Unit 8 Section 4 Grammar and Writing（PPT课件+Word版）-【创新教程】2025-2026学年中职英语基础模块2同步教案（外研版2021）

Section 4　Grammar and Writing 构词法(合成法) 由两个或更多的词合成一个词，有的用连字符号连接，有的直接连写在一起，还有的由分开的两个词构成。单词经合成后可以构成很多词类，常见的有： 1．合成名词 bedroom卧室；blackboard黑板；newspaper报纸；schoolyard校园；necklace项链；sunrise日出；earthquake地震；headache头痛；playground操场；reading­room阅览室；post office邮局；bookshop书店；boyfriend男朋友；daytime白天 2．合成形容词 good­looking相貌好的；cold­blooded冷血的；newly­built新建的；full­time专职的；hard­working勤劳的；well­known众所周知的；man­made人造的；blue­eyed蓝眼睛的；warm­hearted热心肠的 3．合成副词 whenever无论何时；however无论如何；somewhere某处；everywhere到处 4．合成代词 himself他本人；nobody没人；something某事；anything任何事情；somebody某人 Ⅰ.单项选择 1．After the final exams，I will have a 　________　 vacation in Hainan. A．5 day　　　　　　 B．5­day C．5 days D．5­days 2．The Century Park is far from here，indeed it's about 　________　 walk. A．two hours B．a two hour's C．a two­hours D．a two­hour 3．We'll be away for two weeks because we'll have a 　________　. A．two­weeks holiday B．two­weeks' holidays C．two­week holiday D．two­week's holiday 4．—How far is it from Lianyungang to Soul，Korea? —It is about a 　________　 flight. A．2­hour­long B．2­hours­long C．2 hours' long D．2 hour long 5．Lisa is 　________　 and she has an 　________　 sister. A．eleven years old；eight­year­old B．eleven­year­old；eight­years­old C．eleven years old；eight year old D．eleven­year­old；eight years old 6．Henry，a 　________　 boy，can speak English quite well.He's going to learn a 　________　 language next year. A．12 years old；two B．12­year­old；two C．12­year­old；second D．12 years old；second 答案：1－6　BDCAAC Ⅱ.写出下列合成词的汉语意思 1．salesman　　　　　　售货员　 2．snowwhite 　雪白的　 3．blacklist 　列入黑名单　 4．roommate 　室友　 5．undergo 　经历　 描写一位大国工匠 写大国工匠的英语作文，应注意以下几个方面： 1．人称：通常用第一人称和第三人称来表达，第一人称来表达对大国工匠的敬佩和爱戴等，第三人称用来叙述工匠的事迹。 2．时态：通常用一般现在时和一般过去时，根据具体语境运用。用一般现在时来说明大国工匠对现在人的激励，用一般过去时说明大国工匠的成长过程等。 3．写作内容齐全。科技发明写作要注意叙述部分和内容要求，要包括写作内容的全部信息点，不能遗漏。 4．优化结构，美化句型。一篇好的文章应结构清晰，可适当分段。写作中若能正确使用各种句型和结构，不仅能完成写作任务，还能使文章的结构的句式变得丰富，行文更流畅，中心和主旨更加突出。 假如你是李华，上周二你班邀请了一位民间艺人教你们制作面人，据此写一篇英语短文。词数：80－120之间。 On a day with a craftsman ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ●[审题谋篇] 体裁 记叙文 话题 民间艺人制作面人 时态 一般过去时为主 人称 第一、三人称 ●[重点词汇] 1．　invite　邀请 2．　craftsman　 手艺人 3．　make_dough_figurines　 制作面人 4．　basic_steps_and_skills　 基本步骤和技能 5．　intently　 目不转睛地 6．　sculpture　 雕塑 7．　take_a_group_photo　 合影留念 ●[重点句型] 1．Last Tuesday，our class 　invited_an_old_craftsman_to_teach_us_how_to_make_dough_figurines　. 上周二，我们班请了一位老工匠教我们如何制作面人。 2．He showed 　us_the_basic_steps_and_skills_of_making_dough_figurines　. 他向我们展示了制作面人的基本步骤和技巧。 3．We were very excited and 　hoped_to_have_more_such_activities　. 我们非常兴奋，希望有更多这样的活动。 ●[连句成篇] On a day with a craftsman Last Tuesday，our class invited an old craftsman to teach us how to make dough figurines. When the craftsman came into the classroom，we warmly welcomed him. Two boys helped him with his toolbox. He showed us the basic steps and skills of making dough figurines. We stood next to him and watched intently，and then we started trying to do it ourselves. The old man came over and helped us patiently. Finally，we put our own dough sculpture on the table and took a group photo with the old craftsman. We were very excited and hoped to have more such activities. 根据下图写一篇作文。 写作要求： 1．简要描述这幅画； 2．解释它的意图； 3．你对工匠精神的认识。 ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ [参考范文] What jumps into our sight is a shocking scene：a strong worker is concentrated on sharpening his sword printed with the words of “MADE IN CHINA”，while the knife grinder and the caption read “craftsman's spirit or artisan spirit” clearly. Obviously enough，the drawing is attempting to promote the craftsman's spirit，featuring pursuit of excellence，striving for perfection and customer orientation.When it comes to craftsman's spirit，watches made in Switzerland，machinery made in Germany as well as management in Japan crowed in upon us.It is the respects and perseverance to such a spirit that build up countless world famous brands and enterprises in these countries. The key word of craftsman's spirit is better quality.The way we treat the task will decide the quality of our life，so we need to chase for betterment and make our life delicate. 