高中英语语法知识点总结-it 的用法 清单-2026届高三英语上学期一轮复习专项

It的用法 It 的用法是高考英语高频考点，主要考查形式包括单项填空（占比最高）、短文改错和完形填空。核心考查方向集中在强调句、形式主语/宾语、固定句型及代词功能，需重点掌握结构辨析与语境应用。 1． It was only when I reread his poems recently ___ I began to appreciate their beauty．  A．until             B．that                  C．then            D．so  正确答案：B 此题考查强调句，所以用that。  2． I hate ____when people talk with their mouths full．      A．it       B．that     C．these      D．them  正确答案：A 此题考查it作形式宾语的用法，所以选A。  3．(短文改错) David and I did not agree and David pointed to a path which he thought it would probably lead to a village．  正确答案：去掉it，因为定语从句中已有宾语which。  要点： 知识点1：it用作人称代词 知识点2：it用作非人称代词 知识点3：用作形式主语 知识点4：it作形式宾语 知识点5：it 引导的表时间的句型 知识点6：it用于强调句的it 一、知识点 1．it用作人称代词 代替上文中提到过的人或事物，动物。指代人时，一般用于小孩或身份不明的人，在句子中做主语或者宾语。 My pen is missing. I can’t find it anywhere. （指代事物） My brother has a dog. He has had it for a year. （指代动物） He has a baby; he loves it very much. （指代小孩） - Who is knocking at the door? - It’s me.（指代身份不明的人） He failed in the exam and it worried him.（指代身份不明的人） 2．it用作非人称代词 常用做句子的主语，用于表达天气、环境、日期、时间、距离、温度、季节等。 例如：   It was very quiet at the moment. It is a long way to the factory. It often rains in summer. It’s January 15th today. What time is it? It’s 8 o’clock. 3. it作形式宾语 当宾语为从句，且后面带有宾补时，常用it作宾语代替宾语从句，把真正的宾语从句后置。 it充当形式宾语，宾语从句后置的情况有下列几种： ① V. ＋ it ＋ 宾补 ＋宾语从句 （常见动词： believe, consider, declare, estimate, fancy, feel, find, guess, hear, imagine, know, make, prove, think, understand） We find it difficult that we should finish the work on time. Lesley thinks it wrong that Simon didn’t answer the phone. He made it clear that he was not interested in this subject. ②. 动介短语＋it＋that宾语从句 We are thinking of it that we’ll lend you some money. I shall see to it that your child is taken good care of when you are absent. ③ 动词 ＋ it ＋ 介词短语 ＋ that 宾语从句 Keep it in mind that you have to be home by ten o’clock. We took it for granted that Nadia would come. ④ 动词（表示喜怒哀乐enjoy, hate, like, love等）＋ it ＋ 宾语从句 I hate it when people talk with their mouths full. I like it what everyone passed the exam. ☆高考易错点： 短文改错中易出现 “从句已有宾语却重复用 it” 的错误，如： × David pointed to a path which he thought it would lead to a village. √去掉 it（which 已作 thought 的宾语） 4．用作形式主语 it 没有具体意义，而只是帮助把真正的主语移至句子后尾，使句子显得平稳一些，能借it 给移至句子后尾的主语有三种：一种由不定式表示，一种由动名词表示，一种由从句表示。  (1) It 替代真正的主语——动词不定式短语 It ＋be ＋ n. ＋ 不定式短语    As a student, it is bad manners to come late to class. It ＋ be ＋adj. ＋ (for/of sb.) ＋ 不定式短语 【for修饰事情的性质，of修饰人】 It is very important for us to learn a foreign language well. It’s very kind of you to help me with the big box. It ＋ takes ＋ sb. ＋段时间 ＋不定式短语 It took the men a week to mend our proof. It ＋ be ＋ up to sb. ＋ 不定式短语 It’s up to us (= It’s our duty) to give them all the help we can. (2) it 替代真正的主语——动名词短语,以动名词短语做主语的句子 It ＋ be ＋ n. ＋动词ing形式短语 It’s no use crying over spilt milk. I don’t think it’s much good writing to him now. (3) it 替代从句作主语，用从句做主语的带it 的句子很多,常见的有下面几类：  ① It ＋v. ＋ n. ＋ 主语从句 It is a pity (a shame ,a fact ,a wonder ,a good thing,etc. )that…         It is a pity that she has made such a mistake.   It is a shame that he didn’t pass the exam.    It makes no difference to me whether it’s foggy or clear. It struck me that the boss was behaving pretty strangely. It occurred to me that she might have forgotten the date.  It shocked me that he didn’t tell anybody where he was. ②It ＋v. ＋ adj. ＋主语从句 分两种情况： 第一种： A. It ＋ be/seem的适当形式 ＋ adj. ＋ 主语从句  It seems (happened ,turned out,etc.)that…                        It seemed that things were not as they expected.    第二种：   B. It is/ was ＋ advisable / desirable / important / necessary / natural / proper / strange / supervising / unusual / wonderful…＋主语从句 这类型句型中，从句的谓语动词用“should＋动词原形” It is necessary that we should get everything ready before hand. It is strange that Mike should have left without telling us.  ③It ＋ be ＋ 过去分词 ＋ 主语从句。 可以分为两种情况： A. It is/ was ＋ announced/ believed/ decided/ expected/ hoped/ known/ reported/ said/ thought/ told…＋主语从句。 该类型常可转换为含有宾语从句的复合句或含有不定式作主语补足语的简单句。 It’s said that Walter has come back from Europe. 