Unit 2 Section 4 Grammar and Writing（PPT课件+Word版）-【创新教程】2025-2026学年中职英语基础模块1同步教案（外研版2021）

Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Some years ago there was an old woman.She had no children because she did not like children at all.But she loved cats.She had mother cats and baby cats.She had black cats and white cats.The children in the neighborhood came to her house to play with the cats.More and more cats came to the old woman's house. There were too many cats.The old woman couldn't(不能) 　feed　 them all.Then she had an idea (主意)．“The children love my cats，” she thought (想)．So she gave each child a cat.Then she was very happy.And the children were very happy, too.And the cats were pleased, too, because they each had a room. 1．The old woman liked 　________　. A．cats　　　　　　　 B．baby C．old people D．children 2．Why did the children come to the woman's house? A．To look at her house. B．To help the old woman. C．To play with the cats. D．To buy young cats. 3．The word “feed” in the passage means　________　. A．give food to　　　　 B．look after C．live with D．play games 4．The woman gave each child a cat because　________　. A．the children liked the cats B．she couldn't feed so many cats C．more cats came to her house D．children came to her house very day 5．Finally (最后) the woman 　________　. A．began to love children B．sold (卖掉) all her cats to children C．bought enough food for the children's cats D．could get enough (足够的) food for the cats in her house 答案：1－5　ACABD B Tom is a 16­year­old boy.He really likes sports.He says sports make him healthy and relaxed.But his best friend is quiet.Sometimes his friend likes sharing his favourite books with him.But Tom doesn't like them.He thinks they are boring. “In fact，I want to tell him I have different hobbies，” Tom said.“But I don't want to hurt his feelings and hurt our friendship.What can I do？” Friends can be different.This is very common.It is important to talk with your friends.But you should be careful about how to talk with them.Here are some tips for you. First, listen carefully to your friends.Although you may want to explain yourself, listening to your friends first may keep you calm.You will also better understand your friends. Next, express yourself politely.Remember, you are not trying to argue.Winning or losing is not important.Don't try to make your friends think like you. Lastly and most importantly, show your friends that you 　value　 your friendship even if you disagree about something.Real friends respect each other. 6．From the passage we know that Tom doesn't want to 　________　. A．hurt his friend's feelings B．talk to his best friend C．make friends with others D．love his best friend 7．How many tips are given in the passage? A．3. B．4. C．5. D．6. 8．In which column(栏目) of a magazine can we read the passage? A．Music. B．Nature. C．Friends. D．Family. 9．The underlined word “value” here means “　________　” in Chinese. A．发现 B．失去 C．照顾 D．珍惜 10．What will Tom do next according to the passage? A．He will argue with his friend. B．He will force his friend to like sports. C．He will talk to his friend politely. D．He will not talk with his friend anymore. 答案：6－10　AACDC Ⅱ.书面表达 假设你是 Lily，你想投稿参加你校英语报“Here you say”栏目举办的活动，阐述自己关于友谊的观点。请根据以下要点。给主编写一封信。 要点：(1)What do you often do with your best friend? (2)What can you learn from your friend? (3) What should you do to be friends forever? 要求：(1)80～120词； (2)开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； (3)须包含所有要点，可适当发挥，以使行文连贯。 