对应学生课时P98 Ⅰ.单项选择 1．We will have a 　________　 holiday after the exam. A．two month　　　　 B．two­month C．two month's D．two­months 2．Let's go on foot.It's 　________　 walk from here to the cinema. A．a twenty minute B．a twenty­minute C．a twenty­minutes D．a twenty­minute's 3．—Why are you so excited，Jenny? —I hear we will have a 　________　 holiday in 　________　. A．three day's；a week's time B．three­day；a week's time C．three­day；a weeks' time D．three days；a week 4．He has 　________　 daughter named Mary. A．a eight years old B．eight­years­old C．an eight­year­old D．eight­year­old 答案：1－4　BBBC Ⅱ.用方框内恰当的合成词填空 paper­making；warm­hearted；800­metre；hard­working；grown­ups；newly­built；newcomer；heart­to­heart；well­known；whitewash 1．There are more 　________　houses in this village than in that one. 2．My brother is really 　________　. He often works in his office far into the night. 3．They decided to have another 　________　factory set up in this town. 4．He found a lot of passers­by were 　________　. 5．Many students signed up for the　________　race in the sports meeting to be held next week. 6．Our English teacher is a　________　，honest and strict man. 7．I am going to　________　my little house next Sunday. 8．The next time you're free，let's have a 　________　 talk. 9．I'm a 　________　here and would be glad to have your help. 10．The Great Wall of China is 　________　both at home and abroad. 1．解析：考查形容词。句意：这个村子新建的房子比那个村子多。分析句子并根据句意可知，空处应使用形容词newly­built“新建的”，作houses的定语。故填newly­built。 答案：newly­built 2．解析：考查形容词。句意：我哥哥真的很努力。他经常在办公室工作到深夜。分析句子并根据句意可知，空处应使用形容词hard­working“勤奋的，刻苦的”，作表语。故填hard­working。 答案：hard­working 3．解析：考查名词。句意：他们决定在这个镇上再建一家造纸厂。分析句子并根据句意可知，空处应使用名词paper­making“造纸”，作factory的定语。故填paper­making。 答案：paper­making 4．解析：考查名词。句意：他发现很多路人都是成年人。分析句子并根据句意可知，空处应使用名词grown­ups“成年人”，作表语。故填grown­ups。 答案：grown­ups 5．解析：考查形容词。句意：在下周举行的运动会上，许多学生报名参加了800米赛跑。分析句子并根据句意可知，空处应使用形容词800­metre“800米的”，作race的定语。故填800­metre。 答案：800­metre 6．解析：考查形容词。句意：我们的英语老师是一个热心、诚实、严格的人。分析句子并根据句意可知，空处应使用形容词warm­hearted“热心的”，作man的定语。故填warm­hearted。 答案：warm­hearted 7．解析：考查动词。句意：下星期天我打算粉刷我的小房子。表示“粉刷”用whitewash，设空处使用动词与空前be going to构成一般将来时。故填whitewash。 答案：whitewash 8．解析：考查形容词。句意：下次你有空的时候，让我们好好谈谈。表示“真诚的”用heart­to­heart。设空处使用形容词作定语。故填heart­to­heart。 答案：heart­to­heart 9．解析：考查名词。句意：我是新来的，很高兴得到你的帮助。设空处使用名词作表语。表示“新来的人”用newcomer。故填newcomer。 答案：newcomer 10．解析：考查形容词。句意：中国的长城在国内外都很有名。设空处使用形容词作表语，表示“知名的”用well­known。故填well­known。 答案：well­known Ⅲ.阅读理解 A The cowboy is the hero of many movies.He is，even today，a symbol(标志) of courage and adventure.But what was the life of the cowboy really like? The cowboy's job is clear from the word cowboy.Cowboys were men who took care of the cows and other cattle.The cattle were in the West and in Texas.People in the cities of the East wanted beef from these cattle.Trains could take the cattle east.But first the cattle had to get to the train.Part of the cowboy's job was to take the cattle hundreds of miles to the railroad towns. The trips were called “cattle drives”．A cattle drive usually took several months.Cowboys rode for sixteen hours a day.Because they rode so much，each cowboy brought along about eight horses.A cowboy changed horses several times each day. Cowboys had to make sure that the cattle arrived safely.Before starting on a drive，they 　branded_the_cattle　.They burned a mark on the cattle to show who they belong to.But these marks didn't stop thieves.Cowboys had to protect the cattle from thieves.Thieves made the dangerous trip even more dangerous. Although their work was very difficult and dangerous，cowboys did not earn much money.They were paid badly.Yet cowboys liked their ways of life.They lived in the wild and open country.They lived a life of adventure and freedom. 