精品解析：福建省福州市福九联盟2024-2025学年高一下学期7月期末英语试题

2024—2025学年度第二学期福州福九联盟（高中）期末联考 高中一年英语科试卷 完卷时间：120分钟 满分：150分 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Review lessons. B. Make a study plan. C. Set his alarm earlier. 2. What did Peter do in Amsterdam? A. He visited a museum. B. He took a boat trip. C. He saw beautiful buildings. 3. How does the man often begin his school project? A. By doing some research. B. By organizing main ideas. C. By setting a detailed schedule. 4. What will the man probably do this weekend? A. Join another match. B. Ask the woman for advice. C. See a film. 5 What is the woman worried about? A. Not remembering her words. B. Not having enough practice. C. Not getting the leading part. 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Where did the woman see The Lion King probably? A. At home. B. At a cinema. C. At a concert hall. 7. What does the man enjoy most about The Lion King? A. The music. B. The real feelings. C. The characters. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What is the man interested in? A. AI’s influence on daily life. B. AI’s use in the medical field. C. AI’s role in research papers. 9. What can AI do according to the woman? A. Cure tough disease. B. Direct people to exercise. C. Help people save money. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What is the main idea of the conversation? A. How to catch fish. B. Why there are fewer fish. C. What fishing rules should be set. 11. What does Jeff do for a living? A. He’s a cook. B. He’s a factory worker. C. He’s a fisherman. 12. Which difficulty does Jeff mainly face? A. Job loss. B. Health problem. C. Water pollution issue. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What does the woman say about engines? A. They are noisy. B. They are interesting to fix. C. They are easy to understand. 14. What was the first engine the man fixed? A. A car engine. B. An e-bike engine. C. A bus engine. 15. Where are the speakers probably? A. At a restaurant. B. At school. C. At home. 16. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Brother and sister. B. Father and daughter. C. School friends. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Where was the bird probably found? A. In a box. B. Near the window. C. In a garden. 18. How long did Adam stay with the bird? A. Three weeks. B. Two weeks. C. A week. 19. How did Adam feel when the bird flew away? A. Pleased. B. Lonely. C. Encouraged. 20. What did Adam learn from his grandfather? A. Patience leads to understanding. B. Kindness results in personal happiness. C. Respect for everything is of great importance. 第二部分：阅读（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A It started simply, as most things do. My son Nick had been eager to try rock climbing and he needed a partner. As a 45-year-old mother, I am not a physical person at all. But I still decided to join him in a training class. The first time I reached the top and returned safely to the ground, I was flooded with a mix of emotions. My body shook with excitement because I had pushed myself harder than I ever thought I could, but I had succeeded. Four months into my climbing journey, I had an accident while bouldering (攀岩). I’m not sure what exactly happened, but I think my foot slipped on the way down. I didn’t land properly and injured my lower back. I was taken to the hospital by ambulance. I feared that I would never return to rock climbing or bouldering and said to Nick sadly, “A piece of me would fade away. It would be forgotten and lie passive forever. I couldn’t let that happen.” It took nearly three months before I felt strong enough to give it another try. Nick was supportive throughout the process. I made it halfway up, but then I got scared. I felt like I had disappointed myself and Nick. He comforted me, telling me not to worry, to take my time, and to try a different route when I was ready. Fifteen minutes later, I chose a different path. I kept reminding myself that I could change my mind at any time. Along the way Nick guided and encouraged me. To my surprise, I made it to the top and back to the ground safely. Rock climbing was doing wonders for me.  It not only made me stronger physically and mentally but also gave me new confidence.  Besides, it was a great chance for Nick and me to grow closer, while encouraging me to try new things and push my limits. 1. Why did the author join rock climbing at first? A. To keep her son company. B. To step out of comfort zone. C. To improve her physical condition. D. To seek adventure and enjoyment. 2. The author’s words to her son in paragraph 2 imply that ________. A. she was eager to show her physical capabilities B. she was concerned about disconnecting with Nick C. she feared losing self-identity gained from climbing D. She appreciated the new understanding she gained from climbing 3. What was the key to the author’s successful try after recovery? A. Her devotion. B. Nick’s backing. C. Her experience. D. Doctors’ encouragement. 4. According to the last paragraph, what was the author’s overall attitude toward rock climbing? A. Fearful yet interested. B. Indifferent and doubtful. C. Cautious but determined. D. Enthusiastic and grateful. 5. Which of the following is the best title of the text? A. Getting better at bouldering. B. Going beyond limits with bouldering. C. Reaching for a lifelong ambition. D. Facing up to the next challenge. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述一位45岁母亲为陪伴儿子参加攀岩训练，过程中虽因意外受伤，但在儿子支持下克服恐惧，重新尝试并登顶，通过攀岩突破自身极限，获得身心成长。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“My son Nick had been eager to try rock climbing and he needed a partner. As a 45-year-old mother, I am not a physical person at all. But I still decided to join him in a training class.(我儿子尼克一直渴望尝试攀岩，他需要一个搭档。作为一名45岁的母亲，我一点也不爱运动。但我还是决定和他一起参加一个训练班)”可知，作者最初参加攀岩是为了陪伴儿子。故选A项。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“ I feared that I would never return to rock climbing or bouldering and said to Nick sadly, “A piece of me would fade away. It would be forgotten and lie passive forever. I couldn’t let that happen.(我担心自己再也不能回到攀爬或攀岩运动中，悲伤地对尼克说：“我的一部分会消失。它会被遗忘，永远消极地存在着。我不能让这种事情发生”)”可知，作者害怕失去通过攀岩获得的自我认同感。故选C项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Nick was supportive throughout the process. … Along the way Nick guided and encouraged me.(尼克在整个过程中都给予支持。……一路上尼克引导并鼓励我)”可知，作者康复后成功尝试攀岩的关键是尼克的支持。故选B项。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Rock climbing was doing wonders for me. It not only made me stronger physically and mentally but also gave me new confidence. Besides, it was a great chance for Nick and me to grow closer, while encouraging me to try new things and push my limits.(攀岩给我带来了奇迹。它不仅让我在身体和精神上变得更强壮，还赋予了我新的自信。此外，这是我和尼克关系更亲密的好机会，同时鼓励我尝试新事物，挑战我的极限)”可知，作者对攀岩充满热情并且心怀感激。故选D项。 【5题详解】 主旨大意题。文章讲述了作者从陪伴儿子攀岩，到意外受伤，再到在儿子支持下克服恐惧重新登顶，通过攀岩不断挑战自我，超越极限。B选项“Going beyond limits with bouldering.(通过 攀岩超越极限)”为最佳标题。故选B项。 B With the fast development of astronomy, astronomers are eager to find a clue of the familiar: planets that are like Earth. By pushing technology to the limits, astronomers are rapidly approaching the day when they can find another Earth. The most direct approach is to take a picture of it with a telescope. However, a more effective way is to use “the Doppler technique”. This involves analyzing starlight for evidence that the moving position of the star is affected by the gravity of a planet. Nowadays, astronomers can tell when a planet is pulling its star by only one meter a second — about human walking speed. That’s enough to detect a giant planet in a big orbit, or a small planet if it’s close to its star. Another approach is to watch a star for a slight drop in its brightness. This occurs when an orbiting planet passes in front of the star and blocks part of its light. At most a tenth of all planetary systems are oriented so that these mini-eclipses (迷你日食) — called transits (凌日) — are visible from Earth. So, astronomers must monitor a lot of stars to catch just a few transits. The dream of astronomers is to discover a rocky planet roughly the size of Earth orbiting in a habitable zone, one that is neither too hot nor too cold to support life. If they succeed, they will have found what biologists believe could be a promising residence for life. The best places to look may be dwarf stars (矮星). Smaller than the sun, dwarf stars are plentiful; seven of the ten stars nearest to Earth are dwarf stars. They also provide a steady supply of sunlight to any life-bearing planets within their habitable zone. Additionally, dwarf stars are dim (暗淡), so the habitable zone lies closer in. If the planet is closer to the star, it’s easier for astronomers to detect a transit observation. A close-in planet also has a stronger pull on its star. That makes it easier to detect with the Doppler method. 