必修第一册 UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS（课件PPT）-【优化指导】2026年高考英语一轮复习高中总复习·第1轮（云南专版）

高考总复习 英语 第一部分 教材复习 UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS 必修第一册 1 affect vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动；使感染 [拓展]affection n．喜爱；钟爱；感情 affective adj.情感的；感情的 affecting adj.动人的；感人的；激起怜悯的 考点归纳对接用 核心考点 突破 单句语法填空 ①(2023·北京卷)One of them is about how the most accessible information in the present _______(affect) decisions about the future. ②Affected ____ a high fever，he continued with his work. ③Think of the movies，books，teachers，and friends that have an effect __ you most deeply. affects with on 考点归纳对接用 核心考点 突破 完成句子 ④显而易见，盲目地接受他人的意见将影响我们的判断。 Apparently，blindly following others' advice will ____________________. affect our own judgment 考点归纳对接用 核心考点 突破 [考点归纳] be affected by受……的影响；被……感动 be affected with感染……疾病 affect sb./sth.＝have an effect/influence on/upon ...对……产生影响 考点归纳对接用 核心考点 突破 [佳句赏析] Affected by his story，many young people began to do volunteer work for the disabled. 许多年轻人为他的故事所感动，开始自愿帮助残疾人。 考点归纳对接用 核心考点 突破 2 ruin n．破坏；毁坏；废墟 vt.破坏；毁坏；毁灭；使破产 单句语法填空 ①The strong earthquake left the city in _____(ruin) merely in several seconds. ②It rained for one week on end，completely _______(ruin) our holidays. ③Drunk driving not only ruined _______(he) but also killed several passers-by. ruins ruining himself 考点归纳对接用 核心考点 突破 句式升级 ④He made a mistake，which ruined his chance of going abroad. →He made a mistake，_____________________________．(分词作状语) ruining his chance of going abroad 考点归纳对接用 核心考点 突破 ·ruin oneself毁了某人自己 ruin one's health/fame/future损害/毁了某人的健康/名誉/前途 ·be/lie in ruins成为废墟；破败不堪；严重受损 fall into ruin成为废墟；破败不堪 come to ruin崩溃；毁灭 bring ...to ruin使……毁灭；使……没落 leave ...in ruins使……成为废墟 [考点归纳] 考点归纳对接用 核心考点 突破 3 shock n．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt.(使)震惊 [拓展]shocked adj.感到震惊的；愤慨的，十分厌恶的 shocking adj.令人震惊的；令人气愤的 考点归纳对接用 核心考点 突破 单句语法填空 ①(2025·八省高考综合改革适应性演练)I managed to find the street the theater was on，but when I turned the corner，I stopped __ shock. ②The survivors lay on the beach，exhausted and _______(shock). ③Rescue workers ____________(shock) by what they saw. ④All of the students in my class felt _______ at the ________ news.(shock)　 in shocked were shocked shocked shocking 考点归纳对接用 核心考点 突破 句式升级 ⑤The bear tore a hole in the fence and put his head in.Elli and I were shocked. →The bear tore a hole in the fence and put his head in，__________________________________________________．(which引导的非限制性定语从句) →______________________________________________________________________．(what引导的主语从句和that引导的表语从句) which shocked Elli and me/which made Elli and me shocked What shocked Elli and me was that the bear tore a hole in the fence and put his head in 考点归纳对接用 核心考点 突破 ·be a shock to ...对……而言是一件震惊的事 in shock吃惊；震惊 electric shock触电；电休克 culture shock文化冲击 ·be shocked by/at/that ...对……感到震惊 be shocked to do sth.因做某事而感到震惊 [考点归纳] 考点归纳对接用 核心考点 突破 4 trap vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n．险境；陷阱 单句语法填空 ①(2023·浙江1月卷)Will this lovely and humanistic creature be _______(trap) in the web again? ②Six men _________________(trap) in a mine for seventeen hours. ③The police set _ trap to catch the thief. ④By clever questioning they trapped him into _________(admit) his crime. trapped have been trapped a admitting 考点归纳对接用 核心考点 突破 句式升级 ⑤Because of the greenhouse effect，the earth is warmed by gases which are trapped in the atmosphere. →Because of the greenhouse effect，the earth is warmed by gases ______________________．(分词短语作定语) trapped in the atmosphere 考点归纳对接用 核心考点 突破 ·be trapped in ...被困在……中 trap sb.into (doing sth.) 诱使某人(做某事)；使某人中计(去做某事) ·fall into a trap落入圈套 set a trap for sb.给某人设圈套 [考点归纳] 考点归纳对接用 核心考点 突破 5 bury vt.埋葬；安葬；掩埋；使陷入；掩藏 一句多译 ①他埋头于书本，所以不知道外面下雨了。 →Because he ________________ his books，he didn't know it was raining outside. →Because he _____________ his books，he didn't know it was raining outside. buried himself in was buried in 考点归纳对接用 核心考点 突破 →_________________ his books，he didn't know it was raining outside.(现在分词短语作状语) →_________ his books，he didn't know it was raining outside.(过去分词短语作状语) Burying himself in Buried in 考点归纳对接用 核心考点 突破 ②我每天专心读英文报，获得了丰富的知识。 →I ______________________________________________________ and I have gained rich/abundant knowledge. →_______________________________________________________，I have gained rich/abundant knowledge.(分词作状语) bury myself in/am buried in reading English newspapers every day Buried in/Burying myself in reading English newspapers every day 考点归纳对接用 核心考点 突破 句式升级 ③He wept sadly and he buried his face in his hands. →He wept sadly，_________________________．(现在分词短语作状语) →He wept sadly，___________________________．(with的复合结构) →He wept sadly，_______________________．(独立主格结构) burying his face in his hands with his face buried in his hands his face buried in his hands 考点归纳对接用 核心考点 突破 ·bury one's head/face in hands双手抱头/掩面 bury oneself in专心致志于 be buried in 埋头于，专心于；被埋葬在…… ·表示“专心于；致力于”的短语还有： be devoted to　 be lost in　 be absorbed in　 focus/concentrate on [考点归纳] 考点归纳对接用 核心考点 突破 6 effort n．努力；艰难的尝试；尽力 单句语法填空 ①He gained the success more ____ effort than by chance. ②John is making __ effort to lose weight by going to the gym regularly. ③We should spare no effort __________(protect) our environment. ④The prisoner made ______(effort) to escape，but he failed. with an to protect efforts 考点归纳对接用 核心考点 突破 完成句子 ⑤她尽一切努力做一个好学生。 She __________________________________ a good student. ⑥这些学生一直在刻苦学习，他们的努力最终会带来成功。 The students have been working hard on their lessons and _____________ ____________ in the end. made every effort/spared no effort to be their efforts will bring success 考点归纳对接用 核心考点 突破 [考点归纳] 考点归纳对接用 核心考点 突破 7 suffer vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦 [拓展]suffering n．疼痛；痛苦；折磨；苦难 sufferer n.受难者；患者；受苦者 考点归纳对接用 核心考点 突破 单句语法填空 ①(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)It is also being used to help patients _________(suffer) from dementia，a serious illness of the mind. ②(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered ____ terrible back pain. ③To be honest，they ________(suffer) huge losses in the disaster.　 suffering from suffered 考点归纳对接用 核心考点 突破 句式升级 ④He had never suffered such a great loss in his life，so he almost lost the hope for life. →_______________________________________，he almost lost the hope for life.(分词作状语) Not having suffered such a great loss in his life 考点归纳对接用 核心考点 突破 suffer from患……病；因……而受苦 suffer from a bad cold患重感冒 suffer for为……而受苦 suffer sth.遭受…… suffer pain/defeat/hardship/damage遭受痛苦/挫败/困难/损害 [考点归纳] 考点归纳对接用 核心考点 突破 8 survive vi.生存；存活 vt.幸存；艰难度过；幸免于难；比……活的时间长 [拓展]survivor n．幸存者；生还者 survival n．幸存；生还；残存物 考点归纳对接用 核心考点 突破 单句语法填空 ①How do the family survive __ such a small monthly wage? ②As far as I know，the old lady survived her husband __ 5 years. ③If he couldn't find his way out of the forest，there would be little chance of ________(survive). on by survival 考点归纳对接用 核心考点 突破 完成句子 ④生活不在于如何从暴风雨中幸存，而在于学会在雨中翩翩起舞。 Life isn't about _____________________；it's about learning to dance in the rain. how to survive the storm 考点归纳对接用 核心考点 突破 句式升级 ⑤After she had survived the earthquake，she was confident that everything else would be all right. →___________________________，she was confident that everything else would be all right.(分词作状语) Having survived the earthquake 考点归纳对接用 核心考点 突破 survive sth.幸免于难；艰难度过；幸存 survive the severe winter/the storm/the crisis渡过严冬/暴风雨/危机 survive from 从……存活下来；流传下来 survive from earlier times从早年留存下来 survive on靠……生存 A survive B (by＋时间) A比B多活…… [考点归纳] 考点归纳对接用 核心考点 突破 Human life is regarded as part of nature and，as such，the only way for us to survive is to live in harmony with nature. 人类生活被认为是自然的一部分，因此，我们存活下去的唯一的方法是和自然和谐相处。 [佳句赏析] 考点归纳对接用 核心考点 突破 9 strike vi.& vt.(struck，struck/stricken)侵袭；突击；击打；罢工；(时钟等)敲；划(火柴)；撞击；给(某人以……)印象；突然想起 n．