1．The cowboy's job was to 　________　. A．be a hero of movies B．take care of cattle C．cook beef D．drive a train 2．Cowboys usually took cattle to 　________　. A．the West and Texas B．the cities of the East C．the wild and open country D．the railroad towns 3．Which of the following is TRUE? A．A cattle drive took several days. B．Cowboys rode for 8 hours a day. C．Each cowboy brought along 2 horses. D．A cowboy changed horses several times a day. 4．The underlined part “branded the cattle” means 　________　. A．made a mark on the cattle B．put the cattle in cages C．tied the cattle together D．washed the cattle carefully 5．　________　 make the trip even more dangerous and difficult. A．The bad weather B．Lack of food C．Thieves D．Attack (攻击) from other animals [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了牛仔的真正生活，虽然薪酬很少、很危险，然而他们却很喜欢。 1．B　[细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Cowboys were men who took care of the cows and other cattle(牛)”可知，牛仔的工作是照顾母牛和其他牛。故选B。] 2．D　[细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Part of the cowboy' s job was to take the cattle hundreds of miles to the railroad towns.”可知，牛仔的部分工作是把牛带到几百英里外的铁路城镇。故选D。] 3．D　[细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“A cowboy changed horses several times each day.”可知，一个牛仔每天要换几次马。故选D。] 4．A　[词句猜测题。根据第四段第三句“They burned a mark(记号) on the cattle to show who they belong to(属于)”可知，他们是在牛的身上作记号。故选A。] 5．C　[细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“Thieves made the dangerous trip even more dangerous.”可知，小偷让旅途变得更加的危险和困难。故选C。] B Stephen Hawking，the most famous scientist of his time，died when he was 76 on March 14,2018.He died peacefully on Wednesday at his home in Cambridge，England. Hawking was a physicist. He was known worldwide for explaining subjects like the beginnings of the universe (宇宙) and what black holes are. He got the ALS (渐冻症) in 1963.At that time，doctors said he would only live a few years. But he proved them wrong by living for over 50 years more and going on with his scientific work. The disease finally put him in a wheelchair and took away his ability to speak. For many years，Hawking communicated by using a special tool but not in his own voice. His 1988 book “A Brief History of Time” became an international bestseller and made him world­famous. Hawking was also known for his successful research on black holes. His work is known as Hawking radiation. In his 2013 book “My Brief History”，Hawking wrote about his ideas of the illness，“I felt it was very unfair — why should this happen to me？” He added，“At the time，I thought my life was over and that I would never realize the ability I felt I had.” “But now，my goal is simple，” Hawking once said. “It is a complete understanding of the universe — what it is and why it is there.” Hawking was a big supporter of human space travel，especially the space travel to the Moon and Mars. He said 　it　 would help humans in a common purpose of spreading themselves beyond the Earth. “We are running out of space and the only places to go to are other worlds. It is time to explore other solar systems. Spreading out may be the only thing that saves us from ourselves. I believe that humans need to leave the Earth.” he said last year. 6．Stephen Hawking was a great scientist and he 　________　. A．was born in 1940 in Cambridge B．passed away peacefully in a hospital C．was famous for his travel to the Moon D．made people understand the universe better 7．Paragraph 3 shows that 　________　. A．Hawking died only a few years after he got the ALS B．doctors played an important role in Hawking's daily life C．how Hawking's disease was caused and how he was treated D．Hawking managed to go on with scientific work with the ALS 8．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 6 mean? A．running out of the space B．a supporter of space travel C．a common purpose of helping humans D．