6. According to paragraph 2 astronomers analyze starlight with the aim of finding ________. A. where we can detect a giant orbit B. why a small planet is close to its stars C. how strong the power of the gravity is D. whether the movement of the stars is changed 7. Why do astronomers have to monitor a lot of stars to capture transits? A Transits last a very short period. B. Most planetary systems don’t have transits. C. Transits only occur for a small number of stars. D. Not more than 10% planetary systems have visible transits from Earth. 8. The word “habitable” in paragraph 4 most likely means ________. A. livable B. adjustable C. sustainable D. visible 9. Dwarf stars may be good places to spot Earth-like planets because ________. A. dwarf stars are limited in number B. their planets are close to the Earth C. the closeness of the habitable zone to dwarf stars aids detection D. the brightness of dwarf stars to Earth improves their visibility 10. What is the main purpose of the text? A. To describe planet-finding processes. B. To inform readers of planet-finding methods. C. To promote space tools used to find habitable planets. D. To argue that human beings can soon find habitable planets. 【答案】6. D 7. D 8. A 9. C 10. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了天文学家寻找类地行星的方法和目标，科学家们使用望远镜、多普勒技术和监测恒星光度变化等方法来寻找类地行星。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“The most direct approach is to take a picture of it with a telescope. However, a more effective way is to use “the Doppler technique”. This involves analyzing starlight for evidence that the moving position of the star is affected by the gravity of a planet.(最直接的方法是用望远镜对其进行拍摄。然而，更有效的方法是采用“多普勒技术”。这包括分析星光，以寻找表明恒星移动位置受到行星引力影响的证据)”可知，科学家利用多普勒技术来分析星光，想要找出恒星的运动是否会受到某个行星引力的影响。故选D。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“At most a tenth of all planetary systems are oriented so that these mini-eclipses (迷你日食) — called transits (凌日) — are visible from Earth. So, astronomers must monitor a lot of stars to catch just a few transits.(实际上，所有行星系统中只有大约十分之一的系统处于这样的位置，使得这些迷你日食（即凌日现象）能够从地球上观测到。因此，天文学家必须对大量恒星进行监测，才能捕捉到寥寥几个这样的凌日现象)”可知，天文学家必须监测很多恒星才能捕捉到一些凌日现象，因为从地球上观测到凌日现象的行星系统不超过10%。故选D。 【8题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“If they succeed, they will have found what biologists believe could be a promising residence for life.(如果他们能够实现这一目标，那么他们就将找到了生物学家认为可能适合生命存在的理想栖息地)”可知，天文学家的梦想是发现一个适合人类居住的星球，故划线词意思是“适于居住的”。故选A。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Additionally, dwarf stars are dim (暗淡的), so the habitable zone lies closer in. If the planet is closer to the star, it’s easier for astronomers to detect a transit observation. A close-in planet also has a stronger pull on its star. That makes it easier to detect with the Doppler method.(此外，矮星本身比较暗淡，因此宜居带会更靠近恒星。如果行星距离恒星较近，那么天文学家就更容易通过凌日观测来发现它。距离恒星较近的行星对恒星的引力作用也更强。这使得利用多普勒法来探测它就更容易了)”可知，矮星亮度不高，故其生存带近。如生存带内的行星离矮星更近的话，天文学家更容易观察到其凌日现象，这样就更容易发现类地行星的存在，同时离的近的行星对矮星的引力更强，因此更容易通过多普勒方法观测到。故选C。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“With the fast development of astronomy, astronomers are eager to find a clue of the familiar: planets that are like Earth. By pushing technology to the limits, astronomers are rapidly approaching the day when they can find another Earth.(随着天文学的迅速发展，天文学家们渴望找到一个熟悉的线索：像地球一样的行星。通过将技术推向极限，天文学家们正迅速接近能够找到另一个地球的那一天)”结合全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了天文学家寻找类地行星的方法和目标，科学家们使用望远镜、多普勒技术和监测恒星光度变化等方法来寻找类地行星。由此推断，这篇文章的主要目的是向读者介绍行星探测的方法。故选B。 C The greatest irony (讽刺) of the world-wide celebrations held in 2012 to honour the 200th anniversary of the first edition of the Grimms’ Hausmrchen (格林童话) involves the discovery that most people really don’t know the original Grimms’ tales published in 1812. If we return to take a closer look at the first edition, we’ll find it was this edition that inspired scholars of folk culture throughout Europe to gather tales from the oral tradition and preserve them for future generations. When the Grimms Jacob and Wilhelm began collecting all kinds of folk tales and songs, what attracted them to focus on old German literature was a belief that the most natural and pure forms of culture were to be located in the past, while modern literature was artificial and thus could not express the genuine quality of folk culture. It originated naturally from people’s experiences and bound the people together. Broadly speaking, the Grimms sought to collect and preserve ancient things consisting of tales, songs and documents. They intended to show how natural language, originating from the needs and customs of the common people, created genuine bonds and helped form civilized communities. Turning to the first edition a reader might notice that, totally unlike the final edition of 1857, the first edition collects more genuine folk tales, keeping spoken and raw contents, even though the language is not as pleasing as that in later revised versions. For instance, Snow White’s mother, not her stepmother, wants to kill the beautiful girl out of envy. The storytellers do not beat about the bush and they tell the truths they know, engaging people to learn from symbols how to engage their realities, even though magic, incredible transformation and cruelty are involved. Lastly, the Grimms’ little-known first edition reveals forgotten voices that are deep within us. Therefore, the remarkable charm of the Grimms’ tales is that not theirs, but ours. 11. According to the author, why should we rediscover the Grimms’ first edition? A. To explore its origin. B. To appreciate its significance. C. To honour its 200th anniversary. D. To remember the Brothers Grimm. 12. What is paragraph 3 of the text mainly about? A. The quality of the folk culture. B. The contents of the first edition. C. The feature of the old German literature. D. The motivation of the Grimms collecting tales. 13. What can we learn about Snow White in the first edition? A. It is loosely based on the folk tale. B. It is appealing for its beautiful language. C. It instructs readers to integrate into real life. D. It exposes envy and cruelty of the stepmother. 14. What can we infer about the Brothers Grimm from the text? A. They were pioneers in preserving folk culture. B. They thought highly of modern literature. C. They kept their style in later editions. D. They were collectors of ancient objects. 15. Which column of a newspaper is this article probably taken from? A. Health B. Science C. Literature D. Entertainment 【答案】11. B 12. D 13. C 14. A 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要说明了在2012年为纪念《格林童话》第一版出版200周年而举行的全球庆祝活动，最具讽刺意味的是，人们发现大多数人并不知道1812年出版的原著。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“If we return to take a closer look at the first edition, we’ll find it was this edition that inspired scholars of folk culture throughout Europe to gather tales from the oral tradition and preserve them for future generations.(如果我们再仔细看看第一版，就会发现正是这一版激发了欧洲各地的民俗文化学者们从口头传统中收集故事，并将其保存下来以供后人传阅)”可知，作者认为重新发现《格林童话》的第一版是为了欣赏它的重要性。故选B。 