罢工；罢课；袭击 单句语法填空 ①______(strike) by the beauty of the West Lake，we stopped to admire it. ②Just before September，Miller __________(strike) by a car and lost his right arm. Struck was struck 考点归纳对接用 核心考点 突破 一句多译 ③我忽然想到我告诉他们的电话号码是错的。 →______________ the phone number I had told them was wrong.(strike) →__________________ the phone number I had told them was wrong.(occur) →____________ the phone number I had told them was wrong.(hit) It struck me that It occurred to me that It hit me that 考点归纳对接用 核心考点 突破 句式升级 ④Because I was struck by what he had done for me，I couldn't contain myself，tears of gratitude flowing down my cheeks. →______________________________，I couldn't contain myself，tears of gratitude flowing down my cheeks.(过去分词短语作状语) Struck by what he had done for me 考点归纳对接用 核心考点 突破 [考点归纳] ·be struck with/by被……所袭击(感动) It strikes sb.that ...某人突然想起…… strike ...into one's heart使某人感到…… sth.strikes sb.某人突然想到某事/物 strike sb.in/on＋the＋身体部位 打某人某部位 考点归纳对接用 核心考点 突破 ·be on strike在罢工 come out on＝go on strike举行罢工 ·表示“突然想到”的动词还有hit、occur等。 It hits sb.that ...＝It occurs to sb.that ...某人突然想到…… 考点归纳对接用 核心考点 突破 [佳句赏析] Greatly struck by the beauty of the language，I thought how even today Shakespeare's writing remains powerful and true. 我被优美的语言深深打动，我想即便在今天，莎士比亚的作品还是那么真实而有力。 考点归纳对接用 核心考点 突破 10 too ... to ...太……而不能…… Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat ... 不仅是鸡，连猪都焦躁不安，不愿进食…… 考点归纳对接用 核心考点 突破 单句语法填空 ①(2024·浙江1月卷)Either your shopping is then too heavy ______(carry) home or you can't use what you've bought while it's still fresh. ②You _____(can) be too careful when you drive your car. ③I'm too glad ______________(admit) to a key university. to carry can't to be admitted 考点归纳对接用 核心考点 突破 完成句子 ④活到老学到老。 One is never ______________． ⑤她动不动就生气。 She is too ready ____________． ⑥我当时太年幼，不理解这部电影的含义。 I was then _______________________ the meaning of the film. too old to learn to get angry too young to understand 考点归纳对接用 核心考点 突破 [考点归纳] ·“too＋adj./adv.(for sb.)＋to do sth.”表示否定意义，意思是“太……而不能……”。 ·当“too ...to ...”用来修饰表达人的态度、情绪倾向等的形容词时，如anxious、eager、glad、happy、pleased、ready、willing等，不定式表示肯定意义。 ·can't/can never ...too ...再怎么……也不为过 考点归纳对接用 核心考点 突破 11 as if 引导表语从句 It seemed as if the world were coming to an end! 仿佛世界末日即将来临！ 考点归纳对接用 核心考点 突破 单句语法填空 ①The woman loves the children as if she ____(be) their mother. ②Tom raised his right hand as if ______(say) something. ③It was John who broke the window.Why are you talking to me as if I ________(do) it? ④It sounds as if you ___(have) a good time. ⑤It seemed as if someone __________(come) to save us. were to say had done had was coming 考点归纳对接用 核心考点 突破 完成句子 ⑥看起来要起沙尘暴了。 It looks ___________________________． as if a sandstorm is coming up 考点归纳对接用 核心考点 突破 句式升级 ⑦She stood there as if she was waiting for someone. →She stood there _____________ for someone.(省略句) as if waiting 考点归纳对接用 核心考点 突破 ·as if＝as though，意为“似乎，好像”，用在seem、look等系动词之后引导表语从句。as if/as though还可引导方式状语从句。 ·若as if/as though从句描述非现实情况，则用虚拟语气。 ①当从句表示与现在事实相反的情况时，谓语动词用一般过去时(be动词一般用were)； [考点归纳] 考点归纳对接用 核心考点 突破 ②当从句表示与过去事实相反的情况时，谓语动词用过去完成时(had＋过去分词)； ③当从句表示与将来事实相反的情况时，谓语动词用“would/could/might＋动词原形”。 考点归纳对接用 核心考点 突破 David insisted on running as if he had forgotten all his weaknesses，though he was tripped over within a few kilometers. 大卫坚持跑着，好像忘记了自己所有的弱点，尽管他没跑几千米就被绊倒了。 [佳句赏析] 考点归纳对接用 核心考点 突破 1 一词多义 (1)根据语境选出calm的含义 A．adj.镇静的；沉着的　 B．adj.(海洋、湖泊等)平静的　 C．n.安静，宁静　 D．vt.使平静；使镇静 考点归纳对接用 核心考点 突破 ①So do we dance in order to make ourselves feel better，calmer，healthier？ _____ ②They remained on the terrace(平台) after dinner，enjoying the calm of the evening. _____ ③The deep，gentle voice helped calm the nervous girl. _____ ④Today the sea is calm and has only gentle waves. _____ A C D B 考点归纳对接用 核心考点 突破 (2)根据语境选出strike的含义 A．v.击打　B．v.突然想起　C．n.罢工 D．v.(灾难、疾病等)侵袭　E．v.划(火柴) F．v.