human space travel to the Moon and Mars 9．The right order of the following events should be 　________　. a．Hawking got the ALS in 1963. b．Hawking passed away on March 14,2018. c．Hawking wrote “My Brief History” which is about his illness. d．Hawking wrote “A Brief History of Time” and it made him world­famous. A．a，d，c，b　　　 B．a，b，c，d C．b，a，c，d D．d，a，c，b 10．We can learn from the passage that 　________　. A．Hawking always believed that he would be successful B．Hawking communicated by a special tool in his own voice C．Hawking believed spreading out could help save people on the Earth D．Hawking didn't become famous until “My Brief History” was published [语篇解读]　文章大意：本文讲了著名的科学家斯蒂芬·霍金的一生，详细介绍了他与病魔的对抗的经历、他的著作及其一生取得的成就等。 6．D　[细节理解题。根据第二段中“He was known worldwide for explaining subjects like the beginnings of the universe and what black holes are.”可知，他的主要成就都在探索宇宙上，使得人们对宇宙有了更好的理解。故选D。] 7．D　[细节理解题。根据第三段“But he proved them wrong by living for over 50 years more and going on with his scientific work.”可知，他带着渐冻症这个病继续进行科研。故选D。] 8．D　[推理判断题。根据第六段中“Hawking was a big supporter of human space travel，especially the space travel to the Moon and Mars. He said 　it　 would help humans in a common purpose of spreading themselves beyond the Earth.”可推出，it指代上文中出现的到月亮和火星的太空旅行。故选D。] 9．A　[排序题。根据第一、三、四、五段第一句可知，事件发生的时间是a—1963，b—2018，c—2013，d—1988；按时间顺序为a，d，c，b。故选A。] 10．C　[推理判断题。根据第五段“At the time，I thought my life was over and that I would never realize the ability I felt I had.”可知，霍金并不确信自己能成功，A项错误；根据第三段“Hawking communicated by using a special tool but not in his own voice.”可知，霍金没有用自己的声音，B项错误；根据最后一段“Spreading out may be the only thing that saves us from ourselves. I believe that humans need to leave the Earth”可知，霍金认为向其他星球扩张能拯救地球人，C项正确；根据第四段“His 1988 book ‘A Brief History of Time' became an international bestseller and made him world­famous.”可知，他1988年就出名了，而“My Brief History”这本书则是在2013年出版的，D项错误。故选C。] Ⅳ.书面表达 根据所给提示写一篇关于钱学森的短文，需包括所有内容要点，要求语句通顺、意思连贯。词数80－120。 内容要点： 1．钱学森，世界著名科学家，被认为是中国太空技术项目的先驱； 2．1934年毕业于交通大学(Jiaotong University)，1935年到美国深造； 3．1955年从美国回到祖国，对中国航天事业的发展做出了巨大贡献； 4．他是我们所有中国人的骄傲，我们都很钦佩他； 5．你的感想…… ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ [参考范文] Qian Xuesen is a great scientist in the world. He is regarded as the pioneer of China's space technology. In 1934，he graduated from Jiaotong University. Then he went to the USA for further study in 1935.In 1955，he returned to China. He made great contributions to China's space career. He is the pride of all the Chinese people. We all admire him very much. We can learn many things from him. We should love our country and try our best to make our country more powerful. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$Section 4　Grammar and Writing UNIT 8 There Is No Easy Path Success 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（WY2） UNIT 8 There Is No Easy Path Success 语法 探究突破 01 写作 表达升格 02 课后 素养提升 03 英语基础模拟（WY2） UNIT 8 There Is No Easy Path Success 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（WY2） UNIT 8 There Is No Easy Path Success 语法 探究突破 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（WY2） UNIT 8 There Is No Easy Path Success 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（WY2） UNIT 8 There Is No Easy Path Success 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（WY2） UNIT 8 There Is No Easy Path Success 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（WY2） UNIT 8 There Is No Easy Path Success 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（WY2） UNIT 8 There Is No Easy Path Success 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（WY2） UNIT 8 There Is No Easy Path Success 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（WY2） UNIT 8 There Is No Easy Path Success 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（WY2） UNIT 8 There Is No Easy Path Success 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（WY2） UNIT 8 There Is No Easy Path