第01期期末暑假 专题04 阅读理解议论文（提分策略+25高考3篇+25期终16篇）-2026届新高三英语提分培优通关练

2026届新高三英语提分培优通关练（高考真题+名校模拟） 第01期 2025年期末考试暑假专辑 专题04 阅读理解议论文 （提分策略+25高考3篇+25期终16篇）原卷版 目录 技能专区 1 真题专区 1 模拟专区 5 技能专区： 冲刺备考名师提醒，洞悉高考命题规律，提供高效提分干货 一、阅读理解议论文细节理解题注意落实“定位原文”和“同义替换”技巧。 二、重视议论文“总分(总)”结构，特别是首段和段首的独特引领作用。 三、形容词适配题注意原文定位，找到动词或形容词，确定最佳答案。 四、标题概括题重视三性：概括性、简洁性和新颖性；同时联系首段和关键词。 五、说明文长难句落实“括号法”--（从句）（非谓语）（介词短语）（名词短语）。 六、满分策略：读题干→找原文→做标记→留痕迹→看选项→扣字眼。 · 真题专区： · 练真题，明方向；练技巧，提能力；练速度，提分数！ 01-2025全国一卷 While safety improvements might have been made to our streets in recent years, transport studies also show declines in pedestrian (行人) mobility, especially among young children. Many parents say there’s too much traffic on the roads for their children to walk safely to school, so they pack them into the car instead. Dutch authors Thalia Verkade and Marco te Brömmelstroet are bothered by facts like these. In their new book Movement: How to Take Back Our Streets and Transform Our Lives, they call for a rethink of our streets and the role they play in our lives. Life on city streets started to change decades ago. Whole neighbourhoods were destroyed to make way for new road networks and kids had to play elsewhere. Some communities fought back. Most famously, a Canadian journalist who had moved her family to Manhattan in the early 1950s led a campaign to stop the destruction of her local park. Describing her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway, Jane Jacobs called on her mayor (市长) to champion “New York as a decent place to live, and not just rush through.” Similar campaigns occurred in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s as well. Although these campaigns were widespread, the reality is that the majority of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car. The number of cars on roads has been increasing rapidly. In Australia we now have over twenty million cars for just over twenty-six million people, among the highest rate of car ownership in the world. We invest a lot in roads that help us rush through, but we fail to account for the true costs. Do we really recognise what it costs us as a society when children can’t move safely around our communities? The authors of Movement have it right: it’s time to think differently about that street outside your front door. 28. What phenomenon does the author point out in paragraph 1? A. Cars often get stuck on the road. B. Traffic accidents occur frequently. C. People walk less and drive more. D. Pedestrians fail to follow the rules. 29. What were the Canadian journalist and other campaigners trying to do? A. Keep their cities livable. B. Promote cultural diversity. C. Help the needy families. D. Make expressways accessible. 30. What can be inferred about the campaigns in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s? A. They boosted the sales of cars. B. They turned out largely ineffective. C. They won government support. D. They advocated building new parks. 31. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Why the Rush? B. What’s Next? C. Where to Stay? D. Who to Blame? 02-2025浙江1月卷 As new technologies take on increasingly humanlike qualities, there’s been a push to make them genderless. “People are stereotyping (形成刻板印象) their gendered objects in very traditional ways,” says Ashley Martin, a Stanford associate professor of organizational behavior. Removing gender from the picture altogether seems like a simple way to fix this. Yet as Martin has found in her work, gender is one of the fundamental ways people form connections with objects, particularly those designed with human characteristics. In her study, Martin asked participants to rate their attachment to male, female, and genderless versions of a digital voice assistant and a self-driving car known as “Miuu.” It was found that gender increased users’ feelings of attachment to these devices and their interest in purchasing them. For example, participants said they would be less likely to buy a genderless voice assistant than versions with male or female voices. While gendering a product may be good marketing, it may also strengthen outdated or harmful ideas about power and identity. The stereotypes commonly associated with men, such as competitiveness and dominance, are more valued than those associated with women. These qualities, in turn, are mapped onto products that have been assigned a gender. Martin’s study also found that creating a genderless object was difficult. For instance, if an object’s name was meant to sound genderless, like Miuu, participants would still assign a gender to it – they would assume Miuu was a “he” or “she.” Martin sees a silver lining, however: She believes that anthropomorphism (拟人化) “provides an opportunity to change stereotypes.” When women are put into positions of leadership like running companies, it reduces negative stereotypes about women. Similarly, anthropomorphized products could be created to take on stereotype-inconsistent roles – a male robot that assists with nursing or a female robot that helps do calculations, for instance. 32. What is the purpose of making new technologies genderless? A. To reduce stereotypes. B. To meet public demand. C. To cut production costs. D. To encourage competition. 33. What were the participants probably asked to do in the study? A. Design a product. B. Respond to a survey. C. Work as assistants. D. Take a language test. 34. Why is it difficult to create genderless objects? A. They cannot be mass-produced. B. Naming them is a challenging task. C. People assume they are unreliable. D. Gender is rooted in people’s mind. 35. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about? A. The quality of genderless products. B. The upside of gendering a product. C. The meaning of anthropomorphism. D. The stereotypes of men and women. 03-2024新课标I卷 Is comprehension the same whether a person reads a text onscreen or on paper? And are listening to and viewing content as effective as reading the written word when covering the same material? The answers to both questions are often “no.” The reasons relate to a variety of factors, including reduced concentration, an entertainment mindset (心态) and a tendency to multitask while consuming digital content. When reading texts of several hundred words or more, learning is generally more successful when it’s on paper than onscreen. A large amount of research confirms this finding. The benefits of print reading particularly shine through when experimenters move from posing simple tasks – like identifying the main idea in a reading passage – to ones that require mental abstraction – such as drawing inferences from a text. The differences between print and digital reading results are partly related to paper’s physical properties. With paper, there is a literal laying on of hands, along with the visual geography of distinct pages. People often link their memory of what they’ve read to how far into the book it was or where it was on the page. But equally important is the mental aspect. Reading researchers have proposed a theory called “shallowing hypothesis (假说).” According to this theory, people approach digital texts with a mindset suited to social media, which are often not so serious, and devote less mental effort than when they are reading print. Audio (音频) and video can feel more engaging than text, and so university teachers increasingly turn to these technologies – say, assigning an online talk instead of an article by the same person. However, psychologists have demonstrated that when adults read news stories, they remember more of the content than if they listen to or view identical pieces. Digital texts, audio and video all have educational roles, especially when providing resources not available in print. However, for maximizing learning where mental focus and reflection are called for, educators shouldn’t assume all media are the same, even when they contain identical words. 28. What does the underlined phrase “shine through” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Seem unlikely to last. B. Seem hard to explain. C. Become ready to use. D. Become easy to notice. 29. What does the shallowing hypothesis assume? A. Readers treat digital texts lightly. B. Digital texts are simpler to understand. C. People select digital texts randomly. D. Digital texts are suitable for social media. 30. Why are audio and video increasingly used by university teachers? A. They can hold students’ attention. B. They are more convenient to prepare. C. They help develop advanced skills. D. They are more informative than text. 31. What does the author imply in the last paragraph? A. Students should apply multiple learning techniques. B. Teachers should produce their own teaching material. C. Print texts cannot be entirely replaced in education. D. Education outside the classroom cannot be ignored. 模拟专区： 做好题才有好成绩！练技能，补漏洞，提分数，强信心！ 【议论文01】（24-25高二下·浙江金华·期末）A single-minded, tireless drive — that’s what it takes to be successful. Be “all in”. Burn the boats behind us. That message is rooted in our society, from self-help books to social media influencers all telling us that we need to commit more. The world continually sends the signal to narrowly define your goals. In my senior year, I became the fastest high-school miler in the country when I ran a 4:01 mile. When my progress as a runner reached a bottleneck, my sports psychologist told me a story about a world-class runner who had become stuck while struggling to make the transition from success in college to Olympic-level performance. “What helped her break through?” I asked. “Knitting (编织).” he replied. She had taken up knitting to relax and to take her mind off running. I was too young and stubborn to follow the advice. I doubled down — but never ran faster than my high-school record or broke a 4-minute mile. In the years since, working as a coach with top-class performers, I kept noticing that their single-minded focus was getting in their way. Their focus on achieving specific goals had become a constant, disabling signal that they were not measuring up. This single-minded approach was backfiring. Research backs this up. Researchers at Michigan State University looked at over 100 years of Nobel Prize-winning scientists and found they were more likely than their less-accomplished peers to have creative interests outside of their research. The prize-winners were 22 times more likely to perform, sing or act as a hobby;12 times more likely to pursue creative writing; and about 7 times more likely to participate in a craft like sculpting. To be sure: The more we care, and the more our job or pursuit feels like a part of who we are, the harder we’ll work. That’s helpful to a certain point. But such narrowing comes with a downside. As we get rid of other parts of ourselves, and that one activity becomes an ever bigger presence, fear starts to take over. We don’t just want to succeed. We have to. When outcomes are all that matter, our immediate response isn’t to become a fighter. It’s to retreat (退缩). So, the secret is to go in a different direction. When the world screams to go narrow, top-class performers learn to go broad. 1．How did the author respond after hearing the story of the world-class runner? A．He pushed himself harder. B．He adjusted his training methods. C．He took some time off from running. D．He adopted knitting as a stress-reliever. 2．What do we know about Nobel Prize-winning scientists in the research? A．They spent more time on research than others. B．They avoided entertainments to maintain focus. C．Their diverse hobbies contributed to their achievements. D．Their research covers a wider range of fields than their peers. 3．What is the author’s attitude towards the single-minded approach? A．Favorable. B．Disapproving. C．Tolerant. D．Unclear. 4．Which of the following might be a suitable title for the text? A．Why “All in” Is No Recipe for Success B．Breaking Through Fear in Competitive Fields C．Why Hobbies Outweigh Professional Training D．Narrowing Down Your Focus to Achieve More 【议论文02】（24-25高二下·浙江湖州·期末）In an era where “digital detox” has become a buzzword, people who call themselves digital minimalists proudly delete social apps, turn their phone screens to black-and-white, or switch to simple phones. Yet their fight against technology overload often creates a confusing cycle. To reduce screen time, they use apps like Forest to track their habits; to replace iPads, they buy $200 special black-and-white devices; and to learn about minimalism, they spend hours watching YouTube videos. Surprisingly, App Annie’s 2023 report showed downloads of “digital wellness” apps jumped by 140%, proving that this movement against technology still deeply depends on it. This contradiction echoes historical patterns. In the 19th century, the British Arts and Crafts Movement fought against factory-made goods by praising handmade items. However, these handmade products became expensive luxuries only the rich could afford. Similarly, today’s digital minimalism, while trying to resist distractions from apps and ads, has created a huge $8. 7 billion industry selling “anti-tech” products. Examples include writing apps without ads, “smart” paper notebooks that need internet updates, and simple-looking gadgets. These products turn the idea of rebellion into something people can buy, like turning a protest sign into a fashion accessory. The real problem is showing off simplicity. A 2024 Stanford study found that 62% of people who call themselves digital minimalists spend the same amount of time on their phones — they just switch from social media to “approved” apps like e-book readers or meditation tools. This is similar to Instagram photos of perfectly clean desks: the empty space looks simple, but behind it are complex phone settings and app algorithms. Maybe we need a new way of thinking. Scholar Andrew Hui suggests treating technology like water — using it wisely without wasting or nervously measuring every drop. Writer Jenny Odell, in her book How to Do Nothing, argues that real freedom isn’t about running away from the digital world but finding balance within it. This could mean allowing small, joyful moments in our digital lives: a funny cat video popping up during work, or understanding that a family member’s repeated health posts in a chat group are really about showing love. When we stop judging every tech choice as “good” or “bad” and focus on meaningful connections, we might finally feel free in the digital age. 1．What is the main outcome of digital minimalists’ efforts? A．They successfully reduce screen time through strict rules. B．They depend more on technology to achieve their goals. C．They inspire others to join the digital detox movement. D．They completely abandon modern devices like iPads. 2．Why is the 19th-century Arts and Crafts Movement mentioned? A．To show anti-tech trends are not new in history. B．To criticize the high cost of handmade products. C．To prove that older generations valued simplicity more. D．To compare traditional crafts with modern digital tools. 3．What does the Stanford study reveal about digital minimalists? A．They prefer meditation apps to entertainment. B．Their phone settings are simpler than non-minimalists’s. C．They spend less time on social media than average users. D．Their total screen time remains unchanged despite efforts. 4．What solution does the author support for balancing digital life? A．Strictly avoiding all non-work-related technology. B．Labeling technology as either “good” or “bad. ” C．Embracing small digital joys without guilt. D．Returning to pre-industrial lifestyles. 【议论文03】（24-25高二下·浙江嘉兴·期末）While we race into a future where we outsource most of our problem-solving to artificial intelligence, the greatest threat is not super intelligent machinery. It’s mindlessly putting too much trust in Big Tech and not enough trust in the power of our own minds. A philosophy of artful thinking is a good way to avoid this. To think artfully means to solve problems using not just our brains, but also our hands, eyes, and ears, along with our emotions. This approach taps into the cognitive (认知的) resources that are spread throughout our bodies but often go unused. Changing how we think is hard work. And it starts with a mindfulness practice. Accessing artful intelligence requires being mindful of how we think with our body, how we use our limbs (四肢), organs, and emotions to make sense of the world. Be mindful of all the different messages your body is sending you as well as the different roles and functions your bodily actions can play. For example, gesturing (做手势) in conversations is not just communicative. These movements often help the speaker to smooth out their thought process and assist in getting the words out. Today, Big Tech is pushing a message of artificial-intelligence craziness and fear. What makes you stuck in it? It’s seeing the same things wherever you look. Big Tech gives you screens, hoping that your attention will always be attracted by their devices. If you want to find more freedom in this AI-filled world, improve your ability to mindfully shift your attention between different objects or levels of focus. Remember everything is born of a choice. Artful thinking demands effortful mindfulness to ensure that what we do, what we hope to achieve by using these technological tools, will not weaken our humanity. As Thich Nhat Hanh said, “Mindful living is an art, and each of us has to train to be an artist.” 1．What can we learn about artful thinking? A．It simplifies problem-solving. B．It focuses on developing our brains. C．It prevents us from over-relying on AI. D．It helps promote high-tech machinery. 2．What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A．Benefits of artful intelligence. B．Mind-body awareness in thinking. C．Significance of being mindful. D．Social interaction through movements. 3．What does the author suggest we do in the AI-filled world? A．Enhance the flexibility of attention. B．Adapt to the rise of AI. C．Avoid the interruptions from Big Tech. D．Improve the levels of focus. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Artful Thinking Advances Big Tech B．Too Much Trust in AI Harms Our Minds C．Physical Actions Better Cognitive Functions D．