参考词：一起做家庭作业 do homework together；活跃的 active；诚实的honest Dear editor， As we all know，friends play an important role in our life.My best friend is ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Yours， Lily [参考范文] 　Dear_editor，　 As_we_all_know,_friends_play_an_important_role_in_our_life.My_best_friend_is　 Mary.She is my roommate.She is quite an active girl.We often do homework together.She plays an important role in my daily life.She helps me a lot in both my study and life.Sometimes, she gives me some useful tips when I have trouble.She also encourages me when I'm upset.She shares happiness and sorrow with me. If we want to be friends forever, it's necessary to be honest, keep promises and never lie to your friend. 　Yours，　 　Lily 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$Section 4　Grammar and Writing Unit 2　We Are Friends 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 语法 探究突破 01 写作 表达升格 02 课后 素养提升 03 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 语法 探究突破 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 写作 表达升格 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 下一页 上一页 返回导航 Unit 2　We Are Friends 英语基础模块（WY1） 一、一般过去时 1．一般过去时的定义 一般过去时表示过去某一时候或某一段时间所发生了的事情或存在的状态。 常与一般过去时连用的时间有： (1)与ago连用： two minutes / three hours / five days / one week/a moment ... ago (2)与last 连用： last week/month/time... (3)与yesterday连用： yesterday morning / night / evening... (4)与that 连用： that morning/winter/day/year (5)介词＋过去时间名词 in 1991/on the morning of June 1st (6)其他时间标志词 just now/once upon a time/long long ago/when I was 8 years old 2．用法说明 (1)表示在过去某个时间所发生的动作或所处的状态。 He was here just now.他刚才还在这里。 What did you do yesterday? 你昨天做了什么事？ (2)在过去一段时间内的经常性或习惯性动作。 We often played together when we were children. 我们小时候常在一起玩。 注意： 表示过去经常发生的动作还可用used to 和would。 He used to smoke a lot，but he doesn't now. 他过去经常抽烟，但现在不抽了。 Whenever we were in trouble，he would help us. 每当我们遇到困难，他都会帮助我们。 (3)表示一系列的动作，尽管有先后，都用一般过去时，最后两个动词之间用and连接。 He opened the door，rushed out and then disappeared. 他打开门，冲了出去，然后就消失了。 (4)注意在语境中理解 “我刚才/原来还不……”。 －Your phone number again? I didn't quite catch it. －It's 2566666. ——请再说一次你的电话号码，好吗？我刚才没听清楚。 ——是2566666。 (5)表示主语过去的特征或性格。 At that time she was very good at English. 那时她英语学得很好。 (6)用在状语从句中表示过去将来。 He said he would wait until they came back. 他说他会等到他们回来。 (7)一般过去时有时可以表示现在，多与 want，hope，wonder，think，intend 等动词连用，使语气更委婉。 I wondered if you could help me. 不知你能不能帮我一下。 (8)有时用一般过去时也是时态一致的需要。 I didn't know you were here. 我不知道你在这里。 2．一般过去时代替完成时 (1)两个动作如按顺序发生，又不强调先后，或用then，and，but 等连词时，多用一般过去时。 When she saw the mouse，she screamed. 当她看到老鼠时，她尖叫起来。 My aunt gave me a hat and I lost it. 我姑妈给了我一顶帽子，我把它弄丢了。 (2)两个动作相继发生，可用一般过去时；如第一个动作需要若干时间完成，用过去完成时。 When I heard the news，I was very excited. 当我听到这个消息时，我非常兴奋。 (3)叙述历史事实，可不用过去完成时，而只用一般过去时。 Our teacher told us that Columbus discovered America in 1492. 我们的老师告诉我们在1492年哥伦布发现了新大陆。 3．一般过去时句型构成 (1)肯定句 “主语＋动词过去式＋其他”或者“主语＋was/were＋其他”。 I played tennis last weekend. 我上周末打网球了。 (2)否定句 “主语＋didn't＋动词原形＋其他”或“主语＋wasn't/weren't＋其他”。 The girl didn't play computer games yesterday afternoon. 这个女孩昨天下午没玩电脑游戏。 (3)一般疑问句 “Did＋主语＋动词原形＋其他？ ”或 “Was/Were＋主语＋其他？” －Did you go to the beach？你们去海滩了吗？ －Yes，we did./No，we didn't.是的，我们去了。/不，我们没有。 (4)特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词＋一般疑问句(顺序)? —What did Li Lei do last weekend? 李雷上周末干什么了？ —He visited his grandparents. 他去看了他的祖父母。 4．一般过去时对谓语动词的要求 一般过去时用动词的过去式构成。即一般过去时的谓语动词要用动词的过去式。动词过去式的构成分规则变化和不规则变化两种形式，不规则变化通常需要逐个记忆，规则变化则遵循以下原则： (1)一般在动词后加­ed。如：play－played，offer－offered，weigh－weighed，destroy－destroyed，sign－signed。 (2)在以字母e结尾的动词后，只加­d。