Success 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（WY2） UNIT 8 There Is No Easy Path Success 写作 表达升格 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（WY2） UNIT 8 There Is No Easy Path Success 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（WY2） UNIT 8 There Is No Easy Path Success 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（WY2） UNIT 8 There Is No Easy Path Success 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（WY2） UNIT 8 There Is No Easy Path Success 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（WY2） UNIT 8 There Is No Easy Path Success 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（WY2） UNIT 8 There Is No Easy Path Success 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（WY2） UNIT 8 There Is No Easy Path Success 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（WY2） UNIT 8 There Is No Easy Path Success 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（WY2） UNIT 8 There Is No Easy Path Success 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（WY2） UNIT 8 There Is No Easy Path Success 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（WY2） UNIT 8 There Is No Easy Path Success 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（WY2） UNIT 8 There Is No Easy Path Success 下一页 上一页 返回导航 英语基础模拟（WY2） UNIT 8 There Is No Easy Path Success 构词法(合成法) 由两个或更多的词合成一个词，有的用连字符号连接，有的直接连写在一起，还有的由分开的两个词构成。单词经合成后可以构成很多词类，常见的有： 1．合成名词 bedroom卧室；blackboard黑板；newspaper报纸；schoolyard校园；necklace项链；sunrise日出；earthquake地震；headache头痛；playground操场；reading­room阅览室；post office邮局；bookshop书店；boyfriend男朋友；daytime白天 2．合成形容词 good­looking相貌好的；cold­blooded冷血的；newly­built新建的；full­time专职的；hard­working勤劳的；well­known众所周知的；man­made人造的；blue­eyed蓝眼睛的；warm­hearted热心肠的 3．合成副词 whenever无论何时；however无论如何；somewhere某处；everywhere到处 4．合成代词 himself他本人；nobody没人；something某事；anything任何事情；somebody某人 Ⅰ.单项选择 1．After the final exams，I will have a 　________　 vacation in Hainan. A．5 day　　　　　　 B．5­day C．5 days D．5­days 2．The Century Park is far from here，indeed it's about 　________　 walk. A．two hours B．a two hour's C．a two­hours D．a two­hour 3．We'll be away for two weeks because we'll have a 　________　. A．two­weeks holiday B．two­weeks' holidays C．two­week holiday D．two­week's holiday 4．—How far is it from Lianyungang to Soul，Korea? —It is about a 　________　 flight. A．2­hour­long B．2­hours­long C．2 hours' long D．2 hour long 5．Lisa is 　________　 and she has an 　________　 sister. A．eleven years old；eight­year­old B．eleven­year­old；eight­years­old C．eleven years old；eight year old D．eleven­year­old；eight years old 6．Henry，a 　________　 boy，can speak English quite well.He's going to learn a 　________　 language next year. A．12 years old；two B．12­year­old；two C．12­year­old；second D．12 years old；second 答案：1－6　BDCAAC Ⅱ.写出下列合成词的汉语意思 1．salesman　售货员　 2．snowwhite 　雪白的　 3．blacklist 　列入黑名单　 4．roommate 　室友　 5．undergo 　经历　 描写一位大国工匠 写大国工匠的英语作文，应注意以下几个方面： 1．人称：通常用第一人称和第三人称来表达，第一人称来表达对大国工匠的敬佩和爱戴等，第三人称用来叙述工匠的事迹。 2．时态：通常用一般现在时和一般过去时，根据具体语境运用。用一般现在时来说明大国工匠对现在人的激励，用一般过去时说明大国工匠的成长过程等。 3．写作内容齐全。科技发明写作要注意叙述部分和内容要求，要包括写作内容的全部信息点，不能遗漏。 4．优化结构，美化句型。一篇好的文章应结构清晰，可适当分段。写作中若能正确使用各种句型和结构，不仅能完成写作任务，还能使文章的结构的句式变得丰富，行文更流畅，中心和主旨更加突出。 假如你是李华，上周二你班邀请了一位民间艺人教你们制作面人，据此写一篇英语短文。词数：80－120之间。 On a day with a craftsman __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ ●[审题谋篇] 体裁 记叙文 话题 民间艺人制作面人 时态 一般过去时为主 人称 第一、三人称 ●[重点词汇] 1．　invite　邀请 2．　craftsman　 手艺人 3．　make dough figurines　 制作面人 4．　basic steps and skills　 基本步骤和技能 5．　intently　 目不转睛地 6．　sculpture　 雕塑 7．　take a group photo　 合影留念 ●[重点句型] 1．Last Tuesday，our class 　invited an old craftsman to teach us how to make dough figurines　. 上周二，我们班请了一位老工匠教我们如何制作面人。 2．He showed 　us the basic steps and skills of making dough figurines　. 他向我们展示了制作面人的基本步骤和技巧。 3．We were very excited and 　hoped to have more such activities　. 我们非常兴奋，希望有更多这样的活动。 ●[连句成篇] On a day with a craftsman Last Tuesday，our class invited an old craftsman to teach us how to make dough figurines. When the craftsman came into the classroom，we warmly welcomed him. Two boys helped him with his toolbox. He showed us the basic steps and skills of making dough figurines. We stood next to him and watched intently，and then we started trying to do it ourselves. The old man came over and helped us patiently. Finally，we put our own dough sculpture on the table and took a group photo with the old craftsman. We were very excited and hoped to have more such activities. 根据下图写一篇作文。 写作要求： 1．简要描述这幅画； 2．解释它的意图； 3．你对工匠精神的认识。 __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ [参考范文] What jumps into our sight is a shocking scene：a strong worker is concentrated on sharpening his sword printed with the words of “MADE IN CHINA”，while the knife grinder and the caption read “craftsman's spirit or artisan spirit” clearly. Obviously enough，the drawing is attempting to promote the craftsman's spirit，featuring pursuit of excellence，striving for perfection and customer orientation.When it comes to craftsman's spirit，watches made in Switzerland，machinery made in Germany as well as management in Japan crowed in upon us.It is the respects and perseverance to such a spirit that build up countless world famous brands and enterprises in these countries. The key word of craftsman's spirit is better quality.The way we treat the task will decide the quality of our life，so we need to chase for betterment and make our life delicate. $$ 对应学生课时P98 Ⅰ.单项选择 1．We will have a 　________　 holiday after the exam. A．two month　　　　 B．two­month C．two month's D．two­months 2．Let's go on foot.It's 　________　 walk from here to the cinema. A．a twenty minute B．a twenty­minute C．a twenty­minutes D．a twenty­minute's 3．—Why are you so excited，Jenny? —I hear we will have a 　________　 holiday in 　________　. A．three day's；a week's time B．three­day；a week's time C．three­day；a weeks' time D．three days；a week 4．He has 　________　 daughter named Mary. A．a eight years old B．eight­years­old C．an eight­year­old D．eight­year­old 答案：1－4　BBBC Ⅱ.用方框内恰当的合成词填空 paper­making；warm­hearted；800­metre；hard­working；grown­ups；newly­built；newcomer；heart­to­heart；well­known；whitewash 1．There are more 　________　houses in this village than in that one. 2．My brother is really 　________　. He often works in his office far into the night. 3．They decided to have another 　________　factory set up in this town. 4．He found a lot of passers­by were 　________　. 5．Many students signed up for the　________　race in the sports meeting to be held next week. 6．Our English teacher is a　________　，honest and strict man. 7．I am going to　________　my little house next Sunday. 8．The next time you're free，let's have a 　________　 talk. 9．I'm a 　________　here and would be glad to have your help. 10．The Great Wall of China is 　________　both at home and abroad. 1．解析：考查形容词。句意：这个村子新建的房子比那个村子多。分析句子并根据句意可知，空处应使用形容词newly­built“新建的”，作houses的定语。故填newly­built。 答案：newly­built 2．解析：考查形容词。句意：我哥哥真的很努力。他经常在办公室工作到深夜。分析句子并根据句意可知，空处应使用形容词hard­working“勤奋的，刻苦的”，作表语。故填hard­working。 答案：hard­working 3．解析：考查名词。句意：他们决定在这个镇上再建一家造纸厂。分析句子并根据句意可知，空处应使用名词paper­making“造纸”，作factory的定语。故填paper­making。 答案：paper­making 4．解析：考查名词。句意：他发现很多路人都是成年人。分析句子并根据句意可知，空处应使用名词grown­ups“成年人”，作表语。故填grown­ups。 答案：grown­ups 5．解析：考查形容词。句意：在下周举行的运动会上，许多学生报名参加了800米赛跑。分析句子并根据句意可知，空处应使用形容词800­metre“800米的”，作race的定语。故填800­metre。 答案：800­metre 6．解析：考查形容词。句意：我们的英语老师是一个热心、诚实、严格的人。分析句子并根据句意可知，空处应使用形容词warm­hearted“热心的”，作man的定语。故填warm­hearted。 答案：warm­hearted 7．解析：考查动词。句意：下星期天我打算粉刷我的小房子。表示“粉刷”用whitewash，设空处使用动词与空前be going to构成一般将来时。故填whitewash。 答案：whitewash 8．解析：考查形容词。句意：下次你有空的时候，让我们好好谈谈。表示“真诚的”用heart­to­heart。设空处使用形容词作定语。故填heart­to­heart。 答案：heart­to­heart 9．解析：考查名词。句意：我是新来的，很高兴得到你的帮助。设空处使用名词作表语。表示“新来的人”用newcomer。故填newcomer。 答案：newcomer 10．解析：考查形容词。句意：中国的长城在国内外都很有名。设空处使用形容词作表语，表示“知名的”用well­known。故填well­known。 答案：well­known Ⅲ.