Unit 2 Section 3 For Better Performance and Around the World（PPT课件+Word版）-【创新教程】2025-2026学年中职英语拓展模块同步教案（外研版2021）

Section 3　Grammar in Use Unit 2　It's Always Nice to Be Polite 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　It's Always Nice to Be Polite 英语拓展模块（WY） 语法 探究突破 01 课后 素养提升 02 Unit 2　It's Always Nice to Be Polite 英语拓展模块（WY） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　It's Always Nice to Be Polite 英语拓展模块（WY） 语法 探究突破 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　It's Always Nice to Be Polite 英语拓展模块（WY） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　It's Always Nice to Be Polite 英语拓展模块（WY） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　It's Always Nice to Be Polite 英语拓展模块（WY） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　It's Always Nice to Be Polite 英语拓展模块（WY） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　It's Always Nice to Be Polite 英语拓展模块（WY） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　It's Always Nice to Be Polite 英语拓展模块（WY） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　It's Always Nice to Be Polite 英语拓展模块（WY） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　It's Always Nice to Be Polite 英语拓展模块（WY） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　It's Always Nice to Be Polite 英语拓展模块（WY） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　It's Always Nice to Be Polite 英语拓展模块（WY） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　It's Always Nice to Be Polite 英语拓展模块（WY） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　It's Always Nice to Be Polite 英语拓展模块（WY） 下一页 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Always Nice to Be Polite 英语拓展模块（WY） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　It's Always Nice to Be Polite 英语拓展模块（WY） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　It's Always Nice to Be Polite 英语拓展模块（WY） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　It's Always Nice to Be Polite 英语拓展模块（WY） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　It's Always Nice to Be Polite 英语拓展模块（WY） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　It's Always Nice to Be Polite 英语拓展模块（WY） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　It's Always Nice to Be Polite 英语拓展模块（WY） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　It's Always Nice to Be Polite 英语拓展模块（WY） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　It's Always Nice to Be Polite 英语拓展模块（WY） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　It's Always Nice to Be Polite 英语拓展模块（WY） 状语从句 1．结果状语从句 常见连接词：so, so that, so... that，such...that 注意： ①当so...that引导结果状语从句时，so的后面只能跟形容词或者副词。 She worked so hard that she passed the interview. 她工作很努力，所以通过了面试。 ②当such...that引导结果状语从句时，such的后面只能跟名词或名词短语。 It is such an interesting book that I want to see it again. 这是一本如此有趣的书，我想再看一遍。 ③当名词被表示数量的many，much，few，little等修饰时，连接词要用so...that。 There are so many people in the hall that it's hard for me to find him. 大厅里有那么多人，我很难找到他。 ④结果状语从句中，such＋a/an＋形容词＋名词＝so＋形容词＋a/an＋名词。 Jenny is such a clever girl that all of us like her very much. 珍妮是一个非常聪明的女孩，我们都很喜欢她。 意思等同于：Jenny is so clever a girl that all of us like her very much. 2．比较状语从句 常见连接词：as，than，the more...the more 注意： ①比较状语从句一般分为同级之间的比较和不同级之间的比较。 同级之间比较用as，不同级之间比较用than。 He is as strong as an ox.他像牛一样强壮。 The test is more difficult than I expected it to be. 这次考试比我预料的要难。 ②as和than引导的比较状语从句中，通常会出现从句省去和主句相同部分的情况。 She has passed the test earlier than (it has been) expected. 她比预期的更早通过了考试。 3．方式状语从句 常见连接词：as，as if，the way，as though等 时态：由as if, as though引导的从句，时态取决于说话者对所谈内容的态度。 注意： ①as if 和as though引导方式状语从句的时候，用虚拟语气。 虚拟语气表示一种假设，是说话者的主观意愿或者猜想。 If I were a fish, I would be able to swim in the river. 如果我是一条鱼，我就能在河里游泳。 ②方式状语从句中有一种固定的句型：As A is to B，so C is to D。 