如：like－liked，provide－provided，hate－hated，date－dated。 (3)在以 “辅音字母＋y”结尾的动词后，则改y为i，再加­ed。如：supply－supplied，fly－flied，study－studied。 (4)在以单短元音的重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母(即辅元辅结构)的动词后，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加­ed。如：plan－planned，refer－referred，regret－regretted，ban－banned。 Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空 1．－Have you ever been to Shanghai? －Of course.Actually，I 　________　 (work) there for six years but now I live in Taizhou. 2．－There is someone knocking at the door. －It must be the computer repairman.I 　________　 (call) him to come to fix my computer. 3．David is a tennis player.He 　________　 (begin) to play tennis when he was six years old. 4．While she 　________　 (watch) TV，she 　________　 (hear) a sound outside the room. 5．As we all know，the Silk Road 　________　 (connect) China to the west in ancient times. 答案：1.worked　2.called　3.began　4.was watching；heard　5.connected Ⅱ.单项选择 1．－Great changes have taken place in our hometown over the past years. －Yeah.Things 　________　 different from when we were young. A．have been　　　　　　 B．are C．will be D．were 解析：D　[句意：——在过去的几年里，我们家乡发生了巨大的变化。——是的。跟我们年轻时的情况不同。A.have been现在完成时态；B.are一般现在时态；C.will be一般将来时态；D.were一般过去时态。根据后文when we were young可知，本题be动词使用一般过去式。故选D。] 2．－Li Ming，could you come and help me in the garden，please? －Sorry，Mom.I 　________　 Lucy with her Chinese now. A．help B．helped C．am helping D．have helped 解析：C　[考查动词的时态。问句问的是 “李明，你能到花园里帮我一下吗？”根据答句中“Sorry，Mom.I 　________　 Lucy with her Chinese now.”可知，李明正在帮露西学语文，是正在发生的动作，用现在进行时，故选C。] 3．The Blacks have moved into the new house.They 　________　 it at a low price. A．buy B．have bought C．bought D．will buy 解析：C　[考查时态。句意：布莱克一家搬进了新房子，他们以低价买了它。buy买；have bought现在完成时结构；bought(buy的过去式)；will buy一般将来时结构。分析句意，布莱克一家搬进了新房子，说明房子是过去买的，表示过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故选C。] 4．－I have seen the film The Jurassic World.It's very interesting. －Really? When 　________　 you 　________　 it? A．have；seen B．did；see C．will；see D．do；see 解析：B　[句意：——我已经看过电影《侏罗纪世界》了。它非常有趣。——真的吗？你什么时候看的？考查一般过去时。A.现在完成时；B.一般过去时；C.一般将来时；D.一般现在时。根据“I have seen the film The Jurassic World.”可知，电影已经看过了，过去发生的事要用一般过去时，故选B。] 5．－Haven't you handed in your project? －Yes.My classmates and I 　________　 on it for the whole weekend. A．have worked B．are working C．work D．worked 解析：D　[考查一般过去时态。句意：——你没有把你的项目交上来吗？——交了，我和我的同学一起工作了整个周末。have worked现在完成时态；are working现在进行时态；work工作，动词原形；worked一般过去时。工作了整个周末，这件事发生在过去，用一般过去时态，谓语动词用过去式worked。故选D。] 6．I cleaned my classroom 　________　. A．with three hours B．three hours ago C．in three hours D．three hours before 7．－　________　？ －He did some reading at home. A．What does your father do yesterday evening B．What does your brother do in the school C．What did your brother do over the weekend D．Where did your brother go last Sunday 8．What did you do 　________　 ? I went to the movies. A．next morning B．over the weekend C．in the weekend D．next Monday 答案：6－8　BCB 二、主谓一致(Ⅱ) 1．定义：主谓一致是指谓语在人称、数及意义方面要与作主语的名词或代词保持一致。 I am a football player. He is my classmate. They are some rules to tell you. 2．语法一致 (1)由and，both ...and ...连接的两个或两个以上的单词或短语作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 Pens and books are necessary for our students. Both Jordon and Yao Ming are famous stars. (2)若 and 连接的主语是指同一个人、同一件事物或同一个概念，谓语动词则用单数． The writer and teacher is a young lady. Bread and butter is ordinary in England. 3．就近原则 (1)there be 句型中，be 动词的单复数和 be 动词后离它最近的名词的单复数保持一致。 There are four desks and one table in the room. There is one table and four desks in the room. (2)当主语由or，either...or...