精品解析：广东省深圳高级中学2024-2025学年七年级下学期期末测试英语试卷

深圳高级中学（集团）2024-2025学年第二学期期末测试初一英语 命题人：谢欣彤 郑燕纯 审题人：谢华杰 注意事项： 1、答题前，考生务必将在答题卡写上姓名、班级，准考证号用2B铅笔涂写在答题卡上。 2、每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动用橡皮擦干净后，再涂其它答案，不能答在试题卷上。 3、考试结束，监考人员将答题卡收回。 第一部分 选择题(共50分) I. 完形填空(10分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。(共10小题，每小题1分) Thomas Edison was a great inventor. One of his biggest dreams was to make a light bulb that used electricity and could stay on for a ___1___ time. But Edison had a ___2___. He needed to find the right material for the filament (灯丝)—the tiny wire inside the light bulb that glows (发光) when electricity runs through it. Edison and his team tried many ___3___ things. They tested wood, paper, hair, cotton, and even strange materials (材料) that nobody had thought of before. In total, they tested more than 1,600 kinds of materials. None of them worked ___4___. People said Edison was failing but he didn’t agree. He said, “I did not fail. I just found 10,000 ways that didn’t ___5___.” Edison believed that hard work and trying again were the ___6___ to success. He kept working day after day, even when he was tired. ___7___, Edison and his team found a material that worked! It was a special kind of cotton, burned in a certain way. When electricity ___8___ it, the filament glowed and the light stayed on. He showed the world that great things need ___9___. Never call it “failure” when you try, call it “learning.” Keep testing, keep ____10____, and your bright idea will shine too. 1. A. short B. long C. good D. little 2. A. project B. chance C. problem D. question 3. A. same B. similar C. difficult D. different 4. A. hard B. quickly C. well D. slowly 5. A. break B. work C. burn D. finish 6. A. lists B. parts C. keys D. results 7. A. Actually B. Hardly C. Eventually D. Nearly 8. A. passed through B. put out C. got down D. got up 9. A. love B. money C. patience D. luck 10. A. flying B. hoping C. dancing D. sleeping Ⅱ.阅读理解(40分) 第一节 阅读下列短文，从下面每小题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。(共15小题，每小题1.5分) A Yao Ming Born in 1980 Birthplace: Shanghai, China Career: Basketball player Yao Ming is one of China’s most famous basketball stars. He played in the NBA in America and became a bridge between Chinese and Western sports. After retiring (退休), he works to improve Chinese basketball and helps young sportsmen. He shows that hard work and teamwork can make dreams come true. Nan Rendong Born in 1945 Birthplace: Jilin, China Career: Scientist Nan Rendong was a scientist who built “China’s Sky Eye”—the world’s largest radio telescope (望远镜). He worked for 20 years in lonely mountains, even when he was sick. His telescope helps humans explore space. He proved that big dreams need patience and never giving up. Cao Yuan Born in 1996 Birthplace: Sichuan, China Career: Physicist Cao Yuan is called China’s “science star.” At age 22, he made a big discovery about graphene (石墨烯). Many countries wanted him, but he chose to work in China. He shows that young people can do great things with hard work. Louis Koo Born in 1970 Birthplace: Hong Kong, China Career: Actor film producer Louis Koo is a famous movie actor, but he’s also a quiet hero. For 20 years, he has used his money to build over 130 schools for poor children in China. He never talks about his good actions publicly. His actions show us that real kindness is helping others without wanting attention. 11. Who is the youngest person among the four persons in the passage? A. Yao Ming B. Nan Rendong C. Cao Yuan D. Louis Koo 12. What does Yao Ming do after he retired from the NBA? A. He starts a business about sports. B. He helps to make Chinese basketball better. C. He works as a basketball sportsman in America. D. He continues to play basketball in China and America. 13. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A. Nan Rendong built the world’s biggest radio telescope. B. Yao Ming only played basketball in China during his career. C. Cao Yuan made his major graphene discovery when he was 32. D. Louis Koo built schools and publicly talks about his good actions. 14. What do the four people have in common (共同) in the passage? A. They all worked in science and technology. B. They became rich and famous at a young age. C. They studied abroad before working in China. D. They helped improve China in different ways. 15. In which part of a magazine can we probably find this passage? A. Science. B. Sports. C. People. D. Art. B ①In 2023, China created the world’s largest wind turbine (涡轮机). The company that built it is called Mingyang Smart Energy. This amazing machine is called the MySE 16-260. It is an offshore wind turbine, which means it is placed in the ocean where the wind is strong. ②The MySE 16-260 is very large. Each of its blades (叶片) is 123 meters long— that’s longer than a soccer field! In one year, this wind turbine can produce enough electricity to power about 36,000 homes. ③Wind turbines work by using the wind to turn large blades. These blades make the machine go round to produce electricity. Wind energy is clean and does not pollute the air like coal or oil, which makes it better for the environment. ④Offshore wind turbines are important because they can catch stronger wind at sea and save land space. That’s why countries like China are building more wind farms in the ocean to get more clean energy. ⑤The MySE 16-260 shows that China is a leader in wind power technology. Building such a large turbine is a big step in fighting climate change. It is not only the world’s biggest wind turbine but also a symbol of a cleaner and greener future for us all. 16. What does the word “offshore” in paragraph 1 most likely mean? A. On land. B. In the air. C. In the sea. D. Near mountains. 