As water is to fish, so air is to bird. 鸟离不开空气，鱼离不开水。 4．目的状语从句 常见连接词：so that，in order that，in case等。 时态：目的状语从句一般都是用以补充主句中的谓语动词发生的目的。由于目的都是未来的行为，所以从句中一般用表示未来可能性的时态。 注意： ①目的状语从句中常会出现may，can，should，would等情态动词。 ②in order to 后接动词原形，作目的状语。而in order that 后接从句，作目的状语从句。 We used the computer in order that we can save time. 我们使用电脑是为了节省时间。 We used the computer to save time. 我们用电脑来节省时间。 ③ in order that 和 so that 的区别在于：so that不可以位于句首，而in order that 可以。 另外，so as to也不可以位于句首。 In order that I could be in time for the test, I got up early. 为了能及时参加考试，我起得很早。 5．让步状语从句 常见连接词：though，although，even if，as，while，even though，no matter等。 时态：让步状语从句遵从“主将从现”的时态规则，这里的“现”不仅仅指一般现在时，也有时候是现在完成时。 注意： ①一般情况，although和though可以互换。其中，although多位于句首。 ②although，though不能与but连用，但是可以与yet，still，nevertheless连用。 yet常出现在否定句或者疑问句中。 Although she treats me coldly，yet I will trust her. 虽然她对我冷淡，但我仍然信任她。 ③as引导让步状语从句时，句子常作倒装形式。 Queen as she is，she is unhappy. 虽然她是王后，但她并不快乐。 ④while引导让步状语从句时，只能放于句首，意思和although一致。 While she loves her son, she is strict to him. 虽然她爱她的儿子，但她对他很严格。 ⑤当用whether...or...来连接让步状语从句时，前后所说必须是两个相反的事物。 Whether he passes or fails, this is his last chance. 不管他通过还是失败，这都是他最后的机会。 6．时间状语从句 常见连接词：when, whenever, while, as, before, after, until, till, by the time, as soon as (一……就), hardly...when (一……就), no sooner...than (一……就), the moment, the minute, immediately, directly, instantly等 注意： 主句表示将来意义时，从句用一般现在时；while引导的从句中动词一般是延续性的；until用在肯定句中主句动词是延续性的，用在否定句中主句动词是短暂性的。 ►引导时间状语从句的when，while和as。 (1)when意为“当……的时候”；引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词可以是延续性动词，也可以是短暂性动词。 Why do you want a new job when you've got such a good one already？(get为短暂性动词) 你已经找到如此好的工作，为何还想再找新的？ 注意常考的句型： ①be about to do...when＝be on the point of doing...when...正要做……这时突然 ②be doing...when...正在做……这时突然 ③had just done...when 刚做完……这时突然 (2)while 意为“当……的时候”；引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词只能是延续性动词。 注意： while还可以作并列连词表示“但是，然而”，表示两种情况对比；也可引导让步状语从句表“尽管，虽然”。 Strike while the iron is hot.(is为延续性动词，表示一种持续的状态)趁热打铁。 (3)as 意为“一边……一边……；当……的时候；随着”； 引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词只能是延续性动词， 但侧重强调主、从句动作同点或同段进行。 The students took notes as they listened.(listen为延续性动词) 学生们边听课边做笔记。 注意： as还可以引导原因状从句表“因为，由于”和让步状语从句表“尽管，虽然”，具体用法见后。 7．原因状语从句 常见连接词：because, as, since, now that (既然) 注意： because语气最强；since较弱，表示大家都明了的原因，as次之。 ►引导原因状语从句的because, as 和since。 (1) because语气最强，用来说明人所不知的原因，回答why提出的问题。当原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知，就用as或 since。 I didn't go, because I was ill at that time. 我没有去，因为我那时病了。 (2)由because引导的从句如果放在句末，且前面有逗号，则可以用for来代替。但如果不是说明直接原因，而是多种情况加以推断，就只能用for。 He is absent today, because/for he is ill. 他今天缺席了，因为他病了。 8．条件状语从句 (1)常见引导词：if, unless，on condition that，as/so long as, only if，in case ①if if可以引导真实条件句和非真实条件句： 在引导真实条件句时，其引导的事件是可能真实发生的，例如： If everyone obeys the traffic rules, the roads will be much safer. 如果每个人都遵守交通规则，道路会安全得多。 在引导非真实条件句时，其引导的事件是与现实不同的，因此需要使用虚拟语气，例如： If I were you, I would invite him. 如果我是你，我就邀请他。 ②unless 这个引导词表示“除非”的含义，unless 也可以译为“如果不”，也就是说 unless 在含义上等同于 if not； 因此，if 引导的否定句可以转换成unless 引导的肯定句，例如： We will be late if we do not hurry. 如果我们不快点，就要迟到了。 等同于：We will be late unless we hurry. (2)条件状语从句还有一些特殊引导词： ①on condition that 这一复合引导词也表示“如果”的含义，例如： He says he will accept your offer on condition that you are sincere. 他说如果你是真诚的，他会接受你的提议。 ②as/so long as, only if 这组复合引导词表示“只要”的含义，例如： You can go to London as long as you have passport. 只要你有护照就可以去伦敦。 ③in case 这一引导词在引导条件状语从句时也表示“如果”的含义，但一般这一用法适用于美语； 在英语中，in case 用于引导目的状语从句表示“以防”“以免”的含义，需要用到虚拟语气。 You probably won't need to call—but take my number, just in case. 你很可能无需打电话，不过还是记下我的电话号码吧，以防万一。 Ⅰ.用适当的连接词填空 1．He worked so hard 　that 　he had better results. 2．It was 　such　 fine weather that they all went shopping. 3．　