【12题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段“When the Grimms Jacob and Wilhelm began collecting all kinds of folk tales and songs, what attracted them to focus on old German literature was a belief that the most natural and pure forms of culture were to be located in the past, while modern literature was artificial and thus could not express the genuine quality of folk culture. It originated naturally from people’s experiences and bound the people together. Broadly speaking, the Grimms sought to collect and preserve ancient things consisting of tales, songs and documents. They intended to show how natural language, originating from the needs and customs of the common people, created genuine bonds and helped form civilized communities.(当格林兄弟雅各布和威廉开始收集各种民间故事和歌曲时，促使他们将重点放在古老德语文学上的原因在于他们坚信，最自然、最纯粹的文化形式存在于过去，而现代文学则是人为的，因而无法表达民间文化的真正特质。这种观点源于人们对生活的体验，并将人们紧密联系在一起。从广义上讲，格林兄弟旨在收集和保存由故事、歌曲和文献构成的古老事物。他们旨在展示源自普通民众需求和习俗的自然语言是如何创造出真正的联系，并帮助形成文明社会的)”可知，该段主要讲述的是格林兄弟收集故事的动机。故选D。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“For instance, Snow White’s mother, not her stepmother, wants to kill the beautiful girl out of envy. The storytellers do not beat about the bush and they tell the truths they know, engaging people to learn from symbols how to engage their realities, even though magic, incredible transformation and cruelty are involved.(例如，白雪公主的母亲，而非继母，出于嫉妒心想要杀死这个美丽的女孩。讲故事的人们不会拐弯抹角，他们会讲述他们所知道的真相，通过象征手法引导人们了解如何应对现实，尽管其中涉及魔法、不可思议的转变和残忍行为)”可知，在《格林童话》第一版中我们可以了解到关于白雪公主的故事是为了引导读者融入生活。故选C。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“If we return to take a closer look at the first edition, we’ll find it was this edition that inspired scholars of folk culture throughout Europe to gather tales from the oral tradition and preserve them for future generations.(如果我们再仔细看看第一版，就会发现正是这一版激发了欧洲各地的民俗文化学者们从口头传统中收集故事，并将其保存下来以供后人传阅)”可推断，格林兄弟是保护民间文化的先驱。故选A。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“The greatest irony (讽刺) of the world-wide celebrations held in 2012 to honour the 200th anniversary of the first edition of the Grimms’ Hausmrchen (格林童话) involves the discovery that most people really don’t know the original Grimms’ tales publisdihed in 1812.( 2012年全球范围内举行的旨在纪念《格林童话》首版200周年的庆祝活动，其中最大的讽刺之处在于人们发现，大多数人其实并不了解 1812年出版的那套原版格林童话故事)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要围绕“格林童话”第一版展开，讨论其意义、格林兄弟收集故事的动机以及第一版的特点等，属于文学范畴。所以这篇文章可能来自报纸的文学专栏。故选C。 第二节（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Work with Different Cultures Working effectively with different cultures is a necessary skill for anyone in a culturally diverse work environment. Cultural variations in the workplace may range from simple regional differences, such as varying dialects, to different viewpoints on timeliness, efficiency, and communication.___16___ Be aware of your words and actions. What seems proper to you may not be a cultural standard to another person. Before you give someone at work a high five or a pat on the back, take a moment to consider your actions. Based on what you know about that culture, is touching in the workplace proper? ___17___ Is what you’re about to say possibly rude? If so, figure out a way to express it differently. Practice patience. It may take a while for you to get used to working with people from different cultures. Don’t worry, that’s normal. Try not to get angry if communication takes a little extra effort at first. For example, maybe you are now working with someone whose first language is not your mother tongue. In this case, they might not understand your point. ___18___ Try saying, “Ok, I can see I’m not making myself clear. How can I help us get on the same page?” Look at issues from a different angle. Don’t assume that you are all looking at the issue from the same angle. It’s possible that you might think you’re working with the same goals in mind, but others may have different ideas about how to achieve them. ___19___Looking at an issue from another perspective can help you find solutions that you might not have considered. ___20___But if you put yourself in the right frame of mind, you will likely find it a rewarding experience despite some challenges. A. An important strategy is asking questions. B. A good rule is to consider your words before you speak. C. Learning to communicate better helps you work with people. D. There are suggestions for you to work with different cultures. E. Once someone explains their viewpoint, take some time to reflect F. Instead of getting impatient, try to treat it as a learning experience. G. If you’ve never worked with different cultures before, it can be difficult. 【答案】16. D 17. B 18. F 19. E 20. G 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何与不同文化背景的人有效合作的方法。 【16题详解】 上文提到“Cultural variations in the workplace may range from simple regional differences, such as varying dialects, to different viewpoints on timeliness, efficiency, and communication.(工作场所的文化差异可能从简单的地区差异（如不同的方言）到对时间观念、效率和沟通的不同观点)”这说明工作场所存在多种文化差异。D选项“There are suggestions for you to work with different cultures.(这里有一些与你不同文化同事共事的建议)”正好引出下文要讲述的内容，即如何与不同文化背景的人有效合作，起到了承上启下的作用。故选D。 【17题详解】 上文提到“Before you give someone at work a high five or a pat on the back, take a moment to consider your actions.(在工作上想要和别人击个掌或者拍一下别人的背之前，花点时间考虑一下你的行为)”这暗示了在行动之前要考虑清楚。B选项“A good rule is to consider your words before you speak.(一条好规则就是在说话之前要考虑你的言辞)”与上文相呼应，进一步强调了在与不同文化背景的人交往时，要注意自己的言行举止，避免因为不了解对方的文化而造成误解或冒犯。故选B。 【18题详解】 上文提到“In this case, they might not understand your point.(在这种情况下，他们可能不理解你的意思)”这说明在与非母语者沟通时可能会遇到理解障碍。F选项“Instead of getting impatient, try to treat it as a learning experience.(不要不耐烦，试着把它当作一次学习的经历)”给出了应对这种情况的建议，即要有耐心，把沟通障碍当作一次学习的机会，这与上文的情境相符。故选F。 【19题详解】 上文提到“It’s possible that you might think you’re working with the same goals in mind, but others may have different ideas about how to achieve them.(你可能认为你们都在为实现同一个目标而努力，但其他人可能对如何实现这些目标有不同的想法)”这说明在团队合作中可能存在对目标实现方式的不同理解。E选项“Once someone explains their viewpoint, take some time to reflect(一旦有人解释了他们的观点，花点时间思考)”给出了一个应对这种情况的建议，即当有人提出不同的观点时，要耐心倾听并花时间思考，这有助于更好地理解对方的立场和想法，从而找到更好的解决方案。故选E。 【20题详解】 下文提到“But if you put yourself in the right frame of mind, you will likely find it a rewarding experience despite some challenges.(但如果你调整好自己的心态，尽管会遇到一些挑战，你也会觉得这是一次有益的经历)”这说明虽然与不同文化背景的人合作可能会遇到困难，但只要调整好心态就能获得积极的体验。G选项“If you’ve never worked with different cultures before, it can be difficult.(如果你以前从未与不同文化背景的人合作过，这可能会很困难)”正好引出了下文的转折关系，即虽然困难但值得尝试。故选G。 第三部分：语言运用（共两节, 满分30分） 第一节 完型填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The unexpected detours (迂回) in the past summer have turned an ordinary vacation into an unforgettable adventure. It began with a simple message from my friends, “Why don’t we ___21___ the road this weekend?” With only a rough idea of our route for mountains and lakes, we ___22___ into my car and set off into the clear night. Driving under a blanket of ___23___ felt free; it was as if all our worries ___24___. The laughter echoed (回荡) in the car as we shared funny stories in our lives. As ___25___ broke over the horizon (地平线), so did our first ___26___: getting lost! A wrong turn led us deep into winding country roads far from where we intended to be. ___27___ discouraged, we quickly turned it into an opportunity for exploration instead of seeing it as a ___28___. We came across little towns we’d never heard of before — each with its own charm and character. Finally arriving at our ___29___ destinations — an extremely attractive national park — we were greeted by breathtaking views of towering mountains ____30____ on glassy lakes. The ____31____ was undoubtedly our hike up Pine Ridge Trail, which challenged us physically but ____32____ us with views that took our breath away. This adventure ____33____ not only as an escape from daily pressures but also a chance to accept uncertainty rather than ____34____ it: sometimes getting lost opens doors that you didn’t even know ____35____! 