Mindfulness Keeps Us Human in the Age of AI 【议论文04】（24-25高二下·浙江杭州·期末）In the fiction and creative nonfiction classes that I teach at my university, I routinely stress the importance of every story having a plot and a purpose. The students who take this advice to heart typically produce some fine pieces and exit the class with a good grade. And, according to a study recently published in The Journal of Positive Psychology (心理学), they might just also go on to live more meaningful and productive lives than their less successful storytelling peers. Researchers at Reichman University in Israel conducted a series of studies exploring how skill at storytelling, or the lack of such skill, impacts the sense-making function of narrative thinking. They assessed participants’ storytelling abilities and then cross-referenced the results with a self-report scale (量表). In the first study, participants completed self-report scales assessing their sense of “meaning in life” and “approval of high-level goals”. The self-reports were used in the other two studies as well. In the second study, each participant was asked to propose “a friend who knew them very well”, and this person provided a global rating of the participant’s storytelling ability. In the third study, participants were divided into groups of three. They were then instructed to create two separate stories — one a two-minute story about an event that exhibited a personality trait that characterized them, and the other an original two-minute story using three random words — and tell these stories to the other two people in their group. The pairs of listeners then gave their ratings. Across all three studies, participants who were rated as proficient storytellers exhibited a stronger sense of meaning in life and approval of high-level goals. The results of the study also suggest a beneficial and possibly even healing role for storytelling workshops. While the concepts of “meaning in life” and “high-goal approval” are difficult to teach due to their abstract nature, storytelling can be taught. A little training in various strategies can turn a student with a notebook full of colorful but undeveloped ideas into a proficient (even if not necessarily published) storyteller. Having a plot and a purpose in your stories can translate into deeper meaning and higher goal-setting in your life. 1．According to the findings, better storytelling students will ______. A．have a more productive career B．have a stronger sense of life purpose C．achieve high grades in all subjects D．develop better critical thinking skills 2．What is special about the third study? A．Participants finish a self-report assessment scale. B．Participants take standardized writing-grading tests. C．Participants invite someone to give an overall assessment. D．Participants create and share stories with group members. 3．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．Workshops promote mental well-being. B．Teaching abstract concepts is worthwhile. C．Storytelling contributes to personal growth. D．Everybody can become a published storyteller. 4．Where is the text most probably taken from? A．A course plan. B．A literature writing handbook. C．A psychology textbook. D．A magazine’s education section. 【议论文05】（24-25高二上·浙江杭州·期末）The negative nature of peer pressure (同伴压力) is often presented without question. The undesirable effect of peer pressure cannot be denied, but is it also possible that peer pressure might not entirely deserve its bad reputation? Could peer pressure also have positive effects on the personal development and behavior of young people? A look at the scientific literature reveals exactly that peer pressure is not always a force for the dark side. Many studies suggest that peer pressure and the desire to conform (顺从) are simply a part of being human. Humans, after all, are highly social beings. If humans are hard-wired to respond to peer pressure, then it makes sense to examine how it can be used to change behavior in a positive way. Imagine a situation: student X has always enjoyed playing the guitar but is lazy and unmotivated. Although initially unwilling, she is persuaded to join a school band. The group of students is preparing for a performance and the existing members are enthusiastic, focused and hardworking. Gradually, student X is caught up in the spirit of the band and before long she is willingly making the same commitment of time and effort so they can achieve a common goal. So how does it work? Peer pressure - both positive and negative - follows a recognizable psychological process. If student X does not inform to the established culture of the band, she risks rejection. To dispel tension, student X changes her habits and increases the amount of time and energy she devotes to practice. Some psychologists describe this transposition of personal goals or standards to achieve harmony as part of a “identity shift”. The key to understanding the concept of peer pressure and its power over humans is to closely examine the science of the process, rather than focus on its negative aspects. Providing a one-dimensional view of the concept encourages the bias (偏见) that peer pressure is a strictly undesirable feature of human society. Instead, we should be exploring way to use its power for good. 1．Why does the author raise the two questions about peer pressure in paragraph 1? A．To point out misinterpretations of it. B．To encourage reflection on it. C．To doubt the investigations into it. D．To show general perceptions of it. 2．What should student X do to fit into the band? A．Enhance her leadership. B．Stick to her old routines. C．Learn to play more instruments. D．Invest more energy in playing the guitar. 3．What does the underlined word “dispel” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Hide. B．Sense. C．Remove. D．Display. 4．what is the best title for the text? A．Peer Pressure: Harmful or Helpful? B．Peer Pressure: A Key to Group Success C．Peer Pressure: Beyond the Negative Label D．Peer Pressure: A Psychological Perspective 【议论文06】（24-25高二下·北京·期中）Nietzsche (尼采) was wrong: When you gaze long enough into the abyss (深渊), the abyss does not gaze back into you. Instead, the cosmic void (空洞) remains silent, relentless and frightening in its vastness. When looking at the vast universe, there is a temptation (诱惑) to look at our tiny world with nihilism, feeling that our great achievements amount to nothing, that our history fails to leave a mark, and that our concerns and anxieties are pointless. I’m a cosmologist, the kind of scientist who studies the origin, history and evolution of the universe. I have spent my career researching one special part of the universe called cosmic voids: the vast expanses of nothing that stretch between the galaxies. Most of our universe is void — somewhere around 80 percent of the volume of the cosmos is made of nothing at all. I have spent years working to understand what cosmic voids teach us about the wider universe and its dowry. And in the course of my studies, I have learned to reject that temptation. It’s true that Earth is neither large nor long-lived, but that is only one way of measuring significance. Compared with the cosmic voids, there is something special happening on our planet. Earth is still the only known place in the entire universe where conscious beings raise their curious eyes to the sky and wonder. Earth is the only known place where humans can exist. It is the only known place where laughter, love, anger and joy exist. The only known place where we can find dance, music, and art. Our disagreements and all the beautiful complexities that make us human aren’t meaningless. The experiences in our lives are special because they will never happen in the empty expanse of most of the universe. The same lessons that cosmic voids teach us are found in the voids we encounter in our own lives. The presence of voids guarantees the opposite; they create contrast; they are full of potential. The pain we feel from loss is the last reminder of the gift of a life deeply loved. The silence before a performance is full of electric expectation. Our choice to ignore stressful news is necessary to allow us to focus on what truly matters. Artists have long understood the power of the void. The 12th-century poet Saigyo noted that the pauses between raindrops were as important as the drops themselves. The famed architect Rem celebrated the utility of negative spaces, proclaiming, “Where there is nothing, everything is possible.” The universe won’t do anything for us except give us the freedom to exist. It is our job to fill the universe with meaning and purpose. 1．What does the underlined word  “nihilism” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Hope. B．Admiration. C．Emptiness. D．Purpose. 2．Why does the author reject the temptation? A．Because he is a cosmologist who believes science. B．Because he thinks Earth is special as it is small and short-lived. C．Because he thinks human experiences differ from those in voids. D．Because he thinks Earth is the only place for human experiences. 3．What's the author’s purpose in writing Paragraph 5? A．To reflect on how voids enrich our lives. B．To show how pain can be created from loss. C．To claim that voids serve as obstacles to human growth. D．To argue emotional voids should be filled for more significance. 4．Which would be the best title for the passage? A．Listening to the Abyss: Nietzsche Revisited B．Questioning the Belief in Human Significance C．Beyond the Stars: The Science of Cosmic Voids D．Finding Meaning in Vast Silence of the Universe 【议论文07】（24-25高二下·湖南·期中）There’s a popular saying that if only one voice is allowed to exist; then that one voice must be a lie. This quote couldn’t be more relevant now, as many businesses and platforms are using shady practices to silence negative feedback and ensure only those voices benefiting them remain. This practice is so-called “artificial review boosting”, and has been influencing objectivity in reviews ever since. Its origin dates back to the 20th century when businesses would hand out free samples to obtain a better reputation. However, the practice rises to a new extreme with the emergence of e-commerce platforms. Many online businesses do whatever it takes to ensure high-rating scores, either through giving bonuses and rewards to customers who leave a good review or through bothering and threatening those who leave a negative one. This behavior is not only morally corrupt but also illegal, and it is absurd that many consumers feel they can’t leave negative feedback out of fear that businesses will cause trouble. It’s apparent that this problem is getting out of hand, but how can we fix it? Regulator intervention would certainly help. There should be a tougher crackdown on illegal practices, and e-commerce platforms should be required to protect the privacy of their users. Nevertheless, this is just a small part of the changes needed, as the rating system as a whole needs restructuring. That’s because this system rewards dishonest sellers rather than those selling quality products, and e-commerce platforms, with their profits unaffected, turn a blind eye to its faults. Against all odds, honest feedback has persisted and people who voice their true opinions still exist, but they are becoming rarer. There’s an old saying that if you put a frog in boiling water, it will leap out, but if you cook the frog slowly in warm water, it won’t notice being cooked alive. We consumers are just like frogs — it’s easy for us to fight together against terrible acts robbing our freedom, but we often ignore when the same freedom is gradually taken from us. There will be no grand coup de grace (致命一击) that ends honest feedback. Companies will just let it fade away slowly but we mustn’t allow that to happen because consumers play a more important role in keeping honest feedback. 1．What is the main issue discussed in the text? A．The illegal practices of consumers. B．The history of e-commerce platforms. C．The benefits of free samples for businesses. D．The decline of honest feedback due to artificial review boosting. 2．How do businesses ensure high-rating scores according to the text? A．By improving product quality. B．By cooperating with regulators. C．By restructuring the rating system. D．By rewarding positive reviews and threatening negative reviewers. 3．What does the frog analogy imply about consumers? A．They are as adaptable as frogs in hot water. B．They are easily frightened by sudden threats. C．They fail to notice the gradual loss of their freedom. D．They should fight against terrible acts immediately. 4．What does the author suggest about the current rating system? A．It effectively promotes honest sellers. B．It prioritizes dishonest sellers over honest ones. C．It has been improved by e-commerce platforms. D．It is unaffected by consumer feedback and product quality. 【议论文08】（24-25高二上·江苏泰州·期末）Keeping up with the latest advances in technology — particularly AI and generative AI (GenAI) — can be tough, even for tech enthusiasts, but one new development from Open AI earlier this year really caught our attention. The company introduced a new version of its ChatGPT chatbot — GPT-4 — with a new female-sounding voice. The accompanying launch video showcased the model’s ability to assist users with tasks like solving maths problems and offering presentation tips while maintaining a friendly and cheerful tone. There is no denying that AI does help educators in many ways. However, when we give human characteristics to AI we will soon run into troubling issues. As is feared, evidence has now started to emerge that some young people are showing a desire to befriend these chatbots, going to them for advice and emotional support. These AI tools can imitate human-like conversations, but their outputs are based on patterns and data. Another widely publicized use of GenAI is its ability to create “deepfakes”. Take, for example, the case of one person arrested for creating a deepfake audio clip of his boss making rude remarks. The recording went viral before anyone realized that AI had been used to generate it. Easy-to-use deep fake tools are now freely available and, in common with other visual tools of the past, can be used inappropriately to cause damage or even break the law. Technological developments causing unforeseen negative consequences are nothing new. As a result, education has an essential role to play in helping people better understand AI technologies and avoid related dangers. One approach is to not focus purely on those threats and dangers, but to teach young people how to be critical users of technologies. Possessing an understanding of how those technologies work goes a long way towards achieving the AI-related skills needed to make informed choices. 1．What is the concern about young people’s chatbot interactions? A．Maintenance of an emotional tone. B．Imitation of human-like conversations. C．Attachment to them for emotional support. D．Reliance on them for maths problem-solving. 2．Why does the author mention “deepfakes” in Paragraph 3? A．To illustrate the application of AI. B．To compare AI with past visual tools. C．To show concern for the misuse of AI. D．To warn against the inflexibility of AI. 3．What can be done to help people avoid AI-related dangers? A．Promoting the benefits of AI tools. B．Assisting in making informed choices. C．Emphasizing the threatening aspects of AI D．Directing the critical use of AI technologies. 4．What is the author’s attitude toward AI technologies? A．Negative. B．Favourable. C．Objective. D．Unclear. 【议论文09】（24-25高二下·广东广州·期末）Danone Portugal introduced a new yogurt named Juntos. For every pack of yogurt that a person bought, he would donate yogurt to a family in need. Danone had done its research. Increasingly, people say they want to buy from brands that give them a sense of purpose. Surely a yogurt that helped the needy would be appealing. But Juntos was a failure. Despite sinking millions into a marketing campaign, Danone pulled Juntos from the market only months after it was launched. Now the same product is simply marketed as a tasty yogurt. What happened? To find the reason behind Juntos’ failure, Lawrence Williams and his colleagues did an experiment where they showed people some products and asked these people to pick one option. They reminded some to focus on the “purposeful and valuable” aspect while others were told to “enjoy themselves” and focus on “delight and pleasure.” They found that participants who prioritized meaning preferred the less expensive product when compared with people who put pleasure in the first place. So why were meaning-seekers cheaping out? Lawrence Williams asked participants to explain their decision-making to find out. He learned that meaning-oriented people were not thinking about how the product they might buy could bring meaning to their lives. Instead, they were occupied with what else they could do with their money. I am all for people making wise and strategic financial choices. But cheap products can create many problems. Inexpensive options often do not last as long as the higher-end ones. As a result, we shop more often, which is ultimately worse for our wallets. Plus, that spending pattern can do a greater damage to the environment. Thanks in part to fast fashion, people buy 60 percent more clothing today than they did 15 years ago. The fashion industry alone emits more greenhouse gases than international flights and maritime shipping combined. So before you dive into your wallet for some deals, try not to fix only on what you are spending or saving. Think carefully about what you are buying, too. 1．What is the main reason for the failure of Juntos? A．It ignored marketing strategies. B．It priced itself relatively high. C．It lacked a particularly good taste. D．It focused on delight and pleasure. 2．What can be inferred about meaning seekers? A．They frequent high-end stores. B．They think products extend their lives. C．They hesitate to make decisions. D．They make more purchases with money. 3．Which of the following does the writer suggest ? A．Realizing the downside of cheap purchases. B．Boosting the development of fast fashion. C．Making a wiser and strategic investment. D．Purchasing expensive items when necessary. 4．Which is the most suitable title for the text? A．Enjoy Yourself or Make life Matters B．To Buy or not to Buy C．Meaning seekers or Quality-pursuers D．Fast Fashion: Beneficial or Harmful 【议论文10】（24-25高二上·广东深圳·期末）Recently, I’ve found myself quite crazy about collecting. It’s a hobby that could absorb my spare time and money without regret. Yet, as my collection expands at an alarming rate, I can’t help worrying about sinking into debt and reflecting on it. Collectors each have their own beginnings. Take Judy, for instance. As a child, she had to visit her grandmother weekly. Feeling bored, she played with her grandmother’s jewelry. Now, she’s passionate about collecting antique earrings and necklaces. Sam, another collector, found comfort and joy in colorful clowns (小丑) during his challenging childhood, and now he’s crazy about all things clown-related, from posters and books to lunchboxes and beyond. “Collecting provides a goal, a safe space and a focus for the mind,” a collector shares. “Once you get off the beaten track to enter an unexplored world, where the most interesting stuff is, other people just don’t understand. So it becomes your private world.” For collectors, it’s a personal hunt that keeps them searching late into the night, ignoring the social media distractions. They know exactly what they seek and go to the trouble to acquire it. However, some people regard such collecting behavior far from reasonable. They argue that collecting so many items is a total waste of time and money. Moreover, these items will just gather dust, displayed like aged beauty queens waiting to be admired once more, not to mention the space they’ll take up. Actually, collections are more than just objects. Collections can be a way to connect with history and fame. To own a piece of history that has been touched by someone famous can be a form of time travel, allowing collectors to dive into the past through their collections. Collections can also be a mirror reflecting the personality and identity of the collector. It’s a hobby that can be as simple or as complex as one wishes, but it always offers the excitement of the hunt and the satisfaction of adding another piece to one’s collection. 