In case　 I forget, please remind me about it. 4．　Although/While/Though　 the sun was shining，it wasn't very warm. 5．He was about to shut the door 　when　 an idea came to him. 6．　Now that/Since　 you're a reader, you have another way to learn words. 7．　As long as　 you're happy, that's all that matters. 8．The president could face a rough ride 　unless　 the plan works. Ⅱ.完成句子 1．She burned the letters 　so that her husband would never read them　. 她把信烧掉了，这样她丈夫就永远看不见了。 2．　As long as you have your health　，nothing else matters. 只要身体健康，其他任何事都无关紧要。 3．　It was such a fine day that　 nobody wanted to stay at home. 天气这么好，没有人愿意待在家里不出去。 4．She paused significantly 　before she answered　. 她在回答之前意味深长地停顿了一下。 5．The garage said the car was 　so old that it wasn't worth repairing　. 汽修厂认为汽车太旧，不值得修理。 $$ Ⅰ.完成句子 1．　It was so cold that　 we were able to go skating on the lake. 天气极冷，我们能到湖上去滑冰了。 2．They brought her meat 　so that she never went hungry　. 他们给她带来了肉，这样她就再也不用挨饿了。 3．　As long as we pull together　， success must belong to us. 只要我们齐心协力，就能获得成功。 4．　Now that she understood　， her anger faded away. 既然她明白了，她的怒气就消了。 5．You'd better take the keys 　in case I'm out　. 你最好带上钥匙以防我不在家。 6．　Although/Though/While I was only six　， I can remember seeing it on TV. 虽然当时我只有6岁，我还能记得在电视上看见过它。 7．　As soon as he got home　， the phone rang. 他一到家，电话就响了。 8．He continued working up 　until his death　. 他一直工作到去世。 Ⅱ.单项选择 1．Mr Smith has a habit of taking a shower　________　 he has breakfast. A．though　　　　　 B．before C．because D．since 2．　________　 it is often cold in the mountains, you need to wear warm clothes. A．Though B．Unless C．As D．Until 3．You will see many aunts dancing together on the square if it　________　in the evening. A．doesn't rain B．rains C．will rain D．won't rain 4．　________　my cousin is very young, 　________　 she can help with the housework. A．Once; / B．Though; but C．Although; / D．As; but 5．Kate's dad is getting old.She will go back home to see him　________　 it is convenient. A．because B．whenever C．although D．unless 6．We didn't enjoy the day　________　the weather was so bad. A．because B．though C．unless D．till 7．Miss Lin has taught us English　________　we came to this school. A．for B．since C．before D．when 8．One important aim of our school is to prepare us for the future　________　 we can face all the challenges with confidence. A．so far B．so that C．even if D．if only 9．The rivers will become dirtier and dirtier　________　 we take action to protect them. A．since B．if C．until D．unless 10．You can use English or Chinese　________　 you travel in Singapore. A．whether B．whatever C．where D．if 答案：1－5　BCACB　6－10　ABBDD Ⅲ.阅读理解 A Travelling to every part of the world gets easier, but how well do we know and understand each other? Here's a simple test.Imagine you are planning to hold a meeting at four o'clock.At what time should you expect your foreign business friends to arrive? If they are Germans, they'll arrive on time.If they are Americans, they'll probably be 15 minutes early.If they are Englishmen, they'll be 15 minutes late, and you should allow up to an hour for the Italians. The British seemed to think since the English language was widely used in the world, people would always understand what they do.However, they found they were completely wrong.For example, the British are happy to have a business lunch and discuss business matters and have a drink during the meal.The Japanese prefer not to work while eating.Lunch is a time for them to relax and get to know each other and they don't drink at lunchtime.The Germans like to talk business before dinner.The French like to eat first and talk afterwards.They have to be well fed and watered before they discuss anything. [语篇解读]　本文以开会和吃饭为例，说明了各国，尤其是美国、英国、日本、德国等国风俗习惯上的差别。 1．