17. What is special about the turbine’s blades according to paragraph 2 and 3? A. Each blade is 132 meters in length. B. Each blade turns water into electricity. C. Each blade is longer than a football field. D. Each blade can provide electricity for 36,000 homes. 18. Why are offshore wind turbines like the MySE 16-260 important? A. Because they can save space in the ocean. B. Because they build more farms in the ocean. C. Because they can make the sea wind stronger. D. Because they can get stronger wind and save space on land. 19. Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A. ①/②③④/⑤ B. ①②/③④/⑤ C. ①②③/④⑤ D. ①/②/③④⑤ 20. What is the main idea of the passage? A. The blades of the wind turbines are useful. B. Wind turbines work by turning large blades. C. China built the world’s biggest offshore wind turbine. D. Wind turbines brought a cleaner world to many countries. C Although the oceans cover about 71% of the Earth’s surface, there’s still a lot we don’t know about them. Only about 20% of the seafloor has been mapped, and the remaining 80% is still a secret to us. Some scientists even think that 91% of sea animals have yet to be discovered. So why do we know so little about the deep sea? Well, diving into the deep sea is very difficult and needs high technology. The first submarine (潜水艇) was built in 1620, and it could only go 5 metres deep. In fact, for a long time, many scientists thought nothing could live deeper than 550 metres. So, they didn’t try to explore the deep sea. However, this changed in 1862 when life was discovered as far down as 945 metres below sea level with the help of a digging machine. Ten years later, people found about 4,700 new sea species (物种). Since then, high technology has been developed to help explore the deep sea. But why is deep-sea exploration still so difficult? Well, it is freezing at greater depths, everything is completely dark, and the pressure (压力) can be over 1, 000 times greater than that on the surface. Although we have many difficulties, it’s important to understand the seas. They help control the Earth’s temperature and produce half of the oxygen in the air. They can also tell us about climate change. Our future depends on learning more about our oceans, and it is possible for us to really understand what is ongoing below the surface. 21. Why are some numbers listed in paragraph 1? A. To introduce how important the oceans are. B. To talk about why sea animals have yet to be found. C To explain that the oceans cover a large area of the Earth. D. To show that we only have a little understanding of the oceans. 22. Why didn’t scientists explore the deep sea for a long time? A. Because the deep sea was too dangerous for humans. B. Because early submarines could dive very deep easily. C. Because they thought the technology was too expensive. D. Because they believed no life could survive under 550 metres. 23. Which of the following are the reasons why deep-sea exploration is difficult? a. The water is very cold there. b. The deep sea is very dark. c. The pressure is very high there. d. The waves are very strong there. A. abc B. abd C. bcd D. acd 24. What does the underlined word “They” in the last paragraph refer to? A. Sea animals. B. The seas. C. Difficulties. D. Many scientists. 25. What could be the best title of the text? A. The Climate of the Deep Sea B. The Future of the Deep Sea C. The Deep-Sea Exploration D. The Unknown Lives of the Deep Sea 阅读下面短文，并从方框里的六个句子中选择五个还原到原文中，使原文的意思完整、连贯。 Today, social media and TV shows about stars are very popular in China. Many young people love watching these shows and talking about their favorite stars. They spend hours every day following celebrities’ lives online. ____26____ First, we often see news about famous people doing bad things. These news reports get a lot of attention, even more than their stage performances do. ____27____ Second, many celebrities are very young. ____28____ Teenagers who look up to them might copy their mistakes. ____29____ Many kids today dream of becoming famous stars. They see celebrities on TV and social media and think it’s easy to become rich and popular. But in real life, very few people become stars. It’s important for young people to understand that what they see on TV and online isn’t always real. ____30____ Parents and teachers should also help them understand that being a good person is more important than being famous. A. Because they’re young and may not have much education, they sometimes make mistakes. B. They should think carefully about the things that they watch and learn. C. However, this can sometimes cause problems for teenagers. D. Social media makes more people see good things. E. Also, those bad influences of celebrities (名人) on children can be clearly seen in children’s career choices. F. Young fans might think these bad behaviors are normal because their idols (偶像) often do them. 