1．What might be a common reason for beginning a collection? A．Beauty goals. B．Growth challenges. C．Family traditions. D．Childhood experiences. 2．What do the underlined words “the beaten track” mean in paragraph 3? A．The conventional way. B．The unsafe path. C．The unfamiliar world. D．The interesting place. 3．Why are the aged beauty queens mentioned in paragraph 4? A．To highlight the appeal of collecting. B．To display the quantity of collections. C．To question the behaviour of collecting. D．To doubt the choice of collections. 4．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．The history of collecting. B．The value of collections. C．The instructions for collecting. D．The personalities of collectors. 【议论文11】（24-25高二上·广东深圳·期末）Maths anxiety is older than you might think. A hundred years ago, German physicist Felix Auerbach, concerned about the situation and hoping to find ways to deal with it, wrote a little book called The Fear of Mathematics and How to Overcome It. For a mathematician like myself, the pleasure of reading his book is followed by a sigh of regret that the topic is as important today as it was a century ago. Why do we fear mathematics? At heart, says Auerbach, it comes down to a basic misunderstanding of what maths is. The fear of messing up a calculation (计算) may be real, but the fact that there are many excellent mathematicians who are terrible at calculation proves that maths skills and mathematics aren’t the same thing. What, then, is mathematics? Auerbach says it is three things: a science, a language and an art. For me, part of the problem is that we are often stuck in the “science” box. If we can be shown the beauty of mathematics, we might stop fearing the calculations supporting it. As a language, what sets maths apart is the universality (普遍性) of its truths — you can become fluent wherever you are from. As an art, the beauty of maths lies in the wonderful thinking that allows us to understand the endless, explore the beautiful patterns of art and nature, and delight in the perfection of ideas. Focusing entirely on calculation skills misses the joy and excitement that can come from discovering patterns and understanding them, from seeing the artistic beauty of mathematics. Some experts like to point out that we experience anxiety the same way we experience excitement. In the same way, fear can be negative or positive. Our goal should be to move people from a narrow view of mathematics as mere calculations to an appreciation of it as a beautiful language and art that inspires amazement. 1．What does the author think of the book by Auerbach according to paragraph 1? A．It overstates the fear of maths. B．It addresses a common problem. C．It is too old to be important today. D．It is popular among mathematicians. 2．What is the reason behind people’s fear of mathematics? A．Inability to do calculations. B．Lack of support from teachers. C．Failure to understand its nature. D．Difficulty of the math language. 3．In what way can we regard mathematics as an art? A．Through focusing on technical skills. B．Through creating artworks with delight. C．Through exploring applications in science. D．Through appreciating its beauty in patterns. 4．What does the passage suggest we do regarding learning maths? A．Express our fear. B．Seek experts’ help. C．Change our opinion. D．Learn a new language. 【议论文12】（24-25高二上·广东广州·期末）On 11 March 2021, a collage (拼贴画) made up of 5,000 pieces of digital artworks went on sale for more than $69 million and became the world’s most expensive piece of digital art. The collage combines various styles and themes, reflecting the artist’s daily thoughts and observations. The sale was made possible thanks to non-fungible tokens (NFTs). NFT is a unique piece of code that acts like a certificate to prove the work is genuine, so it can be bought or sold like physical paintings. These codes make someone the official owners of the digital artwork. In 2021, more than $15.7 billion was spent on NFTs. Is digital art the future? According to digital artists, NFTs represent the next step in art history. They believe that art develops according to the tools available to them. Embracing (拥抱) digital methods could lead to exciting new works that would never have been possible in the past. Plus, the art world can be exclusive (排他的), with paintings only on show at certain galleries. Digital art gives more people the chance to enjoy art. It also grabs the attention of the buyers. Collectors of digital artworks, as well as investors, have pumped billions of dollars into NFT-related artworks. One famous collector says, “Can NFTs be a breakthrough in the art market? That is a most definite yes. From streaming services to e-sports, the world is becoming more digital. Why should art be different?” He believes that most buyers are driven by admiration, “Artists can make beautiful pieces on their computers. These pieces should be as valuable as physical paintings.” For opponents, digital arts are nothing but a short-lived fashion and will never replace the real thing. Art traditionalists believe that even though people can’t touch most artworks, they are meant to be seen up close. A digital art displayed on a computer screen will never match the experience of walking through a gallery. Even worse, the technology behind it is bad for the environment. NFTs rely on a network of computers that have to be running at all times to process information. This uses up a lot of power and it’s a big source of greenhouse gas emissions, which are the primary cause of climate change. Many collectors are also concerned about the stability (稳定性) of the value, because owning a line of computer codes is not the same as owning a painting. 1．What makes the sale of digital artworks possible? A．The thoughts and observations. B．The high demand for digital art. C．The use of non-fungible tokens. D．The artist’s reputation and fame. 2．According to the famous collector, why will NFTs be a breakthrough in the art market? A．Modern digital methods would lead to more exciting new works. B．NFTs provide people with more opportunities to enjoy art. C．Going digital is the unavoidable trend of the modern world. D．Collectors and investors have pumped lots of money in the market. 3．Which of the following might the opponents agree with? A．Digital artworks will make a lot of profits for galleries. B．The power that NFTs require will do harm to our planet. C．Digital artworks are intended to be fashionable and stable. D．Digital art-serves as a short-lived replacement for real art. 4．What is the text mainly about? A．The world’s most expensive piece of digital art. B．Codes called NFTs that act like certificates in sale. C．The future that digital artworks are going up for sale. D．The debate caused by the NFT-related artworks. 【议论文13】（24-25高二上·广东深圳·期末）When I stepped into my sister’s house, I could feel the tension among the family members. My nephew was complaining that current allowances are insufficient to cover his expenses and questioning why he cannot be trusted. Financial literacy (素养) is a totally new word to his parents and, in their mind, parents are supposed to be extremely tight on kids’ money. As raised in a traditional way, we are constantly told to spend a fixed amount of money in a particular period, with everything arranged. The lack of financial literacy among teens is mainly due to the fear of losing control, which has overshadowed the importance of introducing genuine ideas that can promote independence and responsibility tied to financial autonomy (自主). This mindset implies that if you just follow the parents plan, seemingly you succeed m managing your money. Still, each year heartbreaking news about college students who are involved in unaffordable debt keep popping up. Having financial literacy, however, have more benefits than expected. At best, teens with self-discipline would appreciate the trust and make informed financial decisions. Ever at worst, the cost of making mistakes in teenage years is relatively low and committing the mistakes honestly may open the door to some constructive feedback and financial tips. True financial literacy isn’t simply about carrying out a strict or loose strategy on spending but teaching teenagers to differentiate between necessity and desire, and making wise choices. But managed properly, both bread and Air Jordan shoes can be obtained. With Air Jordan shoes ahead, the difficulty in making and saving money makes us appreciate the value of efforts. Budgeting, planning for your expenses, help you make decisions of consequence and resist temptations. Once teens demonstrate responsible management of cash-based expenses, it is time to consider upgrading. However, teens may not be fully equipped to travel in the complex financial landscape without enough supervision and support. After all, financial autonomy comes with responsibilities. 1．What is the function of mentioning the author’s nephew? A．To explain a difficult concept. B．To draw a persuasive conclusion. C．To give a reasonable prediction. D．To present a convincing example. 2．Why do we need financial literacy? A．It guarantees more control on money by parents. B．It stresses the necessity of producing genuine ideas. C．It helps generate independence and responsibilities. D．It increases the risk of having unaffordable debt. 3．Which pair is similar to bread and Air Jordan shoes? A．Tasty dumplings and cheap stationery. B．Instant noodles and all-star game ticket. C．Worn-out jeans and plain basketball cap. D．Latest electronic devices and rare goods. 4．What is the purpose of the passage? A．To motivate teens to have financial literacy skills. B．To tell reasons why teens fail to manage their finance. C．To teach teens how to spend money reasonably and wisely. D．To analyze the pros and cons of having financial autonomy. 【议论文14】（24-25高二下·湖北荆州·期末）People are taking their health into their own hands it seems, as nearly half of UK adults (48%) have turned to online health information to self-diagnose in the past year, with 18% of 16-24-year-olds doing so at least four times, according to an AXA survey of 4,000 people. The trend reflects growing reliance on digital resources in social media for health advice. While common issues like hay fever (27%), sunburn (19%), and colds (34%) dominate self-diagnoses, 32% report self-diagnosing their mental health conditions. Cases of anxiety and ADHD (多动症) are increasingly self-identified through TikTok symptom checklists, though experts warn such methods lack clinical preciseness. One 24-year-old participant shared: “I diagnosed myself with depression after online tests, but my doctor later owed it to vitamin D deficiency.” So, why are people turning to Dr Google for help? Over a third(36%) complained about the difficulties securing timely appointments, while 22% avoided the NHS due to fears of long waits. With NHS waiting lists hitting 7.5 million — a record high — Prime Minister Keir Starmer promised in January to end backlogs and make millions more appointments available, providing greater choice and convenience for patients. As patients increasingly use online research as a first step, AXA’s report stresses the urgent need for reliable digital health ecosystems. Research shows 52% of UK adults encounter conflicting medical advice online, and 1 in 3 struggle to distinguish credible sources. To deal with this, the report proposes three measures: confirmation of the qualification for healthcare professionals on social media, stricter content grading policies, and automatic early warning for misleading claims — a system already piloted by many platforms for COVID-19 misinformation. With the healthcare system at a crossroads, bridging the gap between digital convenience and medical accuracy remains critical. As AXA’s health director noted: “Letting patients make their own health decisions shouldn’t mean abandoning them to a sea of misleading information.” 1．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A．Most of the self-diagnosis involve common diseases. B．The 24-year-old participant regretted self-diagnosing. C．Self-diagnosis of mental illnesses are not recommended. D．TikTok symptom checklists contributed to self-diagnosis. 2．What does the underlined word “backlogs”mean in Paragraph3? A．Technical errors. B．Staff shortages. C．Public complaints. D．Accumulated tasks. 3．What does AXA’s report suggest about conflicting online advice? A．Qualifying online healthcare professionals. B．Establishing trustworthy online health system. C．Banning health-related content on social platforms. D．Warning healthcare professionals of the misinformation. 4．What can be inferred from the last Paragraph? A．It is urgent to provide accurate and handy online diagnosis. B．Digital diagnostic systems will replace traditional evaluations. C．It is vital to offer more financial support for healthcare system. D．Social media platforms should stop providing healthcare advice. 【议论文15】（24-25高二下·湖北武汉·期末）When the world is faced with a growing number of crises, including climate change and economic decline, writers and critics, finding themselves with even more inspirations and materials on their hands than usual, wondered how these dramatic changes would affect novels. Literature has documented and been shaped by global events, as seen in John Steinbeck's The Grapes of Wrath (1939), and Albert Camus’s imagining of a cholera outbreak — The Plague (1947). Who would write the first great novel of the latest era? Two of America’s novelists, Michael Cunningham and Sigrid Nunez, have recently published novels that try to carry this tradition. The narrator of The Vulnerables by Ms Nunez is an older writer who lives in New York and has all the concerns of a middle-aged, middle-class American living in the 21st century. She ends up in an apartment alone, but her real crisis is literary. Suffering from writer's block, she concludes that “the traditional novel” has lost its “urgency” now. Mr Cunningham's Day, coincidentally, is just the kind of traditional novel Ms Nunez suggests is now outdated. It tells the story of a young family in New York — Dan, an ageing singer, and Isabel, a photo editor, have two young children. His recent unemployment accelerates the breakdown of their marriage and the relationships of several other people they know. Day is alive with all of the small thoughts, looks and feelings that the global financial crisis caused. Unlike historical transformations during previous centuries, the impacts of current events on novels have so far been weakened. With technology accelerating the pace of people's lives, Ms Nunez’s and Mr Cunningham’s books may best be regarded as documents of a certain time that now seems an increasingly distant memory. Despite their new subject matter, these books do not break literary ground. As people’s depression gradually gave way to the optimism of the digital age, they soon slipped right back into normality. The same is proving true for fiction. Both novels remind readers how much their lives changed during the crises, but also, at least for writers and readers of literature, how much stayed the same. 1．Why does the author mention Jhon Steinbeck and Albert Camus in paragraph 1? A．To set a standard. B．To raise a question. C．To clarify a confusion. D．To illustrate a phenomenon. 2．What do The Vulnerables and Day have in common? A．Both belong to traditional novels. B．Both present characters faced with crises. C．Both are written in first-person perspective. D．Both reveal mental issues caused by unemployment. 3．What is the significance of Ms Nunez’s and Mr Cunningham's books? A．They adopt novel subject matters. B．They highlight changes in family relationships. C．They serve as records of a special but passing period. D．They push the boundaries of fiction for their contemporaries. 4．Which best describes the author’s attitude towards the two novels? A．Objective. B．Positive. C．Negative. D．Unconcerned. 【议论文16】（24-25高二上·河南漯河·期末）The world may be losing its tiny pollinators. Where were the sound of flying insects striking against the lightbulb? Even the cicadas (蝉) or crickets (蟋蟀) had stilled its instruments. Where have all the insects gone? Our lives rely on a healthy insect population. Research shows that areas with more insect species have better and more stable pollination. As Dave Goulson, a biology professor, explains in his book Silent Earth: Averting the Insect Apocalypse, about three-quarters of all crops grown by humans need animal pollination, mostly by insects. “We could not feed the global human population without pollinators,” he writes. It’s not just bees and butterflies that are important; other less attractive pollinators like flies, wasps, and soldier beetles are also in decline. These insects not only pollinate but also eat pests that damage crops. Scientists have been warning about the decrease in insect numbers for years. The reasons are climate change, loss of habitats, light pollution, intensive farming, and the use of pesticides and fertilizers. However, it’s difficult to convince people to take action. We humans have a complex relationship with these six-legged creatures. Remember Kafka’s Metamorphosis, where a man turns into a bug, or the Victorian stories where naughty children become insects? Seen closely, even the face of a butterfly or bee is disturbing. y strange. Perhaps we’ve been pushing insects away. Some steps may be as simple as turning off artificial light. A recent study in China found that trees in Beijing, lit by street lights at night, seem to have tougher leaves and less damage from insects. In other words, insects are probably being starved out of the area. We should address our attitudes to insects. Those annoying flies around your food? They use simply doing what they were born for. They’re recycling. Without them we might be wondering what to do about piles of waste. Besides, they’re food for birds, and UK bird populations have crashed in recent years. 