What do the Germans prefer when they go to a meeting? A．They prefer to be on time. B．They prefer to arrive very early. C．They prefer to arrive very late. D．They prefer to arrive a little late. 解析：A　[细节理解题。根据第一段第五句可知，德国人更喜欢准时到达。] 2．According to the text, if a group of Englishmen, Americans and Italians hold a meeting, who will be the last to arrive? A．The Englishmen. B．The Americans. C．The Italians. D．Both the Englishmen and the Italians. 解析：C　[细节理解题。从第一段内容可知，德国人会准时到达，美国人会早到15分钟，英国人会晚到15分钟，而意大利人会晚到一个小时。] 3．What do the Japanese like to do at lunchtime? A．To drink. B．To get to know each other. C．To talk business. D．To play cards only. 解析：B　[细节理解题。根据第二段第四、五句可知，日本人的午餐时间是用来放松的，而且他们往往利用这个机会来认识对方。] 4．According to the writer, the British like to 　________　 during a meal. A．arrive on time and talk business B．arrive earliest and hate talking business C．arrive 15 minutes late and talk business D．arrive a few minutes late and hate discussing business 解析：C　[细节理解题。从第一段最后一句可知，英国人往往在开会的时候晚到15分钟；从第二段第三句可知，他们往往是在吃饭的时候谈生意。] 5．By giving us the examples, the writer wants to show us that 　________　. A．different countries have different cultures in different parts of the world B．the Germans are more serious and have good living habits C．the Italians are careless people and they are never on time for everything D．the French people are very lazy.They prefer eating and drinking more 解析：A　[主旨大意题。文章分别以“开会”和“吃饭”为例阐述了不同国家的风俗习惯。] B Very often we face situations which make us nervous, fearful, or uncomfortable.It may happen in class when we are being punished (批评) by the teachers or at home when we are being questioned by an elder.These are very bad for us. If you remember the following simple things, you will find that such situations become a lot easier for you to do with. Take a look at the problem and try to find out what it is that really scares you.Don't make them out to be worse than they are. Write out your fears on a piece of paper.Some may seem really unimportant once you see them in writing. Think for yourself, but never throw away a valuable opinion if you are offered one by an elder. Before you say something hurriedly, think it over in your mind.Remember, “Words once spoken can never be taken back.” If you are to meet someone for an interview, try to gather some information about the person or institution 　before_hand　.You could get such information from books and the Internet.Knowledge always makes you feel much more confident. Read something inspiring, listen to some music, and share a joke with a friend. Be relaxed and smile! That will make it much easier. [语篇解读]　传递正能量，引爆小宇宙。每个人都会遇到紧张、恐惧和不安，怎么解决这些问题呢？本文给出了一些充满正能量的答案。 6．Danny are questioned by his parents, he may get 　________　. A．excited　　　　　 B．happy C．uncomfortable D．proud 解析：C　[推理判断题。由第一段可推知，当一个人被父母质问的时候，肯定会感到不舒服。] 7．Why should we write out our fears on a piece of paper? A．Because it may make us less unhappy. B．Because it can make us do some exercise. C．Because we are being punished. D．Because the fears are very bad for us. 解析：A　[细节理解题。由第四段可知，把自己的恐惧写在纸上，通过分析也许能使我们减少不愉快的感觉。] 8．What's the meaning of the underlined phrase “before hand” in Chinese? A．在手心里 B．事先；预先 C．当下 D．眼前 解析：B　[词义猜测题。收集有关人或机构的资料是采访前的工作，由此推出before hand的意思是“事先；预先”。] 9．How many pieces of advice does the passage give us? A．Five. B．Six. C．Seven. D．Eight. 解析：C　[细节理解题。通读全文可知，本文共给了七条建议。] 10．What's the purpose of the author writing the passage? A．We should be relaxed and smile. B．We often feel nervous, fearful, or uncomfortable. C．Give us some advice on how to make us less uncomfortable. D．Ask us to read something inspiring. 解析：C　[主旨大意题。本文的主要内容是作者给出的七条建议，由此推出C项最符合作者的意图。] Ⅳ.书面表达 假如你是李华，你们学校为配合创建文明城市，倡导人人都做文明中学生。请你根据以下提示，给你的英国笔友Peter写一封邮件，描叙一下你心中的文明中学生应该是怎样的，并告诉他你的感受。 注意：1.词数80－120； 2．