21. A. hit B. fix C. cross D. block 22. A. dropped B. looked C. piled D. knocked 23. A. snow B. stars C. fog D. clouds 24. A. melted away B. turned up C. pulled in D. showed off 25. A. hope B. dream C. daylight D. nightfall 26. A. schedule B. approach C. opportunity D. challenge 27. A. Finally B. Naturally C. Gradually D. Originally 28. A. takeover B. setback C. checkout D. backup 29. A. hidden B. promised C. intended D. rejected 30. A. standing B. rolling C. drawn D. reflected 31. A. highlight B. routine C. adventure D. shelter 32. A. impacted B. rewarded C. charged D. equipped 33. A. served B. passed C. ranked D. doubled 34. A. hold on to B. live up to C. put up with D. shy away from 35. A. mattered B. existed C. proved D. disappeared 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍的是作者和朋友在夏日假期的公路旅行中，因意外迂回收获难忘冒险的经历。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：事情始于朋友们的一条简单信息：“这个周末我们何不驾车出行呢？”A. hit打击，碰撞（hit the road意为“驾车出行”）；B. fix修理；C. cross穿过；D. block堵塞。根据下文“we ___2___ into my car and set off into the clear night.”可知，朋友们提议驾车出行，“hit the road”符合语境。故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们对去山区和湖泊的路线只有一个大致的想法，就挤进我的车里，在风轻云淡的夜晚出发了。A. dropped掉落；B. looked看；C. piled堆积，挤入；D. knocked敲。根据上文的“It began with a simple message from my friends”以及“into my car”可知，此处指朋友们挤进车里，piled into表示“挤入”。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在繁星点点的夜空下开车感觉很自由，仿佛我们所有的烦恼都消失了。A. snow雪；B. stars星星；C. fog雾；D. clouds云。根据上文“set off into the clear night”可知，是在夜晚开车，且夜空晴朗，因此是在繁星下，a blanket of stars表示“繁星点点”。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在繁星点点的夜空下开车感觉很自由，仿佛我们所有的烦恼都消失了。A. melted away逐渐消失；B. turned up出现；C. pulled in进站；D. showed off炫耀。根据上文的“felt free”以及下文的“The laughter echoed (回荡) in the car as we shared funny stories in our lives.”可知，自由的感觉让烦恼消失了，大家分享生活中有趣的故事。故选A项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当黎明出现在地平线上时，我们遇到了第一个挑战：迷路了！A. hope希望；B. dream梦想；C. daylight黎明，日光；D. nightfall黄昏。根据上文“set off into the clear night”以及下文的“broke over the horizon”可知，此处指黎明到来。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当黎明出现在地平线上时，我们遇到了第一个挑战：迷路了！A. schedule日程；B. approach方法；C. opportunity机会；D. challenge挑战。根据下文的“getting lost”可知，迷路是一个挑战。故选D项。 【27题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：起初有些沮丧，但我们很快把它变成了一个探索的机会，而不是把它看作一个挫折。A. Finally最后；B. Naturally自然地；C. Gradually逐渐地；D. Originally起初。根据下文的“we quickly turned it into an opportunity”可知，大家很快把它变成一个探索的机会，由此可推断，此处指的是起初是沮丧的，后来转变了态度。故选D项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：起初有些沮丧，但我们很快把它变成了一个探索的机会，而不是把它看作一个挫折。A. takeover接管；B. setback挫折；C. checkout结账；D. backup备份。根据上文的“we quickly turned it into an opportunity for exploration”以及转折词“instead of”可知，他们把这次迷路看作机会，而不是挫折。故选B项。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最终到达我们打算去的目的地——一个极具吸引力的国家公园时，我们看到了高耸的山脉倒映在平静湖面上的惊人景色。A. hidden隐藏的；B. promised承诺的；C. intended打算的；D. rejected拒绝的。根据上文“A wrong turn led us deep into winding country roads far from where we intended to be”可知，一次错误的拐弯使他们里打算去的目的地更远了，由此可推断，此处指到达原本打算去的目的地。故选C项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：最终到达我们打算去的目的地——一个极具吸引力的国家公园时，我们看到了高耸的山脉倒映在平静湖面上的惊人景色。A. standing站立；B. rolling滚动；C. drawn画；D. reflected反射，倒映。根据下文的“on glassy lakes”可知，山脉倒映在湖面上。故选D项。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：亮点无疑是我们徒步登上派恩里奇小径，这在身体上对我们是个挑战，但却给了我们令人叹为观止的景色作为回报。A. highlight亮点；B. routine常规；C. adventure冒险；D. shelter避难所。根据下文的“views that took our breath away”可知，这的风景让作者他们叹为观止，由此可知，徒步的经历是此次旅行的亮点。故选A项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：亮点无疑是我们徒步登上派恩里奇小径，这在身体上对我们是个挑战，但却给了我们令人叹为观止的景色作为回报。A. impacted影响；B. rewarded奖励，回报；C. charged收费；D. equipped装备。根据下文的“views that took our breath away”可知，美丽的景色是对徒步挑战的回报。故选B项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这次冒险不仅是为了逃避日常压力，也是一个接受不确定性而不是回避它的机会：有时候迷路会为你打开你甚至不知道存在的门！A. served服务，用作；B. passed通过；C. ranked排名；D. doubled加倍。根据下文的“not only as an escape from daily pressures but also a chance to accept uncertainty”可知，此次冒险有双重作用，serve as表示“用作，充当”。故选A项。 【34题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：这次冒险不仅是为了逃避日常压力，也是一个接受不确定性而不是回避它的机会：有时候迷路会为你打开你甚至不知道存在的门！A. hold on to坚持；B. live up to达到；C. put up with忍受；D. shy away from回避。根据上文的“accept uncertainty”可知，接受不确定性，结合rather than可知，此处指不回避不确定性。故选D项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这次冒险不仅是为了逃避日常压力，也是一个接受不确定性而不是回避它的机会：有时候迷路会为你打开你甚至不知道存在的门！A. mattered重要；B. existed存在；C. proved证明；D. disappeared消失。根据上文的“We came across little towns we’d never heard of before”以及“opens doors that you didn’t even know”可知，作者他们迷路后，在未知的路上遇到了之前没有听说过的地方，所以这里是说迷路打开了你不知道存在的大门。故选B项。 第二节 语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） A 阅读下面两篇短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Known as a unique type of porcelain (瓷器), Linglong porcelain is one of the four distinguished traditional porcelains from Jingdezhen, often  ____36____ (refer) to as the “city of porcelain” in East China's Jiangxi Province. Unlike ordinary porcelain, Linglong porcelain is made by carving tiny holes into the body, which are then filled with a special glaze (釉). With changes to the glaze materials, the porcelain shines more and shows greater artistic and practical value. Since Linglong porcelain was hard to make, the number of pieces ____37____ (survive) over time was quite small. In the past decade, thanks to modern technology, machines ____38____ (employ) to do some tasks like carving and painting, reducing physical work. ____39____ (Hopeful), intangible cultural heritage will reach every home, with more people enjoying its beauty at an affordable price. Besides bringing such heritage into young people’s daily life, drawing global attention to Linglong porcelain ____40____ highlighting its rich beauty have become another goal. 【答案】36. referred 37. surviving 38. have been employed 39. Hopefully 40. and 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国江西景德镇四大传统名瓷之一的玲珑瓷。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：玲珑瓷是一种独特的瓷器，是中国东部江西省景德镇的四大传统名瓷之一，景德镇常被称为“瓷都”。句中已有谓语动词“is”，“refer”需用非谓语形式。“refer to... as...”意为“把……称作……”，逻辑主语“Jingdezhen”与“refer”之间是被动关系，即“景德镇被称作……”，所以用过去分词referred作后置定语。故填referred。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：由于玲珑瓷制作难度大，随着时间推移留存下来的数量相当少。句中已有谓语动词“was”，“survive”需用非谓语形式。“survive”与逻辑主语“the number of pieces”之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词surviving作后置定语，修饰“the number of pieces”，表示“留存下来的瓷器数量”。故填surviving。 【38题详解】 考查动词语态和时态。句意：在过去十年里，由于现代技术的发展，机器被用于完成雕刻和绘画等一些任务，减轻了体力劳动。根据时间状语“ In the past decade”可知，此处强调从过去持续到现在的动作或状态，应用现在完成时。“machines”与“employ”之间是被动关系，即“机器被使用”，所以用现在完成时的被动语态，其结构为“have/has been +过去分词”，主语“machines”是复数，所以用have been employed。故填have been employed。 【39题详解】 考查副词。句意：希望非物质文化遗产能够走进千家万户，让更多的人以可承受的价格欣赏到它的美。此处修饰整个句子，应用副词Hopefully，意为“希望地”，句首单词首字母大写。故填Hopefully。 【40题详解】 考查连词。句意：除了将这种文化遗产融入年轻人的日常生活，吸引全球对玲珑瓷的关注并彰显其丰富的美感已成为另一个目标。“drawing global attention to Linglong porcelain”与“highlighting its rich beauty”是并列关系，都作句子的主语，所以用并列连词and连接。故填and。 B 阅读下面两篇短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In a previous research, Chinese scientists analyzing lunar soil samples ___41___ (make) a groundbreaking discovery: water was found along with minerals in the soil. Finding water on the moon is not new. NASA and Indian spacecraft have spotted what they believe to be water on the surface. But according to the scientists, it is the first time that water in its molecular (分子的) form, H2O, has been found in real samples — and, importantly, it came from a place on the moon ___42___ they had thought water couldn’t exist. Researchers examined samples from China’s 2020 Chang’e-5 probe, and found a small transparent crystal, about the ___43___ (wide) of a human hair, named ULM-1. It was a new lunar mineral. The ULM-1 crystal contains around 41% water, ___44___ ammonia (氨气) helping H2O stay stable during wild temperature changes. This kind of water may help support future life on the moon. The scientists wrote that the discovery will ___45___ (far) improve our understanding of the moon’s surface and its chemical changes. 