1．How does insect diversity influence our lives? A．It makes our life less attractive. B．It contributes to our grain increase. C．It has no significant effect on our life. D．It results in a decrease in animal pollination. 2．What is implied about our relationship with insects? A．We have a negative and fearful idea of them. B．We are completely indifferent to them. C．We have always been very friendly towards them. D．We rely on them and really care about their survival. 3．What is one suggested step to lessen insects decline? A．Introducing more species to control pests. B．Increasing the use of pesticides to protect crops. C．Planting more trees to provide habitats for insects. D．Turning off artificial light to reduce light pollution. 4．What is the purpose of this passage? A．To call on people to preserve insects. B．To illustrate the necessity of recycling. C．To show humans’ relationship with insects. D．To describe the decrease of insects populations. 试卷第4页，共33页 24 / 24 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2026届新高三英语提分培优通关练（高考真题+名校模拟） 第01期 2025年期末考试暑假专辑 专题04 阅读理解议论文 （提分策略+25高考3篇+25期终16篇）解析版 目录 技能专区 1 真题专区 1 模拟专区 7 技能专区： 冲刺备考名师提醒，洞悉高考命题规律，提供高效提分干货 · 一、阅读理解议论文细节理解题注意落实“定位原文”和“同义替换”技巧。 · 二、重视议论文“总分(总)”结构，特别是首段和段首的独特引领作用。 · 三、形容词适配题注意原文定位，找到动词或形容词，确定最佳答案。 · 四、标题概括题重视三性：概括性、简洁性和新颖性；同时联系首段和关键词。 · 五、说明文长难句落实“括号法”--（从句）（非谓语）（介词短语）（名词短语）。 · 六、满分策略：读题干→找原文→做标记→留痕迹→看选项→扣字眼。 · 真题专区： · 练真题，明方向；练技巧，提能力；练速度，提分数！ 01-2025全国一卷 While safety improvements might have been made to our streets in recent years, transport studies also show declines in pedestrian (行人) mobility, especially among young children. Many parents say there’s too much traffic on the roads for their children to walk safely to school, so they pack them into the car instead. Dutch authors Thalia Verkade and Marco te Brömmelstroet are bothered by facts like these. In their new book Movement: How to Take Back Our Streets and Transform Our Lives, they call for a rethink of our streets and the role they play in our lives. Life on city streets started to change decades ago. Whole neighbourhoods were destroyed to make way for new road networks and kids had to play elsewhere. Some communities fought back. Most famously, a Canadian journalist who had moved her family to Manhattan in the early 1950s led a campaign to stop the destruction of her local park. Describing her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway, Jane Jacobs called on her mayor (市长) to champion “New York as a decent place to live, and not just rush through.” Similar campaigns occurred in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s as well. Although these campaigns were widespread, the reality is that the majority of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car. The number of cars on roads has been increasing rapidly. In Australia we now have over twenty million cars for just over twenty-six million people, among the highest rate of car ownership in the world. We invest a lot in roads that help us rush through, but we fail to account for the true costs. Do we really recognise what it costs us as a society when children can’t move safely around our communities? The authors of Movement have it right: it’s time to think differently about that street outside your front door. 28. What phenomenon does the author point out in paragraph 1? A. Cars often get stuck on the road. B. Traffic accidents occur frequently. C. People walk less and drive more. D. Pedestrians fail to follow the rules. 29. What were the Canadian journalist and other campaigners trying to do? A. Keep their cities livable. B. Promote cultural diversity. C. Help the needy families. D. Make expressways accessible. 30. What can be inferred about the campaigns in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s? A. They boosted the sales of cars. B. They turned out largely ineffective. C. They won government support. D. They advocated building new parks. 31. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Why the Rush? B. What’s Next? C. Where to Stay? D. Who to Blame? 【答案】28. C 29. A 30. B 31. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了西方城市过度围绕汽车设计导致行人流动性下降，尤其是儿童步行减少的现象，并通过历史案例和现状分析呼吁反思街道功能，重视城市宜居性。 28.细节理解题。根据文章第一段“While safety improvements might have been made to our streets in recent years, transport studies also show declines in pedestrian (行人) mobility, especially among young children. Many parents say there’s too much traffic on the roads for their children to walk safely to school, so they pack them into the car instead. (虽然近年来我们的街道可能已经改善了安全性，但交通研究也表明行人的流动性下降，尤其是年轻儿童。许多家长说，路上的交通太拥挤，他们的孩子无法安全步行上学，所以他们把孩子塞进车里)”可知，作者指出的现象是人们步行减少、开车增多。故选C。 29. 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Most famously, a Canadian journalist who had moved her family to Manhattan in the early 1950s led a campaign to stop the destruction of her local park. Describing her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway, Jane Jacobs called on her mayor (市长) to champion “New York as a decent place to live, and not just rush through.” (最著名的是，一位加拿大记者在20世纪50年代初举家迁往曼哈顿，她领导了一场阻止当地公园被毁的运动。在描述她对用高速公路取代公园的提议感到震惊时，Jane Jacobs呼吁她的市长捍卫“纽约作为适宜居住的地方，而不仅是匆匆穿过的通道”)”可推知，加拿大记者和其他运动参与者旨在保持城市宜居性。故选A。 30．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Although these campaigns were widespread, the reality is that the majority of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car. The number of cars on roads has been increasing rapidly. (尽管这些运动很普遍，但现实是大多数西方城市完全围绕汽车需求重新设计。道路上的汽车数量一直在迅速增加)”可推知，20世纪60年代末和70年代澳大利亚的竞选活动未能阻止汽车发展，基本上没有效果。故选B。 31. 主旨大意题。通读全文，并根据文章最后一段“We invest a lot in roads that help us rush through, but we fail to account for the true costs. Do we really recognise what it costs us as a society when children can’t move safely around our communities? (我们在帮助我们快速通过的道路上投入了大量资金，但我们没有考虑到真正的成本。我们真的认识到当孩子们不能在我们的社区安全地移动时，我们作为一个社会将会付出什么代价吗)”可推知，本文批判城市过度追求交通效率、忽视行人需求的现象，A项“Why the Rush? (为何匆匆？)”质问“rush through (匆匆通行)”的规划理念，契合主旨，最适合作为本文标题。故选A。 02-2025浙江1月卷 As new technologies take on increasingly humanlike qualities, there’s been a push to make them genderless. “People are stereotyping (形成刻板印象) their gendered objects in very traditional ways,” says Ashley Martin, a Stanford associate professor of organizational behavior. Removing gender from the picture altogether seems like a simple way to fix this. Yet as Martin has found in her work, gender is one of the fundamental ways people form connections with objects, particularly those designed with human characteristics. In her study, Martin asked participants to rate their attachment to male, female, and genderless versions of a digital voice assistant and a self-driving car known as “Miuu.” It was found that gender increased users’ feelings of attachment to these devices and their interest in purchasing them. For example, participants said they would be less likely to buy a genderless voice assistant than versions with male or female voices. While gendering a product may be good marketing, it may also strengthen outdated or harmful ideas about power and identity. The stereotypes commonly associated with men, such as competitiveness and dominance, are more valued than those associated with women. These qualities, in turn, are mapped onto products that have been assigned a gender. Martin’s study also found that creating a genderless object was difficult. For instance, if an object’s name was meant to sound genderless, like Miuu, participants would still assign a gender to it – they would assume Miuu was a “he” or “she.” Martin sees a silver lining, however: She believes that anthropomorphism (拟人化) “provides an opportunity to change stereotypes.” When women are put into positions of leadership like running companies, it reduces negative stereotypes about women. Similarly, anthropomorphized products could be created to take on stereotype-inconsistent roles – a male robot that assists with nursing or a female robot that helps do calculations, for instance. 32. What is the purpose of making new technologies genderless? A. To reduce stereotypes. B. To meet public demand. C. To cut production costs. D. To encourage competition. 33. What were the participants probably asked to do in the study? A. Design a product. B. Respond to a survey. C. Work as assistants. D. Take a language test. 34. Why is it difficult to create genderless objects? A. They cannot be mass-produced. B. Naming them is a challenging task. C. People assume they are unreliable. D. Gender is rooted in people’s mind. 35. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about? A. The quality of genderless products. B. The upside of gendering a product. C. The meaning of anthropomorphism. D. The stereotypes of men and women. 【导读】这是一篇议论文。这篇文章探讨了技术产品中的性别化现象，指出去性别化的必要性以及性别在产品设计中的深层含义。 【解析】 32. A。事实细节题。根据第一段中的People are stereotyping their gendered objects in very traditional ways ... 和Removing gender from the picture altogether seems like a simple way to fix this. 可知，人们以传统方式对有性别特征的物品形成刻板印象，而解决这一问题的简单方法就是将性别元素从新技术中去除，所以让新技术无性别化的目的是减少刻板印象，故A 项正确。 33. B。推理判断题。根据第二段中的Martin asked participants to rate their attachment to male, female, and genderless versions of a digital voice assistant and a self-driving car known as “Miuu.”可知，Martin 要求参与者对数字语音助手和名为“Miuu”的自动驾驶汽车的男性、女性及不区分性别的版本的依恋程度进行评级，由此可推测，这项研究采用了调查法，参与者需要对相关的调查内容作出回应，故B 项符合文意。 34. D。推理判断题。从第四段中的Martin’s study also found that creating a genderless object was difficult. For instance, if an object’s name was meant to sound genderless, like Miuu, participants would still assign a gender to it —they would assume Miuu was a “he” or “she.”可知，即便物品名字听起来没有性别区分，人们还是会给它赋予性别，这表明性别观念在人们的思维中根深蒂固，所以很难创造出无性别物品，故D 项正确。 35. B。主旨大意题。根据最后一段首句Martin sees a silver lining, however: She believes that anthropomorphism “provides an opportunity to change stereotypes.”可知，Martin 看到给产品赋予性别有积极的一面，随后举例说明，故B 项正确。 03-2024新课标I卷 Is comprehension the same whether a person reads a text onscreen or on paper? And are listening to and viewing content as effective as reading the written word when covering the same material? The answers to both questions are often “no.” The reasons relate to a variety of factors, including reduced concentration, an entertainment mindset (心态) and a tendency to multitask while consuming digital content. When reading texts of several hundred words or more, learning is generally more successful when it’s on paper than onscreen. A large amount of research confirms this finding. The benefits of print reading particularly shine through when experimenters move from posing simple tasks – like identifying the main idea in a reading passage – to ones that require mental abstraction – such as drawing inferences from a text. The differences between print and digital reading results are partly related to paper’s physical properties. With paper, there is a literal laying on of hands, along with the visual geography of distinct pages. People often link their memory of what they’ve read to how far into the book it was or where it was on the page. But equally important is the mental aspect. Reading researchers have proposed a theory called “shallowing hypothesis (假说).” According to this theory, people approach digital texts with a mindset suited to social media, which are often not so serious, and devote less mental effort than when they are reading print. Audio (音频) and video can feel more engaging than text, and so university teachers increasingly turn to these technologies – say, assigning an online talk instead of an article by the same person. However, psychologists have demonstrated that when adults read news stories, they remember more of the content than if they listen to or view identical pieces. Digital texts, audio and video all have educational roles, especially when providing resources not available in print. However, for maximizing learning where mental focus and reflection are called for, educators shouldn’t assume all media are the same, even when they contain identical words. 28. What does the underlined phrase “shine through” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Seem unlikely to last. B. Seem hard to explain. C. Become ready to use. D. Become easy to notice. 29. What does the shallowing hypothesis assume? A. Readers treat digital texts lightly. B. Digital texts are simpler to understand. C. People select digital texts randomly. D. Digital texts are suitable for social media. 30. Why are audio and video increasingly used by university teachers? A. They can hold students’ attention. B. They are more convenient to prepare. C. They help develop advanced skills. D. They are more informative than text. 31. What does the author imply in the last paragraph? A. Students should apply multiple learning techniques. B. Teachers should produce their own teaching material. C. Print texts cannot be entirely replaced in education. D. Education outside the classroom cannot be ignored. 【答案】28. D 29. A 30. A 31. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是议论文。主要讨论了纸质阅读与数字阅读、音频和视频学习方式的差异和效果。 28.词句猜测题。根据前文“When reading texts of several hundred words or more, learning is generally more successful when it’s on paper than onscreen. A large amount of research confirms this finding.(当阅读几百字或更多的文本时，在纸上学习通常比在屏幕上学习更成功。大量的研究证实了这一发现)”可知，在纸上学习更有成效，以及后文“when experimenters move from posing simple tasks — like identifying the main idea in a reading passage — to ones that require mental abstraction — such as drawing inferences from a text.(当实验人员从提出简单的任务(如识别阅读文章的主旨)转移到需要思维抽象的任务(如从文本中推断)时)”推知，此处应是表达“当实验者从简单的任务转向需要精神抽象的任务时，纸质阅读的益处就变得显而易见”之意，所以shine through应是“显而易见”之意，和D项意思相近。故选D项。 29.推理判断题。根据第四段“But equally important is the mental aspect. Reading researchers have proposed a theory called “shallowing hypothesis (假说)”. According to this theory, people approach digital texts with a mindset suited to social media, which are often not so serious, and devote less mental effort than when they are reading print.(但同样重要的是精神层面。阅读研究人员提出了一个名为“shallowing hypothesis”的理论。根据这一理论，人们以适合社交媒体的心态接触数字文本，这些文本通常不那么严肃，与阅读印刷品时相比，投入的精神努力也更少)”可知，shallowing hypothesis假设读者在阅读数字文本时会持有一种轻松的心态，不会像阅读纸质书籍那样投入太多的心理努力。故选A项。 30.细节理解题。根据第五段“Audio (音频) and video can feel more engaging than text, and so university teachers increasingly turn to these technologies — say, assigning an online talk instead of an article by the same person.(音频和视频可能比文本更具吸引力，因此大学教师越来越多地转向这些技术，例如分配在线讲座而不是同一作者的文章)”可知，音频和视频比文本更能吸引学生的注意力，所以大学教师越来越多地使用这些技术。故选A项。 31.推理判断题。根据最后一段“Digital texts, audio and video all have educational roles, especially when providing resources not available in print. However, for maximizing learning where mental focus and reflection are called for, educators shouldn’t assume all media are the same, even when they contain identical words.(数字文本、音频和视频都具有教育作用，尤其是在提供印刷品中无法获得的资源时。然而，为了在需要精神集中和反思的情况下最大限度地学习，教育工作者不应假定所有媒体都是相同的，即使它们包含相同的单词)”可知，尽管数字文本、音频和视频在教育中有一定作用，但当需要精神集中和反思以最大化学习时，教育者不应假定所有媒体都是相同的，即使它们包含相同的单词。这表明作者认为纸质文本在教育中的作用仍然不可替代，因此暗示纸质文本在教育中的重要性。故选C项。 模拟专区： 做好题才有好成绩！练技能，补漏洞，提分数，强信心！ 【议论文01】（24-25高二下·浙江金华·期末）A single-minded, tireless drive — that’s what it takes to be successful. Be “all in”. Burn the boats behind us. That message is rooted in our society, from self-help books to social media influencers all telling us that we need to commit more. The world continually sends the signal to narrowly define your goals. In my senior year, I became the fastest high-school miler in the country when I ran a 4:01 mile. When my progress as a runner reached a bottleneck, my sports psychologist told me a story about a world-class runner who had become stuck while struggling to make the transition from success in college to Olympic-level performance. “What helped her break through?” I asked. “Knitting (编织).” he replied. She had taken up knitting to relax and to take her mind off running. I was too young and stubborn to follow the advice. I doubled down — but never ran faster than my high-school record or broke a 4-minute mile. In the years since, working as a coach with top-class performers, I kept noticing that their single-minded focus was getting in their way. Their focus on achieving specific goals had become a constant, disabling signal that they were not measuring up. This single-minded approach was backfiring. Research backs this up. Researchers at Michigan State University looked at over 100 years of Nobel Prize-winning scientists and found they were more likely than their less-accomplished peers to have creative interests outside of their research. The prize-winners were 22 times more likely to perform, sing or act as a hobby;12 times more likely to pursue creative writing; and about 7 times more likely to participate in a craft like sculpting. To be sure: The more we care, and the more our job or pursuit feels like a part of who we are, the harder we’ll work. That’s helpful to a certain point. But such narrowing comes with a downside. As we get rid of other parts of ourselves, and that one activity becomes an ever bigger presence, fear starts to take over. We don’t just want to succeed. We have to. When outcomes are all that matter, our immediate response isn’t to become a fighter. It’s to retreat (退缩). So, the secret is to go in a different direction. When the world screams to go narrow, top-class performers learn to go broad. 1．How did the author respond after hearing the story of the world-class runner? A．He pushed himself harder. B．He adjusted his training methods. C．He took some time off from running. D．He adopted knitting as a stress-reliever. 2．What do we know about Nobel Prize-winning scientists in the research? A．They spent more time on research than others. B．They avoided entertainments to maintain focus. C．Their diverse hobbies contributed to their achievements. D．Their research covers a wider range of fields than their peers. 3．What is the author’s attitude towards the single-minded approach? A．Favorable. B．Disapproving. C．Tolerant. D．Unclear. 4．Which of the following might be a suitable title for the text? A．Why “All in” Is No Recipe for Success B．Breaking Through Fear in Competitive Fields C．Why Hobbies Outweigh Professional Training D．Narrowing Down Your Focus to Achieve More 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要通过作者个人经历与科学研究，探讨了单一专注的成功路径局限性，主张拓宽视野、发展多元兴趣以促进真正突破与成长。 1．细节理解题。根据第三段中“I was too young and stubborn to follow the advice. I doubled down — but never ran faster than my high-school record or broke a 4-minute mile. (那时我太年轻、太固执，没有听从这个建议。我加倍努力，但再也没能跑出超过高中时的成绩，也没能突破 4 分钟一英里的记录)”可知，作者在听到那位世界级跑者的故事后，选择了更加努力地训练。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第五段“Research backs this up. Researchers at Michigan State University looked at over 100 years of Nobel Prize-winning scientists and found they were more likely than their less-accomplished peers to have creative interests outside of their research. The prize-winners were 22 times more likely to perform, sing or act as a hobby;12 times more likely to pursue creative writing; and about 7 times more likely to participate in a craft like sculpting. (密歇根州立大学的研究人员研究了100多年来诺贝尔奖得主科学家，发现他们比成就不那么高的同行更有可能在研究之外拥有创造性的兴趣。