文中不能出现真实的校名和人名； 3．邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Peter， How is it going？At my school we're talking about what we should do to be civilized(文明的)middle school students. ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Anything new at your school? Yours， Li Hua [参考范文] 　_Dear_Peter，　 　How_is_it_going?_At_my_school_we're_talking__about_what_we_should_do_to_be_civilized(文明)middle__school_students.　 First, I think being a middle school student，we should be polite to our teachers at school.We should respect our teachers and say hello to them when we meet them. Second, we should be helpful to our classmates.For example, when they have some trouble in learning, we can help them as much as possible and answer their questions with a smile. Last, we should follow the school rules.We are supposed to go to school on time.When we have meals or wait for the school bus, we should wait in line and offer the seats to the younger students.If we have something else important to do and can't come to school, be sure to call our teachers ahead. If all of us obey the rules, we'll be happy to study and make great progress soon. 　_Anything_new_at_your_school？　 　Yours，　 　Li_Hua　 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Section 3　Grammar in Use 状语从句 1．结果状语从句 常见连接词：so, so that, so... that，such...that 注意： ①当so...that引导结果状语从句时，so的后面只能跟形容词或者副词。 She worked so hard that she passed the interview. 她工作很努力，所以通过了面试。 ②当such...that引导结果状语从句时，such的后面只能跟名词或名词短语。 It is such an interesting book that I want to see it again. 这是一本如此有趣的书，我想再看一遍。 ③当名词被表示数量的many，much，few，little等修饰时，连接词要用so...that。 There are so many people in the hall that it's hard for me to find him. 大厅里有那么多人，我很难找到他。 ④结果状语从句中，such＋a/an＋形容词＋名词＝so＋形容词＋a/an＋名词。 Jenny is such a clever girl that all of us like her very much. 珍妮是一个非常聪明的女孩，我们都很喜欢她。 意思等同于：Jenny is so clever a girl that all of us like her very much. 2．比较状语从句 常见连接词：as，than，the more...the more 注意： ①比较状语从句一般分为同级之间的比较和不同级之间的比较。 同级之间比较用as，不同级之间比较用than。 He is as strong as an ox.他像牛一样强壮。 The test is more difficult than I expected it to be. 这次考试比我预料的要难。 ②as和than引导的比较状语从句中，通常会出现从句省去和主句相同部分的情况。 She has passed the test earlier than (it has been) expected. 她比预期的更早通过了考试。 3．方式状语从句 常见连接词：as，as if，the way，as though等 时态：由as if, as though引导的从句，时态取决于说话者对所谈内容的态度。 注意： ①as if 和as though引导方式状语从句的时候，用虚拟语气。 虚拟语气表示一种假设，是说话者的主观意愿或者猜想。 If I were a fish, I would be able to swim in the river. 如果我是一条鱼，我就能在河里游泳。 ②方式状语从句中有一种固定的句型：As A is to B，so C is to D。 As water is to fish, so air is to bird. 鸟离不开空气，鱼离不开水。 4．目的状语从句 常见连接词：so that，in order that，in case等。 时态：目的状语从句一般都是用以补充主句中的谓语动词发生的目的。由于目的都是未来的行为，所以从句中一般用表示未来可能性的时态。 注意： ①目的状语从句中常会出现may，can，should，would等情态动词。 ②in order to 后接动词原形，作目的状语。而in order that 后接从句，作目的状语从句。 We used the computer in order that we can save time. 我们使用电脑是为了节省时间。 We used the computer to save time. 我们用电脑来节省时间。 ③ in order that 和 so that 的区别在于：so that不可以位于句首，而in order that 可以。 另外，so as to也不可以位于句首。 In order that I could be in time for the test, I got up early. 为了能及时参加考试，我起得很早。 5．让步状语从句 常见连接词：though，although，even if，as，while，even though，no matter等。 时态：让步状语从句遵从“主将从现”的时态规则，这里的“现”不仅仅指一般现在时，也有时候是现在完成时。 注意： ①一般情况，although和though可以互换。其中，although多位于句首。 ②although，though不能与but连用，但是可以与yet，still，nevertheless连用。 yet常出现在否定句或者疑问句中。 Although she treats me coldly，yet I will trust her. 虽然她对我冷淡，但我仍然信任她。 ③as引导让步状语从句时，句子常作倒装形式。 Queen as she is，she is unhappy. 虽然她是王后，但她并不快乐。 ④while引导让步状语从句时，只能放于句首，意思和although一致。 While she loves her son, she is strict to him. 虽然她爱她的儿子，但她对他很严格。 ⑤当用whether...or...来连接让步状语从句时，前后所说必须是两个相反的事物。 Whether he passes or fails, this is his last chance. 不管他通过还是失败，这都是他最后的机会。 6．