【答案】41. made 42. where 43. width 44. with 45. further 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了中国科学家分析嫦娥五号月球土壤样本，发现含分子形式水的新矿物ULM-1，此发现刷新认知，有助于未来月球生活及理解月球表面。 【41题详解】 考查时态。句意：在之前的一项研究中，中国科学家对月球土壤样本进行分析后取得了重大发现：在土壤中不仅发现了矿物质，还发现了水。根据上文“In a previous research”可知，发生在过去句子时态用一般过去时，空格处谓语动词使用过去式。故填made。 【42题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：但据科学家们称，这是首次在真实样本中发现了以分子形式存在的水——即H2O——而且更重要的是，这种水来自月球上他们原本认为不可能存在水的一个区域。空格处引导定语从句，修饰先行词place，且在从句中作地点状语，故填where。 【43题详解】 考查名词。句意：研究人员对中国的2020年嫦娥五号探测器所采集的样本进行了检测，发现了一块约与人类头发宽度相当的透明晶体，被命名为ULM-1。作介词about的宾语，用名词width。故填width。 【44题详解】 考查介词。句意：ULM-1晶体中约含有41%的水分，而氨则有助于水在极端温度变化的情况下保持稳定。此处为with+名词+现在分词结构，表示“伴随”，作状语，故填with。 【45题详解】 考查副词。句意：科学家们写道，这一发现将进一步加深我们对月球表面及其化学变化的理解。修饰动词improve，表示“进一步”应用further。故填further。 第四部分 课内知识（共三节，满分25分） 第一节（共7小题; 每小题1分，满分7分） 根据语境，选择框中单词替换句中划线部分的单词或短语，使之意思一致。 A. faint B. launching C. provided for D. virtues E. tailored F. bringing about G. chains 46. One of his good moral qualities is that he never gets angry with his students even if he is thought ill of by them. 47. The detective found some unclear footprints in the mud, hardly visible to the naked eye. 48. Globalization has had a huge impact on people all around the world, contributing to the international communication and cooperation. 49. The artist shook off the limitations of traditional thoughts, publishing a series of creative works of art. 50. Li Ning decided to compete with global giants like Nike and Adidas, bringing a new brand of sportswear to market. 51. He won a Best Actor award for a film role that had been specially made to fit well for him. 52. I wondered how he supported a family of five on 1,000 yuan a month? 【答案】46. D 47. A 48. F 49. G 50. B 51. E 52. C 【解析】 【46题详解】 考查名词。句意：他的一大优良品德是，即便学生对他有所不满，他也从不对他们发脾气。划线词与D选项“优点”意思一致，故选D。 【47题详解】 考查形容词。句意：侦探在泥地上发现了些模糊不清的脚印，用肉眼几乎看不出来。划线词与A选项“模糊的”意思一致，故选A。 【48题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：全球化对世界各地的人们产生了巨大影响，促进了国际间的交流与合作。划线词与F选项“产生”意思一致，故选F。 【49题详解】 考查名词。句意：这位艺术家摆脱了传统观念的束缚，创作出了一系列富有创意的艺术作品。划线词与G选项“束缚”意思一致，故选G。 【50题详解】 考查动词。句意：李宁决定与耐克和阿迪达斯这样的国际巨头一较高下，推出了全新的运动服饰品牌并将其推向市场。划线词与B选项“发起”意思一致，故选B。 【51题详解】 考查动词。句意：他因在一部专门为他量身打造的影片中所饰演的角色而荣获最佳男演员奖。划线词与E选项“定制”意思一致，故选E。 【52题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：我很好奇他是如何支撑起一个五口之家，仅靠每月1000元的收入呢？划线词与C选项“供养”意思一致，故选C。 第二节 （共8小题; 每小题1分，满分8分） 根据语境，选择下框中的单词或短语，必要时用正确的形式填空。框中有两个为多余的单词或者短语。 fold permit flexible broad lack claim argue in memory of in response to trip over 53. The CEO manages his busy schedule ________, allowing his employees to better balance work and life. 54. ________ rising pollution, the mayor proposed new policies to sharply reduce industrial emissions. 55. Please remove the fallen branches from the road, or people ________ them and get hurt by them. 56. His arms ________ across his chest, the teacher stood at the front of the classroom, silently observing the students as they worked on their exams. 57. A man ________ himself to be a journalist threatened to uncover details about her illegal trade with foreigners online. 58. Anny described how she got into a heated ________ with one of the defenders at the court. 59. ________ her knowledge, she signed up for online courses about AI so that she could have more choices for jobs in the future. 60. If ________ to bring mobile phones into class, some students may be addicted to playing with their phones rather than focusing on their study. 【答案】53. flexibly 54. In response to 55. will trip over 56. folded 57. claiming 58. argument 59. To broaden 60. permitted 【解析】 【53题详解】 考查副词。句意：这位首席执行官能够灵活安排自己的繁忙日程，从而让员工能够更好地平衡工作与生活。根据“allowing his employees to better balance work and life”以及句意“灵活”可知用副词flexibly，修饰动词manage。故填flexibly。 【54题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：为应对日益严重的污染问题，市长提出了新的政策，旨在大幅减少工业排放量。根据“the mayor proposed new policies”以及句意“为应对……”可知用in response to，首字母大写。故填In response to。 【55题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：请把道路上掉落的树枝清理掉，否则人们可能会被它们绊倒并受伤。根据“get hurt by them”以及句意“绊倒”可知用trip over，发生在将来用一般将来时。故填will trip over。 【56题详解】 考查动词。句意：老师双臂交叉抱在胸前，站在教室的前端，静静地注视着学生们做试卷。His arms______across his chest是独立主格结构，逻辑主语his arms和动词fold是被动关系，应用过去分词形式。故填folded。 【57题详解】 考查动词。句意：一名自称是记者的男子威胁称，要在网上揭露她与外国人进行非法交易的细节。根据“himself to be a journalist”以及句意“自称”可知用claim，与man构成主动关系，用现在分词作定语。故填claiming。 【58题详解】 考查名词。句意：安妮讲述了她在法庭上与其中一名辩护律师发生激烈争执的经过。根据“with one of the defenders at the court”以及句意“争执”可知用名词argument，作宾语，由a可知，应用单数，故填argument。 【59题详解】 考查动词。句意：为了拓宽自己的知识面，她报名参加了有关人工智能的在线课程，以便将来能有更多的就业选择。根据“she signed up for online courses about AI”以及句意“拓宽”可知用broaden，此处不定式作目的状语，首字母大写。故填To broaden。 【60题详解】 考查动词。句意：如果允许学生将手机带进课堂，那么有些学生可能会沉迷于玩手机，而无法专心学习。根据“to bring mobile phones into class”以及句意“允许”可知用动词permit，与逻辑主语students构成被动关系，故用过去分词作状语，该句子是if引导状语从句的省略，故填permitted。 第三节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) 翻译: 81-83题按括号中的要求进行汉译英，84-85题进行英译汉。 61. 傍晚时，一阵大风把我刮到了海上。第二天早晨，一艘船发现了我。(find复合结构) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Towards night I found myself carried out to see by a strong wind. The next morning I was spotted by a ship. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态，语态和非谓语动词。傍晚时译为“towards night”，一阵大风把我刮到了海上可以用find的复合结构，主语我译为“I”，谓语find，描述过去的事情，用一般过去时，宾语用反身代词我自己，译为“myself”，刮到了海上译为“carry out to sea”，和宾语之间是被动关系，用过去分词作宾补，一阵大风译为“a strong wind”；第二天早晨译为“The next morning”，发现用动词spot，和主语我之间是被动关系，这里可以用一般过去时的被动语态，一艘船译为“ a ship”，结合句意，故翻译为Towards night I found myself carried out to see by a strong wind. The next morning I was spotted by a ship. 62. 不到六个月，她就成了住院主任医师，而升任这一职位通常需要四年时间。（同位语）(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Within six months, she was named a chief resident physician, a position that usually took four years to achieve. 【解析】 【详解】考查动词、名词和同位语。分析句子可知，这里时态可用一般过去时表示过去情况。表示“不到六个月”应用within six months，为介词短语作状语；表示“她就成了住院主任医师”应用she was named a chief resident physician，其中be named，表“被任命为”，为固定搭配；表示“而升任这一职位通常需要四年时间”应用a position that usually took four years to achieve，是a chief resident physician的同位语，用于对该职位进行补充说明。其中that usually took four years to achieve(常需要四年时间来取得)是一个定语从句，修饰先行词position。故翻译为Within six months, she was named a chief resident physician, a position that usually took four years to achieve. 63. 这里有众多美丽的古建筑——不少坐落于大山之巅, 城市、大海和金门大桥美景尽收眼底。(独立主格结构+doing) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】There are so many beautiful old buildings—many sitting on top of big hills, offering great views of the city, the ocean, and the Golden Gate Bridge. 【解析】 【详解】考查独立主格结构和there be。“这里有”常见表达为There be句型 ，“众多美丽的古建筑”即so many beautiful old buildings”。“不少坐落于大山之巅”，使用独立主格结构，逻辑主语many（指代buildings）与sit（坐落）是主动关系，用many sitting on top of big hills 。“城市、大海和金门大桥美景尽收眼底”，用现在分词短语offering great views of the city, the ocean, and the Golden Gate Bridge ，故译为There are so many beautiful old buildings—many sitting on top of big hills, offering great views of the city, the ocean, and the Golden Gate Bridge. 64. These words of Dr Lin Qiaozhi give us a look into the heart of this amazing woman, and what carried her through a life of hard choices. (英译汉) 【答案】林巧稚医生的这些话让我们了解了这位了伟大女性的内心世界，以及是什么支撑着她走过充满艰难抉择的一生。 【解析】 【详解】考查句子结构和宾语从句。分析句子可知，本句是主谓双宾结构，These words of Dr Lin Qiaozhi“林巧稚医生的这番话”是主语，give是谓语动词，us是间接宾语，a look into the heart of this amazing woman, and what carried her through a life of hard choices“了解了这位了伟大女性的内心世界，以及是什么支撑着她走过充满艰难抉择的一生”是直接宾语。故本句可译为：林巧稚医生的这些话让我们了解了这位了伟大女性的内心世界，以及是什么支撑着她走过充满艰难抉择的一生。 65. Despite the difficulties, scientists hope to make more valuable discoveries that will enable the human race to survive well into the future. (英译汉) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】尽管困难重重，科学家们希望获得更多有价值的发现，让人类延续生存，直到未来。 【解析】 【详解】考查句子结构。分析句子可知，本句是主从复合句，Despite the difficulties“尽管困难重重”是介词短语作状语；主句主语是scientists“科学家们”，hope“希望”是谓语部分，to make more valuable discoveries“获得更多有价值的发现”是不定式短语作宾语；that will enable the human race to survive well into the future“这可以让人类延续生存，直到未来”是定语从句，修饰先行词discoveries；定语从句中that是关系代词作主语，will enable“将让”是谓语，the human race“人类”是宾语，to survive well into the future“延续生存，直到未来”是宾语补足语。