(时钟等)敲 考点归纳对接用 核心考点 突破 ①When I entered the room，the clock had just struck 10. _____ ②As an old saying goes，“Strike the iron while it's hot.” You'd better go over what you have learned as soon as possible. _____ ③The girl struck a match and the warm light filled the room immediately. _____ F A E 考点归纳对接用 核心考点 突破 ④They have been on strike for several days to get a higher pay. _____ ⑤A big earthquake struck the area last week，which then caused a terrible tsunami. _____ ⑥It strikes us that we can follow the stream back to the farmhouse. _____ C D B 考点归纳对接用 核心考点 突破 (3)根据语境选出deliver的含义 ①She was delivered of a healthy boy. _____ ②I'm having some flowers delivered for her birthday. _____ ③I feel greatly honoured to deliver a lecture on genetic engineering here. _____ B A C 考点归纳对接用 核心考点 突破 (4)根据语境选出affect的含义 A.v.影响　B．v.(感情上)深深打动　 C．v.(疾病、洪水等)侵袭；使感染 ①Deeply affected by the film，we couldn't hold back tears. _____ ②Honestly speaking，the coming-of-age ceremony affects me greatly. _____ ③The flood affected the area greatly，destroying houses and causing many deaths. _____ B A C 考点归纳对接用 核心考点 突破 2 识词断义 写出黑体词在语境中的词性及意义 ①Once his message was delivered，he allowed me to stay and watch. _______ ②Two more ran to get the school nurse，who brought a defibrillator(除颤器)，an electronic device(器械) that can shock the heart back into work. ___________ vt.传达 vt.使受电击 考点归纳对接用 核心考点 突破 ③She was rushed to the hospital after suffering from shock. _______ ④When we visited the old family home，past sweet memories came flooding back. ___________ ⑤In order to catch the thief，the police set a trap for him. ______ n.休克 v.大量涌入 n.陷阱 考点归纳对接用 核心考点 突破 Ⅰ.单句填空 (本题中黑体词为上一单元词语) 1．He made a great effort to save the girl _______(trap) in the burning house. 2．Working out either indoors or outdoors regularly _______(affect) your fitness positively. 3．The news that the athlete failed in the marathon due to a serious injury made us _______(shock). trapped affects shocked 基本考点强化练 运用能力 提高 4．______(bury) in reading the legend of a master in basketball，he didn't make it to school on time. 5．How can you survive __ such a poor diet? Keeping slim doesn't make sense if you're not healthy. 6．Compared with those who are engaged in manual labor，teachers experience more mental __________(suffer). 7．__ struck me that I was cheating myself by pretending to understand what I didn't. Buried on sufferings It 基本考点强化练 运用能力 提高 8．The stadium and the gym lay __ ruins after the big fire caused by careless smoking. 9．The schoolboys compete fiercely in the soccer match as if they ______________(compete) in a national championship. 10．To win an honour for his country，he didn't give up even if he got injured in the race，_______(set) a good example to others. in were competing setting 基本考点强化练 运用能力 提高 Ⅱ.语境活用 1．People were _______ to see that the little girl was admitted to the university.The ________ news _______ all the people around.(shock) 2．The ____ man has much ______ and can handle various matters ______．(wisdom) 3．We measured the ______ of the area and found it was just three meters ____ and thus，we needed to ________ it.(length) shocked shocking shocked wise wisdom wisely length long lengthen 基本考点强化练 运用能力 提高 4．He takes a deep ______ and ________ in the sweet smell of fresh flowers.(breathe) 5．Mastering some basic skills would greatly increase your chances of ________．Thanks to the swimming skills，he and his friend succeeded in _________ the terrible flood and they were the only two _________．(survive) 6．The recent _________ treatments have a great ______ on the recovery of the patients affected by this disease.(effect) breath breathes survival surviving survivors effective effect 基本考点强化练 运用能力 提高 7．The ______ disease has affected many people and has caused at least 30 ______ up to now.(death) 8．When you write a _______ of an article，___________ the main idea of each part is the first step.(summary) 9．She has been _________ from the loss of memory since she had that car accident and her _________ is beyond description.