时间状语从句 常见连接词：when, whenever, while, as, before, after, until, till, by the time, as soon as (一……就), hardly...when (一……就), no sooner...than (一……就), the moment, the minute, immediately, directly, instantly等 注意： 主句表示将来意义时，从句用一般现在时；while引导的从句中动词一般是延续性的；until用在肯定句中主句动词是延续性的，用在否定句中主句动词是短暂性的。 ►引导时间状语从句的when，while和as。 (1)when意为“当……的时候”；引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词可以是延续性动词，也可以是短暂性动词。 Why do you want a new job when you've got such a good one already？(get为短暂性动词) 你已经找到如此好的工作，为何还想再找新的？ 注意常考的句型： ①be about to do...when＝be on the point of doing...when...正要做……这时突然 ②be doing...when...正在做……这时突然 ③had just done...when 刚做完……这时突然 (2)while 意为“当……的时候”；引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词只能是延续性动词。 注意： while还可以作并列连词表示“但是，然而”，表示两种情况对比；也可引导让步状语从句表“尽管，虽然”。 Strike while the iron is hot.(is为延续性动词，表示一种持续的状态)趁热打铁。 (3)as 意为“一边……一边……；当……的时候；随着”； 引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词只能是延续性动词， 但侧重强调主、从句动作同点或同段进行。 The students took notes as they listened.(listen为延续性动词) 学生们边听课边做笔记。 注意： as还可以引导原因状从句表“因为，由于”和让步状语从句表“尽管，虽然”，具体用法见后。 7．原因状语从句 常见连接词：because, as, since, now that (既然) 注意： because语气最强；since较弱，表示大家都明了的原因，as次之。 ►引导原因状语从句的because, as 和since。 (1) because语气最强，用来说明人所不知的原因，回答why提出的问题。当原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知，就用as或 since。 I didn't go, because I was ill at that time. 我没有去，因为我那时病了。 (2)由because引导的从句如果放在句末，且前面有逗号，则可以用for来代替。但如果不是说明直接原因，而是多种情况加以推断，就只能用for。 He is absent today, because/for he is ill. 他今天缺席了，因为他病了。 8．条件状语从句 (1)常见引导词：if, unless，on condition that，as/so long as, only if，in case ①if if可以引导真实条件句和非真实条件句： 在引导真实条件句时，其引导的事件是可能真实发生的，例如： If everyone obeys the traffic rules, the roads will be much safer. 如果每个人都遵守交通规则，道路会安全得多。 在引导非真实条件句时，其引导的事件是与现实不同的，因此需要使用虚拟语气，例如： If I were you, I would invite him. 如果我是你，我就邀请他。 ②unless 这个引导词表示“除非”的含义，unless 也可以译为“如果不”，也就是说 unless 在含义上等同于 if not； 因此，if 引导的否定句可以转换成unless 引导的肯定句，例如： We will be late if we do not hurry. 如果我们不快点，就要迟到了。 等同于：We will be late unless we hurry. (2)条件状语从句还有一些特殊引导词： ①on condition that 这一复合引导词也表示“如果”的含义，例如： He says he will accept your offer on condition that you are sincere. 他说如果你是真诚的，他会接受你的提议。 ②as/so long as, only if 这组复合引导词表示“只要”的含义，例如： You can go to London as long as you have passport. 只要你有护照就可以去伦敦。 ③in case 这一引导词在引导条件状语从句时也表示“如果”的含义，但一般这一用法适用于美语； 在英语中，in case 用于引导目的状语从句表示“以防”“以免”的含义，需要用到虚拟语气。 You probably won't need to call—but take my number, just in case. 你很可能无需打电话，不过还是记下我的电话号码吧，以防万一。 Ⅰ.用适当的连接词填空 1．He worked so hard 　that 　he had better results. 2．It was 　such　 fine weather that they all went shopping. 3．　In case　 I forget, please remind me about it. 4．　Although/While/Though　 the sun was shining，it wasn't very warm. 5．He was about to shut the door 　when　 an idea came to him. 6．　Now that/Since　 you're a reader, you have another way to learn words. 7．　As long as　 you're happy, that's all that matters. 8．The president could face a rough ride 　unless　 the plan works. Ⅱ.完成句子 1．She burned the letters 　so that her husband would never read them　. 她把信烧掉了，这样她丈夫就永远看不见了。 2．　As long as you have your health　，nothing else matters. 只要身体健康，其他任何事都无关紧要。 3．　It was such a fine day that　 nobody wanted to stay at home. 天气这么好，没有人愿意待在家里不出去。 4．She paused significantly 　before she answered　. 她在回答之前意味深长地停顿了一下。 5．The garage said the car was 　so old that it wasn't worth repairing　. 汽修厂认为汽车太旧，不值得修理。 Ⅰ.完成句子 1．　It was so cold that　 we were able to go skating on the lake. 天气极冷，我们能到湖上去滑冰了。 2．They brought her meat 　so that she never went hungry　. 他们给她带来了肉，这样她就再也不用挨饿了。 3．　As long as we pull together　， success must belong to us. 只要我们齐心协力，就能获得成功。 4．　Now that she understood　， her anger faded away. 既然她明白了，她的怒气就消了。 5．You'd better take the keys 　in case I'm out　. 你最好带上钥匙以防我不在家。 6．　Although/Though/While I was only six　， I can remember seeing it on TV. 虽然当时我只有6岁，我还能记得在电视上看见过它。 7．　