获奖者将表演、唱歌或表演作为爱好的可能性是其他人的22倍；从事创意写作的可能性是其他人的12倍；参与雕塑等手工艺的可能性是其他人的7倍左右。)”可知，诺贝尔奖得主科学家往往拥有多样的兴趣爱好，这些爱好有助于他们的成就。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段“In the years since, working as a coach with top-class performers, I kept noticing that their single-minded focus was getting in their way. Their focus on achieving specific goals had become a constant, disabling signal that they were not measuring up. This single-minded approach was backfiring. (在随后的几年里，作为一名与顶级运动员合作的教练，我不断注意到，他们一心一意的专注阻碍了他们的发展。他们对实现特定目标的关注已经成为一个持续的、使他们无法达到标准的信号。这种一心一意的方法适得其反。)”以及倒数第二段中“But such narrowing comes with a downside. (但这种狭窄的专注是有弊端的。)”可推知，作者对“一心一意”的方法持不赞成的态度。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“A single-minded, tireless drive — that’s what it takes to be successful. Be “all in”. Burn the boats behind us. (一心一意、不知疲倦的干劲——这是成功所需的品质。要“全身心投入”。破釜沉舟（不留后路）。)”及最后一段“When outcomes are all that matter, our immediate response isn’t to become a fighter. It’s to retreat (退缩). So, the secret is to go in a different direction. When the world screams to go narrow, top-class performers learn to go broad. (当结果就是一切时，我们的第一反应不是成为斗士。而是退缩。所以，秘诀是朝不同的方向前进。当世界尖叫着要缩小范围时，顶级表演者学会了扩大范围。)”及全文内容可知，文章开头提出社会普遍推崇“一心一意”的成功理念，但作者通过自身经历、顶尖运动员的例子以及科学研究表明，过度专注反而可能阻碍成功，而多样化的兴趣和更广泛的关注点更有利于突破瓶颈。因此，A选项“Why “All in” Is No Recipe for Success (为什么“全身心投入”不是成功的秘诀)”最适合作为标题。故选A。 【议论文02】（24-25高二下·浙江湖州·期末）In an era where “digital detox” has become a buzzword, people who call themselves digital minimalists proudly delete social apps, turn their phone screens to black-and-white, or switch to simple phones. Yet their fight against technology overload often creates a confusing cycle. To reduce screen time, they use apps like Forest to track their habits; to replace iPads, they buy $200 special black-and-white devices; and to learn about minimalism, they spend hours watching YouTube videos. Surprisingly, App Annie’s 2023 report showed downloads of “digital wellness” apps jumped by 140%, proving that this movement against technology still deeply depends on it. This contradiction echoes historical patterns. In the 19th century, the British Arts and Crafts Movement fought against factory-made goods by praising handmade items. However, these handmade products became expensive luxuries only the rich could afford. Similarly, today’s digital minimalism, while trying to resist distractions from apps and ads, has created a huge $8. 7 billion industry selling “anti-tech” products. Examples include writing apps without ads, “smart” paper notebooks that need internet updates, and simple-looking gadgets. These products turn the idea of rebellion into something people can buy, like turning a protest sign into a fashion accessory. The real problem is showing off simplicity. A 2024 Stanford study found that 62% of people who call themselves digital minimalists spend the same amount of time on their phones — they just switch from social media to “approved” apps like e-book readers or meditation tools. This is similar to Instagram photos of perfectly clean desks: the empty space looks simple, but behind it are complex phone settings and app algorithms. Maybe we need a new way of thinking. Scholar Andrew Hui suggests treating technology like water — using it wisely without wasting or nervously measuring every drop. Writer Jenny Odell, in her book How to Do Nothing, argues that real freedom isn’t about running away from the digital world but finding balance within it. This could mean allowing small, joyful moments in our digital lives: a funny cat video popping up during work, or understanding that a family member’s repeated health posts in a chat group are really about showing love. When we stop judging every tech choice as “good” or “bad” and focus on meaningful connections, we might finally feel free in the digital age. 1．What is the main outcome of digital minimalists’ efforts? A．They successfully reduce screen time through strict rules. B．They depend more on technology to achieve their goals. C．They inspire others to join the digital detox movement. D．They completely abandon modern devices like iPads. 2．Why is the 19th-century Arts and Crafts Movement mentioned? A．To show anti-tech trends are not new in history. B．To criticize the high cost of handmade products. C．To prove that older generations valued simplicity more. D．To compare traditional crafts with modern digital tools. 3．What does the Stanford study reveal about digital minimalists? A．They prefer meditation apps to entertainment. B．Their phone settings are simpler than non-minimalists’s. C．They spend less time on social media than average users. D．Their total screen time remains unchanged despite efforts. 4．What solution does the author support for balancing digital life? A．Strictly avoiding all non-work-related technology. B．Labeling technology as either “good” or “bad. ” C．Embracing small digital joys without guilt. D．Returning to pre-industrial lifestyles. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章指出数字极简主义者对抗科技过载的努力陷入矛盾，依赖科技且产生相关产业，还揭示其实际屏幕时间未减，最后提出应在数字生活中寻找平衡。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“To reduce screen time, they use apps like Forest to track their habits; to replace iPads, they buy $200 special black and white devices; and to learn about minimalism, they spend hours watching YouTube videos. Surprisingly, App Annie’s 2023 report showed downloads of “digital wellness” apps jumped by 140%, proving that this movement against technology still deeply depends on it. (为了减少屏幕使用时间，他们使用像Forest这样的应用程序来跟踪自己的习惯；为了取代iPad，他们购买价值200美元的特殊黑白设备；为了了解极简主义，他们花几个小时观看YouTube视频。令人惊讶的是，App Annie 2023年的报告显示，“数字健康”应用程序的下载量增长了140%，这证明这场反对科技的运动仍然严重依赖科技。)”可知，数字极简主义者为了达到目标更多地依赖了科技。故选B项。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段中“This contradiction echoes historical patterns. In the 19th century, the British Arts and Crafts Movement fought against factory made goods by praising handmade items. However, these handmade products became expensive luxuries only the rich could afford. (这种矛盾呼应了历史模式。19世纪，英国工艺美术运动通过推崇手工制品来抵制工厂制造的商品。然而，这些手工制品变成了只有富人才能买得起的昂贵奢侈品。)”可知，提到19世纪的工艺美术运动是为了说明反科技潮流在历史上并不新鲜。故选A项。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段中“A 2024 Stanford study found that 62% of people who call themselves digital minimalists spend the same amount of time on their phones — they just switch from social media to “approved” apps like e book readers or meditation tools. (2024年斯坦福大学的一项研究发现，62%自称数字极简主义者的人在手机上花费的时间相同——他们只是从社交媒体转向了像电子书阅读器或冥想工具这样的“合规”应用程序。)”可知，斯坦福大学的研究揭示出数字极简主义者尽管做出努力，但其总的屏幕使用时间并未改变。故选D项。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“This could mean allowing small, joyful moments in our digital lives: a funny cat video popping up during work, or understanding that a family member’s repeated health posts in a chat group are really about showing love. When we stop judging every tech choice as “good” or “bad” and focus on meaningful connections, we might finally feel free in the digital age. (这可能意味着在我们的数字生活中允许有一些小小的快乐时刻：工作时弹出的有趣猫咪视频，或者理解家庭成员在聊天群里反复发布健康信息其实是在表达爱。当我们不再将每一个科技选择评判为“好”或“坏”，而是专注于有意义的联系时，我们可能最终会在数字时代感到自由。)”可知，作者支持在数字生活中毫无愧疚地享受数字带来的小快乐，以此来平衡数字生活。故选C项。 【议论文03】（24-25高二下·浙江嘉兴·期末）While we race into a future where we outsource most of our problem-solving to artificial intelligence, the greatest threat is not super intelligent machinery. It’s mindlessly putting too much trust in Big Tech and not enough trust in the power of our own minds. A philosophy of artful thinking is a good way to avoid this. To think artfully means to solve problems using not just our brains, but also our hands, eyes, and ears, along with our emotions. This approach taps into the cognitive (认知的) resources that are spread throughout our bodies but often go unused. Changing how we think is hard work. And it starts with a mindfulness practice. Accessing artful intelligence requires being mindful of how we think with our body, how we use our limbs (四肢), organs, and emotions to make sense of the world. Be mindful of all the different messages your body is sending you as well as the different roles and functions your bodily actions can play. For example, gesturing (做手势) in conversations is not just communicative. These movements often help the speaker to smooth out their thought process and assist in getting the words out. Today, Big Tech is pushing a message of artificial-intelligence craziness and fear. What makes you stuck in it? It’s seeing the same things wherever you look. Big Tech gives you screens, hoping that your attention will always be attracted by their devices. If you want to find more freedom in this AI-filled world, improve your ability to mindfully shift your attention between different objects or levels of focus. Remember everything is born of a choice. Artful thinking demands effortful mindfulness to ensure that what we do, what we hope to achieve by using these technological tools, will not weaken our humanity. As Thich Nhat Hanh said, “Mindful living is an art, and each of us has to train to be an artist.” 1．What can we learn about artful thinking? A．It simplifies problem-solving. B．It focuses on developing our brains. C．It prevents us from over-relying on AI. D．It helps promote high-tech machinery. 2．What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A．Benefits of artful intelligence. B．Mind-body awareness in thinking. C．Significance of being mindful. D．Social interaction through movements. 3．What does the author suggest we do in the AI-filled world? A．Enhance the flexibility of attention. B．Adapt to the rise of AI. C．Avoid the interruptions from Big Tech. D．Improve the levels of focus. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Artful Thinking Advances Big Tech B．Too Much Trust in AI Harms Our Minds C．Physical Actions Better Cognitive Functions D．Mindfulness Keeps Us Human in the Age of AI 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了在AI时代正念思维对保持人性的重要性。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“A philosophy of artful thinking is a good way to avoid this. To think artfully means to solve problems using not just our brains, but also our hands, eyes, and ears, along with our emotions. This approach taps into the cognitive (认知的) resources that are spread throughout our bodies but often go unused.(巧妙思考的哲学是避免这种情况的好方法。巧妙思考意味着不仅要用大脑，还要用手、眼睛、耳朵以及情感来解决问题。这种方法利用了我们身体中分布但常常未被利用的认知资源)”可知，巧妙思考能防止我们过度依赖人工智能。故选C。 2．主旨大意题。根据第三段中“Changing how we think is hard work. And it starts with a mindfulness practice. Accessing artful intelligence requires being mindful of how we think with our body, how we use our limbs (四肢), organs, and emotions to make sense of the world.(改变我们的思维方式是一项艰苦的工作。它始于正念练习。获取巧妙智慧需要留意我们如何用身体思考，如何用四肢、器官和情感来理解世界)”可知，第三段主要讲了思考中的身心意识。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段中“If you want to find more freedom in this AI-filled world, improve your ability to mindfully shift your attention between different objects or levels of focus.(如果你想在这个充满人工智能的世界中找到更多的自由，提高你自觉地在不同物体或注意力层次之间转移注意力的能力)”可推知，作者建议我们在充满人工智能的世界里增强注意力的灵活性。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Artful thinking demands effortful mindfulness to ensure that what we do, what we hope to achieve by using these technological tools, will not weaken our humanity. As Thich Nhat Hanh said, “Mindful living is an art, and each of us has to train to be an artist.”(巧妙思考需要努力保持正念，以确保我们所做的，以及我们希望通过使用这些技术工具实现的目标，不会削弱我们的人性。正如一行禅师所说：“正念生活是一门艺术，我们每个人都必须训练成为艺术家。”)”结合全文内容可知，文章主要论述了在人工智能时代，保持正念的重要性，它能让我们保持人性，不被技术所吞噬。D选项“正念让我们在人工智能时代保持人性”最适合作为文章标题。故选D。 【议论文04】（24-25高二下·浙江杭州·期末）In the fiction and creative nonfiction classes that I teach at my university, I routinely stress the importance of every story having a plot and a purpose. The students who take this advice to heart typically produce some fine pieces and exit the class with a good grade. And, according to a study recently published in The Journal of Positive Psychology (心理学), they might just also go on to live more meaningful and productive lives than their less successful storytelling peers. Researchers at Reichman University in Israel conducted a series of studies exploring how skill at storytelling, or the lack of such skill, impacts the sense-making function of narrative thinking. They assessed participants’ storytelling abilities and then cross-referenced the results with a self-report scale (量表). In the first study, participants completed self-report scales assessing their sense of “meaning in life” and “approval of high-level goals”. The self-reports were used in the other two studies as well. In the second study, each participant was asked to propose “a friend who knew them very well”, and this person provided a global rating of the participant’s storytelling ability. In the third study, participants were divided into groups of three. They were then instructed to create two separate stories — one a two-minute story about an event that exhibited a personality trait that characterized them, and the other an original two-minute story using three random words — and tell these stories to the other two people in their group. The pairs of listeners then gave their ratings. Across all three studies, participants who were rated as proficient storytellers exhibited a stronger sense of meaning in life and approval of high-level goals. The results of the study also suggest a beneficial and possibly even healing role for storytelling workshops. While the concepts of “meaning in life” and “high-goal approval” are difficult to teach due to their abstract nature, storytelling can be taught. A little training in various strategies can turn a student with a notebook full of colorful but undeveloped ideas into a proficient (even if not necessarily published) storyteller. Having a plot and a purpose in your stories can translate into deeper meaning and higher goal-setting in your life. 1．According to the findings, better storytelling students will ______. A．have a more productive career B．have a stronger sense of life purpose C．achieve high grades in all subjects D．develop better critical thinking skills 2．What is special about the third study? A．Participants finish a self-report assessment scale. B．Participants take standardized writing-grading tests. C．Participants invite someone to give an overall assessment. D．Participants create and share stories with group members. 3．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．Workshops promote mental well-being. B．Teaching abstract concepts is worthwhile. C．Storytelling contributes to personal growth. D．Everybody can become a published storyteller. 4．Where is the text most probably taken from? A．A course plan. B．A literature writing handbook. C．A psychology textbook. D．A magazine’s education section. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文是篇议论文。文章表明善于讲故事的人在故事中拥有情节和目的，能够转化为生活中更深刻的含义和更高的目标设定，从而过上比那些讲故事不太成功的同龄人更有意义、更充实的生活。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“they might just also go on to live more meaningful and productive lives than their less successful storytelling peers.(他们或许还能过上比那些讲故事不太成功的同龄人更有意义、更充实的生活。)”和第四段“Across all three studies, participants who were rated as proficient storytellers exhibited a stronger sense of meaning in life and approval of high-level goals.(在所有三项研究中，那些被评定为善于讲故事的人，都表现出更强烈的生活意义感以及对高层次目标的认同感。)”可知，善于讲故事的人对生活意义和人生目标有更深刻的理解，拥有更强烈的人生目标意识。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“In the third study, participants were divided into groups of three. They were then instructed to create two separate stories — one a two-minute story about an event that exhibited a personality trait that characterized them, and the other an original two-minute story using three random words — and tell these stories to the other two people in their group. The pairs of listeners then gave their ratings.(在第三项研究中，参与者被分成三人一组。随后，他们被要求各自创作两个独立的故事——一个是关于一个能展现他们自身性格特征的事件的两分钟故事，另一个是使用三个随机单词创作的原创两分钟故事——然后将这两个故事讲给小组中的另外两人听。随后，这些听众对这两个故事进行了评分。)”可知，在第三项研究中，参与者被分成小组，独立创作故事后再同小组成员分享、互评。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“A little training in various strategies can turn a student with a notebook full of colorful but undeveloped ideas into a proficient (even if not necessarily published) storyteller. Having a plot and a purpose in your stories can translate into deeper meaning and higher goal-setting in your life.(用各种策略进行一些简单的训练，就能将一个满脑子充满丰富却尚未成熟想法的学生，培养成一位熟练的（即便不一定已经发表作品的）讲故事高手。在你的故事中设定一个情节和一个主题，能够让你的人生拥有更深刻的意义和更高的目标设定。)”可知，讲故事技能可以训练，并能转化为更深的生活意义和更高的目标设定，有助于个人成长。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据第一段“In the fiction and creative nonfiction classes that I teach at my university, I routinely stress the importance of every story having a plot and a purpose.(在我所在的大学所教授的虚构类和创意非虚构类课程中，我总是强调每个故事都必须有情节和明确的目的这一重要性。)”、“according to a study recently published in The Journal of Positive Psychology (心理学),(根据最近发表在《积极心理学杂志》上的一项研究，)”和最后一段“While the concepts of “meaning in life” and “high-goal approval” are difficult to teach due to their abstract nature, storytelling can be taught.(虽然“人生意义”和“高目标认可度”这类概念因其抽象性而难以传授，但讲故事却可以被教授)”可知，文章以教学经历引入，引用《积极心理学杂志》研究，后详述三项实验并引申教育意义，语言兼具学术性与普及性，故文章应该出自一本杂志的教育版块。故选D。 【议论文05】（24-25高二上·浙江杭州·期末）The negative nature of peer pressure (同伴压力) is often presented without question. The undesirable effect of peer pressure cannot be denied, but is it also possible that peer pressure might not entirely deserve its bad reputation? Could peer pressure also have positive effects on the personal development and behavior of young people? A look at the scientific literature reveals exactly that peer pressure is not always a force for the dark side. Many studies suggest that peer pressure and the desire to conform (顺从) are simply a part of being human. Humans, after all, are highly social beings. If humans are hard-wired to respond to peer pressure, then it makes sense to examine how it can be used to change behavior in a positive way. Imagine a situation: student X has always enjoyed playing the guitar but is lazy and unmotivated. Although initially unwilling, she is persuaded to join a school band. The group of students is preparing for a performance and the existing members are enthusiastic, focused and hardworking. Gradually, student X is caught up in the spirit of the band and before long she is willingly making the same commitment of time and effort so they can achieve a common goal. So how does it work? Peer pressure - both positive and negative - follows a recognizable psychological process. If student X does not inform to the established culture of the band, she risks rejection. To dispel tension, student X changes her habits and increases the amount of time and energy she devotes to practice. Some psychologists describe this transposition of personal goals or standards to achieve harmony as part of a “identity shift”. The key to understanding the concept of peer pressure and its power over humans is to closely examine the science of the process, rather than focus on its negative aspects. Providing a one-dimensional view of the concept encourages the bias (偏见) that peer pressure is a strictly undesirable feature of human society. Instead, we should be exploring way to use its power for good. 1．