(suffer) 10．When an ________ incident _______，you can immediately call the _________ number.(emergency) deadly deaths summary summarizing suffering suffering emergent emerges emergency 基本考点强化练 运用能力 提高 Ⅲ.语境填词　词语串记 请先从方框中选用本单元所学词语完成下面的短文，然后核对答案并背诵短文。(本题中黑体词为本单元词语) in the open air；as if；in ruins；sweep away；on hand；first aid kit；come to an end；be in short supply 基本考点强化练 运用能力 提高 Disasters such as tornadoes，droughts，floods，landslides，volcanic eruptions，typhoons，hurricanes and earthquakes have come one after another，causing great damage to many countries.In summary，the earthquake has the worst effects.The 1976 Tangshan earthquake caused more than 240，000 deaths.About 90 percent of the city's homes lay 1._______ and people suffered a lot.Food，water and electricity 2.____________________．Everywhere the shocked survivors saw destroyed bricks，deep cracks in village wells and in ruins were in short supply 基本考点强化练 运用能力 提高 useless metals 3._____ the world were 4.________________．Rescue teams dug out the trapped，buried the dead，and built shelters 5.______________．With unified efforts and wisdom of all people，the city revived itself and began to breathe again. as if coming to an end in the open air 基本考点强化练 运用能力 提高 Earthquakes under the sea can also cause tsunamis.The tsunami that struck Asia in 2004 crashed into coastlines.Huge waves 6.__________ many people.Foreign countries aided these areas by delivering food and supplies by helicopters. (Tips for emergency：※Keep calm ※ Tap on a pipe or whistle for help ※Stay away from power lines ※ Survive on what you have 7._______ ※ Keep 8.__________ at home) swept away on hand first aid kits 基本考点强化练 运用能力 提高 Ⅳ.教材语法填空 Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeastern Hebei.The well walls had deep cracks.Some 1.______(smell) gas came out of them.Chickens and even pigs were too nervous 2.______(eat).At 3：42 3.__ the morning of 28 July 1976，everything began to shake.4.__ seemed as if the world were coming to an end.Steam burst from holes in the ground and hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt.In less than one minute，a large city lay in 5._____(ruin).Two thirds of the people died or were 6._______(injure).Nearly everything in the city was smelly to eat on It ruins injured 基本考点强化练 运用能力 提高 destroyed.People were 7._______(shock) at this and wondered how long the disaster would last.The army organised teams to dig out those 8.___ were trapped and to bury the dead.Workers built shelters for 9._________(survive).Fresh water was taken to the city.Slowly，the city began to breathe again.With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city's people，a new Tangshan 10._________(build) upon the earthquake ruins. shocked who survivors was built 基本考点强化练 运用能力 提高 Ⅴ.写作增分练 根据下面给出的开头语和情节脉络续写一篇80词左右的短文。 情节脉络：猛烈的龙卷风袭击了密苏里州，“我”父母的家被严重损坏→当父母安全离开后，他们希望“我”能保存一些他们的书和照片→不幸的是，雨水不停地落在那些书和照片上，一切似乎都无望了→突然，一个瘦弱的老人出现在“我”身边，帮助“我”挽救了这些珍贵的书和照片…… 基本考点强化练 运用能力 提高 Suddenly，from out of nowhere，a thin，elderly man appeared at my side._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 基本考点强化练 运用能力 提高 [参考范文] Suddenly，from out of nowhere，a thin，elderly man appeared at my side.Shocked，I took a step back，but he said in a comforting voice，“Everything is going to be alright.” He told me he heard about the disaster and came to help.Seeing everything inside was going to be ruined，he went through the rain toward the house，trying to get a cover over the house.I was placing several photo albums and books into plastic bags for protection from the rain when I realized it was no longer raining in the house.Looking up，I saw rubbery- 基本考点强化练 运用能力 提高 looking material covering the roof.He'd done it.I was so grateful for his help because now I could save more of my parents' cherished possessions.The man was a light in the darkness. 基本考点强化练 运用能力 提高 请完成：限时规范练（五） 温馨提示 谢谢观看！ $$