故本句可译为：尽管困难重重，科学家们希望获得更多有价值的发现，让人类延续生存，直到未来。 第五部分 写作（满分25分） 66. 假定你是李华，你将代表你校参加一次主题为“Morals and Virtues”的英语演讲赛。请你撰写一篇演讲稿，描述自己的一次善举，并结合这件事谈谈你对儒家思想之“仁”的看法。注意： 1.写作词数应为100左右(已给的句子不加入总字数); 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 3.参考词汇：儒家思想  Confucianism;  仁kindness Hello, everyone! My name is Li Hua. It’s an honor to share my understanding of “kindness” in Confucianism through a personal experience. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you for listening! 【答案】Suggested version: Hello, everyone! My name is Li Hua. It’s an honor to share my understanding of “kindness” in Confucianism through a personal experience. I still remember the day when I first spotted Wang Lei sitting alone after class, staring at his math test with frustration. Though we weren’t close friends, I gathered my courage and asked if he needed assistance. For the next month, we stayed after school frequently, working through problems together patiently. At first, he struggled to understand, but slowly his confidence grew. The day he got his first B, his face lit up with pride. ‌“I couldn’t have done it without you,” he said. This experience taught me the true meaning of ‌“Ren” in Confucianism — kindness in action. My small effort made a real difference in Wang Lei’s life and unexpectedly enriched mine, too. In our fast-paced world, we often overlook chances to help. But ‌“Ren” reminds us that even small acts of kindness matter. Let’s act it from now! Thank you for listening! 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于演讲稿。要求考生代表学校参加“Morals and Virtues”主题英语演讲赛，撰写一篇演讲稿，描述自己的一次善举，并结合这件事谈谈对儒家思想之“仁”的看法。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 记得：remember → recall 沮丧：frustration → depression/dismay 帮助：assistance → help/aid 机会：chance → opportunity 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：At first, he struggled to understand, but slowly his confidence grew. 拓展句：Although he initially struggled to understand, he gradually grew more confident. 【点睛】[高分句型1] I still remember the day when I first spotted Wang Lei sitting alone after class, staring at his math test with frustration. (运用了关系副词when引导的限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] But ‌“Ren” reminds us that even small acts of kindness matter.(运用了连词that引导的宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024—2025学年度第二学期福州福九联盟（高中）期末联考 高中一年英语科试卷 完卷时间：120分钟 满分：150分 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Review lessons. B. Make a study plan. C. Set his alarm earlier. 2. What did Peter do in Amsterdam? A. He visited a museum. B. He took a boat trip. C. He saw beautiful buildings. 3. How does the man often begin his school project? A. By doing some research. B. By organizing main ideas. C. By setting a detailed schedule. 4. What will the man probably do this weekend? A. Join another match. B. Ask the woman for advice. C. See a film. 5 What is the woman worried about? A. Not remembering her words. B. Not having enough practice. C. Not getting the leading part. 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Where did the woman see The Lion King probably? A. At home. B. At a cinema. C. At a concert hall. 7. What does the man enjoy most about The Lion King? A. The music. B. The real feelings. C. The characters. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What is the man interested in? A. AI’s influence on daily life. B. AI’s use in the medical field. C. AI’s role in research papers. 9 What can AI do according to the woman? A. Cure tough disease. B. Direct people to exercise. C. Help people save money. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What is the main idea of the conversation? A. How to catch fish. B. Why there are fewer fish. C. What fishing rules should be set. 11. What does Jeff do for a living? A. He’s a cook. B. He’s a factory worker. C. He’s a fisherman. 12. Which difficulty does Jeff mainly face? A. Job loss. B. Health problem. C. Water pollution issue. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What does the woman say about engines? A. They are noisy. B. They are interesting to fix. C. They are easy to understand. 14. What was the first engine the man fixed? A. A car engine. B. An e-bike engine. C. A bus engine. 15. Where are the speakers probably? A. At a restaurant. B. At school. C. At home. 16. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Brother and sister. B. Father and daughter. C. School friends. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Where was the bird probably found? A. In a box. B. Near the window. C. In a garden. 18. How long did Adam stay with the bird? A. Three weeks. B. Two weeks. C. A week. 19. How did Adam feel when the bird flew away? A. Pleased. B. Lonely. C. Encouraged. 20. What did Adam learn from his grandfather? A. Patience leads to understanding. B. Kindness results in personal happiness. C. Respect for everything is of great importance. 第二部分：阅读（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A It started simply, as most things do. My son Nick had been eager to try rock climbing and he needed a partner. As a 45-year-old mother, I am not a physical person at all. But I still decided to join him in a training class. The first time I reached the top and returned safely to the ground, I was flooded with a mix of emotions. My body shook with excitement because I had pushed myself harder than I ever thought I could, but I had succeeded. Four months into my climbing journey, I had an accident while bouldering (攀岩). I’m not sure what exactly happened, but I think my foot slipped on the way down. I didn’t land properly and injured my lower back. I was taken to the hospital by ambulance. I feared that I would never return to rock climbing or bouldering and said to Nick sadly, “A piece of me would fade away. It would be forgotten and lie passive forever. I couldn’t let that happen.” It took nearly three months before I felt strong enough to give it another try. Nick was supportive throughout the process. I made it halfway up, but then I got scared. I felt like I had disappointed myself and Nick. He comforted me, telling me not to worry, to take my time, and to try a different route when I was ready. Fifteen minutes later, I chose a different path. I kept reminding myself that I could change my mind at any time. Along the way Nick guided and encouraged me. To my surprise, I made it to the top and back to the ground safely. Rock climbing was doing wonders for me.  It not only made me stronger physically and mentally but also gave me new confidence.  Besides, it was a great chance for Nick and me to grow closer, while encouraging me to try new things and push my limits. 1. Why did the author join rock climbing at first? A. To keep her son company. B. To step out of comfort zone. C. To improve her physical condition. D. To seek adventure and enjoyment. 2. The author’s words to her son in paragraph 2 imply that ________. A. she was eager to show her physical capabilities B. she was concerned about disconnecting with Nick C. she feared losing self-identity gained from climbing D. She appreciated the new understanding she gained from climbing 3. What was the key to the author’s successful try after recovery? A. Her devotion. B. Nick’s backing. C. Her experience. D. Doctors’ encouragement. 4. According to the last paragraph, what was the author’s overall attitude toward rock climbing? A. Fearful yet interested. B. Indifferent and doubtful. C. Cautious but determined. D. Enthusiastic and grateful. 