，neither... nor..., not only... but also...连接时，谓语动词的单复数和离它最近的主语的单复数保持一致。 He or she was late for school this morning . Neither my father nor my brothers are football fans. 4．就远原则：当主语由 with，together with, as well as，but，except连接时，谓语动词的单复数应该和前面的主语的单复数保持一致。 The teacher as well as the students looks happy. Tom together with his parents is going to the cinema tonight. Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空 1．Both of Lisa's parents 　 are 　 (be) teachers. 2．Either the twins or their elder brother 　 is 　 (be) right. 3．Li Wei and I 　study　 (study) hard at school. 4．Not only Tim but also his friends 　are　 (be) going to see a film tonight. 5．Both he and his wife 　 enjoy 　(enjoy) tennis. 6．There 　is　 some ice on the lake. Ⅱ.单项选择 1．My father 　______　 ill yesterday. A．isn't　　　　　　　 B．aren't C．wasn't D．weren't 2．　______　 your parents at home last week? A．Is B．Was C．Are D．Were 3．The twins 　______　 in Dalian last year. They 　______　 here now. A．are；were B．were；are C．was；are D．were；was 4．　______　 your father at work the day 　________　yesterday(前天)? A．Was；before B．Is；before C．Was；after D．Is；after 5．－Who was on duty last Friday? －　________　. A．I am B．I was C．Yes, I was D．No, I wasn't 答案：1－5　CDBAB 如何写建议信 英语建议信的写作可以采用三段式结构 1．首先开头要说明提建议的缘由，并且对自己的立场作一些解释，要求写作语言精简，切忌长篇大论。 2．中段保证结构清晰，围绕问题，科学婉转地提出建议。建议的安排应有一定的逻辑顺序，充分考虑对方的实际情况，表达时应选择得体用语，切忌用语生硬、泛泛而谈。 3．尾段应再次陈述自己的立场，说明这样做的益处并简单予以希望。希望自己的建议能对对方有所帮助。 Gina最近遇到了一个问题，她给某杂志的专栏作者Jenny写了一封信，以寻求帮助。 Dear Jenny， I am not well these days because I can't sleep well.I always think about the things in the daytime.I don't know what I should do. Can you help me? Thanks a lot! Yours， Gina 根据信件内容及下列提示内容，帮Jenny给Mrs.Smith写一封回信。80～120词。 提示：1.尽量放松，不要想太多； 2．睡前做些运动 ； 3．在床上听一些轻音乐。 __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ ●[审题谋篇] 体裁 应用文 话题 谈论问题，提出建议 时态 一般现在时 人称 第一、二人称 ●[重点词汇] 1．　relax　放松 2．　exercise　锻炼 3．　sleep　睡觉 4．　light music　轻音乐 5．　advice/suggestion　建议 6．　trouble/problem　苦恼 7．　try to　尽量 8．　care about　在意 9．　too much　太多 10．　go to bed　睡觉 11．　listen to music　听音乐 12．　do sports　锻炼 13．　worry about　担心 14．　work out　解决 ●[重点句型] 1．I'm sorry to hear 　that you can't sleep well　. 听到你睡不好，我很抱歉。 2．First of all , you'd better 　try to relax and not care about too much　. 首先，你最好试着放松，不要太在意。 3．Next，Why not 　listen to some light music　 when you are in bed? 接下来，为什么不在床上听一些轻音乐呢？ 4．I hope 　these can help you　. 我希望这些能帮助你。 ●[连句成篇] __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ [参考范文] Dear Gina, I'm sorry to hear that you can't sleep well.Don't worry about that.Here are some pieces of advice. First of all, you'd better try to relax and not care about too much.Secondly，you can do more exercise before you go to sleep.It will help you go to sleep very quickly.Next，why not listen to some light music when you are in bed? Finally，if it's really serious, you'd better see a doctor. I hope these can help you.You will be better soon. Yours， Jenny Bob 最近很烦，因为他在学校没有很多朋友，写信向你求助。 请你以李华的名义给Bob回信，给他提出几条合理的建议： 1．尽量主动(active)，多参加一些课外活动； 2．对他人要友善，见面打招呼； 3．尽量去帮助同学解决问题。 Dear Bob， I am sorry to hear that ________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ Yours， Li Hua [参考范文] Dear Bob， I am sorry to hear that　 you are unhappy because you have few friends at school.Don't worry about that.Here are some good suggestions for you. First of all, you'd better try to be more active.For example, you should take part in some after­class activities with classmates.Secondly, be friendly to others.When you meet or leave him or her, say hello or goodbye to someone.Finally，Why not help others when they have troubles.It will make you more popular. I hope these can help you.Everything will work out soon. 　