Why does the author raise the two questions about peer pressure in paragraph 1? A．To point out misinterpretations of it. B．To encourage reflection on it. C．To doubt the investigations into it. D．To show general perceptions of it. 2．What should student X do to fit into the band? A．Enhance her leadership. B．Stick to her old routines. C．Learn to play more instruments. D．Invest more energy in playing the guitar. 3．What does the underlined word “dispel” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Hide. B．Sense. C．Remove. D．Display. 4．what is the best title for the text? A．Peer Pressure: Harmful or Helpful? B．Peer Pressure: A Key to Group Success C．Peer Pressure: Beyond the Negative Label D．Peer Pressure: A Psychological Perspective 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要围绕同伴压力的积极影响展开，强调理解同伴压力要关注其科学过程而非仅聚焦消极面，呼吁探索利用其积极力量的方法。 1．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“The negative nature of peer pressure (同伴压力) is often presented without question. The undesirable effect of peer pressure cannot be denied, but is it also possible that peer pressure might not entirely deserve its bad reputation? Could peer pressure also have positive effects on the personal development and behavior of young people? A look at the scientific literature reveals exactly that peer pressure is not always a force for the dark side.(同伴压力的消极本质常常被人们不假思索地认定。同伴压力带来的不良影响是不可否认的，但有没有可能同伴压力并不完全应得它的坏名声呢？同伴压力是否也能对年轻人的个人发展和行为产生积极影响呢？查阅一下科学文献就会发现，同伴压力并不总是一股邪恶的力量。)”可知，作者先指出同伴压力的消极性常被毫无疑问地呈现，其不良影响不可否认，接着提出两个关于同伴压力的问题，即同伴压力是否不应完全背负坏名声，以及它是否对年轻人的个人发展和行为有积极影响。作者提出这两个问题，是为了让读者思考同伴压力是否只有消极影响，是否也存在积极的一面，鼓励读者对同伴压力进行更深入的反思。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Imagine a situation: student X has always enjoyed playing the guitar but is lazy and unmotivated. Although initially unwilling, she is persuaded to join a school band. The group of students is preparing for a performance and the existing members are enthusiastic, focused and hardworking. Gradually, student X is caught up in the spirit of the band and before long she is willingly making the same commitment of time and effort so they can achieve a common goal.(设想这样一种情况：学生X一直喜欢弹吉他，但她很懒惰，缺乏动力。起初她并不愿意，但在别人的劝说下加入了学校乐队。乐队里的学生们正在为一场演出做准备，现有的成员都充满热情、专注且勤奋。渐渐地，学生X被乐队的精神所感染，没过多久，她就心甘情愿地投入同样多的时间和精力，以便大家能够实现一个共同的目标。)”以及第三段“If student X does not inform to the established culture of the band, she risks rejection. To dispel tension, student X changes her habits and increases the amount of time and energy she devotes to practice.(如果学生X不融入乐队已有的文化氛围，她就有可能被排斥。为了消除这种紧张感，学生X改变了自己的习惯，增加了用于练习的时间和精力。)”可知，学生X加入的是乐队，且之前弹吉他比较懒惰缺乏动力，现在为了融入乐队要增加投入练习的时间和精力，也就是在弹吉他上投入更多精力。故选D。 3．词义猜测题。根据划线单词上文以及所在句“If student X does not inform to the established culture of the band, she risks rejection. To dispel tension, student X changes her habits and increases the amount of time and energy she devotes to practice.(如果学生X不融入乐队已有的文化氛围，她就有可能被排斥。为了……这种紧张感，学生X改变了自己的习惯，增加了用于练习的时间和精力。)”可知，学生X为了避免被排斥，通过改变习惯和增加练习投入来消除紧张感。划线单词和“消除”意思一致。选项C“remove”意为“消除”，与此相符。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，文章开篇指出同伴压力的消极性常被认定，但其不良影响虽不可否认，接着通过提问同伴压力是否不应完全背负坏名声、是否有积极影响引出话题。随后以学生X加入乐队为例，阐述了同伴压力的积极作用，还从心理学角度解释了其起作用的过程。最后强调理解同伴压力要关注其科学过程而非仅聚焦消极面，应探索利用其积极力量的方法。整体文章强调同伴压力不只是有消极的一面，不应只给它贴上负面标签。选项C“Peer Pressure: Beyond the Negative Label(同伴压力：超越负面标签)”准确地概括了文章主旨，强调要突破对同伴压力仅有的负面认知，看到其积极的可能性。故选C。 【议论文06】（24-25高二下·北京·期中）Nietzsche (尼采) was wrong: When you gaze long enough into the abyss (深渊), the abyss does not gaze back into you. Instead, the cosmic void (空洞) remains silent, relentless and frightening in its vastness. When looking at the vast universe, there is a temptation (诱惑) to look at our tiny world with nihilism, feeling that our great achievements amount to nothing, that our history fails to leave a mark, and that our concerns and anxieties are pointless. I’m a cosmologist, the kind of scientist who studies the origin, history and evolution of the universe. I have spent my career researching one special part of the universe called cosmic voids: the vast expanses of nothing that stretch between the galaxies. Most of our universe is void — somewhere around 80 percent of the volume of the cosmos is made of nothing at all. I have spent years working to understand what cosmic voids teach us about the wider universe and its dowry. And in the course of my studies, I have learned to reject that temptation. It’s true that Earth is neither large nor long-lived, but that is only one way of measuring significance. Compared with the cosmic voids, there is something special happening on our planet. Earth is still the only known place in the entire universe where conscious beings raise their curious eyes to the sky and wonder. Earth is the only known place where humans can exist. It is the only known place where laughter, love, anger and joy exist. The only known place where we can find dance, music, and art. Our disagreements and all the beautiful complexities that make us human aren’t meaningless. The experiences in our lives are special because they will never happen in the empty expanse of most of the universe. The same lessons that cosmic voids teach us are found in the voids we encounter in our own lives. The presence of voids guarantees the opposite; they create contrast; they are full of potential. The pain we feel from loss is the last reminder of the gift of a life deeply loved. The silence before a performance is full of electric expectation. Our choice to ignore stressful news is necessary to allow us to focus on what truly matters. Artists have long understood the power of the void. The 12th-century poet Saigyo noted that the pauses between raindrops were as important as the drops themselves. The famed architect Rem celebrated the utility of negative spaces, proclaiming, “Where there is nothing, everything is possible.” The universe won’t do anything for us except give us the freedom to exist. It is our job to fill the universe with meaning and purpose. 1．What does the underlined word  “nihilism” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Hope. B．Admiration. C．Emptiness. D．Purpose. 2．Why does the author reject the temptation? A．Because he is a cosmologist who believes science. B．Because he thinks Earth is special as it is small and short-lived. C．Because he thinks human experiences differ from those in voids. D．Because he thinks Earth is the only place for human experiences. 3．What's the author’s purpose in writing Paragraph 5? A．To reflect on how voids enrich our lives. B．To show how pain can be created from loss. C．To claim that voids serve as obstacles to human growth. D．To argue emotional voids should be filled for more significance. 4．Which would be the best title for the passage? A．Listening to the Abyss: Nietzsche Revisited B．Questioning the Belief in Human Significance C．Beyond the Stars: The Science of Cosmic Voids D．Finding Meaning in Vast Silence of the Universe 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．D 【导语】这是一篇议论文。作者从研究宇宙空洞出发，指出地球独特，人类经历有意义，应在宇宙寂静中赋予其意义与目的。 1．词句猜测题。根据第二段“When looking at the vast universe, there is a temptation (诱惑) to look at our tiny world with nihilism, feeling that our great achievements amount to nothing, that our history fails to leave a mark, and that our concerns and anxieties are pointless.(当我们凝视浩瀚的宇宙时，有一种以nihilism看待我们这个微小世界的诱惑，觉得我们的伟大成就毫无意义，我们的历史未能留下痕迹，我们的担忧和焦虑都是毫无意义的。)”可知，划线词nihilism表达的是一种认为一切都无意义、空虚的态度，与下文“feeling that our great achievements amount to nothing”对应。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段“Earth is still the only known place in the entire universe where conscious beings raise their curious eyes to the sky and wonder. Earth is the only known place where humans can exist. It is the only known place where laughter, love, anger and joy exist. The only known place where we can find dance, music, and art. Our disagreements and all the beautiful complexities that make us human aren't meaningless. The experiences in our lives are special because they will never happen in the empty expanse of most of the universe.(地球仍然是整个宇宙中已知的唯一一个有意识的生物会带着好奇的目光仰望天空并感到好奇的地方。地球是已知的唯一一个人类可以生存的地方。它是已知的唯一一个有欢笑、爱、愤怒和喜悦存在的地方。是已知的唯一一个我们能找到舞蹈、音乐和艺术的地方。我们的分歧以及所有使我们成为人类的美好复杂性并非毫无意义。我们生活中的经历是特别的，因为它们永远不会发生在宇宙中大部分的空旷区域。)”可知，作者拒绝那种诱惑是因为他认为地球是唯一能产生人类经历的地方，这些经历是特别且有意义的。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据第五段“The same lessons that cosmic voids teach us are found in the voids we encounter in our own lives. The presence of voids guarantees the opposite; they create contrast; they are full of potential. The pain we feel from loss is the last reminder of the gift of a life deeply loved. The silence before a performance is full of electric expectation. Our choice to ignore stressful news is necessary to allow us to focus on what truly matters.(宇宙空洞教给我们的同样的道理也存在于我们在自己生活中遇到的空洞里。空洞的存在保证了相反的情况；它们创造了对比；它们充满了潜力。我们因失去而感受到的痛苦是对深深热爱的生命这份礼物的最后提醒。表演前的沉默充满了强烈的期待。我们选择忽略有压力的新闻对于让我们专注于真正重要的事情是必要的。)”可知，作者写第五段的目的是反思空洞是如何丰富我们的生活的，它们创造了对比，带来了潜力。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章开头提到尼采的观点，引出宇宙空洞的话题，接着作者作为宇宙学家阐述了自己对宇宙空洞的研究以及对人类存在意义的思考，认为地球是特别的，人类的经历在宇宙的空洞中是独特且有意义的，还提到生活中的空洞也有其价值，最后强调宇宙给了我们存在的自由，我们要为宇宙赋予意义和目的。所以D选项Finding Meaning in Vast Silence of the Universe(在宇宙的浩瀚寂静中寻找意义)符合文章主旨。故选D。 【议论文07】（24-25高二下·湖南·期中）There’s a popular saying that if only one voice is allowed to exist; then that one voice must be a lie. This quote couldn’t be more relevant now, as many businesses and platforms are using shady practices to silence negative feedback and ensure only those voices benefiting them remain. This practice is so-called “artificial review boosting”, and has been influencing objectivity in reviews ever since. Its origin dates back to the 20th century when businesses would hand out free samples to obtain a better reputation. However, the practice rises to a new extreme with the emergence of e-commerce platforms. Many online businesses do whatever it takes to ensure high-rating scores, either through giving bonuses and rewards to customers who leave a good review or through bothering and threatening those who leave a negative one. This behavior is not only morally corrupt but also illegal, and it is absurd that many consumers feel they can’t leave negative feedback out of fear that businesses will cause trouble. It’s apparent that this problem is getting out of hand, but how can we fix it? Regulator intervention would certainly help. There should be a tougher crackdown on illegal practices, and e-commerce platforms should be required to protect the privacy of their users. Nevertheless, this is just a small part of the changes needed, as the rating system as a whole needs restructuring. That’s because this system rewards dishonest sellers rather than those selling quality products, and e-commerce platforms, with their profits unaffected, turn a blind eye to its faults. Against all odds, honest feedback has persisted and people who voice their true opinions still exist, but they are becoming rarer. There’s an old saying that if you put a frog in boiling water, it will leap out, but if you cook the frog slowly in warm water, it won’t notice being cooked alive. We consumers are just like frogs — it’s easy for us to fight together against terrible acts robbing our freedom, but we often ignore when the same freedom is gradually taken from us. There will be no grand coup de grace (致命一击) that ends honest feedback. Companies will just let it fade away slowly but we mustn’t allow that to happen because consumers play a more important role in keeping honest feedback. 1．What is the main issue discussed in the text? A．The illegal practices of consumers. B．The history of e-commerce platforms. C．The benefits of free samples for businesses. D．The decline of honest feedback due to artificial review boosting. 2．How do businesses ensure high-rating scores according to the text? A．By improving product quality. B．By cooperating with regulators. C．By restructuring the rating system. D．By rewarding positive reviews and threatening negative reviewers. 3．What does the frog analogy imply about consumers? A．They are as adaptable as frogs in hot water. B．They are easily frightened by sudden threats. C．They fail to notice the gradual loss of their freedom. D．They should fight against terrible acts immediately. 4．What does the author suggest about the current rating system? A．It effectively promotes honest sellers. B．It prioritizes dishonest sellers over honest ones. C．It has been improved by e-commerce platforms. D．It is unaffected by consumer feedback and product quality. 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了电商平台通过“人工评价助推”手段操控评论，导致真实反馈逐渐消失的问题，并呼吁消费者和监管机构采取行动。 1．主旨大意题。根据第一段中“There’s a popular saying that if only one voice is allowed to exist; then that one voice must be a lie. This quote couldn’t be more relevant now, as many businesses and platforms are using shady practices to silence negative feedback and ensure only those voices benefiting them remain.(有句流行的话说，如果只允许一种声音存在，那么这种声音一定是谎言。这句话现在再合适不过了，因为许多企业和平台都在使用不正当手段来压制负面反馈，只保留那些对他们有利的声音)”和第二段中“This behavior is not only morally corrupt but also illegal, and it is absurd that many consumers feel they can’t leave negative feedback out of fear that businesses will cause trouble. (这种行为不仅在道德上腐败，而且是非法的，荒谬的是许多消费者因为害怕企业会找麻烦而不敢留下负面反馈)”以及下文对“人工评价助推”现象的阐述可知，文章主要讨论的是由于“人工评价助推”导致真实反馈的减少。故选D项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Many online businesses do whatever it takes to ensure high rating scores, either through giving bonuses and rewards to customers who leave a good review or through bothering and threatening those who leave a negative one.(许多在线企业会不惜一切代价确保高评分，要么给留下好评的顾客发放奖金和奖励，要么骚扰和威胁留下差评的顾客)”可知，企业通过奖励好评和威胁差评者来确保高评分。故选D项。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段中“There’s an old saying that if you put a frog in boiling water, it will leap out, but if you cook the frog slowly in warm water, it won’t notice being cooked alive. We consumers are just like frogs — it’s easy for us to fight together against terrible acts robbing our freedom, but we often ignore when the same freedom is gradually taken from us.(有句老话说，如果你把一只青蛙放进沸水里，它会跳出来，但如果你把青蛙放在温水中慢慢煮，它不会注意到自己正在被活活煮死。我们消费者就像青蛙一样——我们很容易团结起来对抗剥夺我们自由的可怕行为，但当同样的自由被逐渐剥夺时，我们往往会忽视)”可知，青蛙的类比暗示了和温水煮青蛙一样，消费者没有注意到他们的自由在逐渐丧失。故选C项。 4．细节理解题。根据第三段中“That’s because this system rewards dishonest sellers rather than those selling quality products, and e commerce platforms, with their profits unaffected, turn a blind eye to its faults.(这是因为这个系统奖励的是不诚实的卖家，而不是那些销售优质产品的卖家，而且电子商务平台在利润不受影响的情况下，对其缺陷视而不见)”可知，作者认为当前的评分系统优先考虑不诚实的卖家而非诚实的卖家。故选B项。 【议论文08】（24-25高二上·江苏泰州·期末）Keeping up with the latest advances in technology — particularly AI and generative AI (GenAI) — can be tough, even for tech enthusiasts, but one new development from Open AI earlier this year really caught our attention. The company introduced a new version of its ChatGPT chatbot — GPT-4 — with a new female-sounding voice. The accompanying launch video showcased the model’s ability to assist users with tasks like solving maths problems and offering presentation tips while maintaining a friendly and cheerful tone. There is no denying that AI does help educators in many ways. However, when we give human characteristics to AI we will soon run into troubling issues. As is feared, evidence has now started to emerge that some young people are showing a desire to befriend these chatbots, going to them for advice and emotional support. These AI tools can imitate human-like conversations, but their outputs are based on patterns and data. Another widely publicized use of GenAI is its ability to create “deepfakes”. Take, for example, the case of one person arrested for creating a deepfake audio clip of his boss making rude remarks. The recording went viral before anyone realized that AI had been used to generate it. Easy-to-use deep fake tools are now freely available and, in common with other visual tools of the past, can be used inappropriately to cause damage or even break the law. Technological developments causing unforeseen negative consequences are nothing new. As a result, education has an essential role to play in helping people better understand AI technologies and avoid related dangers. One approach is to not focus purely on those threats and dangers, but to teach young people how to be critical users of technologies. Possessing an understanding of how those technologies work goes a long way towards achieving the AI-related skills needed to make informed choices. 1．What is the concern about young people’s chatbot interactions? A．Maintenance of an emotional tone. B．Imitation of human-like conversations. C．Attachment to them for emotional support. D．Reliance on them for maths problem-solving. 2．Why does the author mention “deepfakes” in Paragraph 3? A．To illustrate the application of AI. B．To compare AI with past visual tools. C．To show concern for the misuse of AI. D．To warn against the inflexibility of AI. 3．What can be done to help people avoid AI-related dangers? A．Promoting the benefits of AI tools. B．Assisting in making informed choices. C．Emphasizing the threatening aspects of AI D．Directing the critical use of AI technologies. 4．What is the author’s attitude toward AI technologies? A．Negative. B．Favourable. C．Objective. D．Unclear. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．D 4．C 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章讲述OpenAI推出新ChatGPT引关注，AI虽有益但被赋予人性存隐患，教育应引导人们正确对待。 1．细节理解题。根据第三段“As is feared, evidence has now started to emerge that some young people are showing a desire to befriend these chatbots, going to them for advice and emotional support.(正如人们所担心的，现在已经开始有证据表明，一些年轻人表现出与这些聊天机器人交朋友的愿望，向它们寻求建议和情感支持。)”可知，年轻人与聊天机器人互动的问题在于他们依赖聊天机器人获取情感支持。故选C项。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“Easy-to-use deep-fake tools are now freely available and, in common with other visual tools of the past, can be used inappropriately to cause damage or even break the law.(现在很容易就能获得易于使用的深度伪造工具，和过去的其他视觉工具一样，它们可能会被不当使用，从而造成损害甚至违法。)”可知，作者提到“深度伪造”是为了表明对人工智能被滥用的担忧。故选C项。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“One approach is to not focus purely on those threats and dangers, but to teach young people how to be critical users of technologies.(一种方法是不要纯粹关注那些威胁和危险，而是教年轻人如何批判性地使用技术。)”可知，帮助人们避免人工智能相关危险的方法是指导人们批判性地使用人工智能技术。故选D项。 4．推理判断题。根据第二段“There is no denying that AI does help educators in many ways. However, when we give human characteristics to AI we will soon run into troubling issues.(不可否认，人工智能在很多方面确实帮助了教育工作者。