As soon as he got home　， the phone rang. 他一到家，电话就响了。 8．He continued working up 　until his death　. 他一直工作到去世。 Ⅱ.单项选择 1．Mr Smith has a habit of taking a shower　________　 he has breakfast. A．though　　　　　 B．before C．because D．since 2．　________　 it is often cold in the mountains, you need to wear warm clothes. A．Though B．Unless C．As D．Until 3．You will see many aunts dancing together on the square if it　________　in the evening. A．doesn't rain B．rains C．will rain D．won't rain 4．　________　my cousin is very young, 　________　 she can help with the housework. A．Once; / B．Though; but C．Although; / D．As; but 5．Kate's dad is getting old.She will go back home to see him　________　 it is convenient. A．because B．whenever C．although D．unless 6．We didn't enjoy the day　________　the weather was so bad. A．because B．though C．unless D．till 7．Miss Lin has taught us English　________　we came to this school. A．for B．since C．before D．when 8．One important aim of our school is to prepare us for the future　________　 we can face all the challenges with confidence. A．so far B．so that C．even if D．if only 9．The rivers will become dirtier and dirtier　________　 we take action to protect them. A．since B．if C．until D．unless 10．You can use English or Chinese　________　 you travel in Singapore. A．whether B．whatever C．where D．if 答案：1－5　BCACB　6－10　ABBDD Ⅲ.阅读理解 A Travelling to every part of the world gets easier, but how well do we know and understand each other? Here's a simple test.Imagine you are planning to hold a meeting at four o'clock.At what time should you expect your foreign business friends to arrive? If they are Germans, they'll arrive on time.If they are Americans, they'll probably be 15 minutes early.If they are Englishmen, they'll be 15 minutes late, and you should allow up to an hour for the Italians. The British seemed to think since the English language was widely used in the world, people would always understand what they do.However, they found they were completely wrong.For example, the British are happy to have a business lunch and discuss business matters and have a drink during the meal.The Japanese prefer not to work while eating.Lunch is a time for them to relax and get to know each other and they don't drink at lunchtime.The Germans like to talk business before dinner.The French like to eat first and talk afterwards.They have to be well fed and watered before they discuss anything. [语篇解读]　本文以开会和吃饭为例，说明了各国，尤其是美国、英国、日本、德国等国风俗习惯上的差别。 1．What do the Germans prefer when they go to a meeting? A．They prefer to be on time. B．They prefer to arrive very early. C．They prefer to arrive very late. D．They prefer to arrive a little late. 解析：A　[细节理解题。根据第一段第五句可知，德国人更喜欢准时到达。] 2．According to the text, if a group of Englishmen, Americans and Italians hold a meeting, who will be the last to arrive? A．The Englishmen. B．The Americans. C．The Italians. D．Both the Englishmen and the Italians. 解析：C　[细节理解题。从第一段内容可知，德国人会准时到达，美国人会早到15分钟，英国人会晚到15分钟，而意大利人会晚到一个小时。] 3．What do the Japanese like to do at lunchtime? A．To drink. B．To get to know each other. C．To talk business. D．To play cards only. 解析：B　[细节理解题。根据第二段第四、五句可知，日本人的午餐时间是用来放松的，而且他们往往利用这个机会来认识对方。] 4．According to the writer, the British like to 　________　 during a meal. A．arrive on time and talk business B．arrive earliest and hate talking business C．arrive 15 minutes late and talk business D．arrive a few minutes late and hate discussing business 解析：C　[细节理解题。从第一段最后一句可知，英国人往往在开会的时候晚到15分钟；从第二段第三句可知，他们往往是在吃饭的时候谈生意。] 5．By giving us the examples, the writer wants to show us that 　________　. A．different countries have different cultures in different parts of the world B．the Germans are more serious and have good living habits C．