阅读理解 A The cowboy is the hero of many movies.He is，even today，a symbol(标志) of courage and adventure.But what was the life of the cowboy really like? The cowboy's job is clear from the word cowboy.Cowboys were men who took care of the cows and other cattle.The cattle were in the West and in Texas.People in the cities of the East wanted beef from these cattle.Trains could take the cattle east.But first the cattle had to get to the train.Part of the cowboy's job was to take the cattle hundreds of miles to the railroad towns. The trips were called “cattle drives”．A cattle drive usually took several months.Cowboys rode for sixteen hours a day.Because they rode so much，each cowboy brought along about eight horses.A cowboy changed horses several times each day. Cowboys had to make sure that the cattle arrived safely.Before starting on a drive，they 　branded_the_cattle　.They burned a mark on the cattle to show who they belong to.But these marks didn't stop thieves.Cowboys had to protect the cattle from thieves.Thieves made the dangerous trip even more dangerous. Although their work was very difficult and dangerous，cowboys did not earn much money.They were paid badly.Yet cowboys liked their ways of life.They lived in the wild and open country.They lived a life of adventure and freedom. 1．The cowboy's job was to 　________　. A．be a hero of movies B．take care of cattle C．cook beef D．drive a train 2．Cowboys usually took cattle to 　________　. A．the West and Texas B．the cities of the East C．the wild and open country D．the railroad towns 3．Which of the following is TRUE? A．A cattle drive took several days. B．Cowboys rode for 8 hours a day. C．Each cowboy brought along 2 horses. D．A cowboy changed horses several times a day. 4．The underlined part “branded the cattle” means 　________　. A．made a mark on the cattle B．put the cattle in cages C．tied the cattle together D．washed the cattle carefully 5．　________　 make the trip even more dangerous and difficult. A．The bad weather B．Lack of food C．Thieves D．Attack (攻击) from other animals [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了牛仔的真正生活，虽然薪酬很少、很危险，然而他们却很喜欢。 1．B　[细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Cowboys were men who took care of the cows and other cattle(牛)”可知，牛仔的工作是照顾母牛和其他牛。故选B。] 2．D　[细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Part of the cowboy' s job was to take the cattle hundreds of miles to the railroad towns.”可知，牛仔的部分工作是把牛带到几百英里外的铁路城镇。故选D。] 3．D　[细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“A cowboy changed horses several times each day.”可知，一个牛仔每天要换几次马。故选D。] 4．A　[词句猜测题。根据第四段第三句“They burned a mark(记号) on the cattle to show who they belong to(属于)”可知，他们是在牛的身上作记号。故选A。] 5．C　[细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“Thieves made the dangerous trip even more dangerous.”可知，小偷让旅途变得更加的危险和困难。故选C。] B Stephen Hawking，the most famous scientist of his time，died when he was 76 on March 14,2018.He died peacefully on Wednesday at his home in Cambridge，England. Hawking was a physicist. He was known worldwide for explaining subjects like the beginnings of the universe (宇宙) and what black holes are. He got the ALS (渐冻症) in 1963.At that time，doctors said he would only live a few years. But he proved them wrong by living for over 50 years more and going on with his scientific work. The disease finally put him in a wheelchair and took away his ability to speak. For many years，Hawking communicated by using a special tool but not in his own voice. His 1988 book “A Brief History of Time” became an international bestseller and made him world­famous. Hawking was also known for his successful research on black holes. His work is known as Hawking radiation. In his 2013 book “My Brief History”，Hawking wrote about his ideas of the illness，“I felt it was very unfair — why should this happen to me？” He added，“At the time，I thought my life was over and that I would never realize the ability I felt I had.” “But now，my goal is simple，” Hawking once said. “It is a complete understanding of the universe — what it is and why it is there.” Hawking was a big supporter of human space travel，especially the space travel to the Moon and Mars. He said 　it　 would help humans in a common purpose of spreading themselves beyond the Earth. “We are running out of space and the only places to go to are other worlds. It is time to explore other solar systems. Spreading out may be the only thing that saves us from ourselves. I believe that humans need to leave the Earth.” he said last year. 6．