第三节 信息匹配 下面的材料A～F分别是六位学长学姐的职业分享演讲。请根据Amy, Sara, Tom, Mike, Lily五位同学的听后感，选择他们各自聆听的演讲。 ____31____Amy: The speaker designs buildings on computers. Her drawings will be turned into real houses. ____32____Sara: It sounds special to take videos of animals in forests. The speaker often waits for a long time at work. ____33____Tom: This person works in a hospital to help sick people. He uses special tools for heart checks. ____34____Mike: The speaker guides tourists to historical sites and tell stories in different languages She needs to travel to different places as well. ____35____Lily: The speaker needs to solve problems logically in their work. Teamwork is often not a must for the job. A. I help sick people in a hospital. Every day I check hearts with special tools. It is common to work for long hours, but seeing patients get better brings me joy. B. My job is to create computer programs. Logical (逻辑的) thinking is important to solve problems in my work. I often work alone but never feel bored. C I guide visitors through places of interest and museums. I tell historical stories in English and French. The best part of my job is to travel to new places. D. I design houses. I draw building plans on computers and check safety rules. The magic moment is when my drawings become real buildings. E. Being a researcher, I study animals’ lives in woods. Patience is the key to understanding their habits. Our goal is to protect endangered animals. F. As a nature filmmaker, I record wild animals in forests. I need to wait for hours to catch special moments. It’s meaningful to protect nature through my cameras. 第二部分 非选择题(共25分) III. 根据所给词的适当形式填空（共10小题，每小题0.5分） 36. The cat ________ (drop) the toy mouse on the floor yesterday. 37. She is the most ________ (power) person in the team, so she is able to make the decision. 38. The ________ (connect) between smoking and heart disease is well-known. 39. I didn’t ________ (actual) see her. I just heard her voice. 40. This museum has ________ (education) games for kids to learn science. 41. The government plans to attract a few ________ (industry) to this area, such as the tourist industry and the computer industry. 42. The farmer ________ (feed) all the ducks with corn last week . 43. The baby showed ________ (curious) about the colorful balloons. 44. Look! The scientists in white coats are ________ (compare) the test data carefully. 45. The new medicine could ________ (possible) work better in the future. IV.语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A long time ago, there was a girl named Nüwa. She was a ____46____ (live) girl and the daughter of the Yan Emperor. One day, she went to the Eastern Sea to have some fun. But big waves ____47____ (come) one after another. After a serious fight against the angry sea, Nüwa lost all of her strength and drowned (溺水的). ____48____ a poor little girl! After she died, Nüwa turned into a bird called Jingwei. It had a colorful head, a white beak, and red ____49____ (foot). Jingwei told ____50____ (she) that she would never forget what the sea had done. She also wanted to keep other people from drowning. So Jingwei ____51____ (decide) to carry small branches (树枝) and stones from the Western Mountains to fill up the Eastern Sea. It was not ____52____ easy task. Many people believed Jingwei was ____53____ (able) to make it. But Jingwei didn’t give up and was proud ____54____ her decision. Luckily, she gradually got used to ____55____ (fly) between the Western Mountains and the Eastern Sea. Now in China, we have a saying: “Jingwei fills up the sea.” Jingwei is remembered for its strong will to change something as unchangeable as the Eastern Sea. V. 书面表达(15分) 56. 假设你是李华，为响应世界读书日主题活动中深圳发起的“息屏一小时”（Screen-off for One Hour）倡议，你将作为学生代表在升旗仪式上发表英语演讲。请写一篇演讲稿，倡议同学们放下电子设备，培养线下爱好。 要点： 1. 介绍一项你的线下爱好。 2. 讲述此爱好的形成过程及对你的影响。 3. 呼吁同学们积极参与“息屏一小时”活动，培养线下爱好。 提示词：offline hobbies线下爱好 注意： 1. 词数为80左右； 2 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 文中不能出现真实姓名及学校名称； 4. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear students, I am Lihua. I proudly stand here to talk about Shenzhen’s meaningful activity — “Screen-off for One Hour”. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you for your listening! 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 深圳高级中学（集团）2024-2025学年第二学期期末测试初一英语 命题人：谢欣彤 郑燕纯 审题人：谢华杰 注意事项： 1、答题前，考生务必将在答题卡写上姓名、班级，准考证号用2B铅笔涂写在答题卡上。 2、每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动用橡皮擦干净后，再涂其它答案，不能答在试题卷上。 3、考试结束，监考人员将答题卡收回。 