Yours，　 　Li Hua　 $$ Section 4　Grammar and Writing 一、一般过去时 1．一般过去时的定义 一般过去时表示过去某一时候或某一段时间所发生了的事情或存在的状态。 常与一般过去时连用的时间有： (1)与ago连用： two minutes / three hours / five days / one week/a moment ... ago (2)与last 连用： last week/month/time... (3)与yesterday连用： yesterday morning / night / evening... (4)与that 连用： that morning/winter/day/year (5)介词＋过去时间名词 in 1991/on the morning of June 1st (6)其他时间标志词 just now/once upon a time/long long ago/when I was 8 years old 2．用法说明 (1)表示在过去某个时间所发生的动作或所处的状态。 He was here just now.他刚才还在这里。 What did you do yesterday? 你昨天做了什么事？ (2)在过去一段时间内的经常性或习惯性动作。 We often played together when we were children. 我们小时候常在一起玩。 注意： 表示过去经常发生的动作还可用used to 和would。 He used to smoke a lot，but he doesn't now. 他过去经常抽烟，但现在不抽了。 Whenever we were in trouble，he would help us. 每当我们遇到困难，他都会帮助我们。 (3)表示一系列的动作，尽管有先后，都用一般过去时，最后两个动词之间用and连接。 He opened the door，rushed out and then disappeared. 他打开门，冲了出去，然后就消失了。 (4)注意在语境中理解 “我刚才/原来还不……”。 －Your phone number again? I didn't quite catch it. －It's 2566666. ——请再说一次你的电话号码，好吗？我刚才没听清楚。 ——是2566666。 (5)表示主语过去的特征或性格。 At that time she was very good at English. 那时她英语学得很好。 (6)用在状语从句中表示过去将来。 He said he would wait until they came back. 他说他会等到他们回来。 (7)一般过去时有时可以表示现在，多与 want，hope，wonder，think，intend 等动词连用，使语气更委婉。 I wondered if you could help me. 不知你能不能帮我一下。 (8)有时用一般过去时也是时态一致的需要。 I didn't know you were here. 我不知道你在这里。 2．一般过去时代替完成时 (1)两个动作如按顺序发生，又不强调先后，或用then，and，but 等连词时，多用一般过去时。 When she saw the mouse，she screamed. 当她看到老鼠时，她尖叫起来。 My aunt gave me a hat and I lost it. 我姑妈给了我一顶帽子，我把它弄丢了。 (2)两个动作相继发生，可用一般过去时；如第一个动作需要若干时间完成，用过去完成时。 When I heard the news，I was very excited. 当我听到这个消息时，我非常兴奋。 (3)叙述历史事实，可不用过去完成时，而只用一般过去时。 Our teacher told us that Columbus discovered America in 1492. 我们的老师告诉我们在1492年哥伦布发现了新大陆。 3．一般过去时句型构成 (1)肯定句 “主语＋动词过去式＋其他”或者“主语＋was/were＋其他”。 I played tennis last weekend. 我上周末打网球了。 (2)否定句 “主语＋didn't＋动词原形＋其他”或“主语＋wasn't/weren't＋其他”。 The girl didn't play computer games yesterday afternoon. 这个女孩昨天下午没玩电脑游戏。 (3)一般疑问句 “Did＋主语＋动词原形＋其他？ ”或 “Was/Were＋主语＋其他？” －Did you go to the beach？你们去海滩了吗？ －Yes，we did./No，we didn't.是的，我们去了。/不，我们没有。 (4)特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词＋一般疑问句(顺序)? —What did Li Lei do last weekend? 李雷上周末干什么了？ —He visited his grandparents. 他去看了他的祖父母。 4．一般过去时对谓语动词的要求 一般过去时用动词的过去式构成。即一般过去时的谓语动词要用动词的过去式。动词过去式的构成分规则变化和不规则变化两种形式，不规则变化通常需要逐个记忆，规则变化则遵循以下原则： (1)一般在动词后加­ed。如：play－played，offer－offered，weigh－weighed，destroy－destroyed，sign－signed。 (2)在以字母e结尾的动词后，只加­d。如：like－liked，provide－provided，hate－hated，date－dated。 (3)在以 “辅音字母＋y”结尾的动词后，则改y为i，再加­ed。如：supply－supplied，fly－flied，study－studied。 (4)在以单短元音的重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母(即辅元辅结构)的动词后，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加­ed。如：plan－planned，refer－referred，regret－regretted，ban－banned。 Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空 1．－Have you ever been to Shanghai? －Of course.Actually，I 　________　 (work) there for six years but now I live in Taizhou. 2．－There is someone knocking at the door. －It must be the computer repairman.I 　________　 (call) him to come to fix my computer. 3．David is a tennis player.He 　________　 (begin) to play tennis when he was six years old. 4．While she 　________　 (watch) TV，she 　________　 (hear) a sound outside the room. 5．As we all know，the Silk Road 　________　 (connect) China to the west in ancient times. 