population will be over 1.5 billion. Five hundred years ago, the population of the world was about 425million. There are about 8 billion people in the world now. By 2050, the world’s population will be more than 9 billion. If the world’s population keeps growing, by 2080 there will be over 10 billion people on the earth. Wow! That’s a lot of people! Some people worry about that! The large population is a big problem because it will cause lots of problems in the future. More people will need more food and more space. The more people there are, the more resource (资源) the world needs, and the more we need to think carefully about how we live and use the earth’s resources. With the increasing population, we must take action to protect the earth. Simple habits like reducing waste, saving energy, and planting trees can help. Education is also the key to helping people understand the importance of sustainable (可持续的) living. If we all work together, we can keep the earth clean and safe for our children and grandchildren. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 6．What does the underlined word “overtook” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Became bigger in number. B．Became richer. C．Became smaller in number. D．Became poorer. 7．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The problems caused by the large population. B．Advantages of a large population. C．The growth of the world’s population. D．Ways of controlling the growth of the world’s population. 8．What should we do with the population growing according to the writer? A．We should build more cities and houses. B．We should think carefully about the way we live. C．We should use technology to produce more food. D．We should move to places with a smaller population. 9．What can we know from the text? A．A large population can be a good thing. B．The world will need more and more resources. C．The world’s population growth is getting higher. D．The world can feed no more than 8 billion people. 10．Why did the writer write the passage? A．To compare the population of China and India. B．To discuss the world’s population and its results. C．To explain why there are so many people in the world. D．To show how to protect the environment. 【答案】6．A 7．C 8．B 9．B 10．B 【导语】本文主要讲了人口增长速度很快， 面对人口增长过快这一问题，我们要思考如何生活并如何使用地球上的资源。 6．词义猜测题。根据“But India overtook China and became the country with the largest population last year.”可知印度成为人口最多的国家，它的人口超过了中国，故此处划线部分意为“数量越来越多”。故选A。 7．主旨大意题。根据“Five hundred years ago, the population of the world was about 425million. There are about 8 billion people in the world now...”可知第三段主要介绍了人口的增长。故选C。 8．细节理解题。根据“The more people there are, the more resource (资源) the world needs, and the more we need to think carefully about how we live and use the earth’s resources.”可知我们需要仔细思考我们如何生活和使用地球资源。故选B。 9．推理判断题。根据“If the world’s population keeps growing, by 2080 there will be over 10 billion people on the earth”以及“The more people there are, the more resource (资源) the world needs, and the more we need to think carefully about how we live and use the earth’s resources.”可知人口越多，世界需要的资源就越多，而人口在增长，所以世界需要越来越多的资源。故选B。 10．主旨大意题。本文主要讲了人口增长速度很快， 面对人口增长过快这一问题，我们要思考如何生活并如何使用地球上的资源，所以作者写本文的目的是讨论世界人口和它造成的结果。故选B。 