第一部分 选择题(共50分) I. 完形填空(10分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。(共10小题，每小题1分) Thomas Edison was a great inventor. One of his biggest dreams was to make a light bulb that used electricity and could stay on for a ___1___ time. But Edison had a ___2___. He needed to find the right material for the filament (灯丝)—the tiny wire inside the light bulb that glows (发光) when electricity runs through it. Edison and his team tried many ___3___ things. They tested wood, paper, hair, cotton, and even strange materials (材料) that nobody had thought of before. In total, they tested more than 1,600 kinds of materials. None of them worked ___4___. People said Edison was failing but he didn’t agree. He said, “I did not fail. I just found 10,000 ways that didn’t ___5___.” Edison believed that hard work and trying again were the ___6___ to success. He kept working day after day, even when he was tired. ___7___, Edison and his team found a material that worked! It was a special kind of cotton, burned in a certain way. When electricity ___8___ it, the filament glowed and the light stayed on. He showed the world that great things need ___9___. Never call it “failure” when you try, call it “learning.” Keep testing, keep ____10____, and your bright idea will shine too. 1. A. short B. long C. good D. little 2. A. project B. chance C. problem D. question 3. A. same B. similar C. difficult D. different 4. A. hard B. quickly C. well D. slowly 5. A. break B. work C. burn D. finish 6. A. lists B. parts C. keys D. results 7. A. Actually B. Hardly C. Eventually D. Nearly 8. A. passed through B. put out C. got down D. got up 9. A. love B. money C. patience D. luck 10. A. flying B. hoping C. dancing D. sleeping 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 4. C 5. B 6. C 7. C 8. A 9. C 10. B 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了爱迪生通过坚持不懈的努力和反复试验，最终发明电灯的故事，强调耐心和坚持是成功的关键。 【1题详解】 句意：他那些伟大的梦想中的其中一个就是制作使用电并且能持续很长一段时间的灯泡。 short短的；long长的；good好的；little小的。根据下文“the filament glowed and the light stayed on.”可知，他的目标是让灯泡长时间发光。故选B。 【2题详解】 句意：但爱迪生遇到一个问题。 project项目；chance机会；problem问题；question疑问。根据下文“ He needed to find the right material for the filament (灯丝)—the tiny wire inside the light bulb that glows (发光) when electricity runs through it.”可知，他需要找到合适的灯丝材料，这是一个具体的问题。故选C。 【3题详解】 句意：爱迪生和他的团队尝试了许多不同的东西。 same相同的；similar相似的；difficult困难的；different不同的。根据“They tested wood, paper, hair, cotton, and even strange materials (材料) that nobody had thought of before.”可知，他们测试了木头、纸张、头发等多样材料，强调尝试的多样性。故选D。 【4题详解】 句意：它们都不能起到很好的效果。 hard努力地；quickly快速地；well好地；slowly缓慢地。work well“起到好的效果”，此处表示材料未能达到理想效果，用“well”最贴切。故选C。 【5题详解】 句意：我只是找到了1万种不奏效的方法。 break断裂；work起作用；burn燃烧；finish完成。根据上文“ None of them worked…”可知，此处应用work与“成功”对应，强调方法“无效”。故选B。 【6题详解】 句意：爱迪生认为努力和反复尝试是成功的关键。 lists清单；parts部分；keys关键；results结果。keys to success为固定搭配，意为“成功的关键”。故选C。 【7题详解】 句意：最终，爱迪生的团队找到了一种可行的材料！ Actually实际上；Hardly几乎不；Eventually最终；Nearly几乎。根据上文“He kept working day after day, even when he was tired.”可知，他经过多次试验后，最终有了结果。故选C。 【8题详解】 句意：当电流通过它时，灯丝发光。 passed through通过；put out熄灭；got down写下；got up起床。根据“the filament glowed and the light stayed on.”可知，电流通过灯丝，灯泡长亮。故选A。 【9题详解】 句意：他告诉世界，伟大的成就需要耐心。 love爱；money金钱；patience耐心；luck运气。根据上文“He kept working day after day, even when he was tired.”可知，全文主旨强调“坚持和耐心”。故选C。 【10题详解】 句意：继续测试，继续希望，你的好主意终会发光。 flying飞行；hoping希望；dancing跳舞；sleeping睡觉。根据“Never call it “failure” when you try, call it “learning.” Keep testing, keep…, and your bright idea will shine too.”可知，此处强调与“坚持实验”并列，保持“希望”最契合文意。故选B。 Ⅱ.阅读理解(40分) 第一节 阅读下列短文，从下面每小题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。(共15小题，每小题1.5分) A Yao Ming Born in 1980 Birthplace: Shanghai, China Career: Basketball player Yao Ming is one of China’s most famous basketball stars. He played in the NBA in America and became a bridge between Chinese and Western sports. After retiring (退休), he works to improve Chinese basketball and helps young sportsmen. He shows that hard work and teamwork can make dreams come true. Nan Rendong Born in 1945 Birthplace: Jilin, China Career: Scientist Nan Rendong was a scientist who built “China’s Sky Eye”—the world’s largest radio telescope (望远镜). He worked for 20 years in lonely mountains, even when he was sick. His telescope helps humans explore space. He proved that big dreams need patience and never giving up. Cao Yuan Born in 1996 Birthplace: Sichuan, China Career: Physicist Cao Yuan is called China’s “science star.” At age 22, he made a big discovery about graphene (石墨烯). Many countries wanted him, but he chose to work in China. He shows that young people can do great things with hard work. Louis Koo Born in 1970 Birthplace: Hong Kong, China Career: Actor, film producer Louis Koo is a famous movie actor, but he’s also a quiet hero. For 20 years, he has used his money to build over 130 schools for poor children in China. He never talks about his good actions publicly. His actions show us that real kindness is helping others without wanting attention. 