答案：1.worked　2.called　3.began　4.was watching；heard　5.connected Ⅱ.单项选择 1．－Great changes have taken place in our hometown over the past years. －Yeah.Things 　________　 different from when we were young. A．have been　　　　　　 B．are C．will be D．were 解析：D　[句意：——在过去的几年里，我们家乡发生了巨大的变化。——是的。跟我们年轻时的情况不同。A.have been现在完成时态；B.are一般现在时态；C.will be一般将来时态；D.were一般过去时态。根据后文when we were young可知，本题be动词使用一般过去式。故选D。] 2．－Li Ming，could you come and help me in the garden，please? －Sorry，Mom.I 　________　 Lucy with her Chinese now. A．help B．helped C．am helping D．have helped 解析：C　[考查动词的时态。问句问的是 “李明，你能到花园里帮我一下吗？”根据答句中“Sorry，Mom.I 　________　 Lucy with her Chinese now.”可知，李明正在帮露西学语文，是正在发生的动作，用现在进行时，故选C。] 3．The Blacks have moved into the new house.They 　________　 it at a low price. A．buy B．have bought C．bought D．will buy 解析：C　[考查时态。句意：布莱克一家搬进了新房子，他们以低价买了它。buy买；have bought现在完成时结构；bought(buy的过去式)；will buy一般将来时结构。分析句意，布莱克一家搬进了新房子，说明房子是过去买的，表示过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故选C。] 4．－I have seen the film The Jurassic World.It's very interesting. －Really? When 　________　 you 　________　 it? A．have；seen B．did；see C．will；see D．do；see 解析：B　[句意：——我已经看过电影《侏罗纪世界》了。它非常有趣。——真的吗？你什么时候看的？考查一般过去时。A.现在完成时；B.一般过去时；C.一般将来时；D.一般现在时。根据“I have seen the film The Jurassic World.”可知，电影已经看过了，过去发生的事要用一般过去时，故选B。] 5．－Haven't you handed in your project? －Yes.My classmates and I 　________　 on it for the whole weekend. A．have worked B．are working C．work D．worked 解析：D　[考查一般过去时态。句意：——你没有把你的项目交上来吗？——交了，我和我的同学一起工作了整个周末。have worked现在完成时态；are working现在进行时态；work工作，动词原形；worked一般过去时。工作了整个周末，这件事发生在过去，用一般过去时态，谓语动词用过去式worked。故选D。] 6．I cleaned my classroom 　________　. A．with three hours B．three hours ago C．in three hours D．three hours before 7．－　________　？ －He did some reading at home. A．What does your father do yesterday evening B．What does your brother do in the school C．What did your brother do over the weekend D．Where did your brother go last Sunday 8．What did you do 　________　 ? I went to the movies. A．next morning B．over the weekend C．in the weekend D．next Monday 答案：6－8　BCB 二、主谓一致(Ⅱ) 1．定义：主谓一致是指谓语在人称、数及意义方面要与作主语的名词或代词保持一致。 I am a football player. He is my classmate. They are some rules to tell you. 2．语法一致 (1)由and，both ...and ...连接的两个或两个以上的单词或短语作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 Pens and books are necessary for our students. Both Jordon and Yao Ming are famous stars. (2)若 and 连接的主语是指同一个人、同一件事物或同一个概念，谓语动词则用单数． The writer and teacher is a young lady. Bread and butter is ordinary in England. 3．就近原则 (1)there be 句型中，be 动词的单复数和 be 动词后离它最近的名词的单复数保持一致。 There are four desks and one table in the room. There is one table and four desks in the room. (2)当主语由or，either...or...，neither... nor..., not only... but also...连接时，谓语动词的单复数和离它最近的主语的单复数保持一致。 He or she was late for school this morning . Neither my father nor my brothers are football fans. 4．就远原则：当主语由 with，together with, as well as，but，except连接时，谓语动词的单复数应该和前面的主语的单复数保持一致。 The teacher as well as the students looks happy. Tom together with his parents is going to the cinema tonight. Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空 1．Both of Lisa's parents 　_are_　 (be) teachers. 2．Either the twins or their elder brother 　_is_　 (be) right. 3．Li Wei and I 　study　 (study) hard at school. 4．Not only Tim but also his friends 　are　 (be) going to see a film tonight. 5．Both he and his wife 　_enjoy_　(enjoy) tennis. 6．There 　is　 some ice on the lake. Ⅱ.单项选择 1．My father 　______　 ill yesterday. A．isn't　　　　　　　 B．aren't C．wasn't D．weren't 2．　