二、完形填空 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 “I’m really thankful to our government, for it provides us with such a good training program. The training greatly helps us live well. I will certainly study hard and learn the skills. Then I can 1 my family’s difficulties and do good to other people,” a learner on the job training program said, feeling 2 . The learner’s grandfather is nearly 80 years old, and his mother is ill in bed. So his father, a middle-aged farmer, is the main 3 of the poor family. The learner graduated from high school and did not pass the college entrance examination (高考). The job training program helps him learn the skills that he’ll need in the 4 . The story reminds me of another story. It goes like this: Once upon a time, there was a man who liked 5 very much, and was able to catch lots of fish every day. The man was a kind-hearted person, so he always 6 his fish with his neighbors who did not know how to fish. One day, he thought that it would be great if he taught them how to fish. So he 7 his neighbors together and showed them how to fish. Everybody was very happy, as they could 8 the fish they themselves caught. At present, there are still a lot of 9 people throughout the world. But it’s not good if we give only food to them. 10 , we should give them a chance to learn new skills. Therefore, a technical training is very important to people in need, and they will learn the ability to 11 money. People can learn a lot of useful things in the job training program and what they learn can help them on the way to find 12 . 1．A．solve B．change C．study D．find 2．A．angry B．excited C．mad D．interested 3．A．problem B．example C．relative D．support 4．A．school B．college C．workplace D．family 5．A．fishing B．swimming C．skiing D．skating 6．A．shared B．cooked C．exchanged D．weighed 7．A．drove B．stopped C．called D．searched 8．A．feed B．save C．catch D．eat 9．A．poor B．rich C．unhealthy D．old 10．A．Next B．Instead C．Luckily D．Especially 11．A．pay B．raise C．use D．make 12．A．jobs B．family C．luck D．friends 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．A 6．A 7．C 8.C 9．A 10．B 11．D 12．A 【导语】本文讲了政府职业技能培训帮助贫困家庭成员学习技能，自立自强，体现了授人以渔的理念，助力脱贫致富。 1．句意：这样我就可以解决我家人的困难，并为其他人做好事。 solve解决；change改变；study学习；find找到。根据“my family’s difficulties”可知，家庭困难可以解决，故选A。 2．句意：一位在职培训项目的学员兴奋地说。 angry生气的；excited兴奋的；mad发疯的；interested感兴趣的。根据“Then I can ... my family’s difficulties and do good to other people”可知，能够解决家人的困难，并为其他人做好事，学员的心情是激动兴奋的，故选B。 3．句意：所以他的父亲，一个中年农民，是这个贫穷家庭的主要支柱。 problem问题；example例子；relative亲戚；support支持。 根据“The learner’s grandfather is nearly 80 years old, and his mother is ill in bed.”可知，这个家庭中祖父高龄，母亲生病，父亲是主要的支柱，故选D。 4．句意：职业培训项目帮助他学习工作中需要的技能。 school学校；college大学；workplace工作场所；family家庭。根据上文“a learner on the job training program”可知，此处指“工作所需技能”，故选C。 5．句意：故事是这样的：从前，有一个非常喜欢钓鱼的人，他每天都能钓到很多鱼。 fishing钓鱼；swimming游泳；skiing滑雪；skating溜冰。根据“and was able to catch lots of fish every day”可知，此处指“喜欢钓鱼”，故选A。 6．句意：这个人是一个善良的人，所以他总是与不知道如何钓鱼的邻居分享他的鱼。 shared分享；cooked烹饪；exchanged交换；weighed称重。根据“The man was a kind-hearted person”可知，他是热心肠的，所以和邻居分享，考查share sth. with sb.“和某人分享某物”。故选A。 7．句意：于是他把邻居们叫到一起，教他们怎么钓鱼。 drove开车；stopped停止；called叫；searched搜索。 根据“his neighbors together and showed them how to fish”可知，此处指“把邻居们叫到一起，教他们怎么钓鱼”，其他选项不符合句意，故选C。 8．句意：每个人都很高兴，因为他们可以吃他们自己抓的鱼。 feed喂；save救；catch抓；eat吃。根据“showed them how to fish”可知，教他们如何钓鱼，他们能吃到自己钓的鱼，故选C。 9．句意：目前，世界上仍然有很多穷人。 poor贫穷的；rich有钱的；unhealthy不健康的；old年老的。