11. Who is the youngest person among the four persons in the passage? A. Yao Ming B. Nan Rendong C. Cao Yuan D. Louis Koo 12. What does Yao Ming do after he retired from the NBA? A. He starts a business about sports. B. He helps to make Chinese basketball better. C. He works as a basketball sportsman in America. D. He continues to play basketball in China and America. 13. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A. Nan Rendong built the world’s biggest radio telescope. B. Yao Ming only played basketball in China during his career. C. Cao Yuan made his major graphene discovery when he was 32. D. Louis Koo built schools and publicly talks about his good actions. 14. What do the four people have in common (共同) in the passage? A. They all worked in science and technology. B. They became rich and famous at a young age. C. They studied abroad before working in China. D. They helped improve China in different ways. 15. In which part of a magazine can we probably find this passage? A. Science. B. Sports. C. People. D. Art. 【答案】11. C 12. B 13. A 14. D 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇人物介绍类文章，主要讲述了四位中国杰出人物（姚明、南仁东、曹原、古天乐）在不同领域（体育、科学、公益等）的成就和贡献。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章中对四人出生年份的描述： 姚明（1980年），南仁东（1945年），曹原（1996年），古天乐（1970年），可知曹原是最年轻的。故选C。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据“After retiring… he works to improve Chinese basketball and helps young sportsmen.”可知，姚明退役后从事篮球相关工作。故选B。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Nan Rendong… built ‘China’s Sky Eye’—the world’s largest radio telescope”可知，南仁东建造了世界上最大的射电望远镜。故选A。 【14题详解】 主旨大意题。四人共同点：姚明：推动中西体育交流；南仁东：促进中国科技发展；曹原：选择回国效力；古天乐：公益助学。均以不同方式助力中国发展。故选D。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。文章介绍四位不同领域的杰出人物，最可能出现在杂志的“人物”版块。故选C。 B ①In 2023, China created the world’s largest wind turbine (涡轮机). The company that built it is called Mingyang Smart Energy. This amazing machine is called the MySE 16-260. It is an offshore wind turbine, which means it is placed in the ocean where the wind is strong. ②The MySE 16-260 is very large. Each of its blades (叶片) is 123 meters long— that’s longer than a soccer field! In one year, this wind turbine can produce enough electricity to power about 36,000 homes. ③Wind turbines work by using the wind to turn large blades. These blades make the machine go round to produce electricity. Wind energy is clean and does not pollute the air like coal or oil, which makes it better for the environment. ④Offshore wind turbines are important because they can catch stronger wind at sea and save land space. That’s why countries like China are building more wind farms in the ocean to get more clean energy. ⑤The MySE 16-260 shows that China is a leader in wind power technology. Building such a large turbine is a big step in fighting climate change. It is not only the world’s biggest wind turbine but also a symbol of a cleaner and greener future for us all. 16. What does the word “offshore” in paragraph 1 most likely mean? A. On land. B. In the air. C. In the sea. D. Near mountains. 17. What is special about the turbine’s blades according to paragraph 2 and 3? A. Each blade is 132 meters in length. B. Each blade turns water into electricity. C. Each blade is longer than a football field. D. Each blade can provide electricity for 36,000 homes. 18. Why are offshore wind turbines like the MySE 16-260 important? A. Because they can save space in the ocean. B. Because they build more farms in the ocean. C. Because they can make the sea wind stronger. D. Because they can get stronger wind and save space on land. 19. Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A. ①/②③④/⑤ B. ①②/③④/⑤ C. ①②③/④⑤ D. ①/②/③④⑤ 20. What is the main idea of the passage? A. The blades of the wind turbines are useful. B. Wind turbines work by turning large blades. C. China built the world’s biggest offshore wind turbine. D. Wind turbines brought a cleaner world to many countries. 【答案】16. C 17. C 18. D 19. A 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国在2023年建造的全球最大海上风力涡轮机MySE 16-260，包括其特点、工作原理及环保意义。 【16题详解】 词义猜测题。根据“It is an offshore wind turbine, which means it is placed in the ocean where the wind is strong.”可知，它被安置在海洋中，可推知，划线单词表示在海洋中。故选C。 【17题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Each of its blades (叶片) is 123 meters long— that’s longer than a soccer field!”可知，每个叶片比一个足球场还要长。故选C。 【18题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Offshore wind turbines are important because they can catch stronger wind at sea and save land space”可知，海上风力涡轮机之所以重要，是因为它们能在海上捕捉更强的风力，同时节省陆地空间。故选D。 【19题详解】 篇章结构题。第一段引出主题“全球最大海上涡轮机”，第二到第四段从叶片尺寸、工作原理及海上优势具体介绍这个海上涡轮机；第五段进行总结。A选项符合其结构。故选A。 【20题详解】 主旨大意题。本文围绕中国建造全球最大海上风机MySE 16-260展开，重点说明其技术成就和环保意义。故选C。 