______　 your parents at home last week? A．Is B．Was C．Are D．Were 3．The twins 　______　 in Dalian last year. They 　______　 here now. A．are；were B．were；are C．was；are D．were；was 4．　______　 your father at work the day 　________　yesterday(前天)? A．Was；before B．Is；before C．Was；after D．Is；after 5．－Who was on duty last Friday? －　________　. A．I am B．I was C．Yes, I was D．No, I wasn't 答案：1－5　CDBAB 如何写建议信 英语建议信的写作可以采用三段式结构 1．首先开头要说明提建议的缘由，并且对自己的立场作一些解释，要求写作语言精简，切忌长篇大论。 2．中段保证结构清晰，围绕问题，科学婉转地提出建议。建议的安排应有一定的逻辑顺序，充分考虑对方的实际情况，表达时应选择得体用语，切忌用语生硬、泛泛而谈。 3．尾段应再次陈述自己的立场，说明这样做的益处并简单予以希望。希望自己的建议能对对方有所帮助。 Gina最近遇到了一个问题，她给某杂志的专栏作者Jenny写了一封信，以寻求帮助。 Dear Jenny， I am not well these days because I can't sleep well.I always think about the things in the daytime.I don't know what I should do. Can you help me? Thanks a lot! Yours， Gina 根据信件内容及下列提示内容，帮Jenny给Mrs.Smith写一封回信。80～120词。 提示：1.尽量放松，不要想太多； 2．睡前做些运动 ； 3．在床上听一些轻音乐。 ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ●[审题谋篇] 体裁 应用文 话题 谈论问题，提出建议 时态 一般现在时 人称 第一、二人称 ●[重点词汇] 1．　relax　放松 2．　exercise　锻炼 3．　sleep　睡觉 4．　light_music　轻音乐 5．　advice/suggestion　建议 6．　trouble/problem　苦恼 7．　try_to　尽量 8．　care_about　在意 9．　too_much　太多 10．　go_to_bed　睡觉 11．　listen_to_music　听音乐 12．　do_sports　锻炼 13．　worry_about　担心 14．　work_out　解决 ●[重点句型] 1．I'm sorry to hear 　that_you_can't_sleep_well　. 听到你睡不好，我很抱歉。 2．First of all , you'd better 　try_to_relax_and_not_care_about_too_much　. 首先，你最好试着放松，不要太在意。 3．Next，Why not 　listen_to_some_light_music　 when you are in bed? 接下来，为什么不在床上听一些轻音乐呢？ 4．I hope 　these_can_help_you　. 我希望这些能帮助你。 ●[连句成篇] ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ [参考范文] Dear Gina, I'm sorry to hear that you can't sleep well.Don't worry about that.Here are some pieces of advice. First of all, you'd better try to relax and not care about too much.Secondly，you can do more exercise before you go to sleep.It will help you go to sleep very quickly.Next，why not listen to some light music when you are in bed? Finally，if it's really serious, you'd better see a doctor. I hope these can help you.You will be better soon. Yours， Jenny Bob 最近很烦，因为他在学校没有很多朋友，写信向你求助。 请你以李华的名义给Bob回信，给他提出几条合理的建议： 1．尽量主动(active)，多参加一些课外活动； 2．对他人要友善，见面打招呼； 3．尽量去帮助同学解决问题。 Dear Bob， I am sorry to hear that ______________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Yours， Li Hua [参考范文] 　Dear_Bob，　 　I_am_sorry_to_hear_that　 you are unhappy because you have few friends at school.Don't worry about that.Here are some good suggestions for you. First of all, you'd better try to be more active.For example, you should take part in some after­class activities with classmates.Secondly, be friendly to others.When you meet or leave him or her, say hello or goodbye to someone.Finally，Why not help others when they have troubles.It will make you more popular. I hope these can help you.Everything will work out soon. 　Yours，　 　Li_Hua　 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Some years ago there was an old woman.She had no children because she did not like children at all.But she loved cats.She had mother cats and baby cats.She had black cats and white cats.The children in the neighborhood came to her house to play with the cats.More and more cats came to the old woman's house. There were too many cats.The old woman couldn't(不能) 　feed　 them all.Then she had an idea (主意)．“The children love my cats，” she thought (想)．So she gave each child a cat.Then she was very happy.And the children were very happy, too.And the cats were pleased, too, because they each had a room. 1．