然而，当我们赋予人工智能人类特征时，很快就会遇到麻烦的问题。)”可知，作者既承认人工智能有帮助的一面，也指出其存在问题，所以作者对人工智能技术的态度是客观的。故选C项。 【议论文09】（24-25高二下·广东广州·期末）Danone Portugal introduced a new yogurt named Juntos. For every pack of yogurt that a person bought, he would donate yogurt to a family in need. Danone had done its research. Increasingly, people say they want to buy from brands that give them a sense of purpose. Surely a yogurt that helped the needy would be appealing. But Juntos was a failure. Despite sinking millions into a marketing campaign, Danone pulled Juntos from the market only months after it was launched. Now the same product is simply marketed as a tasty yogurt. What happened? To find the reason behind Juntos’ failure, Lawrence Williams and his colleagues did an experiment where they showed people some products and asked these people to pick one option. They reminded some to focus on the “purposeful and valuable” aspect while others were told to “enjoy themselves” and focus on “delight and pleasure.” They found that participants who prioritized meaning preferred the less expensive product when compared with people who put pleasure in the first place. So why were meaning-seekers cheaping out? Lawrence Williams asked participants to explain their decision-making to find out. He learned that meaning-oriented people were not thinking about how the product they might buy could bring meaning to their lives. Instead, they were occupied with what else they could do with their money. I am all for people making wise and strategic financial choices. But cheap products can create many problems. Inexpensive options often do not last as long as the higher-end ones. As a result, we shop more often, which is ultimately worse for our wallets. Plus, that spending pattern can do a greater damage to the environment. Thanks in part to fast fashion, people buy 60 percent more clothing today than they did 15 years ago. The fashion industry alone emits more greenhouse gases than international flights and maritime shipping combined. So before you dive into your wallet for some deals, try not to fix only on what you are spending or saving. Think carefully about what you are buying, too. 1．What is the main reason for the failure of Juntos? A．It ignored marketing strategies. B．It priced itself relatively high. C．It lacked a particularly good taste. D．It focused on delight and pleasure. 2．What can be inferred about meaning seekers? A．They frequent high-end stores. B．They think products extend their lives. C．They hesitate to make decisions. D．They make more purchases with money. 3．Which of the following does the writer suggest ? A．Realizing the downside of cheap purchases. B．Boosting the development of fast fashion. C．Making a wiser and strategic investment. D．Purchasing expensive items when necessary. 4．Which is the most suitable title for the text? A．Enjoy Yourself or Make life Matters B．To Buy or not to Buy C．Meaning seekers or Quality-pursuers D．Fast Fashion: Beneficial or Harmful 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章通过达能葡萄牙公司推出的新酸奶Juntos的失败案例，探讨了追求意义与追求愉悦在消费决策中的差异，以及廉价产品可能带来的问题，最后给出了消费建议。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They found that participants who prioritized meaning preferred the less expensive product when compared with people who put pleasure in the first place. (他们发现，与把快乐放在首位的人相比，那些优先考虑意义的人更喜欢价格较低的产品)”以及第三段中的“Instead, they were occupied with what else they could do with their money. (相反，他们忙于考虑还能用这些钱做什么)”可知，Juntos失败的主要原因是它定价相对较高，使得追求意义的消费者不愿购买。故选B项。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Instead, they were occupied with what else they could do with their money. (相反，他们忙于考虑还能用这些钱做什么)”可推知，追求意义的人会考虑用钱做更多的事情，即他们可能会用钱进行更多的购买。故选D项。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“But cheap products can create many problems. Inexpensive options often do not last as long as the higher-end ones. As a result, we shop more often, which is ultimately worse for our wallets. Plus, that spending pattern can do a greater damage to the environment. (但是廉价产品会带来很多问题。便宜的选择通常不如高端产品耐用。因此，我们购物更频繁，这最终对我们的钱包更不利。此外，这种消费模式会对环境造成更大的破坏)”可推知，作者建议我们意识到廉价购买的缺点。故选A项。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合最后一段“So before you dive into your wallet for some deals, try not to fix only on what you are spending or saving. Think carefully about what you are buying, too. (所以，在你为一些交易掏腰包之前，尽量不要只关注你花了多少钱或存了多少钱。也要仔细考虑你要买的东西。)”等内容可知，文章以达能葡萄牙公司推出的新酸奶Juntos的失败案例为切入点，探讨了追求意义与追求愉悦在消费决策中的差异，以及廉价产品可能带来的问题，最后给出了消费建议，即要仔细考虑购买什么，而不仅仅是关注花费或节省多少钱。C项“Meaning seekers or Quality-pursuers (意义追求者还是品质追求者)”概括了文章主旨，适合用作标题。故选C项。 【议论文10】（24-25高二上·广东深圳·期末）Recently, I’ve found myself quite crazy about collecting. It’s a hobby that could absorb my spare time and money without regret. Yet, as my collection expands at an alarming rate, I can’t help worrying about sinking into debt and reflecting on it. Collectors each have their own beginnings. Take Judy, for instance. As a child, she had to visit her grandmother weekly. Feeling bored, she played with her grandmother’s jewelry. Now, she’s passionate about collecting antique earrings and necklaces. Sam, another collector, found comfort and joy in colorful clowns (小丑) during his challenging childhood, and now he’s crazy about all things clown-related, from posters and books to lunchboxes and beyond. “Collecting provides a goal, a safe space and a focus for the mind,” a collector shares. “Once you get off the beaten track to enter an unexplored world, where the most interesting stuff is, other people just don’t understand. So it becomes your private world.” For collectors, it’s a personal hunt that keeps them searching late into the night, ignoring the social media distractions. They know exactly what they seek and go to the trouble to acquire it. However, some people regard such collecting behavior far from reasonable. They argue that collecting so many items is a total waste of time and money. Moreover, these items will just gather dust, displayed like aged beauty queens waiting to be admired once more, not to mention the space they’ll take up. Actually, collections are more than just objects. Collections can be a way to connect with history and fame. To own a piece of history that has been touched by someone famous can be a form of time travel, allowing collectors to dive into the past through their collections. Collections can also be a mirror reflecting the personality and identity of the collector. It’s a hobby that can be as simple or as complex as one wishes, but it always offers the excitement of the hunt and the satisfaction of adding another piece to one’s collection. 1．What might be a common reason for beginning a collection? A．Beauty goals. B．Growth challenges. C．Family traditions. D．Childhood experiences. 2．What do the underlined words “the beaten track” mean in paragraph 3? A．The conventional way. B．The unsafe path. C．The unfamiliar world. D．The interesting place. 3．Why are the aged beauty queens mentioned in paragraph 4? A．To highlight the appeal of collecting. B．To display the quantity of collections. C．To question the behaviour of collecting. D．To doubt the choice of collections. 4．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．The history of collecting. B．The value of collections. C．The instructions for collecting. D．The personalities of collectors. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了收藏这一爱好及其对个人的意义和价值。 1．推理判断题。根据第二段“As a child, she had to visit her grandmother weekly. Feeling bored, she played with her grandmother’s jewelry. Now, she’s passionate about collecting antique earrings and necklaces.(小时候，她每周都要去看望她的祖母。她觉得无聊，就玩祖母的珠宝。现在，她热衷于收集古董耳环和项链)”可推知，童年经历是开始收藏的一个常见原因。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据划线词句中的“get off(离开)”和“to enter an unexplored world(进入一个未知的世界)”可知，划线短语所在句子表示“一旦你不走寻常路，进入一个未经探索的世界，那里有最有趣的东西，其他人就是不理解”，the beaten track的意思是“常规、传统或大家都走的路”，和The conventional way意思相近。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段“However, some people regard such collecting behavior far from reasonable. They argue that collecting so many items is a total waste of time and money.(然而，一些人认为这种收集行为是不合理的。他们认为收集这么多物品完全是浪费时间和金钱)”可推知，第四段提到了年迈的选美皇后是为了质疑收集行为。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Collections can be a way to connect with history and fame. To own a piece of history that has been touched by someone famous can be a form of time travel, allowing collectors to dive into the past through their collections. Collections can also be a mirror reflecting the personality and identity of the collector.(藏品可以是一种与历史和名声联系在一起的方式。拥有一件被名人触摸过的历史文物可以算是一种时间旅行，让收藏家可以通过他们的藏品深入到过去。藏品也可以是一面反映收藏者个性和身份的镜子)”可知，最后一段主要讲的是藏品的价值和意义。故选B。 【议论文11】（24-25高二上·广东深圳·期末）Maths anxiety is older than you might think. A hundred years ago, German physicist Felix Auerbach, concerned about the situation and hoping to find ways to deal with it, wrote a little book called The Fear of Mathematics and How to Overcome It. For a mathematician like myself, the pleasure of reading his book is followed by a sigh of regret that the topic is as important today as it was a century ago. Why do we fear mathematics? At heart, says Auerbach, it comes down to a basic misunderstanding of what maths is. The fear of messing up a calculation (计算) may be real, but the fact that there are many excellent mathematicians who are terrible at calculation proves that maths skills and mathematics aren’t the same thing. What, then, is mathematics? Auerbach says it is three things: a science, a language and an art. For me, part of the problem is that we are often stuck in the “science” box. If we can be shown the beauty of mathematics, we might stop fearing the calculations supporting it. As a language, what sets maths apart is the universality (普遍性) of its truths — you can become fluent wherever you are from. As an art, the beauty of maths lies in the wonderful thinking that allows us to understand the endless, explore the beautiful patterns of art and nature, and delight in the perfection of ideas. Focusing entirely on calculation skills misses the joy and excitement that can come from discovering patterns and understanding them, from seeing the artistic beauty of mathematics. Some experts like to point out that we experience anxiety the same way we experience excitement. In the same way, fear can be negative or positive. Our goal should be to move people from a narrow view of mathematics as mere calculations to an appreciation of it as a beautiful language and art that inspires amazement. 1．What does the author think of the book by Auerbach according to paragraph 1? A．It overstates the fear of maths. B．It addresses a common problem. C．It is too old to be important today. D．It is popular among mathematicians. 2．What is the reason behind people’s fear of mathematics? A．Inability to do calculations. B．Lack of support from teachers. C．Failure to understand its nature. D．Difficulty of the math language. 3．In what way can we regard mathematics as an art? A．Through focusing on technical skills. B．Through creating artworks with delight. C．Through exploring applications in science. D．Through appreciating its beauty in patterns. 4．What does the passage suggest we do regarding learning maths? A．Express our fear. B．Seek experts’ help. C．Change our opinion. D．Learn a new language. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了数学焦虑的问题，指出这种焦虑源于对数学本质的基本误解，强调了数学不仅是一门科学，也是一种语言和艺术，提倡人们从欣赏数学作为美丽语言和艺术的角度去看待它，以减少对数学的恐惧和焦虑。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“A hundred years ago, German physicist Felix Auerbach, concerned about the situation and hoping to find ways to deal with it, wrote a little book called The Fear of Mathematics and How to Overcome It. For a mathematician like myself, the pleasure of reading his book is followed by a sigh of regret that the topic is as important today as it was a century ago.(一百年前，德国物理学家Felix Auerbach对这种情况感到担忧，希望能找到应对之策，于是他写了一本名为《对数学的恐惧及如何克服它》的小书。对于像我这样的数学家来说，读完他的书后，在享受阅读乐趣的同时，也会遗憾地叹一口气，因为这个话题在今天和一个世纪前一样重要。)”可知，一百年前Auerbach写了一本关于数学恐惧及如何克服它的书，作者读完后感到遗憾的是这个话题在今天和一个世纪前一样重要。因为这个关于数学恐惧的话题在一个世纪前和现在都很重要，说明这是一个普遍存在的问题，书探讨了这个问题。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Why do we fear mathematics? At heart, says Auerbach, it comes down to a basic misunderstanding of what maths is.(我们为什么会害怕数学呢？Auerbach认为，从本质上讲，这归根结底是对数学本质的一种基本误解。)”可知，人们害怕数学的核心原因是对数学是什么存在基本的误解，也就是没有理解数学的本质。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“As an art, the beauty of maths lies in the wonderful thinking that allows us to understand the endless, explore the beautiful patterns of art and nature, and delight in the perfection of ideas. Focusing entirely on calculation skills misses the joy and excitement that can come from discovering patterns and understanding them, from seeing the artistic beauty of mathematics.(作为一种语言，数学的独特之处在于其真理的普遍性——无论你来自哪里，都能熟练掌握它。作为一门艺术，数学之美在于其精妙的思维，这种思维使我们能够理解无穷无尽的事物，探索艺术与自然中美妙的图案，并陶醉于各种完美的思想之中。如果只专注于计算技能，就会错过发现和理解数学规律所带来的乐趣与兴奋，也体会不到数学的艺术之美。)”可知，作为一门艺术，数学之美在于其精妙的思维，这种思维使我们能够理解无穷无尽的事物，探索艺术与自然中美妙的图案，并陶醉于各种完美的思想之中。故选D。 4．细节理解题。文章开头指出数学焦虑由来已久，接着阐述人们害怕数学的原因是对数学本质的误解，然后详细说明了数学作为科学、语言和艺术的特点。而根据文章最后一段“Our goal should be to move people from a narrow view of mathematics as mere calculations to an appreciation of it as a beautiful language and art that inspires amazement.(我们的目标应该是让人们从仅仅将数学视为计算的狭隘观点中走出来，转而欣赏数学作为一门能够激发惊叹之情的优美语言和艺术。)”可知，目标是人们从仅仅把数学看作是计算的狭隘观点转变为将其视为一门能激发惊叹之情的优美语言和艺术来欣赏。也就是说，文章建议读者从狭隘的数学观转变为欣赏数学作为语言和艺术的观点。故选C。 【议论文12】（24-25高二上·广东广州·期末）On 11 March 2021, a collage (拼贴画) made up of 5,000 pieces of digital artworks went on sale for more than $69 million and became the world’s most expensive piece of digital art. The collage combines various styles and themes, reflecting the artist’s daily thoughts and observations. The sale was made possible thanks to non-fungible tokens (NFTs). NFT is a unique piece of code that acts like a certificate to prove the work is genuine, so it can be bought or sold like physical paintings. These codes make someone the official owners of the digital artwork. In 2021, more than $15.7 billion was spent on NFTs. Is digital art the future? According to digital artists, NFTs represent the next step in art history. They believe that art develops according to the tools available to them. Embracing (拥抱) digital methods could lead to exciting new works that would never have been possible in the past. Plus, the art world can be exclusive (排他的), with paintings only on show at certain galleries. Digital art gives more people the chance to enjoy art. It also grabs the attention of the buyers. Collectors of digital artworks, as well as investors, have pumped billions of dollars into NFT-related artworks. One famous collector says, “Can NFTs be a breakthrough in the art market? That is a most definite yes. From streaming services to e-sports, the world is becoming more digital. Why should art be different?” He believes that most buyers are driven by admiration, “Artists can make beautiful pieces on their computers. These pieces should be as valuable as physical paintings.” For opponents, digital arts are nothing but a short-lived fashion and will never replace the real thing. Art traditionalists believe that even though people can’t touch most artworks, they are meant to be seen up close. A digital art displayed on a computer screen will never match the experience of walking through a gallery. Even worse, the technology behind it is bad for the environment. NFTs rely on a network of computers that have to be running at all times to process information. This uses up a lot of power and it’s a big source of greenhouse gas emissions, which are the primary cause of climate change. Many collectors are also concerned about the stability (稳定性) of the value, because owning a line of computer codes is not the same as owning a painting. 1．What makes the sale of digital artworks possible? A．The thoughts and observations. B．The high demand for digital art. C．The use of non-fungible tokens. D．The artist’s reputation and fame. 2．According to the famous collector, why will NFTs be a breakthrough in the art market? A．Modern digital methods would lead to more exciting new works. B．NFTs provide people with more opportunities to enjoy art. C．Going digital is the unavoidable trend of the modern world. D．Collectors and investors have pumped lots of money in the market. 3．Which of the following might the opponents agree with? A．Digital artworks will make a lot of profits for galleries. B．The power that NFTs require will do harm to our planet. C．Digital artworks are intended to be fashionable and stable. D．Digital art-serves as a short-lived replacement for real art. 4．What is the text mainly about? A．The world’s most expensive piece of digital art. B．Codes called NFTs that act like certificates in sale. C．The future that digital artworks are going up for sale. D．The debate caused by the NFT-related artworks. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了非同质化代币NFTs在数字艺术领域的应用及其引发的争议，支持者认为这是艺术史上的突破，而反对者则认为其对环境有害且无法取代传统艺术。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“The sale was made possible thanks to non-fungible tokens (NFTs). NFT is a unique piece of code that acts like a certificate to prove the work is genuine, so it can be bought or sold like physical paintings. (这次销售之所以成为可能，得益于非同质化代币(NFTs)。NFT是一种独特的代码，类似于证书，用于证明作品的真实性，因此它可以像实体画作一样被买卖)”可知，非同质化代币使得数字艺术品的销售成为可能。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中他所说的话“Can NFTs be a breakthrough in the art market? That is a most definite yes. From streaming services to e-sports, the world is becoming more digital. Why should art be different? (NFTs能否成为艺术市场的突破？答案绝对是肯定的。从流媒体服务到电子竞技，世界正变得越来越数字化。艺术为何要与众不同呢？)”可知，他认为NFTs是艺术市场的一个突破，是因为数字化是现代世界不可避免的趋势。故选C项。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Even worse, the technology behind it is bad for the environment. NFTs rely on a network of computers that have to be running at all times to process information. This uses up a lot of power and it’s a big source of greenhouse gas emissions, which are the primary cause of climate change. (更糟糕的是，其背后的技术对环境有害。NFTs依赖于一个需要全天候运行的计算机网络来处理信息。这消耗了大量电力，并且是温室气体排放的主要来源，而温室气体是气候变化的主要原因)”可知，非同质化代币依赖于计算机网络，消耗大量电力，会加剧气候变化。因此，反对者会同意“NFTs所需的电力将对我们的星球造成伤害”的观点。故选B项。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Is digital art the future? (数字艺术是未来吗？)”、第二段中“According to digital artists, NFTs represent the next step in art history. They believe that art develops according to the tools available to them. (根据数字艺术家的观点，NFTs代表了艺术史的下一步。他们认为，艺术是根据他们可用的工具发展的)”和第三段中“For opponents, digital arts are nothing but a short-lived fashion and will never replace the real thing. (对于反对者来说，数字艺术只不过是一种短暂的风潮，永远无法取代真正的艺术品)”可知，文章主要讨论了NFT相关艺术品引起的争论，一方面，支持者认为NFTs是艺术史上的下一步，能够带来新的艺术作品，并且让更多人有机会欣赏艺术，另一方面，反对者认为数字艺术只是短暂的时尚，无法取代真正的艺术品，并且对环境有害。故选D项。 