C Although the oceans cover about 71% of the Earth’s surface, there’s still a lot we don’t know about them. Only about 20% of the seafloor has been mapped, and the remaining 80% is still a secret to us. Some scientists even think that 91% of sea animals have yet to be discovered. So why do we know so little about the deep sea? Well, diving into the deep sea is very difficult and needs high technology. The first submarine (潜水艇) was built in 1620, and it could only go 5 metres deep. In fact, for a long time, many scientists thought nothing could live deeper than 550 metres. So, they didn’t try to explore the deep sea. However, this changed in 1862 when life was discovered as far down as 945 metres below sea level with the help of a digging machine. Ten years later, people found about 4,700 new sea species (物种). Since then, high technology has been developed to help explore the deep sea. But why is deep-sea exploration still so difficult? Well, it is freezing at greater depths, everything is completely dark, and the pressure (压力) can be over 1, 000 times greater than that on the surface. Although we have many difficulties, it’s important to understand the seas. They help control the Earth’s temperature and produce half of the oxygen in the air. They can also tell us about climate change. Our future depends on learning more about our oceans, and it is possible for us to really understand what is ongoing below the surface. 21. Why are some numbers listed in paragraph 1? A. To introduce how important the oceans are. B. To talk about why sea animals have yet to be found. C. To explain that the oceans cover a large area of the Earth. D. To show that we only have a little understanding of the oceans. 22. Why didn’t scientists explore the deep sea for a long time? A. Because the deep sea was too dangerous for humans. B. Because early submarines could dive very deep easily. C. Because they thought the technology was too expensive. D. Because they believed no life could survive under 550 metres. 23. Which of the following are the reasons why deep-sea exploration is difficult? a. The water is very cold there. b. The deep sea is very dark. c. The pressure is very high there. d. The waves are very strong there. A. abc B. abd C. bcd D. acd 24. What does the underlined word “They” in the last paragraph refer to? A Sea animals. B. The seas. C. Difficulties. D. Many scientists. 25. What could be the best title of the text? A. The Climate of the Deep Sea B. The Future of the Deep Sea C. The Deep-Sea Exploration D. The Unknown Lives of the Deep Sea 【答案】21. D 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了人类对海洋的探索仍然非常有限，以及深海探索面临的困难和重要性。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第1段“Only about 20% of the seafloor has been mapped, and the remaining 80% is still a secret to us. Some scientists even think that 91% of sea animals have yet to be discovered.”可知，这些数字是为了说明人类对海洋的了解非常有限。故选D。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第2段“In fact, for a long time, many scientists thought nothing could live deeper than 550 metres. So, they didn’t try to explore the deep sea.”可知，科学家们长期未探索深海是因为他们认为550米以下没有生命。故选D。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第3段“it is freezing at greater depths, everything is completely dark, and the pressure can be over 1,000 times greater than that on the surface.”可知，深海探索的困难包括低温、黑暗和高压（a、b、c三项），但文中未提及“海浪很强”（d项）。故选A。 【24题详解】 词句猜测题。根据文章最后一段“Although we have many difficulties, it’s important to understand the seas. They help control the Earth’s temperature and produce half of the oxygen in the air.”可知，尽管我们面临许多困难，但了解海洋很重要。它们帮助调节地球温度并产生空气中一半的氧气。“They”指代前文提到的“the seas”。故选B。 【25题详解】 最佳标题题。全文围绕人类对深海探索展开，包括探索的现状、历史、困难以及重要性，因此最佳标题应概括深海探索的主题。选项C“The Deep-Sea Exploration”最贴合全文主旨。故选C。 阅读下面短文，并从方框里的六个句子中选择五个还原到原文中，使原文的意思完整、连贯。 Today, social media and TV shows about stars are very popular in China. Many young people love watching these shows and talking about their favorite stars. They spend hours every day following celebrities’ lives online. ____26____ First, we often see news about famous people doing bad things. These news reports get a lot of attention, even more than their stage performances do. ____27____ Second, many celebrities are very young. ____28____ Teenagers who look up to them might copy their mistakes. ____29____ Many kids today dream of becoming famous stars. They see celebrities on TV and social media and think it’s easy to become rich and popular. But in real life, very few people become stars. It’s important for young people to understand that what they see on TV and online isn’t always real. ____30____ Parents and teachers should also help them understand that being a good person is more important than being famous. A. Because they’re young and may not have much education, they sometimes make mistakes. B. They should think carefully about the things that they watch and learn. C. However, this can sometimes cause problems for teenagers. D. Social media makes more people see good things. E. Also, those bad influences of celebrities (名人) on children can be clearly seen in children’s career choices. F. Young fans might think these bad behaviors are normal because their idols (偶像) often do them. 【答案】26. C 27. F 28. A 29. E 30. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了社交媒体和电视节目上关于明星的内容在中国非常受欢迎的现象，以及这种现象对青少年可能带来的问题。 