5. Which of the following is the best title of the text? A. Getting better at bouldering. B. Going beyond limits with bouldering. C. Reaching for a lifelong ambition. D. Facing up to the next challenge. B With the fast development of astronomy, astronomers are eager to find a clue of the familiar: planets that are like Earth. By pushing technology to the limits, astronomers are rapidly approaching the day when they can find another Earth. The most direct approach is to take a picture of it with a telescope. However, a more effective way is to use “the Doppler technique”. This involves analyzing starlight for evidence that the moving position of the star is affected by the gravity of a planet. Nowadays, astronomers can tell when a planet is pulling its star by only one meter a second — about human walking speed. That’s enough to detect a giant planet in a big orbit, or a small planet if it’s close to its star. Another approach is to watch a star for a slight drop in its brightness. This occurs when an orbiting planet passes in front of the star and blocks part of its light. At most a tenth of all planetary systems are oriented so that these mini-eclipses (迷你日食) — called transits (凌日) — are visible from Earth. So, astronomers must monitor a lot of stars to catch just a few transits. The dream of astronomers is to discover a rocky planet roughly the size of Earth orbiting in a habitable zone, one that is neither too hot nor too cold to support life. If they succeed, they will have found what biologists believe could be a promising residence for life. The best places to look may be dwarf stars (矮星). Smaller than the sun, dwarf stars are plentiful; seven of the ten stars nearest to Earth are dwarf stars. They also provide a steady supply of sunlight to any life-bearing planets within their habitable zone. Additionally, dwarf stars are dim (暗淡), so the habitable zone lies closer in. If the planet is closer to the star, it’s easier for astronomers to detect a transit observation. A close-in planet also has a stronger pull on its star. That makes it easier to detect with the Doppler method. 6. According to paragraph 2 astronomers analyze starlight with the aim of finding ________. A. where we can detect a giant orbit B. why a small planet is close to its stars C. how strong the power of the gravity is D. whether the movement of the stars is changed 7. Why do astronomers have to monitor a lot of stars to capture transits? A. Transits last a very short period. B. Most planetary systems don’t have transits. C. Transits only occur for a small number of stars. D. Not more than 10% planetary systems have visible transits from Earth. 8. The word “habitable” in paragraph 4 most likely means ________. A. livable B. adjustable C. sustainable D. visible 9. Dwarf stars may be good places to spot Earth-like planets because ________. A. dwarf stars are limited in number B. their planets are close to the Earth C. the closeness of the habitable zone to dwarf stars aids detection D. the brightness of dwarf stars to Earth improves their visibility 10. What is the main purpose of the text? A. To describe planet-finding processes. B. To inform readers of planet-finding methods. C. To promote space tools used to find habitable planets. D. To argue that human beings can soon find habitable planets. C The greatest irony (讽刺) of the world-wide celebrations held in 2012 to honour the 200th anniversary of the first edition of the Grimms’ Hausmrchen (格林童话) involves the discovery that most people really don’t know the original Grimms’ tales published in 1812. If we return to take a closer look at the first edition, we’ll find it was this edition that inspired scholars of folk culture throughout Europe to gather tales from the oral tradition and preserve them for future generations. When the Grimms Jacob and Wilhelm began collecting all kinds of folk tales and songs, what attracted them to focus on old German literature was a belief that the most natural and pure forms of culture were to be located in the past, while modern literature was artificial and thus could not express the genuine quality of folk culture. It originated naturally from people’s experiences and bound the people together. Broadly speaking, the Grimms sought to collect and preserve ancient things consisting of tales, songs and documents. They intended to show how natural language, originating from the needs and customs of the common people, created genuine bonds and helped form civilized communities. Turning to the first edition a reader might notice that, totally unlike the final edition of 1857, the first edition collects more genuine folk tales, keeping spoken and raw contents, even though the language is not as pleasing as that in later revised versions. For instance, Snow White’s mother, not her stepmother, wants to kill the beautiful girl out of envy. The storytellers do not beat about the bush and they tell the truths they know, engaging people to learn from symbols how to engage their realities, even though magic, incredible transformation and cruelty are involved. Lastly, the Grimms’ little-known first edition reveals forgotten voices that are deep within us. Therefore, the remarkable charm of the Grimms’ tales is that not theirs, but ours. 11. According to the author, why should we rediscover the Grimms’ first edition? A. To explore its origin. B. To appreciate its significance. C. To honour its 200th anniversary. D. To remember the Brothers Grimm. 12. What is paragraph 3 of the text mainly about? A. The quality of the folk culture. B. The contents of the first edition. C. The feature of the old German literature. D. The motivation of the Grimms collecting tales. 13. What can we learn about Snow White in the first edition? A. It is loosely based on the folk tale. B. It is appealing for its beautiful language. C. It instructs readers to integrate into real life. D. It exposes envy and cruelty of the stepmother. 14. What can we infer about the Brothers Grimm from the text? A. They were pioneers in preserving folk culture. B. They thought highly of modern literature. C. They kept their style in later editions. D. They were collectors of ancient objects. 15. Which column of a newspaper is this article probably taken from? A. Health B. Science C. Literature D. Entertainment 第二节（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Work with Different Cultures Working effectively with different cultures is a necessary skill for anyone in a culturally diverse work environment. Cultural variations in the workplace may range from simple regional differences, such as varying dialects, to different viewpoints on timeliness, efficiency, and communication.___16___ Be aware of your words and actions. What seems proper to you may not be a cultural standard to another person. Before you give someone at work a high five or a pat on the back, take a moment to consider your actions. Based on what you know about that culture, is touching in the workplace proper? ___17___ Is what you’re about to say possibly rude? If so, figure out a way to express it differently. Practice patience. It may take a while for you to get used to working with people from different cultures. Don’t worry, that’s normal. Try not to get angry if communication takes a little extra effort at first. For example, maybe you are now working with someone whose first language is not your mother tongue. In this case, they might not understand your point. ___18___ Try saying, “Ok, I can see I’m not making myself clear. How can I help us get on the same page?” Look at issues from a different angle. Don’t assume that you are all looking at the issue from the same angle. It’s possible that you might think you’re working with the same goals in mind, but others may have different ideas about how to achieve them. ___19___Looking at an issue from another perspective can help you find solutions that you might not have considered. ___20___But if you put yourself in the right frame of mind, you will likely find it a rewarding experience despite some challenges. A. An important strategy is asking questions. B. A good rule is to consider your words before you speak. C. Learning to communicate better helps you work with people. D. There are suggestions for you to work with different cultures. E. Once someone explains their viewpoint, take some time to reflect F. Instead of getting impatient, try to treat it as a learning experience. G. If you’ve never worked with different cultures before, it can be difficult. 