根据“But it’s not good if we give only food to them.”可知，给食物给穷人。故选A。 10．句意：相反，我们应该给他们一个学习新技能的机会。 Next下一个；Instead相反；Luckily幸运地；Especially尤其。 根据“But it’s not good if we give only food to them. ..., we should give them a chance to learn new skills.”可知，这里应该是转折，不如教会他们，故选B。 11．句意：因此，技术培训对有需要的人来说是非常重要的，他们将学习赚钱的能力。 pay付钱；raise筹集；use使用；make赚得。根据“Therefore, a technical training is very important to people in need, and they will learn the ability to ... money.”可知，这里指学会挣钱的能力，make money“赚钱”，故选D。 12．句意：人们可以在职业培训项目中学到很多有用的东西，他们学到的东西可以帮助他们找到工作。 jobs工作；family家庭；luck运气；friends朋友。根据“learn a lot of useful things in the job training program”可知，职业培训项目是为了帮助寻找工作，故选A。 二、短文填空 （2024·湖南郴州·模拟预测） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Dragon Boat Festival falls on the fifth day of the fifth month of the Chinese calendar every year. 1 this festival, there are many kinds of celebrations. People eat rice dumplings and watch dragon boat races. The dragon boat is long with a dragon head at the front and 2 (it) tail at the end. Those 3 (competitor) on the boat paddle (用桨划船) it as far as they can to the finish line. One team member sits at the front of the boat and beats a drum to encourage his team 4 (go) faster and win the race. The story behind the Dragon Boat Festival is about 5 Chinese famous poet (诗人), Qu Yuan. He worked for the king of Chu (楚国), but some people said terrible things about him, and the king became 6 (anger) with him. To avoid being killed, Qu Yuan left Chu and went to a village. While living there, he wrote many famous poems. In 278 BBC, Chu was conquered (攻克) by Qin. Qu Yuan was so sad for his homeland 7 he jumped into the Miluo River. The villagers paddled quickly out on the river 8 they could not find him. Then the local villagers threw rice dumplings into the river so that the fish would leave Qu Yuan’s body alone. Thus the Miluo River 9 (know) for Qu Yuan. Later, eating rice dumplings and holding dragon boat races became 10 (wide) practiced traditions on the Dragon Boat Festival. 【答案】 1．On/During 2．its 3．competitors 4．to go 5．a 6．angry 7．that 8．but 9．is known 10．widely 【导语】本文主要介绍了端午节的庆祝活动和起源。 1．句意：在这个节日里，有很多种庆祝活动。on表示在具体的某一天，during表示“在……期间”，用于描述在某个特定的时间段内发生的事情，这里指在端午节或在端午节期间，句首字母大写。故填On/During。 2．句意：龙舟很长，船头有一个龙头，船尾有一条龙尾。根据“… tail at the end”可知，此处应用it的形容词性物主代词its“它的”，用来修饰后面的名词“tail”。故填its。 3．句意：船上的那些选手尽他们所能把船划到终点线。“Those”后接可数名词复数形式，competitor是可数名词，其复数是competitors。故填competitors。 4．句意：一名队员坐在船头击鼓来鼓励他的团队游得更快并赢得比赛。encourage sb. to do sth.是固定用法，意为“鼓励某人做某事”，所以此处要用动词不定式to go。故填to go。 5．句意：端午节背后的故事是关于一位中国著名诗人屈原的。a是不定冠词，用于泛指“一个”，这里表示泛指一位中国著名诗人，且“Chinese”是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用a。故填a。 6．句意：他为楚王效力，但有人说他坏话，国王对他很生气。“become”是系动词，后面接形容词作表语，anger是名词，其形容词形式是angry。故填angry。 7．句意：屈原为他的祖国如此悲伤以至于他跳进了汨罗江。so...that...是固定结构，意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。故填that。 8．句意：村民们迅速划船到河里，但是他们找不到他。根据“The villagers paddled quickly out on the river … they could not find him.”可知，村民们迅速划船到河里，但是他们找不到他，前后句之间存在转折关系，but“但是”符合语境。故填but。 9．句意：因此汨罗河因屈原而被人们所知。be known for是固定短语，意为“因……而闻名”，这里描述客观实际情况，用一般现在时时，know的过去分词是known。故填is known。 10．句意：后来，吃粽子和举行龙舟比赛成为了端午节广泛流传的传统习俗。根据“became … (wide) practiced traditions”可知，此处应用wide的副词widely “广泛地”修饰动词“practiced”，表示“被广泛实践”，故填widely。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 2 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$