Stephen Hawking was a great scientist and he 　________　. A．was born in 1940 in Cambridge B．passed away peacefully in a hospital C．was famous for his travel to the Moon D．made people understand the universe better 7．Paragraph 3 shows that 　________　. A．Hawking died only a few years after he got the ALS B．doctors played an important role in Hawking's daily life C．how Hawking's disease was caused and how he was treated D．Hawking managed to go on with scientific work with the ALS 8．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 6 mean? A．running out of the space B．a supporter of space travel C．a common purpose of helping humans D．human space travel to the Moon and Mars 9．The right order of the following events should be 　________　. a．Hawking got the ALS in 1963. b．Hawking passed away on March 14,2018. c．Hawking wrote “My Brief History” which is about his illness. d．Hawking wrote “A Brief History of Time” and it made him world­famous. A．a，d，c，b　　　 B．a，b，c，d C．b，a，c，d D．d，a，c，b 10．We can learn from the passage that 　________　. A．Hawking always believed that he would be successful B．Hawking communicated by a special tool in his own voice C．Hawking believed spreading out could help save people on the Earth D．Hawking didn't become famous until “My Brief History” was published [语篇解读]　文章大意：本文讲了著名的科学家斯蒂芬·霍金的一生，详细介绍了他与病魔的对抗的经历、他的著作及其一生取得的成就等。 6．D　[细节理解题。根据第二段中“He was known worldwide for explaining subjects like the beginnings of the universe and what black holes are.”可知，他的主要成就都在探索宇宙上，使得人们对宇宙有了更好的理解。故选D。] 7．D　[细节理解题。根据第三段“But he proved them wrong by living for over 50 years more and going on with his scientific work.”可知，他带着渐冻症这个病继续进行科研。故选D。] 8．D　[推理判断题。根据第六段中“Hawking was a big supporter of human space travel，especially the space travel to the Moon and Mars. He said 　it　 would help humans in a common purpose of spreading themselves beyond the Earth.”可推出，it指代上文中出现的到月亮和火星的太空旅行。故选D。] 9．A　[排序题。根据第一、三、四、五段第一句可知，事件发生的时间是a—1963，b—2018，c—2013，d—1988；按时间顺序为a，d，c，b。故选A。] 10．C　[推理判断题。根据第五段“At the time，I thought my life was over and that I would never realize the ability I felt I had.”可知，霍金并不确信自己能成功，A项错误；根据第三段“Hawking communicated by using a special tool but not in his own voice.”可知，霍金没有用自己的声音，B项错误；根据最后一段“Spreading out may be the only thing that saves us from ourselves. I believe that humans need to leave the Earth”可知，霍金认为向其他星球扩张能拯救地球人，C项正确；根据第四段“His 1988 book ‘A Brief History of Time' became an international bestseller and made him world­famous.”可知，他1988年就出名了，而“My Brief History”这本书则是在2013年出版的，D项错误。故选C。] Ⅳ.书面表达 根据所给提示写一篇关于钱学森的短文，需包括所有内容要点，要求语句通顺、意思连贯。词数80－120。 内容要点： 1．钱学森，世界著名科学家，被认为是中国太空技术项目的先驱； 2．1934年毕业于交通大学(Jiaotong University)，1935年到美国深造； 3．1955年从美国回到祖国，对中国航天事业的发展做出了巨大贡献； 4．他是我们所有中国人的骄傲，我们都很钦佩他； 5．你的感想…… ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ [参考范文] Qian Xuesen is a great scientist in the world. He is regarded as the pioneer of China's space technology. In 1934，he graduated from Jiaotong University. Then he went to the USA for further study in 1935.In 1955，he returned to China. He made great contributions to China's space career. He is the pride of all the Chinese people. We all admire him very much. We can learn many things from him. We should love our country and try our best to make our country more powerful. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$