第三部分：语言运用（共两节, 满分30分） 第一节 完型填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The unexpected detours (迂回) in the past summer have turned an ordinary vacation into an unforgettable adventure. It began with a simple message from my friends, “Why don’t we ___21___ the road this weekend?” With only a rough idea of our route for mountains and lakes, we ___22___ into my car and set off into the clear night. Driving under a blanket of ___23___ felt free; it was as if all our worries ___24___. The laughter echoed (回荡) in the car as we shared funny stories in our lives. As ___25___ broke over the horizon (地平线), so did our first ___26___: getting lost! A wrong turn led us deep into winding country roads far from where we intended to be. ___27___ discouraged, we quickly turned it into an opportunity for exploration instead of seeing it as a ___28___. We came across little towns we’d never heard of before — each with its own charm and character. Finally arriving at our ___29___ destinations — an extremely attractive national park — we were greeted by breathtaking views of towering mountains ____30____ on glassy lakes. The ____31____ was undoubtedly our hike up Pine Ridge Trail, which challenged us physically but ____32____ us with views that took our breath away. This adventure ____33____ not only as an escape from daily pressures but also a chance to accept uncertainty rather than ____34____ it: sometimes getting lost opens doors that you didn’t even know ____35____! 21. A. hit B. fix C. cross D. block 22. A. dropped B. looked C. piled D. knocked 23. A. snow B. stars C. fog D. clouds 24. A. melted away B. turned up C. pulled in D. showed off 25. A. hope B. dream C. daylight D. nightfall 26. A. schedule B. approach C. opportunity D. challenge 27. A. Finally B. Naturally C. Gradually D. Originally 28. A. takeover B. setback C. checkout D. backup 29. A. hidden B. promised C. intended D. rejected 30. A. standing B. rolling C. drawn D. reflected 31. A. highlight B. routine C. adventure D. shelter 32. A. impacted B. rewarded C. charged D. equipped 33. A. served B. passed C. ranked D. doubled 34. A. hold on to B. live up to C. put up with D. shy away from 35. A. mattered B. existed C. proved D. disappeared 第二节 语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） A 阅读下面两篇短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Known as a unique type of porcelain (瓷器), Linglong porcelain is one of the four distinguished traditional porcelains from Jingdezhen, often  ____36____ (refer) to as the “city of porcelain” in East China's Jiangxi Province. Unlike ordinary porcelain, Linglong porcelain is made by carving tiny holes into the body, which are then filled with a special glaze (釉). With changes to the glaze materials, the porcelain shines more and shows greater artistic and practical value. Since Linglong porcelain was hard to make, the number of pieces ____37____ (survive) over time was quite small. In the past decade, thanks to modern technology, machines ____38____ (employ) to do some tasks like carving and painting, reducing physical work. ____39____ (Hopeful), intangible cultural heritage will reach every home, with more people enjoying its beauty at an affordable price. Besides bringing such heritage into young people’s daily life, drawing global attention to Linglong porcelain ____40____ highlighting its rich beauty have become another goal. B 阅读下面两篇短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In a previous research, Chinese scientists analyzing lunar soil samples ___41___ (make) a groundbreaking discovery: water was found along with minerals in the soil. Finding water on the moon is not new. NASA and Indian spacecraft have spotted what they believe to be water on the surface. But according to the scientists, it is the first time that water in its molecular (分子的) form, H2O, has been found in real samples — and, importantly, it came from a place on the moon ___42___ they had thought water couldn’t exist. Researchers examined samples from China’s 2020 Chang’e-5 probe, and found a small transparent crystal, about the ___43___ (wide) of a human hair, named ULM-1. It was a new lunar mineral. The ULM-1 crystal contains around 41% water, ___44___ ammonia (氨气) helping H2O stay stable during wild temperature changes. This kind of water may help support future life on the moon. The scientists wrote that the discovery will ___45___ (far) improve our understanding of the moon’s surface and its chemical changes. 第四部分 课内知识（共三节，满分25分） 第一节（共7小题; 每小题1分，满分7分） 根据语境，选择框中单词替换句中划线部分的单词或短语，使之意思一致。 A. faint B. launching C. provided for D. virtues E. tailored F. bringing about G. chains 46. One of his good moral qualities is that he never gets angry with his students even if he is thought ill of by them. 47. The detective found some unclear footprints in the mud, hardly visible to the naked eye. 48. Globalization has had a huge impact on people all around the world, contributing to the international communication and cooperation. 49. The artist shook off the limitations of traditional thoughts, publishing a series of creative works of art. 50. Li Ning decided to compete with global giants like Nike and Adidas bringing a new brand of sportswear to market. 51. He won a Best Actor award for a film role that had been specially made to fit well for him. 52. I wondered how he supported a family of five on 1,000 yuan a month? 第二节 （共8小题; 每小题1分，满分8分） 根据语境，选择下框中的单词或短语，必要时用正确的形式填空。框中有两个为多余的单词或者短语。 fold permit flexible broad lack claim argue in memory of in response to trip over 53. The CEO manages his busy schedule ________, allowing his employees to better balance work and life. 54. ________ rising pollution, the mayor proposed new policies to sharply reduce industrial emissions. 55. Please remove the fallen branches from the road, or people ________ them and get hurt by them. 56. His arms ________ across his chest, the teacher stood at the front of the classroom, silently observing the students as they worked on their exams. 57. A man ________ himself to be a journalist threatened to uncover details about her illegal trade with foreigners online. 58. Anny described how she got into a heated ________ with one of the defenders at the court. 59. ________ her knowledge, she signed up for online courses about AI so that she could have more choices for jobs in the future. 60. If ________ to bring mobile phones into class, some students may be addicted to playing with their phones rather than focusing on their study. 第三节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) 翻译: 81-83题按括号中的要求进行汉译英，84-85题进行英译汉。 61. 傍晚时，一阵大风把我刮到了海上。第二天早晨，一艘船发现了我。(find复合结构) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 62. 不到六个月，她就成了住院主任医师，而升任这一职位通常需要四年时间。（同位语）(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 63. 这里有众多美丽的古建筑——不少坐落于大山之巅, 城市、大海和金门大桥美景尽收眼底。(独立主格结构+doing) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 64. These words of Dr Lin Qiaozhi give us a look into the heart of this amazing woman, and what carried her through a life of hard choices. (英译汉) 65. Despite the difficulties, scientists hope to make more valuable discoveries that will enable the human race to survive well into the future. (英译汉) ________________________________________________________________ 第五部分 写作（满分25分） 66. 假定你是李华，你将代表你校参加一次主题为“Morals and Virtues”的英语演讲赛。请你撰写一篇演讲稿，描述自己的一次善举，并结合这件事谈谈你对儒家思想之“仁”的看法。注意： 1.写作词数应为100左右(已给的句子不加入总字数); 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 3.参考词汇：儒家思想  Confucianism;  仁kindness Hello, everyone! My name is Li Hua. It’s an honor to share my understanding of “kindness” in Confucianism through a personal experience. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you for listening! 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$