The old woman liked 　________　. A．cats　　　　　　　 B．baby C．old people D．children 2．Why did the children come to the woman's house? A．To look at her house. B．To help the old woman. C．To play with the cats. D．To buy young cats. 3．The word “feed” in the passage means　________　. A．give food to　　　　 B．look after C．live with D．play games 4．The woman gave each child a cat because　________　. A．the children liked the cats B．she couldn't feed so many cats C．more cats came to her house D．children came to her house very day 5．Finally (最后) the woman 　________　. A．began to love children B．sold (卖掉) all her cats to children C．bought enough food for the children's cats D．could get enough (足够的) food for the cats in her house 答案：1－5　ACABD B Tom is a 16­year­old boy.He really likes sports.He says sports make him healthy and relaxed.But his best friend is quiet.Sometimes his friend likes sharing his favourite books with him.But Tom doesn't like them.He thinks they are boring. “In fact，I want to tell him I have different hobbies，” Tom said.“But I don't want to hurt his feelings and hurt our friendship.What can I do？” Friends can be different.This is very common.It is important to talk with your friends.But you should be careful about how to talk with them.Here are some tips for you. First, listen carefully to your friends.Although you may want to explain yourself, listening to your friends first may keep you calm.You will also better understand your friends. Next, express yourself politely.Remember, you are not trying to argue.Winning or losing is not important.Don't try to make your friends think like you. Lastly and most importantly, show your friends that you 　value　 your friendship even if you disagree about something.Real friends respect each other. 6．From the passage we know that Tom doesn't want to 　________　. A．hurt his friend's feelings B．talk to his best friend C．make friends with others D．love his best friend 7．How many tips are given in the passage? A．3. B．4. C．5. D．6. 8．In which column(栏目) of a magazine can we read the passage? A．Music. B．Nature. C．Friends. D．Family. 9．The underlined word “value” here means “　________　” in Chinese. A．发现 B．失去 C．照顾 D．珍惜 10．What will Tom do next according to the passage? A．He will argue with his friend. B．He will force his friend to like sports. C．He will talk to his friend politely. D．He will not talk with his friend anymore. 答案：6－10　AACDC Ⅱ.书面表达 假设你是 Lily，你想投稿参加你校英语报“Here you say”栏目举办的活动，阐述自己关于友谊的观点。请根据以下要点。给主编写一封信。 要点：(1)What do you often do with your best friend? (2)What can you learn from your friend? (3) What should you do to be friends forever? 要求：(1)80～120词； (2)开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； (3)须包含所有要点，可适当发挥，以使行文连贯。 参考词：一起做家庭作业 do homework together；活跃的 active；诚实的honest Dear editor， As we all know，friends play an important role in our life.My best friend is ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Yours， Lily [参考范文] 　Dear_editor，　 　As_we_all_know,_friends_play_an_important_role_in_our_life.My_best_friend_is　 Mary.She is my roommate.She is quite an active girl.We often do homework together.She plays an important role in my daily life.She helps me a lot in both my study and life.Sometimes, she gives me some useful tips when I have trouble.She also encourages me when I'm upset.She shares happiness and sorrow with me. If we want to be friends forever, it's necessary to be honest, keep promises and never lie to your friend. 　Yours，　 　Lily 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$