【议论文13】（24-25高二上·广东深圳·期末）When I stepped into my sister’s house, I could feel the tension among the family members. My nephew was complaining that current allowances are insufficient to cover his expenses and questioning why he cannot be trusted. Financial literacy (素养) is a totally new word to his parents and, in their mind, parents are supposed to be extremely tight on kids’ money. As raised in a traditional way, we are constantly told to spend a fixed amount of money in a particular period, with everything arranged. The lack of financial literacy among teens is mainly due to the fear of losing control, which has overshadowed the importance of introducing genuine ideas that can promote independence and responsibility tied to financial autonomy (自主). This mindset implies that if you just follow the parents plan, seemingly you succeed m managing your money. Still, each year heartbreaking news about college students who are involved in unaffordable debt keep popping up. Having financial literacy, however, have more benefits than expected. At best, teens with self-discipline would appreciate the trust and make informed financial decisions. Ever at worst, the cost of making mistakes in teenage years is relatively low and committing the mistakes honestly may open the door to some constructive feedback and financial tips. True financial literacy isn’t simply about carrying out a strict or loose strategy on spending but teaching teenagers to differentiate between necessity and desire, and making wise choices. But managed properly, both bread and Air Jordan shoes can be obtained. With Air Jordan shoes ahead, the difficulty in making and saving money makes us appreciate the value of efforts. Budgeting, planning for your expenses, help you make decisions of consequence and resist temptations. Once teens demonstrate responsible management of cash-based expenses, it is time to consider upgrading. However, teens may not be fully equipped to travel in the complex financial landscape without enough supervision and support. After all, financial autonomy comes with responsibilities. 1．What is the function of mentioning the author’s nephew? A．To explain a difficult concept. B．To draw a persuasive conclusion. C．To give a reasonable prediction. D．To present a convincing example. 2．Why do we need financial literacy? A．It guarantees more control on money by parents. B．It stresses the necessity of producing genuine ideas. C．It helps generate independence and responsibilities. D．It increases the risk of having unaffordable debt. 3．Which pair is similar to bread and Air Jordan shoes? A．Tasty dumplings and cheap stationery. B．Instant noodles and all-star game ticket. C．Worn-out jeans and plain basketball cap. D．Latest electronic devices and rare goods. 4．What is the purpose of the passage? A．To motivate teens to have financial literacy skills. B．To tell reasons why teens fail to manage their finance. C．To teach teens how to spend money reasonably and wisely. D．To analyze the pros and cons of having financial autonomy. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了青少年财务素养的重要性，以及如何通过培养财务素养来促进青少年的独立性和责任感。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“My nephew was complaining that current allowances are insufficient to cover his expenses and questioning why he cannot be trusted. Financial literacy (素养) is a totally new word to his parents(我的侄子抱怨说，目前的零花钱不足以支付他的开销，还质疑为什么自己不被信任。对他父母而言，“财务素养” 完全是个陌生的概念)”可知，文章开头提到作者的侄子抱怨零花钱不足，并质疑为什么不能被信任，这为后续讨论青少年的财务素养问题提供了一个具体的背景和情境。通过侄子的例子，作者引出了家庭中对青少年财务自主的限制以及父母对财务素养的忽视，从而引出文章的主题。由此推知，这个例子是为了让读者更直观地理解青少年在财务问题上面临的困境，增强文章的说服力。故选D项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“The lack of financial literacy among teens is mainly due to the fear of losing control, which has overshadowed the importance of introducing genuine ideas that can promote independence and responsibility tied to financial autonomy (自主).(青少年缺乏财务素养主要是由于害怕失去控制，这掩盖了引入能够促进与财务自主相关的独立性和责任感的真实想法的重要性)”可知，我们需要财务素养是因为它有助于培养独立性和责任感。故选C项。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段“True financial literacy isn’t simply about carrying out a strict or loose strategy on spending but teaching teenagers to differentiate between necessity and desire, and making wise choices. But managed properly, both bread and Air Jordan shoes can be obtained.(真正的财务素养不仅仅是关于执行严格或宽松的支出策略，而是教青少年区分需求和欲望，并做出明智的选择。但如果管理得当，面包和飞人乔丹鞋都可以得到)”可知，面包是必需品，而飞人乔丹鞋是奢侈品，作者用这两者来代表生活中的必需品和奢侈品。因此，我们需要找到一对物品，其中一个代表必需品，另一个代表奢侈品。B选项“方便面(必需品)和全明星赛门票(奢侈品)”符合这一模式。故选B项。 4．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章开篇通过描述作者侄子抱怨零花钱不够且质疑不被信任的事例，引出青少年缺乏财务素养这一现象。接着在第二段探讨了青少年缺乏财务素养的主要原因是害怕失去控制，从而忽视了培养与之相关的独立性和责任感。第三段阐述了具备财务素养的好处，比如让自律的青少年能做出明智财务决策，即使犯错成本也相对较低，还能获得建设性反馈。第四段指出真正的财务素养是教导青少年区分需求和欲望并做出明智选择。最后强调青少年在走向财务自主过程中需要监督和支持。文章通过分析问题、提出解决方案（如预算和规划）以及强调财务自主的责任，最终目的是激励青少年学习和掌握财务素养技能。故选A项。 【议论文14】（24-25高二下·湖北荆州·期末）People are taking their health into their own hands it seems, as nearly half of UK adults (48%) have turned to online health information to self-diagnose in the past year, with 18% of 16-24-year-olds doing so at least four times, according to an AXA survey of 4,000 people. The trend reflects growing reliance on digital resources in social media for health advice. While common issues like hay fever (27%), sunburn (19%), and colds (34%) dominate self-diagnoses, 32% report self-diagnosing their mental health conditions. Cases of anxiety and ADHD (多动症) are increasingly self-identified through TikTok symptom checklists, though experts warn such methods lack clinical preciseness. One 24-year-old participant shared: “I diagnosed myself with depression after online tests, but my doctor later owed it to vitamin D deficiency.” So, why are people turning to Dr Google for help? Over a third(36%) complained about the difficulties securing timely appointments, while 22% avoided the NHS due to fears of long waits. With NHS waiting lists hitting 7.5 million — a record high — Prime Minister Keir Starmer promised in January to end backlogs and make millions more appointments available, providing greater choice and convenience for patients. As patients increasingly use online research as a first step, AXA’s report stresses the urgent need for reliable digital health ecosystems. Research shows 52% of UK adults encounter conflicting medical advice online, and 1 in 3 struggle to distinguish credible sources. To deal with this, the report proposes three measures: confirmation of the qualification for healthcare professionals on social media, stricter content grading policies, and automatic early warning for misleading claims — a system already piloted by many platforms for COVID-19 misinformation. With the healthcare system at a crossroads, bridging the gap between digital convenience and medical accuracy remains critical. As AXA’s health director noted: “Letting patients make their own health decisions shouldn’t mean abandoning them to a sea of misleading information.” 1．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A．Most of the self-diagnosis involve common diseases. B．The 24-year-old participant regretted self-diagnosing. C．Self-diagnosis of mental illnesses are not recommended. D．TikTok symptom checklists contributed to self-diagnosis. 2．What does the underlined word “backlogs”mean in Paragraph3? A．Technical errors. B．Staff shortages. C．Public complaints. D．Accumulated tasks. 3．What does AXA’s report suggest about conflicting online advice? A．Qualifying online healthcare professionals. B．Establishing trustworthy online health system. C．Banning health-related content on social platforms. D．Warning healthcare professionals of the misinformation. 4．What can be inferred from the last Paragraph? A．It is urgent to provide accurate and handy online diagnosis. B．Digital diagnostic systems will replace traditional evaluations. C．It is vital to offer more financial support for healthcare system. D．Social media platforms should stop providing healthcare advice. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A 【导语】这是一篇议论文。本文主要分析英国民众在线自我诊断的流行原因(如医疗资源紧张)、潜在风险(信息冲突)，并提出建立可靠数字医疗生态的解决方案。 1．主旨大意题。根据第二段“While common issues like hay fever (27%), sunburn (19%), and colds (34%) dominate self-diagnoses, 32% report self-diagnosing their mental health conditions. Cases of anxiety and ADHD (多动症) are increasingly self-identified through TikTok symptom checklists, though experts warn such methods lack clinical preciseness. One 24-year-old participant shared: “I diagnosed myself with depression after online tests, but my doctor later owed it to vitamin D deficiency.”(常见的诸如花粉症（27%）、晒伤（19%）和感冒（34%）等病症在自我诊断中占据主导地位，而有32%的人表示自己对自身的心理健康状况进行了自我诊断。焦虑症和多动症（ADHD）的情况越来越多地通过 TikTok 的症状检查清单被自我确认，不过专家警告称，这类方法缺乏临床准确性。一位24岁的参与者分享道：“我在网上测试后诊断自己患有抑郁症，但后来我的医生说是由于维生素D缺乏所致。”)”可知，第二段主要讲的是不建议进行自我诊断精神疾病。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“With NHS waiting lists hitting 7.5 million — a record high(由于国民医疗服务体系的预约等候名单已达到750万条——创历史新高)”可知，等候名单已达到750万条，因此首相承诺要解决这些积压的任务。故划线词意思是“积压的任务”。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“As patients increasingly use online research as a first step, AXA’s report stresses the urgent need for reliable digital health ecosystems.(随着患者越来越多地将在线研究作为第一步，安盛的报告强调了建立可靠数字健康生态系统的迫切需求)”可知，安盛集团的报告建议建立可靠的在线健康体系。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“With the healthcare system at a crossroads, bridging the gap between digital convenience and medical accuracy remains critical. As AXA’s health director noted: “Letting patients make their own health decisions shouldn’t mean abandoning them to a sea of misleading information.”(在医疗体系面临重大变革之际，如何在数字便利性与医疗准确性之间找到平衡变得至关重要。正如安盛集团健康部门的负责人所指出的：“让患者自主做出健康决策不应意味着将他们置于充斥着误导性信息的环境中。”)”可知，现在迫切需要提供准确且便捷的在线诊断服务。故选A。 【议论文15】（24-25高二下·湖北武汉·期末）When the world is faced with a growing number of crises, including climate change and economic decline, writers and critics, finding themselves with even more inspirations and materials on their hands than usual, wondered how these dramatic changes would affect novels. Literature has documented and been shaped by global events, as seen in John Steinbeck's The Grapes of Wrath (1939), and Albert Camus’s imagining of a cholera outbreak — The Plague (1947). Who would write the first great novel of the latest era? Two of America’s novelists, Michael Cunningham and Sigrid Nunez, have recently published novels that try to carry this tradition. The narrator of The Vulnerables by Ms Nunez is an older writer who lives in New York and has all the concerns of a middle-aged, middle-class American living in the 21st century. She ends up in an apartment alone, but her real crisis is literary. Suffering from writer's block, she concludes that “the traditional novel” has lost its “urgency” now. Mr Cunningham's Day, coincidentally, is just the kind of traditional novel Ms Nunez suggests is now outdated. It tells the story of a young family in New York — Dan, an ageing singer, and Isabel, a photo editor, have two young children. His recent unemployment accelerates the breakdown of their marriage and the relationships of several other people they know. Day is alive with all of the small thoughts, looks and feelings that the global financial crisis caused. Unlike historical transformations during previous centuries, the impacts of current events on novels have so far been weakened. With technology accelerating the pace of people's lives, Ms Nunez’s and Mr Cunningham’s books may best be regarded as documents of a certain time that now seems an increasingly distant memory. Despite their new subject matter, these books do not break literary ground. As people’s depression gradually gave way to the optimism of the digital age, they soon slipped right back into normality. The same is proving true for fiction. Both novels remind readers how much their lives changed during the crises, but also, at least for writers and readers of literature, how much stayed the same. 1．Why does the author mention Jhon Steinbeck and Albert Camus in paragraph 1? A．To set a standard. B．To raise a question. C．To clarify a confusion. D．To illustrate a phenomenon. 2．What do The Vulnerables and Day have in common? A．Both belong to traditional novels. B．Both present characters faced with crises. C．Both are written in first-person perspective. D．Both reveal mental issues caused by unemployment. 3．What is the significance of Ms Nunez’s and Mr Cunningham's books? A．They adopt novel subject matters. B．They highlight changes in family relationships. C．They serve as records of a special but passing period. D．They push the boundaries of fiction for their contemporaries. 4．Which best describes the author’s attitude towards the two novels? A．Objective. B．Positive. C．Negative. D．Unconcerned. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章探讨了两部小说The Vulnerables和Day如何反映当前社会危机对人们生活的影响，并对这些作品的文学价值进行了评价。 1．推理判断题。根据文章第一段的句子“When the world is faced with a growing number of crises, including climate change and economic decline, writers and critics, finding themselves with even more inspirations and materials on their hands than usual, wondered how these dramatic changes would affect novels. Literature has documented and been shaped by global events, as seen in John Steinbeck's The Grapes of Wrath (1939), and Albert Camus’s imagining of a cholera outbreak — The Plague (1947).(当世界面临越来越多的危机时，包括气候变化和经济衰退，作家和评论家发现他们手中有比平时更多的灵感和材料，想知道这些戏剧性的变化会如何影响小说。文学记录和塑造了全球事件，如约翰·斯坦贝克的《愤怒的葡萄》（1939）和阿尔伯特·加缪对霍乱爆发的想象——《瘟疫》（1947）。)”可知，作者提到这些作家是为了说明文学如何记录和被全球事件塑造这种现象。故选D项。 2．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的句子“Both novels remind readers how much their lives changed during the crises, but also, at least for writers and readers of literature, how much stayed the same.(这两部小说都提醒读者，他们的生活在危机中发生了多大的变化，但至少对作家和文学读者来说，有多少东西保持不变。)”可知，这两部小说都展示了人物在危机中面临的挑战。故选B项。 3．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的句子“With technology accelerating the pace of people's lives, Ms Nunez's and Mr Cunningham's books may best be regarded as documents of a certain time that now seems an increasingly distant memory.(随着科技加速了人们的生活节奏，努涅斯女士和坎宁安先生的书可能最好被视为某个时代的文件，而这个时代现在似乎越来越遥远。)”可知，这些书作为记录一个特殊但逐渐成为过去的时期的文献具有重要意义。故选C项。 4．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的句子“Despite their new subject matter, these books do not break literary ground.(尽管题材新颖，但这些书并没有突破文学领域。)”可知，作者对这两部小说持客观态度，认为它们虽然有新的主题，但并未在文学上取得突破。故选A项。 【议论文16】（24-25高二上·河南漯河·期末）The world may be losing its tiny pollinators. Where were the sound of flying insects striking against the lightbulb? Even the cicadas (蝉) or crickets (蟋蟀) had stilled its instruments. Where have all the insects gone? Our lives rely on a healthy insect population. Research shows that areas with more insect species have better and more stable pollination. As Dave Goulson, a biology professor, explains in his book Silent Earth: Averting the Insect Apocalypse, about three-quarters of all crops grown by humans need animal pollination, mostly by insects. “We could not feed the global human population without pollinators,” he writes. It’s not just bees and butterflies that are important; other less attractive pollinators like flies, wasps, and soldier beetles are also in decline. These insects not only pollinate but also eat pests that damage crops. Scientists have been warning about the decrease in insect numbers for years. The reasons are climate change, loss of habitats, light pollution, intensive farming, and the use of pesticides and fertilizers. However, it’s difficult to convince people to take action. We humans have a complex relationship with these six-legged creatures. Remember Kafka’s Metamorphosis, where a man turns into a bug, or the Victorian stories where naughty children become insects? Seen closely, even the face of a butterfly or bee is disturbing. y strange. Perhaps we’ve been pushing insects away. Some steps may be as simple as turning off artificial light. A recent study in China found that trees in Beijing, lit by street lights at night, seem to have tougher leaves and less damage from insects. In other words, insects are probably being starved out of the area. We should address our attitudes to insects. Those annoying flies around your food? They use simply doing what they were born for. They’re recycling. Without them we might be wondering what to do about piles of waste. Besides, they’re food for birds, and UK bird populations have crashed in recent years. 1．How does insect diversity influence our lives? A．It makes our life less attractive. B．It contributes to our grain increase. C．It has no significant effect on our life. D．It results in a decrease in animal pollination. 2．What is implied about our relationship with insects? A．We have a negative and fearful idea of them. B．We are completely indifferent to them. C．We have always been very friendly towards them. D．We rely on them and really care about their survival. 3．What is one suggested step to lessen insects decline? A．Introducing more species to control pests. B．Increasing the use of pesticides to protect crops. C．Planting more trees to provide habitats for insects. D．Turning off artificial light to reduce light pollution. 4．What is the purpose of this passage? A．To call on people to preserve insects. B．To illustrate the necessity of recycling. C．To show humans’ relationship with insects. D．To describe the decrease of insects populations. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章指出昆虫数量在减少，阐述了昆虫多样性对人类生活的重要性、昆虫减少的原因，还给出了应对措施，呼吁人们保护昆虫。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Research shows that areas with more insect species have better and more stable pollination. As Dave Goulson, a biology professor, explains in his book Silent Earth: Averting the Insect Apocalypse, about three quarters of all crops grown by humans need animal pollination, mostly by insects.(研究表明，昆虫种类更多的地区有更好、更稳定的授粉情况。正如生物学教授戴夫·古尔森在他的《寂静地球：避免昆虫末日》一书中解释的那样，人类种植的大约四分之三的农作物需要动物授粉，主要是昆虫授粉)”可知，昆虫多样性有助于农作物授粉，从而促进粮食增产。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“We humans have a complex relationship with these six legged creatures. Remember Kafka’s Metamorphosis, where a man turns into a bug, or the Victorian stories where naughty children become insects? Seen closely, even the face of a butterfly or bee is disturbing. Maybe strange. Perhaps we’ve been pushing insects away.(我们人类与这些六条腿的生物有着复杂的关系。还记得卡夫卡的《变形记》吗，里面一个人变成了虫子，或者维多利亚时代的故事里调皮的孩子变成了昆虫?凑近看，即使是蝴蝶或蜜蜂的脸也很让人不安，也许很奇怪。也许我们一直在把昆虫推开)”可知，我们对昆虫有负面和恐惧的看法。故选A项。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Some steps may be as simple as turning off artificial light. A recent study in China found that trees in Beijing, lit by street lights at night, seem to have tougher leaves and less damage from insects. In other words, insects are probably being starved out of the area.(有些措施可能像关掉人造光一样简单。中国最近的一项研究发现，北京夜晚被路灯照亮的树木，叶子似乎更坚韧，受到昆虫的损害也更少。换句话说，昆虫可能正因这个区域的光而饿死)”可知，关掉人造光以减少光污染是减缓昆虫数量减少的一个建议措施。故选D项。 4．推理判断题。通读全文，结合第二段中“Our lives rely on a healthy insect population.(我们的生活依赖于健康的昆虫种群)”和最后一段“We should address our attitudes to insects.(我们应该改变对昆虫的态度)”可知，文章强调了昆虫对人类生活的重要性，号召人们改变对昆虫的态度，所以其目的是呼吁人们保护昆虫。故选A项。 试卷第4页，共33页 7 / 41 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$