【26题详解】 根据“Today, social media and TV shows about stars are very popular in China. Many young people love watching these shows and talking about their favorite stars. They spend hours every day following celebrities’ lives online.”可知，此处引出了社交媒体和电视节目上明星内容受年轻人欢迎，并指出这有时会给青少年带来问题。选项C“然而，这有时会给青少年带来问题”符合语境。故选C。 【27题详解】 根据“First, we often see news about famous people doing bad things. These news reports get a lot of attention, even more than their stage performances do.”可知，此处描述了关于明星做坏事的新闻往往受到更多关注。选项F“年轻的粉丝可能会认为这些不良行为是正常的，因为他们的偶像经常这样做”符合语境。故选F。 【28题详解】 根据“Second, many celebrities are very young.”可知，此处指出许多名人很年轻。选项A“因为他们年轻，可能没有受过太多教育，所以有时会犯错”符合语境。故选A。 【29题详解】 根据“Many kids today dream of becoming famous stars. They see celebrities on TV and social media and think it’s easy to become rich and popular.”可知，此处讨论了孩子们受名人影响，梦想成为明星的现象。选项E“此外，名人对孩子的这些不良影响在孩子的职业选择上也能清晰地看出来”符合语境。故选E。 【30题详解】 根据“It’s important for young people to understand that what they see on TV and online isn’t always real.”可知，此处强调年轻人需要理解电视和网络上的内容并不总是真实的。选项B“他们应该仔细思考他们所看到和学习的东西”符合语境。故选B。 第三节 信息匹配 下面的材料A～F分别是六位学长学姐的职业分享演讲。请根据Amy, Sara, Tom, Mike, Lily五位同学的听后感，选择他们各自聆听的演讲。 ____31____Amy: The speaker designs buildings on computers. Her drawings will be turned into real houses. ____32____Sara: It sounds special to take videos of animals in forests. The speaker often waits for a long time at work. ____33____Tom: This person works in a hospital to help sick people. He uses special tools for heart checks. ____34____Mike: The speaker guides tourists to historical sites and tell stories in different languages. She needs to travel to different places as well. ____35____Lily: The speaker needs to solve problems logically in their work. Teamwork is often not a must for the job. A. I help sick people in a hospital. Every day I check hearts with special tools. It is common to work for long hours, but seeing patients get better brings me joy. B. My job is to create computer programs. Logical (逻辑的) thinking is important to solve problems in my work. I often work alone but never feel bored. C. I guide visitors through places of interest and museums. I tell historical stories in English and French. The best part of my job is to travel to new places. D. I design houses. I draw building plans on computers and check safety rules. The magic moment is when my drawings become real buildings. E. Being a researcher, I study animals’ lives in woods. Patience is the key to understanding their habits. Our goal is to protect endangered animals. F. As a nature filmmaker, I record wild animals in forests. I need to wait for hours to catch special moments. It’s meaningful to protect nature through my cameras. 【答案】31. D 32. F 33. A 34. C 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是职业分享演讲与听后感的配对题，通过五位同学的描述匹配六位演讲者的职业内容。 【31题详解】 根据“Amy: The speaker designs buildings on computers. Her drawings will be turned into real houses.”可知，演讲者从事建筑设计工作。选项D“我设计房屋。我在电脑上绘制建筑图纸并检查安全规范。当我设计图变成真实的建筑时，那是很奇妙的时刻。”与之匹配。故选D。 【32题详解】 根据“Sara: It sounds special to take videos of animals in forests. The speaker often waits for a long time at work.”可知，演讲者是野外动物摄影师。选项F“作为一名自然纪录片制作人，我在森林里拍摄野生动物。我需要等上几个小时才能捕捉到特别的瞬间。通过我的镜头来保护自然是很有意义的。”与之匹配。故选F。 【33题详解】 根据“Tom: This person works in a hospital to help sick people. He uses special tools for heart checks.”可知，演讲者是心脏检查医护人员。选项A“我在医院帮助病人。每天我都会用特殊工具检查心脏。长时间工作是常有的事，但看到病人好转会给我带来快乐。”与之匹配。故选A。 【34题详解】 根据“Mike: The speaker guides tourists to historical sites and tell stories in different languages. She needs to travel to different places as well.”可知，演讲者是跨语言导游。选项C“我带领游客参观名胜古迹和博物馆。我用英语和法语讲述历史故事。这份工作最棒的地方是可以去新的地方旅行。”与之匹配。故选C。 【35题详解】 根据“Lily: The speaker needs to solve problems logically in their work. Teamwork is often not a must for the job.”可知，演讲者是注重逻辑的独立工作者。选项B“我的工作是编写计算机程序。逻辑思维对解决工作中的问题很重要。我经常独自工作，但从不觉得无聊。”与之匹配。故选B。 第二部分 非选择题(共25分) III. 根据所给词的适当形式填空（共10小题，每小题0.5分） 36. The cat ________ (drop) the toy mouse on the floor yesterday. 【答案】dropped 【解析】 【详解】句意：昨天，那只猫把玩具老鼠扔到了地板上。根据“yesterday”可知，句子应用一般过去时，动词drop应用其过去式dropped。故填dropped。 37. She is the most ________ (power) person in the team, so she is able to make the decision. 【答案】powerful 【解析】 【详解】句意：她是团队里最有权力的人，所以她能够做决定。此处需要形容词，“power”是名词，其形容词形式“powerful”符合“the most+形容词”构成最高级的语法要求，“powerful”在句子中作定语，修饰名词“person”，用于描述人的特征。故填powerful。 38. The ________ (connect) between smoking and heart disease is well-known. 【答案】connection 【解析】 【详解】句意：吸烟和心脏病之间的联系是众所周知的。因为定冠词“The”后需要接名词，且句子缺少主语，“connect”是动词，其名词形式“connection”符合语境。故填connection。 39. I didn’t ________ (actual) see her. I just heard her voice. 【答案】actually 【解析】 【详解】句意：我实际上没有看到她。我只是听到了她的声音。此处需要副词修饰动词“see”，“actual”是形容词，其副词形式“actually”符合语境，用于说明动作的实际情况。“actually”在句子中作状语。故填actually。 40. This museum has ________ (education) games for kids to learn science. 【答案】educational 【解析】 【详解】句意：这个博物馆有教育性的游戏供孩子们学习科学。根据“games for kids to learn science”可知，此处需要形容词修饰games，education的形容词形式为educational，表示“教育性的”。故填educational。 41. The government plans to attract a few ________ (industry) to this area, such as the tourist industry and the computer industry. 【答案】industries 【解析】 【详解】句意：政府计划吸引一些产业到该地区，例如旅游业和计算机产业。a few修饰复数名词，industry的复数形式为industries。故填industries。 