the Italians are careless people and they are never on time for everything D．the French people are very lazy.They prefer eating and drinking more 解析：A　[主旨大意题。文章分别以“开会”和“吃饭”为例阐述了不同国家的风俗习惯。] B Very often we face situations which make us nervous, fearful, or uncomfortable.It may happen in class when we are being punished (批评) by the teachers or at home when we are being questioned by an elder.These are very bad for us. If you remember the following simple things, you will find that such situations become a lot easier for you to do with. Take a look at the problem and try to find out what it is that really scares you.Don't make them out to be worse than they are. Write out your fears on a piece of paper.Some may seem really unimportant once you see them in writing. Think for yourself, but never throw away a valuable opinion if you are offered one by an elder. Before you say something hurriedly, think it over in your mind.Remember, “Words once spoken can never be taken back.” If you are to meet someone for an interview, try to gather some information about the person or institution 　before_hand　.You could get such information from books and the Internet.Knowledge always makes you feel much more confident. Read something inspiring, listen to some music, and share a joke with a friend. Be relaxed and smile! That will make it much easier. [语篇解读]　传递正能量，引爆小宇宙。每个人都会遇到紧张、恐惧和不安，怎么解决这些问题呢？本文给出了一些充满正能量的答案。 6．Danny are questioned by his parents, he may get 　________　. A．excited　　　　　 B．happy C．uncomfortable D．proud 解析：C　[推理判断题。由第一段可推知，当一个人被父母质问的时候，肯定会感到不舒服。] 7．Why should we write out our fears on a piece of paper? A．Because it may make us less unhappy. B．Because it can make us do some exercise. C．Because we are being punished. D．Because the fears are very bad for us. 解析：A　[细节理解题。由第四段可知，把自己的恐惧写在纸上，通过分析也许能使我们减少不愉快的感觉。] 8．What's the meaning of the underlined phrase “before hand” in Chinese? A．在手心里 B．事先；预先 C．当下 D．眼前 解析：B　[词义猜测题。收集有关人或机构的资料是采访前的工作，由此推出before hand的意思是“事先；预先”。] 9．How many pieces of advice does the passage give us? A．Five. B．Six. C．Seven. D．Eight. 解析：C　[细节理解题。通读全文可知，本文共给了七条建议。] 10．What's the purpose of the author writing the passage? A．We should be relaxed and smile. B．We often feel nervous, fearful, or uncomfortable. C．Give us some advice on how to make us less uncomfortable. D．Ask us to read something inspiring. 解析：C　[主旨大意题。本文的主要内容是作者给出的七条建议，由此推出C项最符合作者的意图。] Ⅳ.书面表达 假如你是李华，你们学校为配合创建文明城市，倡导人人都做文明中学生。请你根据以下提示，给你的英国笔友Peter写一封邮件，描叙一下你心中的文明中学生应该是怎样的，并告诉他你的感受。 注意：1.词数80－120； 2．文中不能出现真实的校名和人名； 3．邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Peter， How is it going？At my school we're talking about what we should do to be civilized(文明的)middle school students. ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Anything new at your school? Yours， Li Hua [参考范文] 　_Dear_Peter，　 　How_is_it_going?_At_my_school_we're_talking__about_what_we_should_do_to_be_civilized(文明)middle__school_students.　 First, I think being a middle school student，we should be polite to our teachers at school.We should respect our teachers and say hello to them when we meet them. Second, we should be helpful to our classmates.For example, when they have some trouble in learning, we can help them as much as possible and answer their questions with a smile. Last, we should follow the school rules.We are supposed to go to school on time.When we have meals or wait for the school bus, we should wait in line and offer the seats to the younger students.If we have something else important to do and can't come to school, be sure to call our teachers ahead. If all of us obey the rules, we'll be happy to study and make great progress soon. 　_Anything_new_at_your_school？　 　Yours，　 　Li_Hua　 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$