变： People say that Walter has come back from Europe. Walter is said to have come back from Europe. B. It is/ was ＋decided/ desired/ proposed/ requested/ settled/ suggested…＋主语从句。 该类型句中，谓语动词用（should）＋动词原形 It is suggested that the group should begin with the third question. 注意： It appears/ seems that…和It looks as if/ as though It seems that he hasn’t told his wife about it. It looks as if we are going to have trouble with the boy again. It will be a pity if we have to ask her to leave, but it looks as if we may have to. 5. it 引导的表时间的句型 ① It ＋be ＋ 一段时间 ＋ since 引导的从句 It is several years since he began to live here. 他已经在这儿住了好几年了。 It is several years since he lived here. 他不住在这儿已经好几年了。 ② It ＋be ＋ 一段时间 ＋ before引导的从句 此句型意为“过一段时间才……”，其否定式意为“没过多久就……” It was not long before the two friends met again. It won’t be long before we meet again. ③ It/ This/ That ＋ be ＋ the first/ second/ third…time ＋ that引导的从句 For most students, we guess, it is the first time that they have been away from home. It was the first time that the Paralympic Games, the second-largest sports event in the world after Olympic Games, had been held in Greece. Don’t forget. It will be the first time I have spoken in public. ④ It’s (about/high) time ＋ that 引导的从句 It’s time we found somewhere to have dinner. *6. 用于强调句的it it可用于强调除谓语以外的许多句子成分，强调句的结构是： it ＋ is/ was ＋ 被强调部分 ＋ that/whom ＋ 其他成分 下面以Nancy saw your sister in Tokyo last week为例展示强调各成分时的情况。 ①强调的主语为人，可用who，间或用that。 It was Nancy who saw your sister in Tokyo last week. ②如果强调的宾语或间接宾语是人，用whom，间或用that。 It was your sister whom Nancy saw in Tokyo last week. ③ 强调状语时多用that引导。 It was in Tokyo that Nancy saw your sister last week. It was last week that Nancy saw your sister in Tokyo. 强调句不仅可以采用肯定句的形式，也可以采用否定句、疑问句、感叹句或从属成分的句式。 It wasn’t for several years that I had an opportunity of seeing her again. Was it in the drawer that you put your passport? What was it that made you so happy? He told me that it was because he was ill that they decided to return. What a picture it is you’ve drawn! 注： not…until…的强调句形式为固定结构，即：it is/ was not until…that… It was not until I had read your letter that I understood the true state of affairs. 二、常用句型及考点  I. 形式主语型    1. It is clear (obvious，true，possible，certain…) that…   2. It is important (necessary，right，strange，natural…)that…   掌握本句型，应该记住所列举的形容词，并且记住that后的从句应用虚拟语气  (should+动词原形)，should可以省去。  3. It is no good (use) doing sth．                      4. It is a pity (a shame …) that…    本句型中，that后的从句一般用虚拟语气  (should十动词原形)，should可以省去。表示出乎意料，常译为“竟然”。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。  5. It is time (about time，high time) that…            本句型中that后的从句应该用虚拟语气。    6. It is the first (second…)time that…                  7. It is said (reported，learned…．)that…  8. It is suggested (ordered…) that…       本句型中的过去分词应该是表示请求、建议、命令等的词，that后的从句要用虚拟语气(should十动词原形)，should可以省略。常译为“据建议；有命令……”。  9. It happens (seems,appears) that…                 10. It takes sb…to do sth．    11. It doesn’t matter whether…       12. It is kind (of sb) to do sth．      本句型中的不定式如果需要逻辑主语，则须要前置介词of，而句型中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语特征的形容词，常见的有bad，brave，careless，clever，cruel，foolish，honest，horrible，kind，lazy，modest，naughty, polite，rude，silly, stupid，wise，wrong等。  13. It is necessary ( for sb) to do sth．                 14. It is (just) like sb to do sth． 本句型为“某人(恰恰)是……样子”。用来表示赞扬或不满，若用否定式，则表示怀疑。  例：It's like him to leave the work to others． 他就是这样的一个人，把工作推给别人。    15.  It is up to sb to do sth．  本句型表示“谊由某人做……”。  II．强调句型  It is+ 被强调部分+that/who…  本句型中被强调部分可以是主语、宾语或状语。强调的主语如果是人，that可以由who换用。  III．其他句型          1. It is…since…              本句型主句中用时间作表语，一般用现在时或完成时，since引导的从句常用瞬间动词的一般过去时态。主句如用一般过去时，则从句用过去完成时。    2. It is…when…               本句型中的when引导的是一个时间状语从句，主句中的it指时间，表语由具体的时间充当。    3. It looks (seems) as if．．．      本句型中的as if引导一个状语从句，常译为“看起来好像……”。如果与事实不相符合，则用虚拟语气．    例1  It looks as if he is ill (真的病了) .                              例2  It looks as if he were ill  (没有生病) .  1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$