42. The farmer ________ (feed) all the ducks with corn last week . 【答案】fed 【解析】 【详解】：句意：上周这个农民用玉米喂了所有的鸭子。“feed”在句中作谓语，根据时间状语“last week”可知，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，“feed”的过去式是“fed”。故填fed。 43. The baby showed ________ (curious) about the colorful balloons. 【答案】curiosity 【解析】 【详解】句意：这个婴儿对彩色气球表现出好奇。因为动词“showed”后需要接名词作宾语，构成短语show curiosity about (对……表现出好奇)。“curious”是形容词，其名词形式“curiosity”在句子中作宾语，符合语境。故填curiosity。 44. Look! The scientists in white coats are ________ (compare) the test data carefully. 【答案】comparing 【解析】 【详解】句意：看！那些穿白大褂的科学家们正在仔细对比测试数据。“are”是be动词，与现在分词一起构成现在进行时，“compare”的现在分词形式是“comparing”，符合“Look!”提示的正在进行的动作语境。故填comparing。 45. The new medicine could ________ (possible) work better in the future. 【答案】possibly 【解析】 【详解】句意：这种新药在未来可能会效果更好。根据“The new medicine could...work better in the future.”可知，此处需要用副词来修饰动词“work”，possible的副词形式为“possibly”，意为“可能地”。故填possibly。 IV.语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A long time ago, there was a girl named Nüwa. She was a ____46____ (live) girl and the daughter of the Yan Emperor. One day, she went to the Eastern Sea to have some fun. But big waves ____47____ (come) one after another. After a serious fight against the angry sea, Nüwa lost all of her strength and drowned (溺水的). ____48____ a poor little girl! After she died, Nüwa turned into a bird called Jingwei. It had a colorful head, a white beak, and red ____49____ (foot). Jingwei told ____50____ (she) that she would never forget what the sea had done. She also wanted to keep other people from drowning. So Jingwei ____51____ (decide) to carry small branches (树枝) and stones from the Western Mountains to fill up the Eastern Sea. It was not ____52____ easy task. Many people believed Jingwei was ____53____ (able) to make it. But Jingwei didn’t give up and was proud ____54____ her decision. Luckily, she gradually got used to ____55____ (fly) between the Western Mountains and the Eastern Sea. Now in China, we have a saying: “Jingwei fills up the sea.” Jingwei is remembered for its strong will to change something as unchangeable as the Eastern Sea. 【答案】46. lively 47. came 48. What 49. feet 50. herself 51. decided 52. an 53. unable 54. of 55. flying 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了中国神话故事“精卫填海”的由来。 【46题详解】 句意：她是个活泼的女孩，是炎帝的女儿。“girl”是名词，需用形容词修饰，“live”的形容词形式“lively”符合语境，描述女孩性格特点。故填lively。 【47题详解】 句意：但大浪一个接一个地袭来。文章整体是过去时态叙事，此处谓语动词用过去式，“come”的过去式是“came”。故填came。 【48题详解】 句意：多么可怜的小女孩啊！感叹句结构“What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数（+主语+谓语）！” ，此处中心词是“girl”（可数名词单数 ），用“What”引导。故填What。 【49题详解】 句意：它有彩色的头、白色的喙和红色的脚。鸟有两只脚，“foot”的复数形式是“feet”，符合实际情况。故填feet。 【50题详解】 句意：精卫对自己说，她永远不会忘记大海所做的事。此处强调“精卫自己告诉自己”，用反身代词“herself”，作“told”的宾语。故填herself。 【51题详解】 句意：所以精卫决定从西山衔来小树枝和石头去填平东海。文章是过去时态，谓语动词用过去式，“decide”的过去式是“decided”。故填decided。 【52题详解】 句意：这不是一项容易的任务。“task”是可数名词单数，“easy”以元音音素开头，不定冠词用“an”，表示“一项”。故填an。 【53题详解】 句意：很多人认为精卫无法做到这件事。根据语境可知，人们觉得她“不能”成功，“able”的反义词“unable”符合语义。故填unable。 【54题详解】 句意：但精卫没有放弃，并且为自己的决定感到骄傲。“be proud of...”是固定短语，意为“为……感到骄傲”。故填of。 【55题详解】 句意：幸运的是，她渐渐习惯了在西山和东海之间飞行。“get used to doing sth.”是固定搭配，意为“习惯做某事”，“to”是介词，后接动名词“flying”。故填flying。 V. 书面表达(15分) 56. 假设你是李华，为响应世界读书日主题活动中深圳发起的“息屏一小时”（Screen-off for One Hour）倡议，你将作为学生代表在升旗仪式上发表英语演讲。请写一篇演讲稿，倡议同学们放下电子设备，培养线下爱好。 要点： 1. 介绍一项你的线下爱好。 2. 讲述此爱好的形成过程及对你的影响。 3. 呼吁同学们积极参与“息屏一小时”活动，培养线下爱好。 提示词：offline hobbies线下爱好 注意： 1. 词数为80左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 文中不能出现真实姓名及学校名称； 4. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear students, I am Lihua. I proudly stand here to talk about Shenzhen’s meaningful activity — “Screen-off for One Hour”. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you for your listening! 【答案】例文 Dear students, I am Lihua. I proudly stand here to talk about Shenzhen’s meaningful activity — “Screen-off for One Hour”. Today I want to share how I found the joy of offline hobbies and encourage everyone to turn off our phones and computers for an hour every day. My favorite hobby is gardening. It began last spring when I found a tiny dying plant. I planted it, watered it, and watched it grow. Now, my balcony is filled with greenery. This hobby taught me patience, connected me with nature, and cut down my screen time. What can we do in one screen-off hour? We can draw a picture, play basketball, or learn an instrument. These offline hobbies refresh our minds and protect our eyesight. Let’s take action to live a healthier and happier life! Thank you for your listening! 【解析】 详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇应用文，为演讲稿； ②时态：以“一般现在时”为主，描述当下的活动、爱好及倡议； ③提示：围绕深圳“关机一小时”活动，分享自身线下爱好经历，呼吁大家参与该活动。 [写作步骤] 第一步，开头自我介绍并点明主题，引出“关机一小时”活动及分享目的。 第二步，中间讲述自己园艺这一线下爱好的起源、过程和收获，接着列举关机一小时可进行的线下活动及好处。 第三步，结尾呼吁大家采取行动，践行更健康快乐的生活方式。 [亮点词汇] ①meaningful有意义的 ②gardening园艺 ③greenery绿色植物 ④refresh使恢复精力；使振作 [高分句型] ①It began last spring when I found a tiny dying plant.（“when”引导时间状语从句，清晰呈现爱好开始的时间背景，使叙事有清晰节点。） ②Let’s take action to live a healthier and happier life!（“let’s...”祈使句结构，用于发出倡议，增强呼吁的感染力和号召力。） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$